Unit 26 Conditional Clauses, Zero Conditional Clause

** There are four main types of conditional clauses.

1. Zero Conditional Clause 2. First Conditional Clause
3. Second Conditional Clause 4. Third Conditional Clause
ចំ្ំ ៖ ង្ៅកនុខអៃុប្បង្យាល ័កខ
េ ណ
័ ឌ ឬ Conditional Clause លមា
ឺ ៃពរី ប្បង្យាលន្ែ ប្ វូ រៃង្លង្ៅថា If Clause
ៃខ
ិ Result Clause បន្ុ ៃតង្ែម
ើ បី ង្អាយអនកង្ហយប្សួ យ ់ខុ ស
ំ្ ូ មង្ៅ If Clause ថា (អៃុប្បង្យាលង្ហ ុ) ង្ហយ
ើ ង្ៅ Result
Clause ថា (អៃុប្បង្យាលផ្ ) ែូចង្ៃោះអនកប្ វូ ោំថាង្ទោះបជា
ី អនកោក់ If ង្ៅពម
ី ខ
ុ អៃុប្បង្យាលទំខពរី ឬោក់ង្ៅចំក្ត
អៃុប្បង្យាលទំខពរី ក៏លស
ឺ ុ ទរ
ធ ៃែូចគ្នន ន្ ង្ែម
ើ បី ោក់ង្អាយរៃប្ ម
ឹ ប្ វូ ង្នាោះលប្ឺ វូ ោក់ If ង្ៅពម
ី ខ
ុ អៃុប្បង្យាលង្ហ ុជាៃច
ិ ច ។
ង្ហ ុែូង្ចនោះង្ហយ
ើ អនកប្ វូ លិ ថាង្ អ
ើ ៃុប្បង្យាលទំខពរី ៃខ
ឹ មួយ្ជាង្ហ ុ ង្បរើ កង្ ញ
ើ ង្ហយ
ើ ប្ វូ ោក់ If ពម
ី ខ
ុ វា ។

Form in English If Simple Present, Simple Present

Form in Khmer If + អៃុប្បង្យាលង្ហ ុ, អៃុប្បង្យាលផ្

- If you drink too much beer, you get drunk.

- ប្បសិៃង្បអ
ើ ក
ន ផ្ក
ឹ ប្សាង្បៀរង្ប្ចៃ
ើ ង្ពក អនកកាេយជាប្សវខ
ឹ ។
Example
* If you don’t water the plants, they die.

*ង្បអ
ើ ក
ន មៃ
ិ ង្ប្សាចទក
ឹ រុកជា
េ ង្ិ ទ ពួកង្លសាេប់ ។

1. Zero Conditional Clause (Present Real Situation)

ការង្ប្បប្ើ រស់ ៖ ការពិ ង្ៅកនុខង្ព បចចុបបៃន ឬការពិ អំពខ
ី ួ ៃឯខ
េ ៃរ្មានក់ ៃខ
ិ អំពង្ី រឿខអវម
ី យ
ួ

Use : Present Fact (ការពិ បចចុបបៃន)

Forms : A. If Simple Present, Simple Present.
If + s + v1 + (obj), s + v1 + (obj)
- If you eat too many sweets, you get fat.
- If I get up late, I am late for work.
- If I drink beer, I am sick.
- If he comes to me party, I am so happy.
- If they don’t do homework, their teacher punishes them.
Forms : B. Simple Present if Simple Present.
S + v1 + (obj) if s + v1 + (obj)
- You get ten percent off if you buy over fifty dollars.
- She is not healthy if she doesn’t eat well.
- My son burns the food if he cooks.
- Your teeth become black if you smoke.

