APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper titled “EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE PHYSICAL AND
SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT OF GRADE 11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS”, prepared
and submitted by Darlene Praise T. Magno, Princess Stella Marie Quijano, Bevelyn Calimbo
Clear Vergil Dumas, Jay Renan Pareja, Paul Xyril Angcoy, in partial fulfillment of Practical
Research 1 subject in Senior High School, has been examined and is hereby recommended
for acceptance and approval for Final Oral Defense.

JESSIL C. JUYAMAG
Research Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee for Oral Examination on June 22, 2023 with a Grade

of

PHILIPREI CACHO
Member

CLARISSA MAE L. BAJO

Member

IVY GRACE C. HUSMILLO

Member

i
 DEDICATION

This study is dedicated to our beloved parents

To our Teachers

To our Friends

To our active and participative respondents

Most especially,

To God, the great Father and Provider

To Jesus Christ, the Saviour

To the Holy Spirit, the Source of Wisdom

This research is dedicated for all of you.

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We, the researchers would like to extend our appreciation towards all who helped in this

study, without their guidance, outmost help, cooperation and encouragement, the

researchers would not come this far.

The researchers are extremely thankful to the research adviser Maam Jessil C. Juyamag

for sharing her knowledge, guidance, and support for the completion of this study.

To our Principal Maam Marivic R. Villaluz for approving and letting us to conduct our

study.

Moreover, we are grateful to our parents who financially supported and helped us. Also,

to our classmates and respondents who extended their efforts in participating our study.

Lastly, to our almighty God who guided us with this journey.

To God Be All the Glory

iii
 ABSTRACT

EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA TO THE PHYSICAL AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT

OF GRADE11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS by Princess Stella Marie Quijano,

Darlene Magno, Bevelyn Calimbo, Clear Vergil Dumas, Jay Renan Pareja, Paul Xyril

Angcoy; General Academic Strand11; Maharlika National High School Maharlika,Bislig

City ,Surigao del Sur. Research Adviser: Maam Jessil C. Juyamag

Researchers used purposive random sampling in order to choose respondents in the

Grade11 Students of Maharlika National High School. In order to determine the effects of

social media to the physical and social engagement of Grade11 Senior High School

Students a survey and interview was conducted to gather the data. Researchers found out

that respondents spent an average of 2 to 4 hours in social media sites like Messenger and

Facebook. Students use this application to interact with others, do assignments and for

entertainment purposes. Although social media is useful, respondents admitted that it made

them lazy and irresponsible individuals. The findings showed that the cause of the problem

is lack of time management. Thus, the researchers concluded that social media has both

positive and negative impact on the physical and social engagement of Grade11 students.

Researchers recommend frequently activities in community, school and family for the well-

being of the students mind and body, without proper intervention it could lead to more fatal

consequences like illnesses and social media addiction.

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 Table of Contents

APPROVAL SHEET.................................................................................................................i
DEDICATION............................................................................................................................i
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................iii
CHAPTER 1.............................................................................................................................3
BACKROUND OF THE STUDY..............................................................................................3
1.1 Rationale........................................................................................................................3
1.2 Statement of the Problem..............................................................................................5
1.3 Scope and Delimitation..................................................................................................5
1.4 Significance of the Study................................................................................................6
1.5 Definition of Terms.........................................................................................................6
CHAPTER 2.............................................................................................................................8
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE.........................................................8
2.1 Review of Related Literature..........................................................................................8
2.2 Review of Related Studies...........................................................................................10
2.3 Theoretical Background...............................................................................................14
CHAPTER 3...........................................................................................................................15
METHODOLOGY..................................................................................................................15
3.1 Conceptual Framework................................................................................................15
3.3 Research Locale..........................................................................................................16
3.4 Sampling Technique....................................................................................................16
3.5 Research Instruments..................................................................................................17
3.6 Sources of Data...........................................................................................................17
3.7 Ethical Considerations.................................................................................................17
3.8 Data Collection Procedure...........................................................................................18
3.9 Data Analysis Procedure..............................................................................................18
CHAPTER 4...........................................................................................................................19
Presentation of Data and Analysis........................................................................................19
Introduction........................................................................................................................19
4.1 The Demographic of Participants.................................................................................19
4.2.1 Research Analysis....................................................................................................20
4.2.2 Social Media Applications and Usage.......................................................................20

