Active VS passive voice
Active voice
 Present simple
(+) S + V1/V1s-es
The company employs five people.
(-) S + don’t/doesn’t + V1
My mother doesn’t cook the dinner.
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + O ?
Do you play the piano?
(?) W-H words* + do/does + S + V1 + O ?
How do you write that book?
*) what, where, why, who, when, how
 Past simple
(+) S + V2
The company employed five people.
(-) S + didn’t + V1
My mother didn’t cook the dinner.
(?) Did + S + V1 + O ?
Did you play the piano?
(?) W-H words* + did + S + V1 + O ?
How did you write that book?
 Present continuous / Present progressive
(+) S + be (is/am/are) + Ving + O
I’m cooking pasta for lunch.
(-) S + be (is/am/are) + “not” + Ving + O
She’s currently not writing an essay.
 Present perfect
(+) S + be (has/have) + V3 + O
I have watched this movie before.
(-) S + be (has/have) + “not” + V3 + O
My friends haven’t eaten spaghetti before.
 Future simple (will) / sentence with
modals (should/must/can)
(+) S + “will/must/should/can” + V1 + O
9D will lead the morning prayer.
(-) S + “will/must/should/can” + “not” + V1 + O
We shouldn’t do homework at school.
Passive voice
 Present simple
(+) S + be (is/am/are) + V3 + “by” O
Five people are employed by the company.
(-) S + be (is/am/are) + “not” + V3 + “by” O
The dinner isn’t cooked by my mother.
(?) be (is/am/are) + S + V3 + “by” O ?
Is the piano played by you?
(?) W-H words + be (is/am/are) + S + V3 + “by” O ?
How is that book written?
 Past simple
(+) S + be (was/were) + V3 + “by” O
Five people were employed by the company.
(-) S + be (was/were) + “not” + V3 + “by” O
The dinner wasn’t cooked by my mother.
(?) be (was/were) + S + V3 + “by” O ?
Was the piano played by you?
(?) W-H words + be (was/were) + S + V3 + “by” O ?
How was that book written?
 Present continuous / Present progressive
(+) S + be (is/am/are) + being + V3 + “by” O
Pasta is being cooked for lunch.
(-) S + be (is/am/are) + “not” + being + V3 + “by” O
An essay isn’t being written currently.
 Present perfect
(+) S + be (has/have) + “been” + V3 + “by” O
This movie has been watched before.
(-) S + be (has/have) + “not” + “been” + V3 + “by” O
Spaghetti hasn’t been eaten by my friends.
 Future simple (will) / sentence with
modals (should/must/can)
(+) S + “will/must/should/can” + “be” + V3 +
“by” O
The morning prayer will be led by 9D.
(-) S + “will/must/should/can” + “not” + “be” + V3 + “by” O
Homework shouldn’t be done at school.
Active VS passive voice