THE CONTEXT OF

COMMUNICATION:
TYPES OF SPEECH
AND SPEECH STYLE
Identify the different types of
speeches;
Differentiate the functions of
every speech variety in
delivering a speech; and
Demonstrate acquired
knowledge by delivering a
speech.
Types of
Speech
 Types of Speech According to
Purpose

INSPIRATION

ENTERTAINMENT

PERSUASIVE
INFORMATIVE
 Expository/Informative Speech

Types of
Speech • aims to instruct and
According educate by explaining,
to Purpose describing, or giving
information to the
listeners.
 Expository/Informative Speech

Types of • A good expository speech

Speech does not only impart
According knowledge, but also clarifies
to Purpose information and secures the
audience’s understanding.
 Expository/Informative Speech
• The speech must include
Types of accurate facts, figures, and
Speech statistics hence the use of
According slides, charts, figures, and
to Purpose other instructional materials
could tremendously assist the
speaker to attain his objective
of educating the crown.
 Exploratory/Informative Speech

• Informative speech facilitates information

sharing by answering who, when, what
where, why, how to and how does questions.
• It intends to educate the audience through
providing information about a particular
topic or subject.
 Ways of Informing an Audience

SPEECH
OF
SPEECH DEMONS
OF TRATION
SPEECH
DESCRIP-
OF
TION
EXPLANA
TION
 SPEECH OF DESCRIPTION
• It is meant to help the listeners understand
a topic in a more in-depth manner by
providing the following in an organized
way:
 new data
 data that are not readily available to
everyone
 data already know to the audience but
looked at in a different way
Scuba diver giving Instruction

Tour Guiding the visitors

Public Speaker telling about his

personal experiences
 SPEECH OF EXPLANATION

 It clarifies audience how a process is done.

This focuses on the description of the
procedure. This is similar to an expert
explaining the process of how candles are
made but not telling you the exact steps on
how to make it.
 How good management of
finances saves money.

How meditation helps one to

obtain inner peace.

How the body reacts when

we are in love.
 SPEECH OF DEMONSTRATION

 The how to speech.

 The speaker instructs the listeners the step
by step procedure on how to do things.
 Describes how something is made, done, or
works.
 How to bake a cake.

How to create Lesson Plan.

How to dissect a frog.

Question to Ponder!

Should I use each type or category one at

a time during my speech?
 Persuasive Speech
• aims to convince the
Types of
listeners about a particular
Speech
issue that you believe in.
According • This speech uses sound
to Purpose
reasoning, solid evidence,
facts, and examples, and
quotes from experts.
 Persuasive Speech

Types of • With these, it is easier to

Speech make the audience accept
your point of view, or take a
According
to Purpose particular action.
 Persuasive Speech

Types of • A good persuasive speaker

Speech speaks with conviction and
clear language and cites his
According
to Purpose sources properly.
 Persuasive Speech
• One best way to convince the
Types of
audiences is through the
Speech
application of ethos, pathos,
According and logos in your speech style.
to Purpose
 Persuasive Speech
Ethos is a way of convincing your
Types of audience of your credibility as a
Speech writer. The speaker’s level of
education, accolades received,
According events/seminars attended are just
to Purpose few affiliations that could influence
the crowd’s perception be persuaded
by the communicator.
 Persuasive Speech
Pathos is the appeal to our
Types of human emotions. We are more
Speech often moved by our emotions
than by logic or common sense,
According
to Purpose so pathos is a powerful mode of
persuasion.
 Persuasive Speech