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 4.2.3 Excessive Use of social media and its Negative Effects...........................................21
4.2.4 Effectiveness of Social Media as a Tool to Socialize................................................21
4.2.5 Impact of Social Media Usage on Physical Activeness of the Respondents............22
CHAPTER 5...........................................................................................................................23
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations....................................................................23
5.1 Summary......................................................................................................................23
5.2 Findings........................................................................................................................23
5.3 Conclusion...................................................................................................................24
5.4 Recommendations.......................................................................................................24
REFERENCES......................................................................................................................25
APPENDIX A- RAW DATA....................................................................................................29
APPENDIX B- SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE.........................................................................31
INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE............................................................................................32
APPENDIX C- LETTER.........................................................................................................33
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Figure 1. Conceptual Framework……………………………………………… ………………...15
Figure 2 Research Locale…………………………………………………………………………16
Table 1 The Demographic of Participants.....................................................…………….....19
Table 2 Social Media Application and Usage…………………………………………………...20
Table 3 Hours Spent on Social Media…………………………………………………. ………..21
Table 4 Physical Activities Done by the Respondents…………………………………………22

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 CHAPTER 1
BACKROUND OF THE STUDY

1.1 Rationale

Physical defined as any voluntary bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles

that requires the use of energy. Physical activity refers to any activity performed during any

time of day or night. It includes both exercise and daily routine such as walking, running,

doing chores, or lifting objects. According to World Health Organization, engaging in

physical activities help avoid having non-communicable diseases like heart attack, stroke,

diabetes, and cancers. Sadly, according to World Health Organization as countries progress

economically, levels of inactivity.

Social Media according to Merriam-Webster are, “forms of electronic communication

(such as websites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create

online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content

(such as videos).”

Physical activity is rose to 70% due to transport patterns and sedentary lifestyles.

(World Health Organization, 2023)

Social activity is defined as activities that involve communicating and interacting with

others like meetings or classes, dancing, doing sports, going out to eat with family, friends,

and colleagues. Social activities bring people closer together, improving self esteem,

academic performance and decrease chances of mental illness such as depression or

anxiety, brain health and happier life.(Vincent, 2023)

Truly, it is undeniable that as digital natives, people who were born or brought up

during the age of technology, this generation is highly reliant on their mobile phones, early in

the morning till its time to sleep. This then directs to another topic, which is social media

3
addiction. Social media addiction is a behavioural disorder referring to the inability of a

person to reduce their consumption of online media.

According to Ichimura (2020), Philippines is number one on the Global Web Index

that spends most hours on social media. This refers to the time Filipinos daily use

Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and other social media platforms. Compared to the average

American Facebook user that spends 33 minutes and Japanese for 45 minutes per day,

Filipinos spend an average of almost 4 hours a day.

Even toddlers as 3-5 years old are given screen time instead of practicing their

cognitive and social skills. The families in dining tables eat using their phones, rather than

talking to their family members. Teenagers and millennials alike, scroll through their devices

than engaging conversations and socialising with people their own age. Teenagers are

stuck on playing online games instead of going outside to play and do different activities and

help with the household chores. This problem not only happens overseas, it is also faced

nationally and locally. Social media addiction occurs in many parts of the globe in today’s

time.

It is imperative for the researchers to conduct this study, due to the reason that this

problem is rampant, and has greatly affect a huge number of populations specifically in the

age range of 18-29 years old which rose to 90% as of January 1 2023 (Bronka, 2023).

Moreover, here in the locality of Bislig, Surigao del Sur, students of Maharlika

National High School are more interested on social media platforms than doing club or

sports activities of the school and community. Constant usage of phones is also observed

during class hours. The amount of time spent in their mobile games and social media

accounts such as Facebook remains to be on top of their daily schedules, leaving a small

amount of time to do essential task at school and at home. The researchers aimed to find

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the impact of social media addiction and social and physical engagement of the students.

The common relevant issues faced by the participants and provide answers as well as

solutions to this particular dilemma. Health or the overall wellbeing of today’s generation

should not be jeopardized simply because of their choice of entertainment.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the effect of social media to the social media to the Social

and Physical Engagement of Grade 11 Senior High School students of Maharlika National

High School.

Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions;

1) How often in a day do the respondents socialize?

2) How often do respondents engage in physical activities?