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Practice 26: Zero Conditional Clause
Make zero conditionals: (not / rain / the flowers / die)
____ If it doesn’t rain, the flowers die._________________________________
1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)
_______________________________________________________________
2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
_______________________________________________________________
3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
_______________________________________________________________
4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
_______________________________________________________________
5. (you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)
_______________________________________________________________
6. (people / eat / too many sweets / they / get fat)
_______________________________________________________________
7. (you / smoke / you / get yellow fingers)
_______________________________________________________________
8. (children / play outside / they / not get overweight)
_______________________________________________________________
9. (you / heat ice / it / melt)
_______________________________________________________________
10. (I / speak to John / he / get annoyed)
_______________________________________________________________
11. (I / feel good the next day / I / go to bed early)
_______________________________________________________________
12. (lots of people / come / Jenny / have a party)
_______________________________________________________________
13. (she / buy expensive clothes / she / go shopping)
_______________________________________________________________
14. (my daughter / pass her exams / she / work hard)
_______________________________________________________________
15. (David / be sick / he / drink milk)
_______________________________________________________________
16. (the river / freeze / it / be very cold)
_______________________________________________________________
17. (I / like to visit the museums / I / be in a new city)
_______________________________________________________________
18. (I / cycle to work / the weather / be fine)
_______________________________________________________________
19. (my flat-mate / clean it really well / she / clean the house)
_______________________________________________________________
20. (everybody / be grumpy / it / rain a lot)
_______________________________________________________________

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Unit 27 First Conditional Clause
1. First Conditional Clause (Future & Present Real Situation)

ការង្ប្បប្ើ រស់ ៖ ង្រឿខន្ែ អាចៃខ

ឹ ង្កើ ង្ ខ
ើ ង្ៅង្ព អនាល

Use : Future Possibility ( ទធភាពង្ព អនាល )

Forms : A. If Simple Present, Simple Present.

If + s + v1 + (obj), s + will + v1 + (obj)
- If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam.

- If it rains, we won’t go out tonight.

- If they pass the test, they will get a job.

Forms : B. Simple Present if Simple Present.

S + will + v1 + (obj) if s + v1 + (obj)
- We will walk to school if it doesn’t rain.

- She will take a taxi if it rain.

- I will marry you if you love me.

ការពៃយ ់ ការពិ ង្ៅង្ព បចចុបបៃន ង្រឿខន្ែ អាចៃខ

ឹ ង្កើ ង្ ខ
ើ ង្ៅង្ព អនាល

If Simple Present, Future Will

Form in English
If + s + v1 + (obj), s + will + v1 + (obj)

Form in Khmer If + អៃុប្បង្យាលង្ហ ុ, អៃុប្បង្យាលផ្

- If you walk through the rain, you will get sick.

- ប្បសិៃង្បអ
ើ ក
ន ង្ែរើ កា ង្់ េេៀខ អនកអាចៃខ
ឹ ឈឺ ។
Example
* If you want, I will come early.

*ង្បស
ើ ិ ៃជាអនកចខ់ ខ្ុៃ
ំ ខ
ឹ មកែ ់ង្អាយរៃមុៃង្ព កំណ ់ ។

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Practice 27: First Conditional Clause
Put the verb into the correct first conditional form:
1. If I __________________ (go) out tonight, I __________________ (go) to the cinema.

