SCP NSTP1

ST.
JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO

COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Physically Detached Yet A cademically Attached
SIMPLIFIED COURSE PACK (SCP) FOR SELF-DIRECTED

LEARNING
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM1 (NSTP1)

(CWTS1 Component)
This Simplified Course Pack (SCP) is a draft version only and may not be
used, published or redistributed without the prior written consent of the
Academic Council of SJPIICD. Contents of this SCP are only intended for
the consumption of the students who are officially enrolled in the
course/subject. Revision and modification process of this SCP are
expected.
SCP-NSTP1 | 1
ST. JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO
By 2023, a recognized professional institution providing quality,

Vision
economically accessible, and transformative education grounded on
the teachings of St. John Paul II.
Serve the nation by providing competent JPCean graduates through

quality teaching and learning, transparent governance, holistic student
Mission
services, and meaningful community-oriented researches, guided by
the ideals of St. John Paul II.
Respect
Hard Work
Perseverance
Core Values
Self-Sacrifice
Compassion
Family Attachment
Inquisitive
Ingenious
Graduate Attributes
Innovative
Inspiring
Course Code/Title NSTP1/National Service Training Program1
The Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) as a component of National
Course Description Service Training Program (NSTP) is a conscious for student which covers
programs and activities of the dimensions of development.
Course Requirement
Time Frame 54 Hours
“Based 40” Cumulative Averaging Grading System
Grading System Periodical Grading = Attendance (5%) + Participation (10%) + Quiz (25%) + Exam (60%)
Final-Final Grade = Prelim Grade (30%) + Midterm Grade (30%) + Final Grade (40%)
Contact Detail
Dean/Program Head MS. AMIE P. MATALAM
SCP-NSTP1 | 2
Course Map
NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM1 - Simplified Course Pack (SCP)
SCP-Topics: Prelim Period SCP- Topics: Midterm Period SCP- Topics: Final Period
Value of Order, Value of Work

Week 1 Organization and Orientation Week 7 and Value of Concern for the Week 13 Volunteerism
Family and Future Generation
Value of Love, Value of Freedom,

Organization and Orientation Week 8 Value of Peace and Government, Social Mobilization and
Week 2 Week 14
(Continuation) Responsibility
and Value of Patriotism
Self-Awareness and Personality Week 9 Leadership and Team Building Environmental/Ecological

Week 3 Week 15
Development Management (Continuation)
Health Promotion and Prevention

Values Development for Good Week 10 Leadership and Team Building Week 16 of Diseases
Week 4
Citizenship
Health Promotion and Prevention

Values Development for Good Week 11 Volunteerism Week 17 of Diseases (Continuation)
Week 5
Citizenship (Continuation)
Week 6 Preliminary Examination Week 12 Midterm Examination Week 18 Final Examination
Course Outcomes
1. Be familiar with the purpose, objectives, component of the NSTP;
2. Determine the objectives and internalize the CWTS as a component of NSTP:
3. Acquire the knowledge and skills in the dimensions of development;
4. Work together as a potent resource group in the service of the community;
5. Establish a harmonious working relationship with the community;
6. Manifest the spirit of volunteerism as good servant of the community;
7. Display effective leadership skills among the youth.
Welcome Aboard! This course covers programs and activities of the

dimensions of development namely; education, environment, health and safety,
livelihood, sports and cultural, moral development of the citizenry and other social
welfare concern for the purpose of empowering them in becoming a potent resource for
community development.
SCP-NSTP1 | 3
SCP-TOPICS: PRELIM PERIOD TOPICS
Week 1 Organization and Orientation

The Vision-Mission Statement of my School, Emergence of NSTP and
Lesson Title
NSTP Vision, Mission and Goals
Learning Outcome(s) Explain the importance of Emergence of NSTP
At SJPIICD, I Matter!
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
This section provide meaning and definition of the terminologies the are significant for
better understanding of the terms used throughout the simplified course pack of
National Service Training Program. As you go through the labyrinth of learning, in case
you will be confronted with difficulty of the terms refer to the defined terms for you to
have a clear picture of the learning concepts.
Civic Welfare Training Service - is geared towards activities that have social impact
and through activities that could contribute to health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry.
Literacy Training Service - is more limited yet equally useful objective that is to train
students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of
school youth, and other segments of society in need of their service.
Reserve Officers' Training Corps- deemed equally important by the NSTP law (it
maintained its existence and nature mentioned in Republic Act No. 7077 having the
primary objective to prepare the youth in national defense, became merely a component
of the program.
Vision -is a public declaration that schools or other educational organizations use to
describe their high-level goals for the future, what they hope to achieve if they
successfully fulfill their organizational purpose or mission.
Mission - describe a school’s day-to-day operational objectives, its instructional
values, or its public commitments to its students and community.
Essential Content
The Emergence of the National Service Training Program (NSTP)

The National Service Training Program was also known as "An Act Establishing
the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for Tertiary Level Students, Amending
for the Purpose Republic Act No. 7077 and Presidential Decree no. 1706, and for other
Purposes" or Republic Act No. 9163. It was signed into law in January 23, 2002 amidst
SCP-NSTP1 | 4
the various calls of dissenting sectors for its abolition or reform. It invoked the
constitutional provision regarding the "duty of the state to serve and protect its
citizens," specifically Article II (Declaration of Principles and State Policies), Section 2,
which states that "The prime duty of the government is to serve and protect the people.
The government may call upon the people to defend the state, and in fulfillment thereof,
all citizens may be required under conditions provided by law, to render personal
military or civil service". This is the same principle that created and sustained the
Reserve Officers Training Corps.
The primary objective of the NSTP law is to promote the role of the youth in
nation-building. As such, it aims to encourage the youth to become civic and/or
military leaders and volunteers whom could be called upon by the nation in cases their
services are needed. Compared with the ROTC which specializes in military training,
and the E-ROTC which granted three options for students yet was limited in
implementation, the NSTP law ensured that the three components - Civic Welfare
Training Service, Literacy Training Service, and Reserve Officers Training Corps - will
be given the same and equal implementation in educational institutions. Moreover, it
defined the different components, the duration of the training, coverage, etc.
The Three NSTP Components
The National Service Training Program is composed of three different
components.
The Civic Welfare Training Service is geared towards activities that have social
impact and through activities that could contribute to "health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry", thus the CWTS
component of the NSTP stressed the importance of youth involvement in broad
programs or activities that will benefit the people. While the CWTS focused on programs
to enhance the living conditions of the people.
The Literacy Training Service has a more limited yet equally useful objective
that is to "train students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school
children, out of school youth, and other segments of society in need of their service".
LTS thus specializes in the education of the people, strengthening the education sector
to empower the people through education.
Meanwhile, Reserve Officers' Training Corps, while deemed equally important
by the NSTP law (it maintained its existence and nature mentioned in RA 7077 having
the primary objective to prepare the youth in national defense, became merely a
component of the program.
The NSTP required male and female students to undergo the program they have
chosen for two (2) semesters or one (1) academic year in contrast with the ROTC which
required males to take military training for four (4) semesters or two (2) academic years.
Students taking NSTP will get three (3) units from taking the program; equivalent of
1.5 units every semester. Thus, in contrast to the mandatory - yet free - ROTC,
students will now have to pay for their NSTP. This included the former cadets of the
ROTC who enjoyed the free reservist program. Also, the law states that private learning
institutions could offer one of the three options but required state colleges and
universities to maintain their ROTC units together with an alternative unit from the
SCP-NSTP1 | 5
two other options. The law also limited the existence of the ROTC in private and
vocational institutions requiring it to have 350 cadets for it to be called a unit,
otherwise - and considering other factors such as insufficient cadet number, lack of
logistics to support ROTC program of instruction (POI), etc. - cross-enrolling the
students to other schools for their NSTP is an option.
The goal of the law and of the program is to harness the strength and capacity
of the youth to contribute to nation-building, thus the National Service Reserve
Force/Corps was created to enlist CWTS and LTS graduates which is also equivalent
to the Citizen Armed Force of the ROTC. In the event that the state will need people for
its civic and literacy activities, it will merely utilize the personnel of the reserve force,
the student volunteers the NSTP-CWTS and the NSTP-LTS has produced. As with the
need of the Armed Forces for additional force for its defense campaigns, it can easily
use its body of reservists in the Reserve Command.
VISION, MISSION AND GOALS of NSTP
1. VISION
To develop service-driven individuals for nation-building.
2. MISSION
a. The NSTP is a dynamic service-oriented sector composed of qualified

implementers committed to reach-out for the development of the students and
the community by:
b. Providing capability enhancement for civic consciousness and defense
preparedness;
c. Encouraging students in improving their skills, knowledge and attitudes on
various endeavors that will develop their interest in community service;
d. Training students and target clientele to be more responsive in attaining peace
and other development concerns in the target areas of the school. (Sec. 2, Para.
2 & 3, R.A. 9163); and
e. Providing avenues and opportunities for the students to become efficient and
effective future reservists imbued with good moral values.
CORE VALUES
The NSTP promotes the ideals of the core values found in the Preamble of the
1987 Philippines Constitution. Core values are further defined by the specific values.
The following are the values that guide the implementation of the program:
PAGKAMAKA – DIOS
1. Faith in the Almighty God
2. Respect for Life
3. Order
4. Work
5. Concern for the Family and Future Generations
PAGKAMAKA – TAO
1. Love
SCP-NSTP1 | 6
2. Freedom
3. Peace
4. Truth
5. Justice
PAGKAMAKA – BAYAN
1. Unity
2. Equality
3. Respect for Law and Government
4. Patriotism
5. Promotion of the Common Good
PAGKAMAKA – KALIKASAN
1. Concern for the Environment
GOALS
• To develop civic consciousness and defense preparedness among the students in

enhancing their total well being as model and agent of community development;
• To institutionalize the NSTP structure, systems and procedure in the operation
of the program;
• To build a pool of qualified trainers and volunteers among the students and
faculty members with the program core values.
SELF-SUPPORT: You can click the URL Search Indicator below to help you further understand the
lessons.
Content References/ Search Indicator
AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP)

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/01/23/republic-act-no-9163/
SCP-NSTP1 | 7
LET’S INITIATE!
Activity 1. Let us try to check your understanding of the topics. Write your answers to the
space provided below every after the questions.
1. What does NSTP stand for?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. State the components of NSTP.
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Explain the functions of National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC).
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
LET’S INQUIRE!
Activity 2. Instruction: In this activity, you are required to expound your answer to
each of the questions below.
1. Explain the importance of National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC).