Types of
Logos is about the facts
Speech
we present in our writing
According and the logical manner in
to Purpose which we present our
ideas.
You can establish ethos—or
credibility—in two basic ways:
you can use or build your own
credibility on a topic, or you
can use credible sources,
which, in turn, builds your
credibility as a writer.
 We appeal to logos by
presenting a line of
reasoning in our arguments
that is logical and clear.
We use evidence, such as
statistics and factual
information, when we
appeal to logos.
Appealing to pathos is about
appealing to your audience’s
emotions. You can also use
emotions such as humor, joy
or even frustration, to note a
few, in order to convince your
audience.
 EXAMPLE #1
Ethos: ‘Buy my old car because I’m
Lebron James.’
Logos: ‘Buy my old car because yours is
broken and mine is the only one on sale.’
Pathos: ‘Buy my old car or this cute little
kitten, afflicted with a rare degenerative
disease, will expire in agony, for my car is
the last asset I have in the world, and I
am selling it to pay for kitty’s medical
treatment.’
 EXAMPLE #2
Ethos: People will purchase Safeguard
since it is endorsed by Julia Barreto.
Logos: ‘People will purchase safeguard
because 9 out of 10 Filipinos are using
the brand.’
Pathos: ‘People will purchase safeguard
over the other soaps because 50% of the
sales will be donated to the victim of
Marawi siege.
 Entertainment Speech
Types of aims to amuse the audience and
Speech make them enjoy, smile, and even
laugh at your message. An
According entertainment speech deals with
to one topic – one that is interesting
Purpose and easy to understand by the
audience and uses simple, vivid,
and picturesque language.
 Entertainment Speech
Types of
Speech A good entertainment
speaker uses bodily
According movements and delivers
to punch lines at the right time.
Purpose
 Entertainment Speech
• This aims to make audience relax, smile,
laugh and enjoy the occasion while learning
a lesson or two.
• It can also contain drama or a delightful
storytelling.
• Give mocking comments on perfectly
ordinary things, persons, places, values or
thoughts
 INSPIRATIONAL SPEECH
• It is a way to stir up people's higher-order
values and plant positive and valid ideals in
life.
• An Inspirational speech is written to
persuade, or convince the listeners, that they
can succeed.
• Provides the listener with the desire and
confidence to pursue difficult goals to
maximize their own potential.
 Too many of us are not living for our
dreams because
we are living our fears.
- Les Brown
People often say that motivation
doesn’t last. Neither does bathing –
that’s why we recommend it daily.
- Zig Ziglar
Some injuries heal more quickly if you
keep moving.
- Nick Vujicic
 Four (4) Key Ingredient in Preparing
Speeches

Audience Time
Adaptivity Mindfulness

Preparation Occasion
Adaptivity
Which Delivery Method
is appropriate for my
Speech?
 Glossophobia
Fun
fact
for
you!
You better overcome that before
it becomes a major problem!
Types of Speech
According to
Manner of
Delivery
 Types of Speech According to delivery

Extemporane-
ous Speech
Manuscript
Speech Impromptu
Speech
Memorized
Speech Speech
 Public Speaking
Types of Whether it is in front of a group of
Speech people you already know or a
According crowd of complete strangers, your
to Manner of ability to communicate to them
Delivery
with clarity and confidence is
known as your public speaking
skills.
 Public Speaking
Types of Purposeful and meant for
Speech celebratory, entertainment,
According
to Manner of influencing, or informative
Delivery purposes.
 Manuscript Speech
Types of
Speech • is the written or typed
According text of a speech prepared
to Manner of ahead of time. It is most
Delivery often used in conferences
or meetings where the
proceedings will appear
in the official record.
 Manuscript Speech
Types of
Speech
• Government officials,
According Newscasters, valedictory
to Manner of address are just few
Delivery samples of this variety.
 Manuscript Speech
Types of
Speech • You need to deliver it
exactly as written.
According • Planned and rehearsed
to Manner of
Delivery intended to be read aloud in
front of people.
 Manuscript Speech
Types of • This method involves reading a
Speech speech verbatim and is
typically used when there is a
According time constraint or the speech
to Manner of
Delivery will be telecast.
• Highlight words and do not
simply “parrot” the words..
Widely used by:
 Advantages Disadvantages
• Precise wording can • Skip preparation
be planned; exact process.
repetition of original • It may discourage the
words. use of nonverbal
cues which may
• Timing of the speech
result to a dull
can be down to
speech presentation.
seconds.
 Memorized Speech
Types of A memorized speech is one
Speech
that is delivered from
According memory. A speech is
to Manner of
Delivery written and memorized
prior to the delivery time.
 Memorized Speech
Types of Politicians and actors usually
Speech
commit to memorization that
According demands them to include
to Manner of proper inflection and
Delivery
expression when delivering a
memorized speech.
 Memorized Speech
Types of • A written speech that a
Speech speaker commits to memory
word-for-word.
According • A memorized speech works
to Manner of
Delivery best for the introduction of a
guest, acceptance of award or
recognition, toast, eulogy,
tribute, and the like.
Widely used by:
 Advantages of Delivering a
Memorized Speech
You don’t need notes anymore.
You can plan gestures, facial
expressions, and movement.
You can concentrate on visual
aids and props.
You will feel more confident.
Disadvantages of the Memorized
Speech
Forgetting what you are
supposed to say.
Memorized the speech
mechanically.
You might focus on content.
You might be too tied in
remembering your script.
 Tips in Memorizing a Speech