2. If you __________________ (get) back late, I __________________ (be) angry.

3. If we ___________(not / see) each other tomorrow, we __________ (see) each other next week.

4. If he __________________ (come), I __________________ (be) surprised.

5. If we __________________ (wait) here, we __________________ (be) late.

6. If we __________________ (go) on holiday this summer, we _________________ (go) to Spain.

7. If the weather ________________ (not / improve), we _________________ (not / have) a picnic.

8. If I __________________ (not / go) to bed early, I __________________ (be) tired tomorrow.

9. If we __________________ (eat) all this cake, we __________________ (feel) sick.

10. If you ________________ (not / want) to go out, I _________________ (cook) dinner at home.

11. I __________________ (come) early if you __________________ (want).

12. They __________________ (go) to the party if they __________________ (be) invited.

13. She __________________ (stay) in London if she __________________ (get) a job.

14. He _________________ (not / get) a better job if he _______________ (not / pass) that exam.

15. I __________________ (buy) a new dress if I __________________ (have) enough money.

16. She __________________ (cook) dinner if you __________________ (go) to the supermarket.

17. They __________________ (go) on holiday if they __________________ (have) time.

18. We __________________ (be) late if we __________________ (not / hurry).

19. She __________________ (take) a taxi if it __________________ (rain).

20. I __________________ (not / go) if you __________________ (not / come) with me.

94
Unit 28 Second Conditional Clause
1. Second Conditional Clause (Present & Future Unreal Situations)

ការង្ប្បប្ើ រស់ ១. ការប្សង្មប្ើ សនម

Use 1. Imagination or dream (For Future Unreal Situation)
- If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
- If she were rich, she would buy a new phone.
- If we met Uncle Sin Sisamuth, we would hug him.

ការង្ប្បប្ើ រស់ ២. ន្ែ មៃ

ិ អាចង្ៅរួច ឬមៃ
ិ ន្មៃជាការពិ
Use
2. Impossible (For Present Unreal Situation)
- If I had his number, I would call him.
- If I were you, I wouldn’t go out with that man.
- If she were you, she would love John.

សរុបមក ័កខ
េ ណ
័ ឌ ន្ែ ផ្ទុយពកា
ី រពិ នាង្ព បចចុបបៃន ៃខ
ិ អនាល ។ ឧទហរណ៍ ប្បសិៃង្បើ
ខ្ុជា
ំ អនកមាៃ បន្ុ ៃតបចចុបបៃនង្ៃោះ ខ្ុល
ំ ឺ ជាអនកប្ក ។
Forms : A. If Simple Past, Future Past or Future Would.
If + s + v2 + (obj), s + would + v1 + (obj)
- If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
- If she were rich, she would buy a new phone.
- If we met Uncle Sin Sisamuth, we would hug him.
Forms : B. Future Past or Future Would if Simple Past.
S + would + v1 + (obj) if s + v2 + (obj)
- I would call him if I had his number.
- I wouldn’t go out with that man if I were you.
- She would love John if she were you.

*** Note : ង្ៅកនុខចំណុចង្វយាករណ៍មួយង្ៃោះង្យខ

ើ ង្ប្បើ Were ជាមួយៃខ
ឹ សសពវនាម
ង្ែរើ ជា
ួ ប្បធ្នៃទំខអស់ (all kinds of subject pronouns) ។
If I were not sick, I would walk all the temples.
If you were not sick, you would walk all the temples.
If we were not sick, we would walk all the temples.
If they were not sick, they would walk all the temples.
If he were not sick, he would walk all the temples.
If she were not sick, she would walk all the temples.
If it were not sick, it would walk all the temples.
If John were not sick, he would walk all the temples.

95
Practice 28: Second Conditional Clause
Put the verb into the correct tense.
1. If I _________________ (be) you, I _________________ (get) a new job.

2. If he _________________ (be) younger, he _________________ (travel) more.

3. If we _________________ (not / be) friends, I _________________ (be) angry with you.

4. If I _________________ (have) enough money, I _________________ (buy) a big house.

5. If she _________________ (not / be) always so late, she _________________ (be) promoted.

6. If we _________________ (win) the lottery, we _________________ (travel) the world.

7. If you _______________ (have) a better job, we ______________ (be) able to buy a new car.

8. If I _________________ (speak) perfect English, I _________________ (have) a good job.

9. If we _________________ (live) in Mexico, I _________________ (speak) Spanish.

10. If she ______________ (pass) the exam, she _______________ (be) able to enter university.

11. She _________________ (be) happier if she _________________ (have) more friends.

12. We _________________ (buy) a house if we _________________ (decide) to stay here.

13. They _____________ (have) more money if they _____________ (not / buy) so many clothes

14. We _________________ (come) to dinner if we _________________ (have) time.

15. She _________________ (call) him if she _________________ (know) his number.

16. They ________________ (go) to Spain on holiday if they ______________ (like) hot weather.

17. She _________________ (pass) the exam if she _________________ (study) more.

18. I _________________ (marry) someone famous if I _________________ (be) a movie star.

19. We never _________________ (be) late again if we _________________ (buy) a new car.

20. You _________________ (lose) weight if you _________________ (eat) less.

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Unit 29 Third Conditional Clause
1. Third Conditional Clause (Past Unreal, Imaginary situations)