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Differentiate Civic Welfare Training Service and Literacy Training Service

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 8
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Instruction: Create a Poster illustrating the vision-mission, values and
goals of NSTP. You can use any art materials available in your house. Then, scan
the poster to submit your output. You will be graded based on the criteria below:
Relevance of the theme -30%

Originality -25%
Creativity -20%
Visual Impact -25%
SCP-NSTP1 | 9
Week 2 Organization and Orientation (Continuation)

The Vision-Mission Statement of my School, Emergence of
Lesson Title
NSTP and NSTP Vision, Mission and Goals
1. discuss the Role of Nstp;
Learning Outcome(s) 2. appreciate the CWTS dimensions
3. explain The National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)
LEARNING INTENT!
Essential Content
A. ROLE OF NSTP
The NSTP is basically concerned with development of the youth. It emphasizes
the intensification of values, ideals related to civic consciousness particularly
those that enhances their intellectual, moral, spiritual, and social well-being.
It aims to inform, train, mobilize and serve youth as arm in helping the
community in the pursuit of NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. It particularly deals with
training, packaging and disseminating information for the development of
knowledge, skills and attitude needed as future leaders and good citizens,
demonstration and application of technologies, tools and materials generated by
the school and in some selected institutions for livelihood and community
improvement. (Sec. 2, para. 3, R.A. 9163).
B. SERVICE COMPONENTS OF NSTP

1. “Civic Welfare Training Services” (CWTS) which refers to activities
contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the members
of the community or the enhancement of its facilities especially those devoted
to improving health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety,
recreation and moral of the citizenry and other social welfare services. (Sec.
3, para. d, R.A. 9163)
CWTS Dimensions
a. Leadership and Morals of the Citizenry involves development of youth to

be good leaders, responsible individuals imbued with good moral values
and active agent of development of the community.
b. Health aims to give knowledge on medical-related fields and extend
health services needed in the community. It includes specifically
medical services like disaster management, first-aid operation,
SCP-NSTP1 | 10
vaccination, info-dissemination on health, nutrition, technical

assistance and training of youth to be first-aid assistants.
c. Safety Services includes the knowledge and skills in keeping oneself and
others safe. It helps in increasing the awareness about the possible
hazards in the different areas of living and be able to make appropriate
decisions and actions. It helps equip the trainees the ability to deal with
a range of situation. (Safety Education: Guidance for Schools.)
d. Environmental Services inculcates environmental awareness and its
contributions to health and related fields. It involves management of
waste, environmental protection, dissemination and application of
technologies supportive of the community needs and livelihood
activities related to environment and other related fields supportive of
the national thrusts.
e. Education involves enhancement of institutional support materials and
facilities for the community and school such as providing materials
containing laws, ordinances, rules and regulations and extended
services of skilled students.
f. Entrepreneurship/livelihood includes programs and activities which
are vital to economic growth.
g. Recreation involves sports/games, arts, music and other worthwhile
activities that enrich youth’s capacities to relate with one another in the
community. (Sec. 3, para. d, R.A. 9163)
2. Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC) is a program designed to provide
military training to tertiary level students in order to motivate, train, organize
and mobilize them for national defense preparedness (Sec. 3, para. b, IRR –
NSTP)
ROTC Dimension
a. Military Science 1 includes military indoctrination, human rights,

combat training for the individual soldiers, individual protective
measures, basic weapon training, marksmanship training, drills and
ceremonies (ROTC POI)
b. Military Science 2 includes general military operations, small unit
tactics, individual unit training, crew serve weapons, familiarization
firing, educational tour and drill ceremonies (ROTC POI).
3. Literacy Training Service (LTS) is a program designed to train students to
become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out-
ofschool youth and other segments of the society in need of their services
(Sec. 3, para. c, IRR – NSTP)
LTS Areas of Concern
a. Basic Literacy includes teaching of the 3 Rs; Reading, Writing and

Arithmetic.
b. Functional Literacy includes activities which involve analytical
thinking, application concepts based on lessons that will raise the level
of literacy (Bureau of Alternative Learning System Manual, 2004).
SCP-NSTP1 | 11
A Primer on the National Service Training Program:
▪ NSTP Law
- NSTP Law or Republic Act 9163 is a program aimed at
enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth
by developing the ethics of service and patriotism while undergoing
training in any of its three (3) program components, specially designed
to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general welfare.
▪ Program Components of the NSTP:

1. ROTC – “Reserve Officers’ Training Corps”
2. LTS – “Literacy Training Service”
3. CWTS – “Civic Welfare Training Services”
▪ The NSTP has been implemented starting school year 2002 – 2003.
(March 23, 2002). And Schools that do not meet the required number
of students in order to conduct a program component or do not offer
the component chosen by the students shall allow the students to cross
enroll to other schools. These students, however, shall be subjected to
the existing rules and regulations of their school of origin and the
accepting school.
▪ Each of the NSTP components shall be undertaken for an academic
period of two (2) semesters and credited for three (3) units per semester
but the students will be paying only for one and a half (1.5) units.
▪ All higher and technical –vocational educational institutions offer at
least one (1) of the NSTP components while state universities and
colleges offer the ROTC component and at least one other NSTP
component. Private schools who have at least 350 students cadets offer
the ROTC component through its Department of Military Science and
Tactics (DMST)
▪ Since as being presented, NSTP is a course (What will become of NSTP
graduates?), so graduates of the non-ROTC components shall belong to
the National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC) which could be tapped by
the State for literacy and civic welfare activities. Graduates of the ROTC
component shall form part of the AFP Citizen Armed Force, subject to
DND requirements.
The National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)
1. Mission
To provide a trained and motivated manpower pool that can be
tapped by the State for civic welfare, literacy and other similar
endeavour’s in the service of nation.
2. Functions
a. To assist in the disaster preparedness, mitigation, response and
rehabilitation programs.
SCP-NSTP1 | 12
b. To serve as an auxiliary to the Disaster Coordinating Council

(DCC) response units.
c. To assist in the promotion of civic welfare activities
d. To assist in the implementation of literacy programs
e. To assist in socio-economic development
f. To assist in environmental protection and
g. To perform other similar endeavours
3. Composition
The NSRC shall be composed of the graduates of CWTS and LTS
components of the NSTP.
Glossary
As used in this operation, the following terms shall mean as follows:
a. “National Service Training Program” (NSTP) is a program aimed at

enhancing civic consciousness and defense preparedness in the youth
by developing the ethics of service and patriotism while undergoing
training in any of its three (3) program components are specially
designed to enhance the youth’s active contribution to the general
welfare. (Sec. 3, para. A, R.A. 9163)
b. “Civic Welfare Training Service” refers to programs or activities

contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the
members of the community or the enhancement of its facilities,
especially those devoted to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry. (Sec.
3, para. d, R.A. 9163)
c. “NSTP Director/Program Coordinator” is a duly qualified and

experienced personnel assigned by the school authority as Chief or
Head of the National Service Training Program office of the concerned
institution. The same has adequate training and experience on the
different components of NSTP offered by the institution (CHED Memo
Order (CMO) April 25, 2002)
d. “CWTS/LTS Coordinator/ROTC Commandant” is a duly qualified

and experienced personnel assigned by school authority as Coordinator
for Civic Welfare Training Service component of NSTP. The same has
adequate training and experience in Civic Welfare activities and
programs. (CMO April 25, 2002; CMO #5, S. 2003)
e. “Faculty/Instructor” is duly qualified and experienced person

assigned to handle any of the components offered by the institution.
SCP-NSTP1 | 13
f. “Administrative Officer/Executive Assistant” is a duly qualified

school personnel assigned to assist in the administrative requirements
of the NSTP Office.
g. “NSTP Student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled in any of

the components of NSTP conducted by the institution.
h. “CWTS Student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled

particularly in Civic Welfare Training Service component of NSTP
conducted by an institution.
“LTS Student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled in Literacy

Training Service component of NSTP conducted by an institution.
“ROTC student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled in Reserve

Officers Training Corps component of NSTP conducted by an
institution.
i. “NSTP Office” is an office which administers and supervises the

implementation of the different NSTP components conducted by an
institution.
j. “Institution” is a duly authorized establishment of learning that offers

and conducts the National Service Training Program as part of students’
curriculum in strict compliance with Republic Act No. 9163, other
pertinent laws, rules and regulations.
k. “National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)” – composed of the

graduates of the non-ROTC components. Members of this corps may be
tapped by the State literacy and civic welfare activities through the joint
effort of the DND, CHED and TESDA.” (Sec. 11, R.A. 9163)
SCP-NSTP1 | 14
LET’S INITIATE!
Activity 1. Let us try to check your understanding of the topics. Write your
answers to the space provided below every after the questions.
1. What is the role of NSTP?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What does NSTP Law or Republic Act 9163 mean?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What are the dimensions of CWTS?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
LET’S INQUIRE! In this activity, you are required to expound your answer to
each of the questions below.
1. How does Civic Welfare Training Service relate with Reserve Officers Training
Corps?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Differentiate Literacy Training Service and Reserve Officers Training Corps.