Break it down: Focus on one

paragraph at a time.
Identify keys: Identify a key
point in every paragraph.
Speak out: Recite your speech
over and over while memorizing
it.
 Tips in Memorizing a Speech

Have a break: Take a break for

some hours or for a day.
Record and listen: Record
yourself delivering the speech
and listen to it.
Use note cards: Write one key
point on one note card.
 Impromptu Speech
Types of
Speech is a speech delivered with
little or no preparation at
According all from the speaker. The
to Manner
of Delivery
person may have to speak
in a few minutes.
 Impromptu Speech
Types of The communicator must be
Speech clear about his main point and
purpose for speaking. It is an
According advantage to support the main
to Manner point with various concrete
of Delivery
examples. Being composed and
organize is highly need in this
speech.
 Impromptu Speech
Types of  Delivered with little or no time
Speech for preparation.
 No prior planning, no notes, you
According
to Manner of
just do it.
Delivery  There will come a time for all of
us when we are asked to “say a
few words ” without much
preparation.
 Class Oral Recitation
Self-introductions in group
IMPROMPTU settings
SPEECH can Interviews
be… Surprise questions from
teachers.
STRATEGIES YOU MAY USE IN
IMPROMPTU SPEECH:
Story-Message-Gain (SMG)
Position-Reason-Example-
Position (PREP)
Past-Present-Future (PPF)
Compare-Contrast
 Story-Message-Gain (SMG)
what decisions in life delivered
you into trouble?

Story Message Gain

Opening Main Conclusion
Statement Message
 Position-Reason-Example-Position (PREP)

Reason Example Position

Position Simply because Say for instance,
in America.
Therefore, we
it would be must not allow
It is agreeable devastating for People grieve so
much because mercy killing
that the family to
be normalized
they have this
euthanasia see their
parents, sibling,
kind of freedom in our setting
should never to take anybody’s here in the
pets life according to
be approved in deliberately die Philippines.
their own timeline.
our country. before their
eyes.
 Past-Present-Future (PPF)

In the past, I was not

comfortable in making
impromptu speeches because I
could not think right away of
what to say; maybe it was
because of nervousness and
lack of time to prepare.
 Past-Present-Future (PPF)

At present, however, I am

enjoying it because I constantly
practice and keep on exposing
myself to any speaking situation.
In the future, I look forward to
teaching others how to survive
impromptu speech situations.
Things to remember in performing
Impromptu
Practice
Give examples based on your
personal experience.
Focus instead on the lessons
you want to share.
 EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH
is a type of speech that allows
the speaker to prepare his
message but only uses notes or
index card to help deliver the
speech. The speech should be
practiced several times out loud
and while standing up, editing
the notes while going along.
 EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH

Some parts may still have to be

memorized, like the beginning,
conclusion and certain
transitions. Eye contact and
gestures can be formulated at
this time.
 EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH

Speaking from notes without

reading or memorizing the
entire manuscript.
It is a planned and prepared
speech.
 EXTEMPORANEOUS SPEECH

An extemporaneous speech is

delivered with the help of
short notes and a clear
outline.
It is more spontaneous and
personal.
Tips in performing Extemporaneous
Speech

1.Take time to plot an

outline
2.Use notes or written on
index cards.
Tips in performing Extemporaneous
Speech

