Let’s Apply

A. Complete the table of quantum numbers of electrons in atoms. Find your answers inside the box.
integers from 0 to n-1 integers from - ℓ to + ℓ orbital energy (size)
ms positive integers (1,2,3…) mℓ
orbital shape magnetic spin
direction of e- spin n angular momentum

Quantum Number Symbol Allowed Values What is describes?

principal n 1, 2, 3, … Orbital size
angular ℓ from 0 to (n-1) Orbital shape
Magnetic mℓ - ℓ, (- ℓ + 1), … 0, … (+ ℓ -1), orbital orientation
+ℓ
Magnetic ms +½ or -½ Direction of electron
B. Answer the following:
1. What is the allowed set of quantum numbers for an electron which is found in the first energy level?
Principal quantum numbers
2. What are the four quantum numbers that represent an electron in c
a) 3 p orbital b) 5 d orbital c) 4 f orbital
3. What electron number is represented by the four quantum numbers; n=4, ℓ=2, mℓ =0 and ms = +½ ?
4 electrons

Let’s Analyze
Explain the following briefly but thoroughly.
1. What do quantum numbers help us to figure out? The behavior of atom
2. Without using quantum numbers, describe the differences between the shells, subshells, and orbitals of
an atom. The difference of that shells is their places
3. How do the quantum numbers of the shells, subshells, and orbitals of an atom differ? The larger the
value of n the farther away from nucleus it is.

ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION
Let’s Apply
Indicate whether the following atoms are paramagnetic or diamagnetic and draw the electron distribution
using the orbital diagram.
1. Magnesium

2. Potassium

3. Germanium

4. iron
Let’s Analyze
1. State Hund’s rule.
2. What is an orbital filling diagram?
3. The orbital filling diagram has arrows pointing in opposite directions when two electrons occupy the
same orbital. What do these arrows indicate?
4. Is the diagram in the Figure below correct? Explain your answer.

5. Is the diagram in the Figure below correct? Explain your answer.

Let’s Try (Evaluation)

Instructions: Answer each part as directed. Use your answer sheet.
1. Identify the element which has the following orbital filling diagram. Te

.... , ____ , ____ ____ ____

5s 5p

2. Draw the orbital diagram for Mg.

1s ____ 2s ____ 2p ____ ____ ____ 3s ____ 3p ____ ____ ____

3. Write electron configuration using orbital diagrams for Na+.

1s ____ 2s ____ 2p ____ ____ ____ 3s ____ 3p ____ ____ ____

4. What rule(s) are violated in the following diagram? Hund’s rule.

CHEMICAL BONDING
Let’s Apply
Using a simple periodic table, accomplish the following table. Write the atomic number, electron
configuration (long form), number of valence electrons, and Lewis dot symbol for each of the elements
listed.
Numbe
r of Lewis
Atomic
Valenc Dot
Element Numbe Electron Configuration
e Symbo
r
Electro l
n
1. Aluminum 13 3
 2. Barium 56 2
3. Bromine 35 7
4. Carbon 6 4
Numbe
r of Lewis
Atomic
Valenc Dot
Element Numbe Electron Configuration
e Symbo
r
Electro l
n
5. Fluorine 9 7
6. Iodine 53 7
7. Magnesium 12 2
8. Phosphorou 15 5
s
9. Selenium 34 6
10 Silicon 14 4
.

Let’s Analyze
Using Lewis structures, show how an ionic compound is formed between each pair of elements. Then,
give the formula of the resulting compound. An example (hypothetical compound) is provided for you.
Elements Compound Formation Compound
Formula

A and B AB
potassium and bromine
calcium and nitrogen
lithium and oxygen
sodium and phosphorus
aluminum and sulfur

OCTET RULE
Let’s Analyze
Explain the following briefly but thoroughly.
1. Which of the following elements can only form one bond in a Lewis structure? Explain your answer.
A. Oxygen C. Nitogen E. Hydrogen
B. Carbon D. Aluminum

2. A list of non-metals is given below. Which elements cannot exceed the octet rule and why?
B, Si, N, P, O, S, F, Cl
A. Si, P, S, Cl C. O, S, F, Cl
B. B, N, O, F D. B, Si, N, P

Let’s Try (Evaluation)

A. Direction: Write the letter on your answer sheet that corresponds to the best answer.
 1. Which element will have 5 electrons in its Lewis dot symbol?
A. Argon B. Boron C. Carbon D. Phosphorus

2. Write the singly-bonded Lewis dot structure for BF3. Which of the following statements
best describes this structure?
A. It obeys the octet rule on all atoms.
B. It has less than an octet on at least one atom.
C. It has a lone pair of electrons on the boron atom.
D. It has less than an octet of electrons on all atoms.
3. Write the correct Lewis dot structure for O2. Which statement correctly describes the
structure of the whole molecule?
A. There is a double bond and four lone pairs.
B. There is a double bond and six lone pairs.
C. There is a single bond and four lone pairs.
D. There is a single bond and six lone pairs.
4. Which of the following statements concerning double covalent bonds is TRUE?
A. They are found only in molecules that contain S or O.
B. They are found only in molecules that contain a coordinate covalent bond.
C. They occur only between atoms containing 4 valence electrons
D. They always involve the sharing of 2 electron pairs.
5. The total number of nonbonding electron pairs present in the Lewis structure of CH4 is
A. zero B. one C. two D. four

B. Matching Type. For each of the bonding characteristics on the left, select from the response list on
the right the correct number of electrons that are involved. Responses on the right may be used more
than once or need not be used at all.
1. Number of electrons in the Lewis structure for NH3 A. zero
2. Number of shared electrons in the Lewis structure for H2O B. one
3. Number of double bonds in the Lewis structure for CH4 C. four
4. Number of nonbonding electrons in the Lewis structure for CN – ion D. eight

5. Number of shared electrons contributed by oxygen to the coordinate covalent

bond in CO
Let’s Create!

OUTSANDING SATISFACTORY NEEDS IMPROVEMENT

CRITERIA
5 3 1
Accurate and Accurate but lacks Information is not accurate.
MODEL
included all required some information.
ACCURACY
information.
Project is unique and does Project is nice, but it is Project appears forced. It
not appear to unique. It has many appears to
look like others. similar components as have many parts
MODEL It is very neatly other presentation. that are strange and do not
CREATIVITY crafted and organized. The model shows lacks on serve any
The model shows creativity and purpose. The model
creativity that is exciting and organization shows serious
fresh. lack of creativity or
 organization.
3D Model is neat and 3D model has design 3D model has many
DESIGN AND well designed. Choice of flaws. Choice of materials design flaws. Choice
MATERIALS materials is well is appropriate for model. of materials does
suited for model. not suit for model.
Labelled correctly: the The note card was present There was no note card to
name of the with some accompany
LABELING
compound, labelled information, the 3D model
ACCURACY
chemical symbol and but not all. Some parts at all.
chemical formula are missing.
All materials use are Materials use is Materials use is very
ECONOMY
very economical. economical. uneconomical

Chemical Model Building. Your mission is to build models for the compounds listed below. After
building each model you need to have it inspected and signed by the facilitator. The teacher will check
and write the points in your scorecard. Your objective is to correctly build models for all the compounds
listed. You may use any materials commonly found at home. Refer to the rubric for grading.

Lewis Dot 3D Model Inspected

Compound Formula Points
Structure By
Diatomic Nitrogen N2
Hydrochloric Acid HCl
Ethane C2H6
Ethylene C2H4
Carbon CCl4
Tetrachloride