3) What is the reason why the respondents use social media?

1.3 Scope and Delimitation

This study will focus on covering the effects of social media to the physical

and social engagement of the students. The primary subjects of this research study

are Grade 11 students enrolled in the school year 2022-2023. The respondents will

be limited only to (82) Grade 11 students who are in the GAS and TVL strands of

Maharlika National High School of Maharlika, Bislig City.

Moreover, the participants were randomly selected several of the students

engage in social media. With their consent, they will be given a survey form with

questions needed to be answered. This study will be conducted during the month of

May-June of 2023. To get timely, relevant as well as honest answers from the

participants, the researchers will also conduct face-to-face group interview with the

students.

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1.4 Significance of the Study

This study will be useful to the following;

 Students – will learn to manage and reduce their time of social media

consumption.

 Teachers – will have the benefit of imparting their knowledge of being a

responsible social media user to the senior high school students.

 Youth – will have more knowledge on the significance of physical

engagement and social interaction in their daily living.

 Community – will have the awareness to educate and implement activities to

increase engagement of the youth in their locality.

 Parents – will be motivated to monitor the social media consumption of their

children for their health and safety.

1.5 Definition of Terms

The following terms are commonly mentioned in this study;

1. Effect – a change which is a result or a consequence of an action.

2. Social Media – are entertainment platforms that allow users to interact with others.

3. Social Media Addiction – a problem that is faced by many social media users.

4. Physical – pertains to doing activities using the body.

5. Social – pertains to how people interact and engage with their environment.

6. Engagement – is a measurement of how participants are interacting on social media

platforms.

7. Students – are the participants who engage in social media.

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8. Impact – defined as the effect of the social media to the participants physical and

social engagement.

9. Teenager – the participants who are part of the digitally active generation.

10. Time management – how the students divide their time to do certain activities.

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 CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE

2.1 Review of Related Literature

This study is designed to explore the effects of social media to the physical and

social engagement of Grade 11 Senior High School Students enrolled in Maharlika National

High School. To facilitate the more comprehensive details of this case study research

approach, review of related literature includes the following:

According to Engagement Theory introduced by Kearsley and Schneider, the theory

discusses that students are meaningfully engaged in learning activities through interaction

with others and important task not only in books and classrooms but also with the use of

technology. (Malik, 2021).

Social Media belongs to technology that aids to access of recent information,

creativity and active online participation or the learners. Ocampo (2018) found at a survey

that Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and Instagram are the most common used applications of

Filipinos. According to Desreumax (2018, it is because it is used as a tool to stay in touch

with friends, fill spare time, share videos, photos, and opinions, sell and buy products and

meet new people.

As stated by Statista Research Department (2022), Philippines is the “Social Media

Capital of the World.” In result to the 4-hour minimum time spent on different applications

like Facebook, Messenger, Twitter and Instagram. Wherein, 77% of the population are

socializing through social media than in real life that Philippines is even coined the "most

virtually social" globally. (Dela Peña, 2023).

Corresponding to this, Schneider (2019), states excessive social media use and

screen time are contributors to the lack of sleep and physical activity to teens, but Yee

8
(2019), disagrees because lack of public spaces, like sidewalks, poor planning of transport,

as well as proper environment are also factors why Philippines ranks 2nd having high

prevalence of physical inactivity.

Vannucci et al (2020), found that social media users are mostly depressed, anxious,

low self esteemed, having unhealthy lifestyle such as lack of sleep, alcohol addiction, unsafe

engagement on sexual activities and body dissatisfaction that causes eating disorders such

as bulimia and anorexia, other aspects too like lack of exercise or physical engagement,

doing activities like real life interaction specifically among adolescents where usage is at its

highest. At an alarming rate the numbers continue to increase and affect many youth world-

wide according to literatures based on year of 2013-2022 across many parts of the globe

specially on South America and Southeast Asia where usage cases remains rampant.

To answer the excessive media usage of Filipinos, government created House Bill

543 that proposes strict implementation of age requirement and parental consent, but many

find this useless since this can be manipulated by the users (Manahan, 2022). Social Media

used in moderation have many benefits such as access to education, information and

socialization. This allows users to communicate with love ones far from them, but when

misused it has negative effects on users such as addiction, revealing too much information

online and cyberbullying. (Mewarceus, 2017).