____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 15
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Create a chart illustrating the service components of National Service
Training Program (NSTP).
SCP-NSTP1 | 16
Week 4&5 VALUES DEVELOPMENT FOR GOOD CITIZENSHIP

Lesson Title Values development for good citizenship
Learning Outcome(s) Recite the Preamble of the Philippine Constitution
LEARNING INTENT!
Essential Content
PREAMBLE OF THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

“WE, THE SOVEREIGN FILIPINO PEOPLE, IMPLORING THE AID OF THE ALMIGHTY
GOD, IN ORDER TO BUILD A JUST AND HUMANE SOCIETY AND ESTABLISH A
GOVERNMENT THAT SHALL EMBODY OUR IDEALS AND ASPIRATIONS, PROMOTE
THE COMMON GOOD, CONSERVE AND DEVELOP OUR PATRIMONY, AND SECURE
TO OURSELVES AND POSTERITY THE BLESSINGS OF INDEPENDENCE AND
DEMOCRACY UNDER THE RULE OF LAW AND A REGIME OF TRUTH, JUSTICE,
FREEDOM, LOVE, EQUALITY, AND PEACE, DO ORDAIN AND PROMULGATE THIS
CONSTITUTION.”
The Good Citizenship Values

(Based on the 1987 Philippine Constitution)
PAGKAMAKA – DIOS
Faith in the Almighty God
Respect for Life
Order
Work
Concern for the Family and Future Generations
PAGKAMAKA – TAO
Love
Freedom
Peace
Truth
Justice
PAGKAMAKA – BAYAN
Unity
Equality
Respect for Law and Government
Patriotism
Promotion of the Common Good
PAGKAMAKA – KALIKASAN
Concern for the Environment
SCP-NSTP1 | 17
THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP

VALUE OF
FAITH IN THE ALMIGHTY GOD
“For just as a body without a spirit is dead, so also faith without works is
dead. -James 3:26
Faith will not always get for us what we want, but it will get what God wants us
to have. -Vance Havner
The only limit to our realization of tomorrow will be our doubts of today; let us
move forward with strong and active faith. -Franklin D. Roosevelt
Faith is to believe what we do not see. The reward of this faith is to see what we
believe.- St. Augustine

VALUE
OF RESPECT FOR LIFE
God created man in His image; in the divine image He created him; male and
female He created them.” -Genesis 1:27
“Life is raw material. We are artisans. We can sculpt our existence into something
beautiful, or debase it into ugliness. It is in our hands.”- Cathy Better
“A long life may be not enough, but a good life is long enough.”- Benjamin
Franklin
THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUE
OF
ORDER
“Order is the sanity of the mind, the health of the body, the peace of the city, the
security of the state. As the beams of the house, as the bones of the body, so is order
to all things.”- Southey
He who has no taste of order, will be often wrong in his judgment, and seldom
considerate or conscientious in his actions.- Kasper Lavater
SCP-NSTP1 | 18
LET’S INITIATE!
Activity 1. Personal Reflection:
“How Much Is Life Worth To Me?”
Instruction: Objectively go over the statements indicate below. If you agree with a particular
statement, mark the box with an X in the column “agree”. Otherwise, mark the box
with an X in the column “disagree”. For every issue, kindly give a brief insight of
your answer on the spaces provided.
ISSUE AGREE DISAGREE
1. Death penalty/capital punishment is a good deterrent

against crimes. Thus, it should be regarded as an
acceptable punishment. [ ] [ ]
2. Abortion should be a choice accorded to every woman [ ] [ ]
3. Drugs are a menace to society [ ] [ ]
4. Military and rebel offensives in Mindanao are justified

by the goals and aspirations of both groups. [ ] [ ]
5. Parents should inflict physical harm on their children

to properly discipline them. [ ] [ ]
6. Prostitution is an acceptable profession [ ] [ ]
SCP-NSTP1 | 19
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Answer the following Guide Questions:
1. Will I be able to deal with my life better if things are in order or when my
priorities are properly set?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Based on my personal reflection, is my life in order?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. If so, how is it helping me? of otherwise, what are the things that prevent me
from establishing order in my life?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
4. What will it take for me to give order to my life and set my priorities straight?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. What is ORDER for me?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 20
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Create a 300 word essay about the title below:
THE ORDER OF MY LIFE
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 21
Week 7 Values Development for Good Citizenship (continuation)

Value of Order, Value of Work and Value of Concern for the
Lesson Title Family and Future generation
1. discuss the Values Development for Good Citizenship
2. appreciate the importance discuss the Values
Learning Outcome(s) Development for Good Citizenship
3. develop a prior knowledge on how to value development
for Good Citizenship
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Citizenship- is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law of a
sovereign state as a member of or belonging to the state. Each state is free to determine
the conditions under which it will recognize persons as its citizens, and the conditions
under which that status will be withdrawn.
Value- is derived from the Latin word, valere, to be worth, be strong-something
intrinsically valuable or desirable. A thing has value when it is perceived as good and
desirable
Essential Content
THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUE OF ORDER

“Order is the sanity of the mind, the health of the body, the peace of the city, the security
of the state. As the beams of the house, as the bones of the body, so is order to all things.” -
Southey
He who has no taste of order, will be often wrong in his judgment, and seldom
considerate or conscientious in his actions.- Kasper Lavater
THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUE OF WORK

If a man will not work, he shall not eat. (2 Thessalonians 3: 10)
Give fish to a man and he will have food to eat for a day; teach him how to fish
and he shall have food to eat throughout his life time. (Confucius)
Man is destined to work; it is in his nature.
Sleep is sweet to the laboring man… Ecclesiastes 5:11
THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUE OF CONCERN FOR THE FAMILY AND FUTURE
GENERATION
There is no other place sweeter than our home.- Homer
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A happy is but an earlier heaven.- Sir John Bowring

A family that prays together, stays together.- Fr. Patrick Peyton
“Pilipino na sino man ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalingan ay hindi
makararating sa paroroonan.” -Francisco Balagtas
LET’S INITIATE!
Activity 1. Let us check your comprehension on the discussions above. Answer
truthfully the following questions. Write your answers to the space provided below
every after the questions.
1. What is order?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What is your biggest motivation for working at this point in time?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What are the values of a Filipino family that will keep them surviving amidst
challenging circumstances?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
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LET’S INQUIRE!
Activity 1. In this activity, you are required to expound your answer to each of the
questions below.
1. What do you think is the biggest challenge that our families are facing?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What have you realized about the value of the well-being and unity of your family
in the midst of pandemic?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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LET’S INFER!
Activity 1.
THE 1 MILLION-PESO QUESTION: “WHERE WILL I PUT MY MILLION?”
You find a list of items that people normally consider when planning for their
future. These items may also be some of the reasons why people are moved to work. If
you are given a one MILLION PESOS, how will you spend it?
On the space provided, write the amount you wish to allocate for the items you
consider most important to you. You may either allow certain amount for every item or
allocate to some items only provided that you did not spend over one million pesos.
_____________ 1. Life Insurance Plan
_____________ 2. House and Lot
_____________ 3. Educational Plan
_____________ 4. Travel
_____________ 5. Shopping (Clothes, jewelries, house ware)
_____________ 6. Time Deposit
_____________ 7. Business Investment
_____________ 8. Health
_____________ 9. Charity works
_____________ 10. Social Life / Leisure
_____________ 11. Others (specify)
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Week 8 Values Development for Good Citizenship (continuation)

Value of Love , Value of Freedom, Value of Peace, Value of
Lesson Title Respect for Law and Government , Value of Patriotism
Discuss the Values Development for Good Citizenship
Learning Outcome(s)
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Civic Welfare Training Service - is geared towards activities that have social impact
and through activities that could contribute to health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the citizenry.
Literacy Training Service - is more limited yet equally useful objective that is to train
students to become teachers of literacy and numeracy skills to school children, out of
school youth, and other segments of society in need of their service.
Reserve Officers' Training Corps- deemed equally important by the NSTP law (it
maintained its existence and nature mentioned in Republic Act No. 7077 having the
primary objective to prepare the youth in national defense, became merely a component
of the program.
Vision -is a public declaration that schools or other educational organizations use to
describe their high-level goals for the future, what they hope to achieve if they
successfully fulfill their organizational purpose or mission.
Mission - describe a school’s day-to-day operational objectives, its instructional
values, or its public commitments to its students and community.
Essential Content
PAGKAMAKATAO

OF
LOVE
“Love is patient and kind; love is not jealous or boastful; love is not ill mannered or
selfish and irritable; love does not keep a record of the wrongs: love is not happy
with evil but delights in the truth. Love never gives up. Love never fails. Love is
eternal….there are faith, hope, and love and the greatest of these is love.”
When man has love, he is no longer at the mercy of forces greater than himself for
he, himself becomes the powerful force.”
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“Love is the will to extend oneself for the purpose of nurturing one’s own or another’s
spiritual growth.”
“Love is a core value from which other values emerge (e.g. kindness, charity, commitment, loyalty,
respect, etc.)
Guide Question:
WHAT IS LOVE?
To love is to will the good another.
Love is the value from which the other values that form a good person develop.
Love entails responsibility, sacrifice and service. It is simply doing good for others. If
love is real it never stops reaching out.
Real love is one that shares, trusts, cares, respects, accepts, and forgives.
LOVE is the KEY to our NATION PROGRESS. WHY? It will encourage our
people to be committed to serve and be concerned for each other’s well being, making
true the pledge of MAMAMAYAN muna BAGO SARILI…..MAMAMAYANG HINDI
MAKASARILI. It is a Step to National Progress and national RECONCILIATION not
NATIONAL RESOLUTION. RECONCILITION is focused in relation. While RESOLUTION
is focused on problem.
From love springs other values that draw the best of every person;
When people love, they stop resorting to violence. Thus, curing the ills that causes
violence to our nation.
When people love, they are able to form more harmonious communities where everyone
shares the prospect for progress and personal growth;
When people love, they become happier and develop a sense of moral and civic purpose.