ការង្ប្បប្ើ រស់ ៖ (ការង្សាកសាតយ) បញ្ជាក់ពកា

ី រប្សង្មប្ើ សនមពសា
ី ថ ៃភាពមួយន្ែ មាៃ កេ

ណៈផ្ទុយគ្ននពកា
ី រពិ ន្ែ រៃង្កើ ង្ ខ
ើ ង្ៅកនុខអ ី កា ។ ង្មើ ឧទហរណ៍ខាខង្ប្កាម ។

Use : (Regret) to express the imaginary situations which are

contrary to facts in the past.
Example : If they had studied hard, they would have passed the exams.

(but, they didn’t study hard, so they didn’t pass the exams.)

ប្បសិៃង្បព
ើ ក
ួ ង្លរៃខិ ខំប្បខ
ឹ ង្រៀៃ ពួកង្លៃខ
ឹ ប្ប ខជាប់ (ការពិ ន្ែ រៃ

ង្កើ ង្ ខ
ើ លព
ឺ ក
ួ ង្លមៃ
ិ រៃខិ ខំប្បខ
ឹ ង្រៀៃសូ ប្ ង្ហយ
ើ ក៏មៃ
ិ រៃប្ប ខជាប់ន្ថ្មង្ទៀ ផ្ខ ។)

Forms : A. If Past Perfect, s + would + perfect infinitive

If + s + had + v3 + (obj), s + would + have + v3 + (obj)

- If we had taken the taxi, we wouldn’t have missed the plane.

- If she hadn’t eaten so much, she wouldn’t have felt sick.

- If Julie had tried hard, she would have won the competition.

Forms : B. Future Past or Future Would if Simple Past.

S + would + have + v3 + (obj) if s + had + v3 + (obj)

- They would have had a good job if they had gone to university.

- I wouldn’t have had an accident if I had stayed at home.

- I would have bought a new phone if I hadn’t lost my wallet.

- He would have been on time for an interview if he had left home

at nine.

97
Practice 29: Third Conditional Clause
Put in the correct third conditional verb form:
1. If you ______________ (not / be) late, we ______________ (not / miss) the bus.

2. If she ______________ (study), she ______________ (pass) the exam.

3. If we ______________ (arrive) earlier, we ______________ (see) John.

4. If they ______________ (go) to bed early, they ______________ (not / wake) up late.

5. If he ______________ (become) a musician, he ______________ (record) a CD.

6. If she ______________ (go) to art school, she ______________ (become) a painter.

7. If I _________ (be) born in a different country, I ________ (learn) to speak a different language.

8. If she ______________ (go) to university, she ______________ (study) French.

9. If we ______________ (not / go) to the party, we ______________ (not / meet) them.

10. If he ______________ (take) the job, he ______________ (not / go) travelling.

11. He ______________ (be) happier if he ______________ (stay) at home.

12. She ______________ (pass) the exam if she ______________ (study) harder.

13. We ____________ (not / get) married if we ____________ (not / go) to the same university.

14. They ______________ (be) late if they ______________ (not / take) a taxi.

15. She ______________ (not / meet) him if she ______________ (not / come) to London.

16. He ______________ (take) a taxi if he ______________ (have) enough money.

17. I ______________ (call) you if I ______________ (not / forget) my phone.

18. We ______________ (come) if we ______________ (be) invited.

19. She ______________ (not / do) it if she ______________ (know) you were ill.

20. He ______________ (be) on time if he ______________ (leave) earlier.

98