Shapper (2022) adds that social media use can contribute to social anxiety if in-

person interaction is not incorporated due to the fact that it will affect the well-being of the

users. Libretexts (2020) stresses the importance of socialization, following the Theory of

Socialization, there is no self or individuality when one is born, instead it is made from the

interaction with others and one’s environment. It is even proven that there is a correlation

between social and physical activeness because students who join in team sports are more

9
empathetic and has leadership skills. Moreover, they have better friends and great mental

health.

Van Roekel et al (2018), explains the significance of being with people we love,

interacting and enjoying their company helps avoid depression and other mental illnesses,

compared to staying with people we do not like or care about. Evanec (2022), further

indicates the downsides of lacking social interaction specially in pandemic greatly affected

how the students learn, assess themselves, and perceive life in general. (Hamilton, 2023).

Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory even suggests that socializing is important as it

promotes cognitive learning about concepts and ideas while interacting with others.

Individuals who lack of interaction decreases the ability to communicate and solve problems.

They will have hard time understanding concepts that lead to complications when they go

out and join the real world. (Cherry, 2023). To avoid such circumstance, one must balance

its time on socializing online and in real life for his or her safety and overall health.

2.2 Review of Related Studies

According to the studies of Luyun et al, (2019), entitled Social Media use and its

effect to the values of Tertiary School Students in Cagayan Valley, Philippines for Education

Program Development. Most of the students used Facebook and messenger because,

through this interaction, student can shape ideas, accumulate information, & also be

exposed to many opportunities out there. It offers them the opportunity to make friends &

also allow them to maintain their old friends. They can hint their former pals by using without

a doubt typing their names or simply indicating the school they attended.

Most of the students agreed that they got different lessons from the different stories

on social media that were posted & shared by their social media friend which serve as their

10
guide lesson in their life. Social media platforms have improved students’ social interaction

with more comprehensive networking & connection with local, national & international peers.

Students can build virtual interaction & connection, which at some point can lead to physical

contact meeting (atavanakumarad et al 2017).

As result of the study most of the students strongly agree that social media allows

them to express & it serves as a creative outlet to express themselves, share their artworks

share their stand on a specific topic; they feel connected to their families & relatives even if

they work overseas. Majority of the students agreed that using social media, it is simpler &

faster to interact with peer or teachers about the class topics & via the use of social media,

they can provide & assemble useful content material for research.

Ostic et al (2019), study entitled effects of social media use on psychological well-

being: A mediated Model states that adolescents as well as new adults are increasingly

active on social media usage. However, this study opposes by Taguba (2017), According to

her study social media can lessen their time to go out & engage to their peers or even

having a time to spend with their families.

When a student gets addicted to social networking sites, there is a breakdown in

their family ties & they most confide their thoughts & feeling in various digital media

platforms instead to their family (Bristol et al. 2017). It results to experiences of

cyberbullying, hackers, scams, and other Internet related dangers such as having their

information’s stolen or used inappropriately in exchange for trusting strangers and being

unsupervised leading to unwanted results.

According to the results of the research conducted by Bekalu et al (2019) on

association of Social Media use with Social Well-Being, Positive Mental Health, & Self-rated

Health; Disentangling Routine use from emotional connection to use, it was found out that

11
that correlation of social media usage & emotional aspect depends on one's age, education

& race.

Social media can lead to a poor influence on student’s social well-being. These

conceivable bad impacts include inappropriate interaction between students and teachers

online. It also has an effect on causal relationship with a teacher that district formal practice

throughout class time and cyberbullying. Lau (2017) entitled effects of social media usage

and social media multitasking on the academic performance of university students, student's

spending a lot of time on social networking websites can lead to a sedentary lifestyle and a

minimize in daily physical activity, which in turn can render them inclined to non

communicable ailments such as obesity, hypertension, headache, chest, and back pain

(Zau et al, 2019).

Pellegrino et al (2022)'s study, entitled Research trends in social media addiction

and problematic social media use refers to three common personality traits that is

associated to social media addiction like anxiety, depression, and extraversion. This is due

to the fact that these people find socialization through social media more appealing. As the

researchers dug deeper, there is a relation between being single and being a female to the

social media addiction as well.