OF
FREEDOM
“Freedom consists not in doing what we like, but in having the right to do what we
ought! Pope John Paul II
What are the price and prize of freedom?
Descriptions of Freedom:
Freedom is the power to act or not to act, and so to perform deliberate acts of one’s
own.
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According to Dr, Jose P. Rizal, “Nations win their freedom by deserving it, by loving
what is just, what is good, what is great to the point of dying for it.”
The VALUE of FREEDOM is never without the VIRTUE of RESPONSIBILITY. (otherwise,
lead to ANARCHY)
Freedom is a gift freely gift, thus, it should be something freely shared.
It connotes a sense of discipline and the virtue of Charity.
The basis of FREEDOM lies in the INDIVIDUALITY of HUMAN PERSON who is capable
of THINKING, CARING and relating with other human beings.
BIRD IN THE HAND

One day, a boy was walking at the park and found a bird lying on the ground.
He picked up the bird and went to an old man sitting peacefully under the shade of the
tree.
Hoping to trick the old man and display his youthful “wisdom”, he approached
him, held out his clenched fists and asked, “old man, old man, tell me: is the bird in
my hand dead or alive?”
The old man thoughtfully looked at him and answered, “little boy, if I tell you
that the bird in your hand is alive, you can easily crush the bird and say that it is dead;
but if I tell you that the bird in your hand is dead, you can easily open your hand, set
the bird free and say that it is alive. Therefore, little boy, the answer to your question
is in your hands.”
Moral:
God gave us our lives. He also gave us the freedom to choose what we want to
make of them. Indeed, the answer to all our dreams is in our hands. We have
the power to make them happen…..but only if we choose to.

OF
PEACE
Observe the honest, mark the upright; those at peace with God have a future. (Psalm
37:37)
Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of
peace must be constructed. UNESCO Constitution
Peace rules the day when Christ rules the heart.
Peace means serenity of mind, simplicity of heart and tranquility of soul. (St.
Augustine)
Points:
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To stress the value of peace as being the tranquility of order and not merely the absence
of war.
What do you think are some reasons why people still resort to acts of violence despite
knowing the adverse consequences?
What do we need to have peace?
THE FOUR PILLARS OF PEACE:

Love - will build peace if people feel the needs of others as their own and share
what they have with others, specially the values of mind and spirit which they possess.
Freedom - will build peace and make it thrive if, in the choice of the means to
that end, people act according to reason and assume responsibility for their own
actions.
Truth - will build peace if every individual sincerely acknowledges not only his
rights, but also his own duties towards them.
Justice - will build peace if in practice everyone respects the right of others
and actually fulfills his duties towards them.
Juanito was an idealistic person. He wanted everybody to be happy and lead

meaningful lives. So one day, he strode to church and prayed hard for World Peace. He
continued praying for the same intention for a year yet nothing seemed to change.
One day, he decided to narrow down his scope and pray for peace in his own
country instead. He prayed for the same intention for another year yet violence and
disturbance still seemed to be in an upsurge.
Anxious for his prayer to be finally heard, he decided to pray for peace within his
family instead. He kept this intention for another year with no significant result.
Finally, on the verge of frustration he decided to pray for peace within himself.
He prayed for this intention for the next year. Each time he did so, he felt more at peace
with himself and his personal issues, his family, his neighbors until it reached a point
in time that Juanito was considered a man of peace, a friend of everybody especially of
the neediest among his countrymen.
MORAL: Let there be peace on earth….and let it begin with me.
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OF
RESPECT FOR LAW
AND
GOVERNMENT
“Where law ends, there tyranny begins. William Pitt

Implications of the following Social Issues:
Basic obedience of traffic rules and regulations.
Water and electricity pilferages in household.
Insurgency, Coup, Mutiny as an option by individuals or groups to air grievances or
pursue agenda.
Tax Evasion (Give to Caesar that which belongs to Caesar, and to God that which is
God’s)
Vote-buying, other act of electoral fraud.
The Law is not meant to curtail freedom; it is meant to ensure that every citizen acts
responsibly while exercising his freedom.
The nature of laws is to provide sanctions for the irresponsible practice of freedom. For
every policy, there exists a corresponding implication.
Thus, the need for punishment/penalty as a disciplinary measure when a policy/law
is violated.
In the final analysis, laws and the government are meant to institute order in a society
that has a tendency to abuse freedom and trample on the rights of the weak.
Their roles form part of society’s effort to form its members into responsible,
conscientious, dignified and charitable persons.
Love is the perfection of the law. Fear and intimidation should not be our motivations
when we obey the law and respect the mandate of the government. Rather, we should
find it in ourselves to love the law and the government as they seek to protect our
rights and dignity as persons.

OF
PATRIOTISM
The Filipino is worth dying for…. It is better to die on your feet than to live on your
knees. Benigno Aquino
After I owe to God, nothing should be more dear and sacred than the love and respect
I owe to my country.
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SIMPLE PEOPLE, REAL HEROES – EVERYDAY

Below you will find a list of people / occupations we come across every day. On
the space provided, write at least two (2) very simple and concrete ways by which each
person may fulfill a simple heroic deed each day.
Remember, to be a hero, one doesn’t necessarily need to die for his country or
do really great things. Real heroes are those who do their best to be good citizens
everyday of their lives and steadfastly hold on to their good values despite the demands
of the times and the challenges of circumstance. Through simple but noble deeds, the
simplest among our people can be the heroes that our country needs today.
THE DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE FILIPINO CITIZEN

(Gasilla-dela Cruz, 2005)
We have to realize that for every right we are enjoying as enumerated in the Bill
of Rights of the Philippine Constitution, there is a corresponding obligation. There will
be no chaos in our society if only everybody will perform his or her duties and
obligations.
Hereunder are the important duties and obligations of every citizen in a
democratic society:
To be loyal to the Republic. This means that we have faith and confidence in the
Republic and love for and devotion to the country. We have to be proud being Filipinos,
respect our customs, traditions, language and institutions.
Our country is considered our home, the home of our forefathers
who fought for our country against the invaders, the home of our children
and grand children, the seat of our affections and the source of our
happiness and well-being.
To defend the State. Considering the fact that our country is our home, it is our prime
duty to love and defend the state at all costs regardless of our creed, religious beliefs
and wisdom.
Loving one’s country can be shown not by words but by deeds. It
should be a continuous flame of love considering the fact that we receive
benefits and protection from the state of which we are a part. In return, it
is our primary and honorable duty to defend it against any peril whether
from within or from without. (Philippine Constitution, Art. II, Sec. 3).
To contribute to the development and welfare of the state. We are a part of the
state and we directly receive the benefits from the government in the form of
infrastructure, peace and order, etc. In return, how can we contribute to the
development and welfare of the state? We can do this in the form of:
paying our taxes willingly and promptly;
by helping maintain peace and order;
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conserving natural resources;

the promotion of social justice by suggesting supportive measures beneficial to the
people as a whole;
by patronizing local products and trade and by engaging in productive work.
To uphold the Constitution and obey the laws. It is our prime obligation to uphold
the constitution and obey the laws. If the people would disregard them, our country
would collapse and we will not have peace and order.
To cooperate with duly constituted authorities. In every organization, there is
always a leader to manage the affairs of all the constituents. If the members will not
cooperate, we can never expect to become successful in all the undertakings that our
government would like to do for the good of its citizens.
To exercise rights responsibly and with due regard for the rights of others. No
man is an island and we have to live with others. In the exercise of our rights, we have
to see to it that we also respect the rights of other people. If we do this, we can expect
harmonious relationships among members of the society.
To engage in gainful work. It is stated in the Bible if we want to eat, we have to work.
It is our obligation as citizens of our country to become productive, by engaging in
gainful work so that we can provide the basic needs of our family and ourselves as well.
As cited by de Leon (1989), “the essence of life is work. Every citizen
should bear in mind that only by hard and sustained work can men and
nations live and survive. National greatness never springs from the cult of
ease or self-complacency, but from the crucible of grim struggle and
patient industry.”
To register and Vote. It is our prime duty as citizens of the Philippines to register and
vote. Suffrage is both a privilege and a duty, which every qualified citizen must perform.
It is not sufficient to just register and vote, but it is coupled with
intellectual judgment during election. We have to consider the different
political issues by different candidates, so that, at least, we can choose the
right person to manage government affairs.
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LET’S INITIATE!
1. What is love?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. What are the price and prize of freedom?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. What do we need to have peace?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
LET’S INQUIRE!
questions below.
1. What do you think are some reasons why people still resort to acts of violence
despite knowing the adverse consequences?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. State the four (4) pillars of peace and explain briefly.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Write a 300 words reflection about the title below.
A WORLD WITHOUT LAWS OR GOVERNMENT

(A Personal reflection)
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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Week 9&10 LEADERSHIP AND TEAM BUILDING
Lesson Title LEADERSHIP AND TEAM BUILDING

Identify the qualities of good leader
Learning Outcome(s)
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Leadership- is an art of influencing people to get the necessary support and
cooperation in community affairs to maintain solidarity among people. It is the
ability to influence others towards desired goals. It is “a relationship in which one
person (the leader) influences others to work together willingly on related tasks to
attain goals desired by the leader and, or group.” (Terry &Franklin, 1982)
Essential Content
LEADERSHIP AND TEAM BUILDING
A. TEAM BUILDING ACTIVITY
Instruction:
Build a One-Of-A-Kind Tower which is STRONG and TALL.
B. Concepts of Leadership
Introduction
In any group of people who work for common objectives, a leader is
indispensible. As long as people congregate and gather together with manifested
direction, someone has to lead and the others become followers. “The significance
and quality of efforts put together by the supporters; the willingness and
enthusiasm of the members; the cooperation and commitment into the goals
of each participant – all these are important for the success of the group.”
(Amogius, Filipino O., et al., 2009)
A leader is one who helps/facilitates communities of people, takes risks

and envisions a better future for his group, encourages commitment and helps
people move ahead along a path to accomplish a goal. Leaders are necessary to
make decisions, to direct community activities and to speak for the community
both in relation to its internal organization and its outside relationships.
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1. Concepts of Leadership
“Good leaders are made not born” (Tria & Jao, 2000). If you have the desire and
will power, you can become an effective leader. Good leaders develop through a never
ending process of self-study, education, training, and experience. This guide will help
you through that process.
To inspire your workers into higher levels of teamwork, there are certain things
you must be, know, and do. These do not come naturally, but are acquired through
continual work and study. Good leaders are continually working and studying to
improve their leadership skills; they are NOT resting on their laurels.
Since Leadership is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish
an objective and directs the group in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent.
But Leaders may carry out this process by applying their leadership attributes, such
as beliefs, values, ethics, character, knowledge, and skills. Although your position as
a manager, supervisor, lead, etc. gives you the authority to accomplish certain tasks
and objectives in the group, this power does not make you a leader...it simply makes
you the boss. Leadership differs in that it makes the followers want to achieve high
goals, rather than simply bossing people around.
Bass' (1989 & 1990) theory of leadership states that there are three basic ways
to explain how people become leaders. The first two explain the leadership development
for a small number of people. Bass’ theories are:
• Some personality traits may lead people naturally into leadership roles. This is
the Trait Theory.
• A crisis or important event may cause a person to rise to the occasion, which
brings out extraordinary leadership qualities in an ordinary person. This is the
Great Events Theory.
• People can choose to become leaders. People can learn leadership skills. This is
the Transformational Leadership Theory. It is the most widely accepted theory
today and the premise on which this guide is based.
Respected leaders concentrate on:
• what they are [be] (such as beliefs and character),

