Question 1: Which of the following does not represent electrical power in a circuit?

(a) I2R

(b) IR2

(c) VI

(d) V2/R

Answer 1: b) IR2

Explanation:

Electrical power is represented by the expression P = VI. (Equation 1)

According to Ohm’s law,

V = IR

Putting the value of V in ( Equation 1), we get

P = (IR) × I

P = I2R

Similarly, from Ohm’s law,

I = V/R

Putting the value of I in (Equation 1),

P = V × V/R = V2/R

It is thus clear that the equation IR2 does not represent electrical power in a circuit. Electric power is
the rate, per unit time, at which electrical energy is transferred by an electric circuit.

Question 2: An electric bulb is rated 220 V and 100 W. When it is operated on 110 V, the power
consumed will be _____.

(a) 75 W

(b) 100 W

(c) 50 W

(d) 25 W

Answer 2: (d) 25 W

Explanation:
This expression demonstrates how much energy the electric bulb consumes.

P = VI = V2/R

The given formula can be used to calculate the light bulb’s resistance:

R = V2/P

Putting the values, we get

R = (220)2/100 = 484 Ω

The resistance generally does not change when the voltage supply is decreased. Consequently, the
amount of electricity used can be determined as follows:

P = V2/R

Putting the values, we get

P = (110)2 V/484 Ω = 25 W

As a result, the electric bulb uses 25 W of power when it is operating at 110 V.

Question 3: What is the maximum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of 1/5
Ω?

(a) 5 Ω

(b) 10 Ω

(c) 1/5 Ω

(d) 1 Ω

Answer 3: (d) 1 Ω

Explanation: Resistance is maximum when resistors are connected in series.

R= 15+15+15+15+15

= 55

= 1Ω

Question 4: If the current ‘I’ through a resistor is increased by 100% (assuming that the
temperature remains unchanged), the approximate increase in power dissipated will be

(a) 400 %

(b) 200 %

(c) 300 %
(d) 100 %

Answer 4: (c) 300 %

Explanation: The amount of heat produced by a resistor is inversely proportional to the square of the
current. Therefore, the loss of heat will multiply by 2=4 when the current doubles. Accordingly, there
will be a 300% increase.

Question 5: A piece of wire of resistance R is cut into five equal parts. These parts are then
arranged in parallel. If the equivalent resistance of this combination is R′, then the ratio R/R′ is
_____.

(a) 5

(b) 1/5

(c)1/25

(d) 25

Answer 5: d) 25

Explanation:

The resistance is divided into five halves, each of which has a resistance of R/5.

Since we are aware that each component is linked to the others in parallel, we can compute the
equivalent resistance as follows:

1R’ = 5R + 5R + 5R + 5R +5R

= 5 + 5+ 5+ 5+ 5R = 25R

RR’ = 25

The ratio of R/R′ is 25.

Question 6: The correct representation of the series combination of cells (Figure 12.4) obtaining
maximum potential is

(a) (i)

(b) (ii)

(c) (iii)

(d) (iv)

Answer 6: (a)

A cell’s positive terminal needs to be connected to the neighbouring cell’s negative terminal. The
appropriate cell combination is represented by case I.
 Question 7: Two pieces of conducting wire of the same material and of equal lengths and the
equal diameters are first connected in series and then changed to parallel in a circuit across
the same potential difference. The ratio of heat produced in both series and parallel
combinations would be _____.

(a) 1:2

(b) 4:1

(c) 1:4

(d) 2:1

Answer 7: (c)

Let Rs and Rp represent the wires’ respective equivalent resistances when linked in series and parallel.

The ratio of the heat generated in the circuit is provided by

HsHp = V2Rs tV2Rpt = Rp Rs

The equivalent resistance (Rs) of resistors connected in series is R + R = 2R

The equivalent resistance (Rp) of resistors connected in parallel is 1R + 1R = R2

Hence, the estimated ratio of the heat produced in series and parallel combinations would be

HpHs = R22R = 14

Thus, the ratio of the heat produced is 1:4.

Question 8: What is the minimum resistance which can be made using five resistors each of
1/5 Ω?

(a) 1/5 Ω

(b) 1/25 Ω

(c) 1/10 Ω

(d) 25 Ω

Answer 8: (b) 1/25 Ω

Explanation:

Resistance is the minimum when resistors are connected in parallel

1R= 5 + 5 + 5 +5 +5= 25 Ω

R=125Ω
Question 9: A person carries out an experiment and thus plots the V-I graph of three taken
samples of nichrome wire with different resistances R1, R2 and R3, respectively (Figure.12.5).
Which one of the following is true?