Narcissistic types of people are obsessed with the social media due to the 'likes' that

can be garnered for their satisfaction, a substitute for temporary happiness. Users determine

their self-worth and validation which also creates barriers why they avoid face-to-face

interaction as a result. The study does not only focus on the bad sides but also on its pros,

shy people learn to express themselves online which is a brilliant way to interact and share

their insights and opinions whilst being comfortable in their own homes. It provides them a

space to tell what they think about certain issues. (Pellegrino et al, 2022)

12
 On a different study, The Big Picture on Instagram Research : Insights from a

bibliometric analysis by Rejeb et al (2022), too much consumption of social media also lead

to non communicable diseases like poor eyesight, obesity and carpal tunnel syndrome,

followed by greater financial problem and lower grades amongst the students in a study of

Excessive social networking sites use and online compulsive buying in young adults: the

mediating role of money attitude by (Sharif et al, 2018). Social Media is a good platform of

selling but it is not advantageous to students who still do not have jobs but compulsively buy

based on what is trending or famous because they feel pressured in order belong to their

peer, causing them to steal or frequently ask money from their parents.

Furthermore, Cho et al, (2019) entitled, A study of factors affecting the physical

activity of youth: analysis of data from the 13th youth health behavior online survey in 2017,

states among factors that affects physical inactivity of a South Korea students are smoking,

drinking, drugs and social media or internet addiction, this correlates to cases among

Filipino youth which 82.7% of 10 to 17 years old failed to meet the right Requirements for

physical engagement (Paladin et al, 2023) entitled Results from the Philippines 2022 report

card on physical activity for children and adolescents. There are positive and negative sides

of social media that affect the youth.

Social interaction instead of excessive social media usage, helps build good work

ethics among the students which makes it very valuable to enhance their ability to be able to

accept suggestion as well as build leadership skills, based on the study conducted by

Cipriano (2019) The Value of Social Interaction in the Development of Good Work Ethics in

Grade 12 General Academic Strand Students.

In conclusion, there are studies which continually examine the progressing

relationship between social media and its effects on today’s society may it be negatively and

positively, primarily on the people who take part and use it in their very lives, as it plays a

13
vital role by helping to do tasks efficiently, to the well-being of users, emotionally and

physically.

2.3 Theoretical Background

Lamorte (2022), states the Theory of Planned Behavior that all people can exert self-

control, therefore one has the ability to manage it’s time wisely whether social media usage

or other activities. This theory refers to how one person is able to control what he does, or

he is about to do. A person has right to act based on his thoughts and emotions according to

one’s desire. The researchers use this theory based on the ability of the students to

categorize, arrange, and use their time. If taught to use time wisely, students will have the

ability to reflect on what is good for themselves and improve what is lacking and reinforce

proper habits that allow them to impose a proper healthy and active lifestyle.

Therefore, one can manage its time wisely, whether social media usage and other activities.

For an example if one chooses to stay at home and use his or her digital devices instead of

socializing or vice versa, that is because he or she has the right and ability to create

decisions for own purpose and benefit. It can be inferred that engagement in social media,

physical and social engagement.

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 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

3.1 Conceptual Framework4

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

●Determine how often in a ●Craft a letter of consent ●Effect of Social

addressed to the principal. Media to the
day do the respondents
Physical Social
socialize ●Craft a letter of consent
Engagement of
addressed to the
Grade 11 Senior
●Determine how often do respondents.
High School
the respondents use social ●Craft a questionnaire Students
validated by the research
media?
adviser
●Determine the reason of ●Plan the date and time on
the respondents in using when to conduct the study

social media ●Conduct the interview

●Transcribe the data
●Report and present the
final report.

This study aims to find out if the social media usage of Grade 11 respondents affects

how the participants physically and socially engage with other people. The study will

determine the possible negative or positive impact of social media to the life or growth of

students by asking through an interview questionnaire.

3.2 Research Design

In this study, the researchers will use Descriptive qualitative to determine the

answers of Grade 11 students who were chosen as the participants regarding their social

15
media usage, such as, how long the participants use their phone, what applications is

constantly used and the duration of their physical and social activities.

3.3 Research Locale

Courtesy of Princess
Stella Marie Quijano
Captured Using
Google Maps on
May 06, 2023

Figure 2: The Maharlika National High School

This study will be conducted at Maharlika National High School at Purok 3 Barangay

Maharlika, Bislig City. The said school is located 8 kilometers from the city. The school

offers Junior and Senior High School Department, which has two strands, the General

Academic Strand (GAS) and Technical Vocational Livelihood (TVL). The TVL offers three

tracks to choose from, Computer System Services (CSS), Shielded Metal Arts and Wielding

(SMAW), and Cookery. The researchers choose the school as a research site because

Grade 11 students are affected by social media usage which affects their time management

and ability to become socially and physically active.

