WTW 124: Selected Answers to Chapter 1 (1.5 and 1.

6)

EXERCISE 1.5
π
1(a) 2
π
1(b) 6
5π
1(c) 6

1(d) 0

1(e) The angle is undefined; The two rays do not have the same origin.
π
1(f) 3
π
1(g) 4
3π
1(h) 4

1(i) arccos(1/3)
π
2(a) 2
π
2(b) 6
π
2(c) 3
5π
2(d) 6
π
2(e) 4
2π
2(f) 3
π
2(g) 3

3(a) α = 1 and α = 7
√ √
3(b) α = −2 + 6. Note that α = −2 − 6 is not a solution of the equation that you get from
the cosine law.
√
4± 21
3(c) 5

3(d) No such α exists.

3(e) No such α exists. Note that neither α = 1 nor α = 7 is a solution for the equation you get
from the cosine law.
√ √
3(f) α = −2 2 − 2. Note that α = 2 2 − 2 is not a solution for the equation that you get from
the cosine law.

3(g) − 12
p √
4(a) Cosine rule: kā − c̄k = 13 − 6 3

4(b) Cosine rule: No such triangle exists.

√
4(c) Cosine rule: kā − c̄k = 5

4(d) Apply the Cosine rule twice, once for the angle at ā and once for the angle at c̄: kā − b̄k = 6

5. Hint: Use the cosine rule.

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 6. Hint: Use the cosine rule.

7. Hint: Apply the cosine rule twice, once for the angle at ā and once for the angle at c̄. You
should get
(kb̄ − c̄k − kb̄ − āk)(kb̄ − c̄k + kb̄ − āk + kā − c̄k cos θ) = 0.
Carefully explain why the second term is not equal to 0, and conclude that kb̄−c̄k−kb̄−āk = 0.
[HINT: Use Theorem 1.4.2]

8. Hint: Apply the cosine rule twice, once for the angle at ā and once for the angle at c̄.

9. Hint: Use Question 8.

10. Hint: Use Question 7.

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 EXERCISE 1.6

1(a) Yes.

1(b) Yes.

1(c) No.

1(d) No.

1(e) Yes.

1(f) No.

2(a) Lines intersect in a single point (show this). Use Theorem 1.6.7.
{h0, 1, 3i + th−1, 1, 2i + sh2, 1, 1i : t, s ∈ R}.

2(b) Lines intersect in a single point (show this). Use Theorem 1.6.7.
{h1, 0, −1i + th1, 2, 2i + sh2, 1, 6i : t, s ∈ R}.

2(c) No such plane exists. Show that the lines do not intersect, and that they are not parallel.
Now use Theorem 1.6.10.

2(d) Show that the lines are parallel. Now use Theorem 1.6.10.
{h0, 0, 0i + th1, 0, 0i + sh0, 1, 0i : t, s ∈ R}.

3. Hint: The proof involves two tasks: Show that L1 ⊆ P and L2 ⊆ P . To prove, say L1 ⊆ P ,
you must show: If x̄ ∈ L1 then x̄ ∈ P .

4(a) To show that P is a plane, apply Theorem 1.6.9 to the points p̄, q̄ and b̄. To show that
L1 ⊆ P and L2 ⊆ P , apply Theorem 1.6.6.

4(b) Apply Theorem 1.6.9 to the points p̄, q̄ and b̄.

5(a) i. Look at the last coordinate. Remember, L1 and L2 are contained in P !

5(a) ii. What if they were both zero? What would the set L2 look like in this case?

5(a) iii. Try proof by contradiction: Assume that b2 q1 − q2 b1 = 0 and show that L1 is parallel to L2 .

5(a) iv. Solve for the point of intersection, like you would, if you knew the equations of the straight
lines.

5(b) Explain why the following two statements cannot be true at the same time: (1) L1 and L2
are parallel. (2) L1 and L2 do not intersect.