3. Rehearse the flow of your

presentation more than a few
times.
4. Develop your opening and
closing sentences.
DIMENSIONS OF
COMMUNICATION

Communication normally
runs along
this pair of categories:
verbal and nonverbal.
 Learning
Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the
students should be able to:

A.Correctly distinguish the

Nonverbal cues through an
activity;
 Learning
Objectives

B. Collaboratively, discuss the

acquired knowledge by
accomplishing an oral activity.
 NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

• The use of body language,

gestures, and facial expressions
to convey information to others.
• Messages that people
exchange beyond and
alongside the words themselves.
• It can go without verbal
communication.
Nonverbal is Omnipresent

Nonverbal behaviors are

Multifunctional

Nonverbal can lead to

misunderstanding as well as
understanding
Nonverbal Communication can
express what verbal can’t or
shouldn’t

Nonverbal Communication is
more trusted.
 Kinesics
Kinds of Haptics
Nonverbal
Communication Proxemics
Chronemics
Vocalics
Oculesics
 Kinesics
Derived from the root word
kinesis, which means “movement,”
and refers to the study of hand,
arm, body, and face movements.
Refers to the body movement,
posture, gesture, and facial
expressions.
 Kinesics
Kinesics vary culturally.
For example, While universally,
smiling reveals happiness, in
some cultures it also is used to
mask sadness or to hide
embarrassment.
 Emblems
Types Illustrators
of Affect displays
Kinesics Regulators
Adaptors
 Emblems

Are specific, widely understood

meanings in a given culture that
can actually substitute for a
word or phrase.
 Illustrators

Gestures that complement, enhance,

or substitute for a verbal message.
If you were describing the length of
the biggest fish you ever caught, you
might use your hands to illustrate the
size.
 Affect displays

Are facial expressions and

gestures that display emotion.
A smile can be an affect
display for happiness.
Scowling can display frustration.
 Regulators

Gestures used to control the turn-

taking in conversations.
You might make a hand motion to
encourage someone or raise your own
hand to get a turn at speaking.
 Adaptors
Are gestures we use to release
tension.
Done subconsciously
Poking, scratching, fidgeting your pen,
etc.
Kinesics may look like any of these…
Haptics (Touch Language)
Deals with touching behavior
Touch is necessary for human
social development, and it can
be welcoming, threatening, or
persuasive.
HAPTICS may look like any of these…
 Proxemics
The study of how space and
distance influence communication.
Deals with the effective use of space
in social settings, such as
businesses and homes, ranging and
the arrangement of space to
encourage or inhibit communication.
Intimate space (0-2 ft): used for very
confidential communications.
Personal space (2-4 ft): used for talking
with family and close friends.
Social space (4-12 ft): used in business
transactions, meeting new people and
interacting with groups of people
Public space(12 or more ft): used for public
speaking
 Chronemics

Refers to the study of how time

affects communication.
A call at 2:00 AM indicates
some kind of emergency.
When you reached in a party on
time shows you are punctual..
 Vocalics

Involves the study of voice quality,

volume, speed rate, and the manner
of speaking beyond the words.
Example: Shakey voices reveals
nervousness, clear voice resonates
confidence and broken voices
exposes lack of preparation.
 Oculesics

The eyes are the window to the

soul.”
We also communicate through
eye behaviors, primarily eye
contact.
 Oculesics
Eye contact serves several
communicative functions
ranging from regulating
interaction to monitoring
interaction, to conveying
information, to establishing
interpersonal connections.
Let’s have
a Group
Activity!
 Advertisement Meme!
INSTRUCTIONS
• create an image advertisement
meme using your own selfie
depicting at least 4 basic
emotions identified above while
promoting a certain product.
 Advertisement Meme!
INSTRUCTIONS

• You must take a selfie showing

at least 4 emotions. (The 2 must
be disgust and anger)
 Advertisement Meme!
INSTRUCTIONS

• Create a scene where you can

perfectly use the emotion. You
must flaunt the product you
have chosen for this task.
 Advertisement Meme!
INSTRUCTIONS

• ENGLISH ONLY.
• NO to any vulgar or offensive
words or memes.
• BE CREATIVE AND UNIQUE!