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3.4 Sampling Technique

This study will use Purposive random sampling, the selection of the participants is

based on computerized sampling programs to avoid bias. Purposive sampling is used by

researchers to randomly select a subset of participants from a population. Each member will

have an equal chance of being selected from all Grade 11 sections, GAS, CSS, SMAW, and

Cookery. This sampling technique will he used to obtain the data needed from the sample

size of 103 students of Grade 11 department.

3.5 Research Instruments

The research instrument to be used in this study will be survey questionnaire and

interview. The questionnaire is divided into parts. First part is student profiling or the

obtaining of personal information. The second part is the statement of purpose which

discusses the purpose of research and conditions. Lastly, the interview questionnaire which

is the most important section collects the main data and information from the respondents.

3.6 Sources of Data

The sources of data for this study are from the respondents of Grade 11 students in

Maharlika National High School, the data obtained serves as a primary source of the study

in addition to materials, like photographs and video recordings gathered during the said

observation.

3.7 Ethical Considerations

The researchers informed first-hand the Maharlika National High School’s principal

and sent a letter for consent to perform the data collection. Next, the participants were

asked for their voluntary consent and given the guarantee of anonymity and confidentiality.

Then, the respondents were given a thorough explanation of what the research conducted is

17
about and its intended purpose. The participants had the chance to explain their different

opinions on the questions given during the interview and were given assistance. Anonymity,

voluntary participation and informed consent were significant, in order to be able to conduct

the said study.

3.8 Data Collection Procedure

In data gathering process, researchers employed interview questionnaire as data

collection method of the study and follows an (8) phase procedure:

First Phase, craft Second Third Phase, Fourth

a letter of Phase, craft a craft interview Phase, plan
consent letter of questionnaire the date and
addressed to the consent validated by time to
Principal of the addressed to the research conduct the
school the adviser study
participants

Eight Phase, Seventh Sixth Phase, Fifth Phase,

report and Phase, transcribe the conduct an
present the final interpret and collected data interview
results analyze the
data

3.9 Data Analysis Procedure

The responses from participants of the study were acquired through answered

interview questionnaires and were analysed with the use of Thematic Analysis in order to

find out the respondent’s experiences, view, and opinions. In qualitative data analysis, the

researchers follow these steps; Step 1: Arrange the data, Step 2: Organize All the data,

Step 3: Set a Code to the data.

18
 CHAPTER 4
PRESENTATION OF DATA AND ANALYSIS

Introduction

This chapter present the findings of the data collected by the researchers. In

addition, this study attempts to discuss the following research question:

1. How often in a day do the students socialize?

2. How often do respondents engage in physical activities?

3. What are the reasons why the respondents use social media?

The presentation and the analysis of results are organized into sections.

4.1 The Demographic of Participants

Sections Number of Students

General Academic Strand (GAS) 22

Technical Vocational Livelihood Strand (TVL)

Computer System Services (CSS) 20

Shield and Metal Arts Wielding (SMAW) 20

Cookery 16

Total 78

Table 1. Categorizing the Participants

19
 Out of 105 students of Grade 11 in Maharlika National High School, 82 students

were chosen as respondents, the researchers obtained the sample size using the Slovin

Formula. The researchers chose 22 students out of 45 in GAS, 20 students in in CSS, 20

students out of 26 in SMAW, and 16 students in Cookery. The researchers used the

fishbowl technique to randomly choose the respondents. Out of 82 intended respondents,

only 78 were able to participate due to the reason that they were not present during the

conduct of the survey and interview.

4.2.1 Research Analysis

This part of the chapter presents the analysis of the data obtained from the

respondents. The data was extracted and analyzed according to the objectives of the study.

4.2.2 Social Media Applications and Usage

Applications Percentage of Users

Facebook 76%

Messenger 58%

Twitter 6%

Instagram 17%

Tiktok 57%

Table 2. Social Media Applications

Social Media applications were used by the students to entertain themselves and as

a tool to create their assignments since they were as young as 10 to 12 years old. The

respondents find social media effective to communicate with others and discuss different

topics with their peers. According to the survey gathered, 76% use Facebook and 58% use

Messenger out of applications like Twitter, Instagram, and other social media platforms.

