THEME 3:

Energy and Sustainability of

life
CHAPTER 6:

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

6.1 Generation of Electricity
Electricity is generated through various energy sources

Energy Sources

Renewable Non-renewable
energy source energy source
• Can be replaced • Cannot be
continually replaced.
• Will never deplete • Will deplete
6.1 Generation of Electricity
• Hydro energy • Wave energy

• Solar energy

Renewable • Tidal energy

Energy Source
• Wind energy

• Geothermal energy • Biomass energy

6.1 Generation of Electricity
• Nuclear
energy

• Coal
Non-Renewable
• Natural gas Energy Source

• Petroleum
What are the two types of energy source?
Answer:
Fossil fuels , Wind
energy, Nuclear Energy
Wave energy, ?
Classify these energy sources into
renewable and Non-renewable energy.
What are the two types of energy source?
Answer: Renewable energy and
Non-renewable energy
Fossil fuels , Wind
energy, Nuclear Energy
Wave energy, ?
Classify these energy sources into
renewable and Non-renewable energy.
Renewable Non-renewable
- Wind energy - Fossil fuels
- Wave energy - Neuclear energy
6.1.2 Process of Generating Electricity
 Generator is a device used to generate electricity. Magnet
 When the crank is turned Coil of wire
induced current is produced.

 Generator consist of 2 main components

which are:
 Magnets
 Coil of wire
Induced current is produced when the magnetic field lines
are cut by connecting wire or solenoid
There are 2 methods which are:

Movement of the wire Movement of the magnet.

6.1.3 Electricity generated at power stations
a. Thermal power station
• Sources of fuel or
energy sources:
Diesel, coal and
natural gas

: Mechanism
: Energy
change
Boiling water Steam Generator
Burning of fuel produces rotates the generates
steam turbine Electricity

Chemical Heat Kinetic Electrical

energy energy energy energy
6.1.3 Electricity generated at power stations
b. Power station using
solar energy

: Mechanism
: Energy
change

Solar panels convert light energy

Sunrays
from the Sun into electricity

Solar energy Electrical energy

6.1.3 Electricity generated at power stations
c. Hydroelectric power
station

: Mechanism
: Energy
change

Water flows Flow of water Generator

High dam stores
from high to rotates produces
water
low level turbine electricity

Gravitational potential Kinetic Electrical

energy energy energy
6.1.3 Electricity generated at power stations
a. Power station using
Wind Energy

: Mechanism
: Energy
change
Blades Generator
Wind moves
Moving air or wind rotates the produces
blades
turbine electricity

Kinetic energy Electrical energy

6.1.3 Electricity generated at power stations
a. Power station using
Nuclear fuel

: Mechanism
: Energy
change
Boiling Water Generator
Steam rotates
Nuclear reaction produces produces
the turbine
steam electricity

Nuclear Heat Kinetic Electrical

energy energy energy energy
6.1.3 Electricity generated at power stations
a. Power station using
Biomass

: Mechanism
: Energy
change
Boiling Water Generator
Biomass produce Steam rotates
produces produces
methane the turbine
steam electricity

Chemical Heat Kinetic Electrical

energy energy energy energy
What are the energy change for Thermal
Power station?
Answer:

How induced current is produced?

Answer:
 What are the energy change for Thermal
Power station?
Answer:
Chemical energy to Heat
energy to Kinetic energy
to Electrical energy
How induced current is produced?
Answer:
Induced current is produced when the magnetic
field lines is cut by connecting wire or solenoid
6.1.4 Direct Current and Alternating Current
Electric current is divided into two types

Electric current
Alternating
Direct current
current
• Electric current flows
• Electric current flows
in constantly
in one direction only.
reversing directions