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Linear elastic
fracture mechanics

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CÁC GIẢ THUYẾT

- Môi trường đồng nhất (homogeneous/ homogène); đẳng hướng
(isotropic/isotrope); đàn hồi tuyến tính (linear elastic / élastique linéaire)
 chỉ cần môđun Young (E) và hệ số poisson (v). Tồn tại vùng biến dạng
dẻo rất nhỏ khi xày ra rạn nứt
- Bỏ qua các lực do gia tốc và thể tích (không xem xét phá hủy động –
dynamic rupture / rupture dynamique)
- Giới hạn trong mô phỏng 2D: ứng suất phẳng (plane stress / contrainte
plane); biến dạng phẳng (plane strain /déformation plane); biến dạng
ngoài mặt phẳng (déformation anti-plane)

MODE I&II: 2D DEFORMATION PLANE

MODE I: ??? (GiỮA TẤM DÀY) / CONTRAINTE PLANE (-->
TẤM MỎNG HOẶC GẦN BỀ MẶT NGOÀI
MODE II: ??? TẤM DÀY)
MODE III: ??? MODE III: 2D ANTI-PLANE DEFORMATION

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2 Stress concentration factor

Geometric irregularities (changes in cross-sections)

are a must in most of machine components:
shoulders for bearings, key slots for mounting gears
and pulleys, threads, and splines. Any change in
cross-section alters the stress distribution and
increases the stress.

Discontinuities are called stress

raisers and areas where they occur
Stress distribution near a hole in a are called stress concentration
plate loaded in tension.

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Definition

“nominal stress” are generally calculated

using net section!
Stress distribution near a hole in a
plate loaded in tension.

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Example

Stress distribution near a hole in a

plate loaded in tension.

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CASE: Plate with an Elliptic Symmetric Hole

Assumption (Inglis): influence of the plate boundary

is negligible
 • b << h

h • a << w
2a
2a a b2
K t  1  1 2 
b  a
2b radius of curvature at the
tip of the major axis

 
a
a  b  K t  2 sharp crack


due to the geometry of the hole

“Stress concentration”
does not have any material properties associated with
(A hole in either aluminum or PVC will have a same stress -
  0    Kt    independent of the material!)
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ONLINE CALCULATION_STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTORS

https://www.efatigue.com/constantamplitude/stressconcentration/

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Example
1. A large panel requires a hole of a certain size in it. To keep the stress
concentration under a uniaxial load to a minimum, would you want to
put in a round hole with radius of 1 cm, or an elliptical hole with major
axis of 1 cm and minor axis of 0.5 cm?

SOLUTION:

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Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

R 1.25mm d 5mm

100N 100N
D1 = 15mm D2 = 10mm

t=2mm

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Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

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Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

SOLUTION:

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2 Stress concentration factor

Example
2. A bar machined from an ASTM No. 20 cast iron, a brittle material, is
subjected to a static axial load. Find the critical section of the bar.

SOLUTION:

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