• what they know (such as job, tasks, and human nature), and
• what they do (such as implementing, motivating, and providing direction).
Lastly, what makes a person want to follow a leader? Basically, people want to be
guided by those they respect and who have a clear sense of direction. To gain respect,
they must be ethical. A sense of direction is achieved by conveying a strong vision of
the future.
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2. Principles of Leadership
To help you be, know, and do; follow these eleven principles of leadership: (U.S.
Army, 1973)
a. Know yourself and seek self-improvement - In order to know yourself,

you have to understand your own be, know, and do, attributes. Seeking
self-improvement means continually strengthening your attributes. This
can be accomplished through self-study, formal classes, reflection, and
interacting with others.
b. Be technically proficient - As a leader, you must know your job and have
a solid familiarity with your people's tasks.
c. Seek responsibility and take responsibility for your actions - Search for
ways to guide your organization to new heights. And when things go wrong,
they always do sooner or later -- do not blame others. Analyze the situation,
take corrective action, and move on to the next challenge.
d. Make sound and timely decisions - Use good problem solving, decision
making, and planning tools.
e. Set the example - Be a good role model for your employees. They must not
only hear what they are expected to do, but also see. We must become the
change we want to see - Mahatma Gandhi
f. Know your people and look out for their well-being - Know human nature
and the importance of sincerely caring for your workers.
g. Keep your workers informed - Know how to communicate with not only
them, but also seniors and other key people.
h. Develop a sense of responsibility in your workers - Help to develop good
character traits that will help them carry out their professional
responsibilities.
i. Ensure that tasks are understood, supervised, and accomplished -
Communication is the key to this responsibility.
j. Train as a team - Although many so called leaders call their organization,
department, section, etc. a team; they are not really teams...they are just a
group of people doing their jobs.
k. Use the full capabilities of your organization - By developing a team
spirit, you will be able to employ your organization, department, section,
etc. to its fullest capabilities.
3. Factors of leadership (Bass' theory of leadership, 1990)
There are four major factors in leadership:
SCP-NSTP1 | 37
a. Follower
Different people require different styles of leadership. For example, a new
hire requires more supervision than an experienced employee. A person who
lacks motivation requires a different approach than one with a high degree of
motivation. You must know your people! The fundamental starting point is
having a good understanding of human nature, such as needs, emotions, and
motivation. You must become to know your members' be, know, and do
attributes.
b. Leader
You must have an honest understanding of who you are, what you know,
and what you can do. Also, note that it is the followers, not the leader who
determines if a leader is successful. If they do not trust or lack confidence in
their leader, then they will be uninspired. To be successful you have to convince
your followers, not yourself or your superiors, that you are worthy of being
followed.
c. Communication
You lead through two-way communication. Much of it is nonverbal. For
instance, when you "set the example," that communicates to your people that
you would not ask them to perform anything that you would not be willing to do.
What and how you communicate either builds or harms the relationship between
you and your members.
d. Situation
All are different. What you do in one situation will not always work in
another. You must use your judgment to decide the best course of action and
the leadership style needed for each situation. For example, you may need to
confront an employee for inappropriate behavior, but if the confrontation is too
late or too early, too harsh or too weak, then the results may prove ineffective.
4. Team Development (Sergio J. Lee, 2005)
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The development of a team is based on the assumption that any team is able to
work more effectively if its members are familiar with the four factors that contribute
to team development and effectiveness. These are:
a. Shared goals and objectives

The team must state the goals and objectives. The goal must be an
overall understanding of the role of the team in the total organization.
b. Utilization of Resources
The team must use effectively all the resources at its disposal. This
means establishing an environment that allows individual resources to be
used. Maximum uses of team members require full participation and self-
regulation.
c. Trust and Conflict Resolution

The ability to openly recognize conflict and to seek to resolve it through
discussion is critical to the team’s success.
d. Shared Leadership
Individuals will not function as a team if they are brought together
simply to “rubber stamp” decision made by the team’s formal leader or others
not in the team. The development and cohesion of a team occurs only where
there is a feeling of shared leadership among all team members.
5. BUILDING A BETTER TEAM (Sergio J. Lee, 2005)

The following aspects are necessary for building a better team:
a. Teamwork reflects Camaraderie

A team will not work if members are self-centered and if they do not
know each other. There will be no fun, excitement and sharing.
b. Teamwork reflects Unity

Whatever the outcome of the project, it is the team that works towards
it. It is not a single stick anymore, but a bundle of sticks hard to break, strong
and fighting.
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c. Teamwork divides the Effort and multiplies the Success

Each group has ample zest and inspiration to become a dream team.
6. SYMPTOMS of TEAM PROBLEMS

Any social organization has its own problems. Below describes and explains
some symptoms of common team problems.
SYMPTOMS DESCRIPTION EXPLANATION
Backbiting and Members of the team openly Team members are not cleared
complaining complain about and find fault about standards, leading to a
with one another. loss of control over one another.
Presence of a “spy Members of the team suspect New members have difficulty
of the owner.” and distrust new members breaking into the established
team.
Two coalitions The team has two factions, one of The team experiences a lack of
which has very little influence or cohesiveness.
power.
Personal Stress Stress shows up in the team Team members feel threatened
members, evidences by “blowing and thus become less efficient
up” and physical symptoms. and more dissatisfied.
Combative Team members resort to yelling Team members express conflict

behavior and to combative behavior in the through the use of threats,
name of playing the devil’s attacks and so on.
advocate.
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Infinite Details Team members scrutinize every Team members distrust one
detail and check all aspects of another and fear being penalized
minor or major decisions. for errors.
Amount of time to Decisions on minor issues are Team members feel a lack of
make decisions brought to the top of the trust directly related to team
organization, requiring excessive problem-solving.
time.
Shifting and Decisions are often changed Team members are not willing to
changing shortly after being made. commit the team to a unified
decisions course of action.
Reference: Sergio J. Lee, 2005.
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LET’S INITIATE!
1. What are the values that are important to you as a leader?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. How do you measure your own performance as a student?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. How would you describe your leadership style?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
LET’S INQUIRE!
questions below.
1. What can you do to motivate yourself, classmates, friends or team?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. How do you handle disagreements among your classmates or friends?

_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 42
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Give five (5) qualities of a good leader and briefly explain each quality.
Qualities of a good Leader
SCP-NSTP1 | 43
LET’S INITIATE!
Activity 1. Let us check your comprehension on the
discussions above. Answer truthfully the following
questions. Write your answers to the space provided below
1. What is the Value of your Vote?
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2. What is Registration?
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
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3. What is the validation of registration?
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
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___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
LET’S INQUIRE!
Activity 1. In this activity, you are required to expound your
answer to each of the questions below.
1. Why should you register?

___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
2. How often are Elections held?
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___
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SCP-NSTP1 | 44
Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Carefully examine the picture below. Base on your own
interpretation, explain what the cartoon is all about.
Figure 1https://www.google.com/search
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 45
Volunteerism
Week 13
Lesson Title Community Organization and Development (Continuation)

1. discuss the Dimensions of Development;
Learning Outcome(s) 2. value the importance of Community
Organization and Development
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Development- is a quest for an improved quality of life for all. It is
multidimensional; it has political, economic, social, cultural, institutional and
environmental dimensions.” (Lee and Tui, 2005)
Essential Content
II. People-Centered Development Management and Empowerment
A. Introduction
In any community both the motivation to take action and unity in effort or
struggle, depend very much on having clear and common goals and values. And in
any program, it is important to involve people actively in expressing the ultimate
purpose of the group. People’s capacity for participation, on the one hand, in the
creation of sustainable communities must be strengthened through efforts to
rapidly expand people’s organization and awareness. It is important to recognize
and build from existing organizations and make resources available.
Formal education has led many people away from the villages and away from the
day-to-day experience of poverty. The interventions as development workers can
sometimes be quite inappropriate and it might be considered as a cultural invasion.
How can we truly listen to the people?
B. People – Centered Development Management:
Development is dynamic with respect to changes and transformation of people’s

attitudes, behavior and organizational structures. It involves mobilization of people
and resources. It is people oriented and participatory in development programs that
bring about the EMPOWERMENT of people.
SCP-NSTP1 | 46
People-centered Development seeks to return control over resources to

people and their communities to be used in meeting their own needs. This creates
incentives for the responsible stewardship of resources that is essential to
sustainability. It goes beyond the Concept of COMMUNITY Development by
contending that PEOPLE at the GRASSROOTS LEVEL define their NEEDS. They
can and should also plan, implement and evaluate their own development process.
Outsiders can serve as development catalyst but if training is successful, people
themselves become further empowered to take over the development process.
a. Five Core Concepts of Development: (UN Development Institute, 1997)
1. Man as the END of Development.

