Atoms

An atom is the smallest structural and functional unit of matter.

Matter
Sids]
->
->
Make up of atoms

ass e agai
e

Matter the again

brick) wh
t
into
bej pieces
,
(The
-

Final
structure
1 I
->
e
->
-> 1
B

a
A
tom
Structure of atom.

A ⑰

⑳
7

O
A

I
X Nucleus

Negative charged

Positively
charged

No charge
 An atom has 03 sub atomic particles
l. Protons
they are inside the nucleus
They are positively charged

2. Neutrons
They are inside the nucleus
They have no charge

3. Electrons
They are revolving around the nucleus
They have a negative charge

Collection of Similar type of atoms 7 An element

What are elements?

Element are made up of particles known as atoms
* different elements have different atoms
Ex:
-Carbon atoms make the carbon element

r - carbon element

↑
<

-carbon atoms

Oxygen atoms make the oxygen element

--oxygenatems
000
⑧O
C

=-
Oxygen element
 6.2
Elements and their symbols
↑

• Elements have long names.

• so, symbols are used to identify them
Ex:
• Carbon → C
• magnesium → Mg

• these symbols can have one capital letter or two letters (first letter is capital &
second letter is simple)
Ex:
• copper →Cu

• The chemical symbol takes either the 1st letter or first +second/ third letter is
taken
ex:
1st letter → Carbon (C)
First + second letter → Calcium (Ca)
First + third letter → magnesium (Mg)

• some chemical symbols use makes from other languages (Latin/ German /Greek)

Ex:
• Natrium= Sodium → Na
• ferrous/ ferrum=iron → Fe
• Wolfram = tungsten → W
First 20 elements in the periodic table.

Element. Symbols
1. Hydrogen H
2. Helium He
3. Lithium Li
4. Beryllium Be
5. Boron B
6. Carbon C
7. Nitrogen N
8. Oxygen O
9. Fluorine F
10. Neon Ne
11. Sodium Na
12. Magnesium Mg
13. Aluminum Al
14. Silicon Si
15. Phosphorus P
16. Sulphur S
17. Chlorine Cl
18. Argon Ar
19. Potassium K
20. Calcium Ca
 0
0

Write the symbols for the following elements using the above periodic table
1. Titanium
2. Nickel
3. Silver
4. Arsenic
5. Radium Ra
-

6. Gold
7. Platinum
8. Tin
9. Lead
10. Zinc
11. Mercury
12. Cadmium
Write the name of the element for to following symbols
1. Rb
2. Br
3. Mn
4. Cr
5. Sr
6. Sb
7. W
8. I
9. Ba
10. Be
11. Ga
12. Po
13. Cs
14. In

Page
15. Ag

⑬ Met da