(a) R1 = R2 = R3

(b) R1 > R2 > R3

(c) R3 > R2 > R1

(d) R2 > R3 > R1

Answer 9: (c)

The graph’s slope is 1R because the current (I) is plotted on the y-axis, and the potential difference (V)
is plotted on the x-axis. It implies that the less resistance, the steeper the slope. R1 will therefore be
the minimum and R3 the maximum.

Question 10: Two resistors of resistance 2 Ω and 4 Ω, when connected to a battery, will have

(a) the same potential difference across them when connected in series

(b) same current flowing through them when connected in series

(c) same current flowing through them when connected in parallel

(d) different p

Answer 10: (b) same current flowing through them when connected in series

Explanation:

Since the resistor gets a common current in a series arrangement, the current is not split into
branches.

Question 1: Choose the wrong statement from the following regarding magnetic lines of the
field

(a) Magnetic field lines are closed curves.

(b) The north pole of a magnetic compass is used to determine the direction of the magnetic
field at a particular location.

(c) If magnetic field lines are parallel and equidistant, they represent zero-field strength.

(d) The degree of closeness of the field lines indicates the relative strength of the magnetic
field.

Answer 1: (c)
Explanation: (c) is wrong because parallel lines of magnetic field represent a uniform magnetic
field.

Question 2: The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is

 the process of generating a magnetic field due to current passing through a coil.
 the process of charging a body.
 producing induced current in a coil due to relative motion between a magnet and the
coil.
 the process of rotating a coil of an electric motor.
Answer 2: (c)

Explanation: Emitting current into a coil as a result of the coil and magnet’s relative motion is a
phenomenon known as electromagnetic induction.

Question 3: For a current in a long straight solenoid, North and South poles are created at the
two ends. Among the given statements, the incorrect statement is:

(a) The N- and S-poles exchange position when the direction of current through the solenoid is
reversed.

(b) Since the field lines inside the solenoid are all straight lines, the magnetic field must be
uniform over the whole solenoid.

(c) The pattern of the magnetic field associated with the solenoid is different from the pattern
of the magnetic field around a bar magnet.

(d) When a piece of a magnetic substance, such as soft iron, is placed inside the coil, the
powerful magnetic field created inside the solenoid can be used to magnetise the piece.

Answer 3: (c)

Explanation:

The magnetic field associated with the solenoid has the same pattern as the magnetic bar
surrounding a bar magnet because it behaves like a bar magnet.

Question 4: If the key in the arrangement given below is taken out (i.e. the circuit is made
open) and magnetic field lines are drawn over the horizontal plane ABCD, the lines are

(a) concentric circles.

(b) straight lines parallel to each other.

(c) elliptical in shape.

(d) As we go away from point O, the circles become elliptical as opposed to concentric.

Answer 4: (b)

Explanation:
 1. Once the key is removed, then the circuit will become an open circuit and there will be no
current in the circuit, therefore, there will be no magnetic field in the circuit.
2. The earth’s magnetic field will be the only magnetic field present in that region and the field
due to it will be straight lines parallel to each other over the horizontal plane ABCD.
3. Also, for a small part, magnetic field lines are uniform and constant, and this leads to
equidistant and parallel magnetic field lines. Thus, the lines will be straight lines parallel to
each other
Hence the correct option is option C.

Question 5: A circular loop, when placed in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the paper,
may carry a current when the key is ON. The current, as seen from points A and B (in the plane
of the paper and on the axis of the coil), is anticlockwise and clockwise, respectively. The
magnetic field lines point from B to A. The North pole of the resultant magnet is on the face
close to

(a) A.

(b) B.

(c) B when the current is small and A if the current is large.

(d) A if the current is small, and B if the current is large.

Answer 5: (a) A

Explanation:

Based on the right-hand thumb rule:

 From the right-hand thumb rule, it can be shown that magnetic lines of force emerge from the
face close to A, and go into the face close to B.
 The magnetic fields emerge from the north pole of the magnet and go into the south pole.
Hence the correct answer is option A.

Question 6: Commercial electric motors do not use

(a) an effectively large number of turns of conducting wire in the current-carrying coil.

(b) a soft iron core on which the coil is wound.

(c) a permanent magnet to rotate the armature.

(d) an electromagnet to rotate the armature.

Answer 6: (c)

Explanation:

Electromagnets are utilised in electric motors in place of permanent magnets.

Question 7: Suppose that a uniform magnetic field exists in the plane of paper pointing from
left to right. In the field, an electron and a proton move, as shown. The electron and the proton
experience

(a) forces both pointings into the plane of the paper.