2. Man as SUBJECT and not as OBJECT.
3. Development of Collective personality of man in which he finds his richest
expressions.
4. PARTICIPATION as the true FORM of DEMOCRACY.
5. SELF-RELIANCE as the expression of MAN’s FAITH in his own abilities.
b. Three Core Values of Development (Relating to Fundamental Human

Needs): (Michael Todaro, 1978)
1. Life Sustenance – the ability to provide basic necessities, a means of

overcoming the helplessness and misery of the people in need.
2. Self – Esteem – the person’s sense of self-worth and self-respect especially
the confidence of not being used by others for their own needs.
3. Freedom from Servitude – is the ability to choose. It refers to the
fundamental sense of FREEDOM or emancipation from the alienating
conditions of life.
C. Community Empowerment
1. Empowerment
What does “empower” mean? Power means control, authority and dominion. The
prefix “em” means “to put on to” or “to cover with.” Empower, then is to pass an
authority and responsibility. (Wellins, et.al. 1991)
• Empowerment, therefore, occurs when power goes to the project

implementers. It is the process in which people take action to overcome
the obstacles to progress. This action involves getting more control over
their situation. Most organizations believe that a commitment to
continuous improvement by all members is a must to remain competitive.
Empowerment and the energy that comes with feelings of ownership are
necessary pre-requisites for continuous improvement.
SCP-NSTP1 | 47
• Empowerment is facilitated by a combination of factors, including values,

leadership actions, job structure, training and reward systems.
2. Community Empowerment and Program Sustainability
Community Empowerment (CE) means giving community people the

freedom to do their own thinking and to reflect on the improvement of their
situation.
CE is freeing individuals from instructions and control and allowing them
to take decisions by themselves. It is clearly linked to quality development
management which explores the individual’s best ability to manage the
pressures of change.
3. Three Main Objectives of Empowerment (John L. Thompson, 1997)
a. To make organizations more responsive to external pressure.

b. To “de-layer” organizations in order to make them more effective.
c. To create networks featuring team working, collaboration and horizontal
communication.
As empowerment is increased it is important that community people are properly

informed and made knowledgeable, that they are motivated to exercise power and
that they rewarded for successful outcomes.
4. THE EIGHT (8) PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES FOR PEOPLE

EMPOWERMENT (L. Malbog, 2003)
a. Community Organizing – this starting point identifies where the people

are and what they have. Goals: promoting capacity building, empowerment
and self-reliance.
b. Social Analysis – after the first step, social analysis of the community
situation is a must. It is necessary to help solve the problems and needs
of the people and helps to identify suitable community projects.
c. Projects Identification – gains meaning if we allow the people discover
potential projects.
d. Feasibilty Study Preparation – people must take the lead role in doing
feasibility study of their developmment projects. They must be the ones to
identify the projects to be implemented.
e. Project Selection and Approval – people must be able to decide the
project they want to implement. It is a continuous and dynamic process
involving decision making with a collective responsibility and
accountability.
SCP-NSTP1 | 48
f. Project Implementation – Actual participation of the people shall be fully

harnessed to meet their objectives.
g. Project Management and Sustenance – once completed the project must
be continually managed and sustained. The project must serve as an
avenue for the people’s continuing capability BUILDING, SELF-RELIANCE
and EMPOWERMENT.
h. Project Monitoring and Evaluation – People must be able to monitor and
evaluate their projects. This is necessary for the people to periodically
discuss and act timely enough on whatever problems that they may
encounter in the project implementation and management.
Participatory Approaches – are methods by which we can encourage people’s

active and equitable contribution towards their own, and their society’s development.
Using participatory approaches can ensure that development interventions are better
targeted; that they are more appropriate to people needs, and can be more effective,
efficient and have better impact. And it implies a process of sharing information and
understanding between governments, development organizations civic organizations
and communities, the traditional boundaries between development ‘providers’ and
‘beneficiaries’ are broken down and people feel greater ‘ownership’ of the development
process.
Content References/ Search Indicator
Modules on Good Citizenship Values: Good Citizenship Movement EPPC in partnership with
CHED 2008
AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP)
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/01/23/republic-act-no-9163/
SCP-NSTP1 | 49
LET’S INITIATE! Activity 1.
Name: ___________________________ Date Performed: _______
What issue do you want to work on?
1. Think of the recent issue you have heard from the radio, seen from the television or
read in the newspaper. Share your thoughts or opinion about the issue.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Cite 2-3 problems or issues that you think your community is facing today. Simply
explain each issue.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. As a member of your community, how do you think you can help to resolve the
problems or issues in your community?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 50
I
LET’S NQUIRE!
Activity 1. Write down below the things you can do.
1. Something “I can do…”
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Identify at least five issues our country is facing today. Briefly
explain the issue and recommend solutions to solve the problem.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
SCP-NSTP1 | 51
WEEK 13 Volunteerism
Lesson Title Community Organization and Development (Continuation)
Learning Outcome(s) 1. Discuss the dimensions of development;

2. Value the importance of community organization and
development
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Essential Content
VOLUNTEERISM
A. Introduction
“Service is a choice” and not a chore in the sense that not all are freely willing
to render community activities. It is not an ordinary housework which can be done
anytime as desired. It all depends on the firm belief of the individuals that service to
fellowmen is a noble and worthy gesture of a responsible citizenship that drive them to
devote their time, money, and effort to render a service to humanity to the best they
can.
B. Meaning of Volunteerism
It is the willingness of people to work on behalf of others without the expectation

of pay or other tangible gains.
It is also defined as the act of willingly and freely contributing one’s time, talents
for worthwhile purposes, be it culturally, educationally, environmentally, socially,
morally, or politically, without regard for tangible gains or monetary considerations. It
is the basic act of citizenship and philanthropy in society.
It is the act of performing a service at his own free will or initiative. In economics,
working without pay is voluntary employment. It may be done for altruistic reasons,
like charity, as a hobby, community service or vocation, or for the purpose of gaining
experience. Some go so far as to dedicate much of their lives to voluntary service. People
extend services to improve their surroundings, helping the needy to ease out disparity,
SCP-NSTP1 | 52
caring and distributing to change, while they gain skills, self-esteem and change their
lives. Others work to improve other people’s lives and in return, enhance their own.
1. Volunteer
• Is a person who works without being told and who does not expect
payment in return.
• Is one who willingly devotes his time and shares his expertise in
performing community service.
• Is a person who feels responsible of helping, solving problems and causing
changes in others and enhancing his own skills as well.
2. Reasons for Active Involvements
• It feels good. The satisfaction and pride you feel when helping others are
important as volunteer. When you commit your time and effort to an
organization you care about, the feeling of fulfillment can be endless.
• It strengthens your community. Organizations who make use of volunteers
are providing important services at no cost to those who need them. When
community is doing well, the individuals are better off, too.
• It can strengthen the family. Volunteerism is a wonderful way for families
to have fun and feel closer to each other to boot. It doesn’t require
enormous amounts of time. You could choose one or two projects a year
and turn it into a family tradition at certain times a such as making and
donating gift baskets to care facilities for the elderly around the holidays.
3. Benefits in Community Service
• A sense of responsibility. By volunteering, children and teens learn what

it means to make and keep a commitment. They learn how to be on time
for a job, do their best, and be proud of the results. Be responsible for the
well-being of our entire community.
• The knowledge that one person can make a difference. A wonderful,
empowering message for a child is that he or she is important enough to
have an impact on someone or something else.
• The benefit of sacrifice. By giving up a toy to a less fortunate child, a
child learns that it’s good to sacrifice sometimes. Cutting back on
recreation time to help clean up a beach tells kids that there are important
things other than ourselves and our immediate needs.
• Tolerance. Working in community service can bring kids and teens in
touch with people of different backgrounds, abilities, ethnicities, ages and
education and income levels. They will likely find that even the most
diverse individuals can be united by common values.
SCP-NSTP1 | 53
• Job skills. Community service can help young people decide on their
future careers. Are they interested in the medical fields? Hospitals and
clinics often have teenage volunteer programs. Do they love politics? Kids
can work on the real campaigns of local political candidates. Learning to
work as a team member, taking on leadership roles, setting project goals
– these are all skills that can be gained by volunteering and will service a
child well in any future career.
• How to fill idle time wisely. It a child isn’t involved in traditional after-
school activities, community service can be a wonderful alternative.
4. Benefits of Volunteering
➢ It can help you explore and develop your interest and potentials.
➢ It can provide direction for future career goals.
➢ It enables one to make new friends and meet unique, interesting people
➢ Volunteer work can pep-up your resume’ as you prepare to apply for a
job.
➢ It keeps people busy and active.
➢ It gives back to the community
➢ It is a way of capturing a lifetime experience in certain field and donating
that experience to a good cause.
➢ It is fun!
C. Meaning of Community Service

Institution of higher education had identified community services through formal
and non-formal consultation with non-profit governmental and community based
organizations designed to improve the quality life of community residents, particularly
the low income individuals. Problems related to their needs in terms of poor nutrition,
congested and illiterate environmental, financial incapacities could be addressed as
well.
Community Service refers to service that a person performs for the benefit of
his or her community. People become involved in community are an altruistic act and
for others it is a punishment.
Community Service that engages the youth is often called youth service. It is a
methodology that is simultaneously employed to strengthen your people’s sense of civic
engagement and nationalism as well as to assist them in meeting educational,
developmental and social goals.
This refers to the projects undertaken by youth organizations such as the Boy
Scouts/Girls Scouts, ROTC’s and others that high school students perform. It is also
an alternative sentencing technique in a justice system. At times, people will commit
SCP-NSTP1 | 54
to perform service to the community as s gesture to the larger community, as part of

gift economics. Recently, mandatory community researches increased in many schools
in the United States and even in Philippine schools especially those aiming for
accreditation. A study was done to prove, that students who maintain a weekly
community service record of 85 percent of their time, are more likely to succeed and
have a higher grade point average than those who do nothing at all.
Some of community service projects:
✓ Clean the park or main streets

