Microprocessor Concept and

History of Microprocessor
Development (CS-208)

BY:- BALDEV RAM MALI

LECTURER- COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING,
GOVT. POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, JODHPUR ( RAJ. )
 Microprocessor Concept
• Up to third generation of computer, the whole
CPU of computer was not built in a single chip.
The Various sub-units of CPU ( ALU, CU, and
Register Memory etc.) are built in separate IC
chip.
• In the fourth generation of computer LSI
(Large Scale Integration) technology is
developed.
• A LSI chip contains large number of basic
components( Transistors and Diodes ) in the
range of 1000 – 10,000.
• So it became possible to build the whole CPU
on a single LSI chip.
• A CPU built into a single LSI or VLSI chip is
called a Microprocessor.
• A microprocessor understands only binary
information. Binary information is composed
of only digits- 0 and 1.
 History of Microprocessor Development

• The first microprocessor was developed in

1971 by Intel Corporation, U.S.A. It was a 4-bit
microprocessor, the Intel-4040.
• In 1972 Intel introduced the first 8-bit
microprocessor, Intel-8008. The Intel-4040
and Intel-8080 both used PMOS technology.
• In 1973 Intel developed a more powerful and
faster 8-bit microprocessor, the Intel-8080
using NMOS technology.
• 8080 microprocessor has 16 address lines, so its
memory addressing capacity is 64 KB. It has 40
pins and 2 MHz clock speed.
• After development of 8080 microprocessor, Intel
8085 microprocessor is developed. The 8085
microprocessor is also has 40 pins and 64 KB
memory addressing capacity. Its clock speed is 3-
6 MHz and more advance than 8080
microprocessor.
• In 1978 first 16-bit microprocessor Intel 8086 was
developed. It has 40 pins, 20 address lines / 1 MB
memory addressing capacity and 5-10 MHz clock
speed. This microprocessor is used in Personal
Computer ( PC ).
• In 1980, Intel 8088 microprocessor is
developed which has word length 8/16 bits. It
also has 40 pins, 20 address lines / 1 MB
memory addressing capacity and 5-10 MHz
clock speed. This microprocessor is used in
Personal Computer Extended Technology(PC).
• In 1982 Intel 80186(16-bit) and Intel
80188(8/16 bit) was developed which was not
widely used.
THANKS