(b) forces pointing into the plane of the paper and out of the plane of the paper, respectively.

(c)force pointing opposite and along the direction of the uniform magnetic field, respectively.

(d) forces both pointing out of the plane of the paper.

Answer 7: (a)

Explanation:

In contrast to how an electron travels, electric current moves in the other direction. This will result in a
rising trend. If the index finger displays the direction of the magnetic field, the thumb is pressed into
the paper, and the ring finger shows the direction of the current.

Question 8: The device used for producing electric current is called a

1. generator
2. galvanometer
3. ammeter
4. motor
Answer 8: (1)

Explanation: The term “generator” refers to the machine that generates an electric current. Electric
energy is produced by a generator using mechanical energy.

Question 9: The essential difference between an AC generator and a DC generator is that:

1. An AC generator will generate a higher voltage.

2. An AC generator has an electromagnet, while a DC generator has a permanent magnet.
3. A DC generator will generate a higher voltage.
4. An AC generator has slip rings, while the DC generator has a commutator.
Answer 9: (4)

Explanation: While DC generators have two half rings known as the commutator, AC generators have
two rings known as the slip rings. The primary distinction between an AC generator and a DC
generator is this.

Question 10: At the time of the short circuit, the current in circuit

1. varies continuously.
2. Reduces substantially.
3. Increases heavily.
4. Does not change.
Answer 10: (c)
Explanation: The amount of current flowing in the circuit increases abruptly when two bare wires in
the circuit come into contact with one another, causing a short circuit.

Question 11: Which of the following correctly describes the magnetic field near a long straight
wire?

 The field consists of radial lines originating from the wire.

 The field consists of straight lines perpendicular to the wire.
 The field consists of straight lines parallel to the wire.
 The field consists of concentric circles centred on the wire.
Answer 11: (d)

Explanation: Concentric circles can be seen in the magnetic field around a long, straight wire. The
cable supports their centres.

Question 12: Choose the correct option.

A rectangular coil of copper wires is rotated in a magnetic field. The direction of the induced
current changes once in each

1. one revolution
2. one-fourth revolution
3. half revolution
4. two revolutions
Answer 12: (c)

Explanation: The direction of the induced current changes once per half revolution when a
rectangular coil is rotated in a magnetic field. As a result, the coil’s current flow continues in the same
direction.

Question 13: Choose the INCORRECT statement

(a) There is a difference between direct and alternating currents in that the former always
flows in one direction while the latter occasionally does the opposite.

(b) To determine the direction of magnetic fields caused by current-carrying conductors, apply
the right-hand thumb rule.

(c) Fleming’s right-hand rule is a simple rule to know the direction of induced current

(d) the AC changes direction after every 1/50 second in India

Answer 13: (d)

Explanation:

In India, the AC frequency is 50 Hz. Every cycle, the direction switches twice, so a change in direction
occurs every 1/100 second.

Question 14: Choose the correct option.

The magnetic field inside a long straight solenoid-carrying current:

 1. Increases as we move towards its end.
2. Decreases as we move towards its end.
3. Is zero.
4. Is the same at all points.
Answer 14: (4)

Since the magnetic field inside a long solenoid carrying a straight current is consistent, it remains
constant throughout.

Question 15: A positively-charged particle (alpha-particle) projected towards the west is

deflected towards the north by a magnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field is

1. downward
2. towards east
3. towards south
4. upward
Answer 15: (d)

The magnetic field direction can be determined using Fleming’s Left Hand Rule. As per the rule, if we
arrange our left thumb, forefinger, and middle finger right perpendicular to each other, the thumb
pointing in the direction of the magnetic force, the middle finger pointing in the direction of the
current, and the forefinger points in the direction of the magnetic field. The direction of the current
will correspond to the path of positively charged particles, which travel westward. The magnetic field
will be upward since the magnetic force is directed northward, according to Fleming’s Left Hand Rule.

Question 16: As shown in Figure 13.4, there are two coils wound on a non-conducting cylindrical
rod. The key is not inserted initially. Then the key is inserted and removed later. Then

(a) The galvanometer’s deflection is constant throughout.

(b)There are brief, transitory galvanometer deflections that all point in the same direction

(c) The galvanometer briefly deflects, but it quickly disappears, and the key being removed has
no impact.

(d) there are momentary galvanometer deflections that die out shortly; the deflections are in
opposite directions

Answer 16: (d)

Explanation:

The galvanometer shows a deflection when the key is plugged in, and if we unplug the galvanometer,
the deflection direction changes.