“Yes, we use social media if there are assignments like research and to relieve stress.”

20
4.2.3 Excessive Use of social media and its Negative Effects

Hours Spent on social media Percentage of Users

1 hour 5%

2 hours 31%

3 hours 10%

4 hours 44%

5 hours or more 10%

Total 78

Table3. Hours Spent on social media.

There are positive aspects of social media, however it also became the reason for

the respondents to become irresponsible, distracted, and experience physical discomforts

due to prolonged exposure of cell phones and other gadgets. It also became the reason why

they refuse to do tasks like household chores and school activities like assignments.

“Yes, we feel eye strain and stomach ache for not eating, we also fail to do

assignments because we get addicted to cell phones.”

4.2.4 Effectiveness of Social Media as a Tool to Socialize

Respondents like to socialize and talk to their classmates and friends at school as

well as at home. For the students, social media allows them to reveal their ideas

comfortably without the fear of being anxious or embarrassed. The respondents answered

21
that it depends on the situation and preference whether they want to express themselves in

face to face or communicate through chats and video calling.

“Chats, because we are able to express all.”

4.2.5 Impact of Social Media Usage on Physical Activeness of the

Respondents

Table 4. Table Physical Activities done by the respondents.

In the data gathered, although the students spend an average of 2-4 hours on social

media, they still participate on activities such as household chores and sports. Often

engaging on team sports like basketball and volleyball twice or thrice a week, and male

participants often play basketball every day during class dismissal with their classmates for

fun and
Physical Activities Frequency
skill
Basketball Everyday

Volleyball Twice or thrice a week

Household chores Everyday

improvement.

“We engage in physical activities like basketball with our friends every day or every

noon.”

22
 CHAPTER 5
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary

This study was conducted for the purpose of understanding and investigating the

effects of social media to the physical and social engagement of the students. To conduct

the study, 78 students were chosen out of the total population of 105 Grade 11 students in

Maharlika National High School.

5.2 Findings
1. All of the respondents first used social media from the age of 10-12 years old.

2. Facebook and Messenger is the most used applications amongst the respondents

and they spend an average of 2-4 hours daily on social media applications.

3. The participants use social media for entertainment as well as doing school activities

such as assignments.

4. Respondents like to socialize with others at school and their own homes but

admitted that they are more expressive of their thoughts online.

23
 5. They like to engage in physical activities that involve their peers such as basketball

and volleyball.

6. When not using social media, the respondents like to do their hobbies such as

reading and watching movie series.

7. The challenges faced by the respondents due to excessive use of social media are

lack of focus, laziness to do other tasks and few physical discomforts like eye strain

and back pain.

5.3 Conclusion

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of social media to the

physical and social engagement of Grade 11 students. The results show that social

media has both positive and negative effects on all the respondents based on the

result of surveys and interview. Thus, the researchers conclude that effects of social

media depend on how it is incorporated into daily lives that must be improved, as

well as the ability to effectively manage time.

5.4 Recommendations

From the findings and conclusions, the researchers had laid recommendations

for the students, parents or guardians, teachers, educational agency and for future

researchers.

To the students – he/she should develop the sense of responsibility and management

to properly divide time to perform different tasks.

To the teachers – he/she may encourage the students to properly use social media

applications during class hours for academic purposes only.

To the parents and guardians – should increase activities that involve all family

members to increase physical activities and strengthen the bond of each individual.

24
 To the education sector – should provide more school materials and supplies like

textbook for the students in order to decrease their screen time and focus on their

academic performance instead of relying on websites and applications that hinder their

ability to analyze and study on their own.

To the future researchers – can examine the factors that affect how students manage

their time and how students perceive social media in general not just on their physical

and social engagement but in their daily lives.