✓ Collecting used clothing, shoes, food, educational materials
✓ Helping out a local fire or police department
✓ Helping out a barangay library.
✓ Performing health assessment
✓ Coastal clean-up and other beautification projects.
✓ Participating in school activities that benefit community
✓ Reforestation or tree planting
✓ Getting involved with habitat for humanity
✓ Provide food preparation demonstration
✓ Tutoring developmentally disabled children for free.
✓ Blood donation
✓ Proper waste disposal
✓ Cooperativism
✓ Environmental rehabilitation
SCP-NSTP1 | 55
LET’S INITIATE!
Activity 1. Let us try to check your own understanding of the topics. Write your
1. What would you do to help if you have no money?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What is volunteer work?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What personal benefit can you gain by volunteering?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 56
LET’S INQUIRE!
questions below.
1. Would you like to work as a volunteer?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Would you volunteer to help people outside your community?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. List five (5) reasons why people need to volunteer.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
SCP-NSTP1 | 57
Week 14 SOCIAL MOBILIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY

Lesson Title Social mobilization and responsibility
Learning Outcome(s)
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
1. Social Mobilization – is a broad-scale movement to engage people’s

participation in achieving a specific development goal through self-
reliant efforts.
The concept of SM emerged from the recognition that a genuine

participatory approach to development is essential for success and
sustainability.
2. Social Responsibility – is defined as a moral, legal or mental

accountability. It relates to interaction between the individual and the
group taking into consideration the welfare of the human being as a
member of the society. Man must accept the responsibility for himself.
There is no meaning to life except the meaning man gives his life by the
unfolding of his powers to live productively. We have to remember that:
Essential Content
SOCIAL MOBILIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY
A. Introduction
The concept of social mobilization emerged from the recognition that a genuine
participatory approach to development is essential for success and
sustainability.
It must engage all citizens beyond elections to active participation in making

decisions that affect their lives. Engaging people requires efforts and
mechanisms that can empower all, but most especially the disadvantaged
members of society, to participate effectively in development process.
SCP-NSTP1 | 58
This is very important for influencing people to build capacity to act on

their own behalf has been called the “central paradox of social development.
The top-down-bottom-up relationship designed to empower is itself based on

unequal power. All communities have individual human resources that need to
be enhanced and mobilized if development is to be sustainable and in the long
run autonomous. The community people have to be organized to work together
in close proximity to share common interests for community development.
Characteristic Features of Social Mobilization (Development Journal of the

United Nations)
1. It is a broad scale movement. It engages and mobilizes large numbers of

people in action to achieve development goals.
2. It is planned process. It seeks to facilitate change and development.
3. It entails accountability. It takes into account the felt needs of the people;
embraces critical principle of community involvement; and seeks to
empower individuals to action.
4. It includes problem recognition. It begins with conscious recognition of
problems and seeks the probable solutions to the problems.
5. It is a problem-solving advocacy. It involves building consensus between
those affected and those who have the solution to the problems so as to
arrive at a decision, including the allocation of adequate resources.
6. It includes Decision-Making. It includes initiations, discussion and
making decision for political will, action and resource commitment.
7. It fosters acceptance / commitment. It generates acceptance of new
ideas, attitudes and technologies.
B. The Benefits of Social Mobilization: (Giselle-dela Cruz)

1. Poverty Alleviation. It enables communities and the poor to help
themselves to engage in activities that solve their own problems and
track poverty in its multi-dimensional form.
2. Promoting Democratic Governance. Poverty and bad governance
mutually reinforce each other. Social mobilization must be
institutionalized within the government to encourage community
participation in decision making, to build capacity for participatory
planning, to build a common vision of development and to ensure
transparency/.
3. Conflict Prevention. It helps organize people to address common
problems and to collectively improve the socio-economic conditions in an
equitable, democratic and transparent manner. Possibility of conflict can
be significantly reduced.
4. Sustainable Environment. It organizes people to better manage their
natural resources, fight illegal practices and establish organizations that
promote sustainable environmental management programs through
appropriate legal, regulatory and institutional frameworks and policy
dialogue.
SCP-NSTP1 | 59
C. A Community For Mobilization
Before mobilization commences or before sending reinforcement in an

area, it is imperative to ascertain whether that community conforms to the
criteria in the selection of partner community as an assurance of success.
1. Main Criteria in the Selection of partner Community
a. Felt Need. This criterion is very basic in mobilizing. When the

community is really in need of outside intervention due to economic,
cultural and social constraints and maybe the desire for recognition
and power, people need not be told, they would voluntarily lay down
their problems. They would even manifest their responsiveness by
their eagerness to offer what they could contribute as their share in
the reinforcement.
b. Probability For Success. This criterion is as important as felt need.
For every endeavor, there is always the hope to attain success.
Because successful activities motivate more mobilizations.
2. Factors Influencing Success
a. Information about the Communities. A wide range of communities

to choose from Planning and Facilitating Meetings:
a. Meetings can make or break an organization. All meetings should help

meet the basic principles of direct action organizing.
1. Meetings should help the organization win concrete goals that
matter and that are accomplished.
2. Meetings should give people a sense of their own power through
active participations in discussions.
3. Meetings should begin to change the relations of power to build or
strengthen the organization to plan for the growth and the
development of the organization that has real power in the
community.
b. Meeting Facilitation – Facilitating a meeting requires someone to:

a. understand the goals of the meeting and the organization,
b. keep the group on the agenda and move forward,
c. involve everyone in the meeting, both controlling the domineering
people and drawing out the shy ones, and
d. Make sure that decisions are made democratically.
c. Some Guides for Meeting Facilitation:
SCP-NSTP1 | 60
1. Start the meeting promptly.

2. Welcome everyone
3. Introduce people
4. Review the agenda
5. Explain the meeting rules
6. Encourage participation
7. Stick to the agenda
8. Avoid detailed decision-making
9. Move to action
10. Seek commitment
11. Bring closure to discussion
12. Respect everyone’s rights
13. Be flexible
14. Summarize the meeting results and follow-up.
15. Thank people
16. Close the meeting on or before the ending time
17. Ask the “note-taker” to prepare meeting notes (Minutes of meeting)
soon after the meeting
18. Place a copy of the ‘minutes’ in organizational file for everybody to
know where it is kept. The minutes are legal record of the
organization.
d. Participating in Community Meetings:

Everyone who participates in meetings has a responsibility to
help make the meeting a success. Below are some DOs and DON’Ts
for participating in the meetings.
DO:
3. Personally welcome new people.

4. Actively listen to others.
5. Support the facilitator in moving the agenda ahead
6. Recommend ways to resolve differences.
7. Participate in discussions.
8. Encourage new people to speak and volunteer
9. Help set up and clean up the room
10. Be positive and upbeat throughout the meeting
11. Tell a joke or add a light comment to ease the tension in a different
discussion.
DON’T:
1. Dominate the discussion

2. Bring up tangents
3. Dwell on past problems
4. Insist that people support your ideas
SCP-NSTP1 | 61
Conclusion
Social Mobilization is an approach that empowers people to participate actively

in developmental process – through their own local initiatives and through well-
informed and constructive dialogue at the policy level. It is an essential tool for
mobilizing and engaging isolated, passive and poor members society, hence its
popularity with poverty reduction and decentralized governance programs
worldwide. Its effectiveness depends to a large extent on the appropriateness of
the approaches used within a given cultural, socioeconomic and political
environment. On the whole, it is effective tool for building a well-informed,
proactive, and strong civil society, making it a valuable partner for government
and the private sector in shaping national development that is equitable and
sustainable.
LET’S INITIATE!
1. What is social mobilization?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What is social responsibility?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What is the importance of social mobilization and social responsibility in the

society?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 62
LET’S INITIATE!
1. Explain briefly in your own words the benefits of social mobilization.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain briefly on your own words the characteristics of social mobilization.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. List down some DOs and DON’Ts for participating in the meetings.
SCP-NSTP1 | 63
Week 15 Environmental/Ecological Management

The Many Faces of Planet Earth,Ecological Programs and
Lesson Title
Development,Classification and Sources of Pollution
1. understand the important of the environment

Learning Outcome(s) 2. identify the faces of planet
3. apply the value of the earth ecological programs
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Essential Content
Environmental/Ecological Management
Introduction
Ecology comes from the Greek word “oikos” or house and “logos” the study of.
It is defined as the scientific study of the interrelationship of plants, animals and
the environment.
The plants and trees in the Philippines forests are the sources ft our
medicines. The seas, rivers and waters are the sources of fish. It is only in the
Philippines where the fish die of old age and yet the country imports sardines.
Some Filipino fishermen still use dynamite in fishing which destroys the
ecological balance of nature. There are other environmental problems that our
world is facing now that would include population growth, pollution of water, air,
land, poverty, waste disposal, deforestation and the loss of species. In this
respect, the Filipino needs a lot education in ecology. Environment Education
had been introduced in the Philippine Educational System for many years, but
it had never been properly and strongly addressed to ensure functional
environmental programs.
In our daily newspapers, it is very alarming to note that there is an