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Inquirer News

APPENDIX A- RAW DATA

Sections Number of Students

General Academic Strand (GAS) 22

Technical Vocational Livelihood Strand (TVL)

Computer System Services (CSS) 20

Shield and Metal Arts Wielding (SMAW) 20

Cookery 16

Total 78

The Demographic of Participants

29
4.2.2 Social Media Applications and Usage

Applications Percentage of Users

Facebook 76%

Messenger 58%

Twitter 6%

Instagram 17%

Tiktok 57%

Table 2. Social Media Applications

Excessive Use of social media and its Negative Effect

Hours Spent on social media Percentage of Users

1 hour 5%

2 hours 31%

3 hours 10%

4 hours 44%

5 hours or more 10%

Total 78

Table 3. Hours Spent on social media.

30
 Physical Activities Frequency

Basketball Everyday

Volleyball Twice or thrice a week

Household chores Everyday

APPENDIX B- SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Below are a number of statements are designed to find out how you use social media

such as how many hours you spend using applications. Please read carefully and check

the boxes of your choice.

1.Do you use social media?

Yes No

2. How many hours do you spend your time on social media?

31
 1 2 3 4 More:

3. What application do you often use?

Facebook Twitter Instagram TikTok Messenger

4. How do you spend your time when you are not using social media?

Play with friends Spend time with family Do sports activity.

Do hobbies.

5. Which among the choices do you find more important as a student’s?

Using social media apps and scrolling in it all day Socializing with other

people Doing physical activities like sports, chores and playing with friends.

INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE

1. What age did you start using phone and what was the first social media

application did you use?

2. Which do you spend time most, your school activities or using your phone?

3. As a student, do you properly manage your time or have plan for your day?

4. Do you often engage in physical activities like sports? What sports and how often

in a day or a week?

5. Do you often socialize with others? Why?

6. How do you use social media?

32
7. When interacting with others which do you prefer? Face to face interaction or

using social media applications for messaging and video call? Why?

8. Do you feel body pain such as eye strain, back pain and headaches when using

phone for long periods of time?

9. As a student’s how does social media help you?

10. Does social media hinder you to focus on important task like household chores

and school activities? If yes, how so?

APPENDIX C- LETTER

33
 APPENDIX D
Curriculum Vitae

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Name: Darlene T. Magno

34
Age: 17 years old

Address: San Rafael Maharlika, Bislig City

Birthday: November 12, 2005

Fathers Name: Rudy Magno

Mothers Name: Maggie Magno

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Primary: Bingcongan Integrated School

Bingcongan, Bigaan, Hinatuan, Surigao del Sur

Secondary: Bincongan Integrated School

Bincongan, Bigaan, Hinatuan, Surigao del Sur

Maharlika National High School

PERSONAL INFORMATION:

Name: Clear Vergil A. Dumas

Address: P-4 Sanyata San Roque Bslig City

35
Age: 17

Birthday: August 11, 2005

Mother’s Name: Nancy A. Dumas

Father’s Name: Benjamin Dumas

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:

Primary: Sanyata Elementary School

Sanyata San Roque Bislig City

Secondary: Maharlika National High School

Maharlika, Bislig City Surigao del Sur

P- 3 Maharlika, Bislig City Surigao del Sur

PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME: Princess Stella Marie Quijano

Address: San Vicente, Mantaban Bislig City

36
Age:17 years old

Birthday: September 29, 2005

Father’s Name: Benjie Quijano Sr

Mother’s Name: Maricel Ombayan Quijano

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Primary: Bulacao Community Elementary School

Villa Mangga, Bulacao Pardo Cebu City

Secondary: Bulacao Community High School

Talisay, Bulacao Pardo

Maharlika National High School

P-3 Maharlika, Bislig City Surigao del Sur

PERSONAL INFORMATION

NAME: Bevelyn E. Calimbo

Address: P2 Sanyata San Roque Bislig City

Age: 17 years old

Birthday: February 5, 2006

37
Mother’s Name: Efipania L. Calimbo

Father’s Name: Alfredo S. Calimbo

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Primary: Sanyata Elementary School

P-3 Sanyata San Roque Bislig City

Secondary: Maharlika National High School

P-3 Maharlika, Bislig City, Surigao del Sur

PERSONAL INORMATION:
Name: Jay Renan Preja

38
Address: P-3 San Lorenzo Ruiz San Roque Bislig City
Age: 17 years old
Birthday: June 23, 2006
Mother’s Name: Sheryl O. Pareja
Father’s Name: Ramel G. Pareja
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
Primary: San Roque Central Elementary School
P-6 San Roque, Bislig City
Secondary: Maharlika National High School
P- 3 Maharlika Bislig City

39