alarming and rapidly deteriorating ecological situation in the country. There is a
continuing rape of our forests and seas, the unabated soil erosion of our
mountains and shores, the destruction of watersheds, the drying up of rivers
and their pollution with harmful chemical. The wanton exploitation of our land
SCP-NSTP1 | 64
and waters is the “root of many of our economic and political problems”, and a
“more deep-seated crisis” than “political instability, economic decline and a
growth in armed conflict.
The Many Faces of Planet Earth
1. Global Warming caused by “Greenhouse Effect”
According to Toh, Swee-Him & Cawagas (1990), people all over the world are
increasingly alarmed over the rapid deterioration of our natural environment.
The continuing depletion of the ozone layer of the planet earth as well as global
warming through the ‘greenhouse effect,” there is a prediction that there will be
an increase in the incidence of skin cancer and other ailments due to harmful
solar radiation. The rising global temperature would cause the melting of glaciers
and polar caps, which will result in severe flooding in coastal cities and
communities. The so-called ‘greenhouse effect’ is compounded as countries
continue to burn fossil fuels like coal, oil, natural gas and other petroleum
byproducts, which increase the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere.
Further, they say that the destruction of rainforests in all continents adds to
this “greenhouse effect” by disrupting the process that transforms carbon dioxide
to oxygen. At the same time, myriads of valuable plants and animal species are
killed and suffer extinction. Rainforests are essential in the functioning and
maintenance of natural water systems. They hold rainwater and then gradually
release the water into the ground, the rivers and the lakes. With the death of
rainforests, streams and rivers have gone dry while during the rainy season,
massive soil erosion and floods occur, causing further social and ecological
damage (e.g. landslides, silting, loss of crops, even loss of species).
2. Effects of Pollution
Even our marine resources are greatly affected by pollution which are
brought by industrial wastes and mine tailings that are dumped into our rivers,
lakes and seas. The rich countries are also contributors to ecological breakdowns
in the Third world. Because of the lower pollution standards of our country, they
take an advantage by dumping toxic wastes into the air, land and waters of the
host nations.
In the urban areas, especially in Metro Manila, the air that we breathe is
no longer safe. It poses danger to our health. The unhealthy attitude of Filipinos
throwing garbage into the rivers, lakes and seas can cause death, because the
marine resources are being contaminated with “red tide” and other poisonous
chemicals. The “red tide” phenomenon is truly one message from nature to
remind all of us of the harsh reality that the garbage we throw will go back to us
in another form of trash.
SCP-NSTP1 | 65
3. Environmental Crisis
The Filipino people living in the mountains do not stop from cutting trees,
Philippine forests are not being conserved, so, as a result, there are often
brownouts and power shortages which greatly affect our economy and
consequently the whole country.
The increasing number of tragedies brought by our abusive acts against

nature like flash floods in Baguio, Nueva Vizcaya, Antipolo and San Mateo;
volcanic eruption in Bicol, Taal, and Zambales in which the latest is “Lahar”,
many Filipinos suffer the consequences of our own abuses to mother nature.
This is the picture of our Planet Earth. As a Filipino citizen, how can we be of
help to our Mother Earth? What can we do in order to minimize, if not totally
eradicate, abuses in our environment? Let us not forget that everything that we
see in this world is a gift from God, which we have to treasure. Let us love and
protect nature. Let us not lose hope for God is always with us. He has taught us
and planted in our hearts the good things that we have to do to protect our
environment.
This environment crisis is an urgent issue to be resolved by each and every one
of us. Let us join hands in protecting nature. Act now!
Ecological Programs and Development
The prevalence of many of our current environmental changes – air and water
pollution, global warming, habitat fragmentation and conversion – is in part due
to the way in which we have built our neighborhoods, communities and
metropolitan areas during the past half centuries – dispersed, inaccessible, and
automobile-oriented – in a word, sprawling.
The farther we have to travel between home and work, work and play, the more
likely it is that we will drive. Thus, it should not be surprising that as the
distances between trip origins and destinations have increased so has the
amount of driving we have done. The end result of all of this driving is that the
nation’s air quality has suffered. Research has shown that in fact, pedestrian
and transit-friendly communities have a positive impact on air quality by
improving travel alternatives.
As we build, we replace our natural landscape – forests, wetlands, and

grasslands with streets, parking lots, rooftops and other impervious surfaces.
The effect of this conversion is that storm water, runoff that prior to development
was filtered and captured by natural landscape, is trapped above impervious
surfaces and accumulates and runs off into streams, lakes and estuaries,
picking up pollutants along the way. Runoff can be reduced through clustering
of development, thereby leaving larger open spaces and buffers. Although
compact development generates higher runoff and pollutants loads within a
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development, total runoff and pollutants loads are offset by reductions in

surrounding undeveloped areas.
As development moves further and further to the metropolitan fringe, it competes

with open space habitat and prime farmland. Loss of open space impacts the
environment in multiple ways. First, we lose many of the natural landscape
features we value – forests, wetlands, etc. Second, we lose the functions that
these features provide – runoff control, wildlife migration, etc. And in the
instance of farmland loss, we hasten the use of lesser quality soils for production;
and increasing dependency on irrigation, fertilizers and chemicals. The
communities should pursue open space protection and development objectives
through the clustering of development activity away from sensitive natural areas.
Classification and Sources of Pollution
Pollution is defined as the alteration of our surroundings, wholly and

largely as a product of man’s actions, through direct and indirect effects that
changes every pattern of chemical and physical constituents of organisms.
Air Pollution is the physical and chemical alteration of the properties of

AIR HARMFUL to Human Health, vegetation and animals.
Major Type of Air Pollution:
1. Outdoor Pollution – is a type of pollution derived from the mixture or

collection of additional loads of chemicals produced by natural events and
human activities which react with the natural components of the
atmosphere thereby producing harmful effects to living systems.
Major Sources:
• burning of fossil fuels for power consumption.

• Photochemical and industrial smog.
• Volcanic eruption that emits sulfur dioxide
• Forest fire, ‘kaingin’
2. Indoor Air Pollution – is a type of pollution derived from the accumulation

or build up of chemicals, suspended Particulates Matter (Dust, soot,
lead…) and Volatile Organic Compound (Methane, Butane) inside offices,
buildings, houses, schools and commercial stores.
Sources and Classes:
• Aerosol Sprays (Breathing difficulty)

• Chlorine Treated Water (Cancer)
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• Tabacco and Cigarettes (Lung cancer and Heart Disease)

• Paint Stripper and Thinner ( Diabetes and Nerve disorder)
• Gas stove, kerosene, heater, wood, stone (Respiratory Disorder)
Effects of Air Pollution:
Air Pollution is responsible for major health problems. It has ruined or

endangered the health of countless people.
• Damage to human health includes

➢ Over loading and degrading of body’s defense mechanisms.
➢ Chronic bronchitis;
➢ Emphysema (rapture of lung air sacs); and Lung cancer.
• Damage to plants include to dehydration and inhibition of
photosynthesis
• Damage to materials are discoloration of clothing materials and cars.
• Depletion of ozone layer leads to increase global warming caused by
‘greenhouse effect.”
Air pollution has indeed become a serious problem. In an effort to address

this problem, “Clean Air Act” was passed in 1999 to provide comprehensive and
integrated policy for air quality management. The law set the national standards
for the protection of the environment and the improvement of the quality of the air
we breathe.
Other AIR POLLUTION
Acid rain is a kind of air pollution. When coal, oil, or gasolines are
burned, they release harmful gases into the air. These gases mix with the
moisture that is always present in the air and form weak acids. Wind can
carry the acidic droplets huge distances. Eventually, these droplets return
to the ground as acid rain or as acid hail, snow, sleet, or even fog.
Acid rain looks, feels, and tastes just like clean rain. For humans,
walking in acid rain, or even swimming in a lake polluted by acid rain, is
no more dangerous than walking or swimming in clean water. But acid rain
is extremely harmful to the environment.
THE EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN
When acid rain gets into lakes and streams, it kills the fish and other
animals and plants that live there. Many rivers in Scandinavia no longer
have any fish. All the fish have been killed by acid rain. Acid rain can also
damage plants on land, including farm crops and forests. By the mid-
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DEPARTMENT
1980s, acid
rain had
damaged or killed almost half of the trees in Germany’s Black Forest.
The outside surfaces of stone buildings and monuments can also be

corroded, or worn away, by acid rain. Some of the world’s greatest buildings
and monuments show signs of damage caused by acid rain. Acid rain eats
away at the steel in bridges and railings as well.
WHERE DOES ACID RAIN COME FROM?
Acid rain is not natural, but it’s also not new. The problem began in
the 1700s with the Industrial Revolution. It has been growing ever since.
In the past, city air was sooty from thousands of coal fires. The soot turned
buildings black and produced acid rain. Trees and other plants near large
industrial cities were dead or dying. Today, people burn less coal, but there
are many more fuelburning power stations, cars, trucks, buses, and
aircraft. All of these pollute the air and contribute to acid rain.
REDUCING ACID RAIN
Most of the gases that produce acid rain come from power stations,
factories, and vehicles. Power stations and factory chimneys can be fitted
with devices that remove these gases. Cars can be fitted with catalytic
converters, which reduce the pollution in exhaust fumes. Unfortunately,
the devices to reduce the acid gases are expensive. Not all governments,
companies, and individuals are willing to spend the extra money on them.
HARMFUL CHEMICALS PRODUCED
Factories, cars, and trucks release smoke containing chemicals into

the air. These chemicals are acids—substances that can destroy the objects
they touch. Some of these acids fall on land, lakes, rivers, and streams.
1. ACIDS MIX WITH CLOUDS

Some acids mix with water vapor in clouds to form acid droplets.
Winds can carry clouds with acid droplets for long distances.
2. CLOUDS DROP MOISTURE

Clouds release their moisture in the form of acid rain or acid snow.
Chemicals in the rain and snow fall on lakes, forests, and buildings.
3. ACID RAIN DAMAGE

Chemicals in acid rain and acid snow harm living things. These
chemicals can kill entire forests. They poison lakes, streams, and rivers,
killing fish and other animals that drink from or swim in these waters.
Chemicals in acid rain and acid snow even eat away at the stone of
buildings.
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GLOBAL WARMING
Do you like warm weather? Do you wish it could be warmer still? Be

careful what you wish for. The Earth may be moving in that direction. The
trend is called global warming. Not all scientists agree that global warming
is happening. Some say it is impossible to know if the climate is changing
overall. After all, temperatures vary from day to day and year to year.
Most scientists, however, say the trend is up. The warmest days are
warmer, the coldest days not as cold. They point out that the ten warmest
years of the last century happened after 1980. The three hottest came after
1990. The hottest year on record was 1998.
These scientists say the Earth has warmed up about 1° Fahrenheit
(0.6° Celsius) in the last 100 years. The rate of change, they say, is speeding
up. A hundred years from now, the Earth may well be as much as ten
degrees hotter!
WHAT CAUSES GLOBAL WARMING?

Sunlight brings energy to the Earth. This light turns to heat when it
hits the ground. The heat in turn seeps away from the Earth, but the
atmosphere slows the heat’s escape. The atmosphere is a layer of air
around the planet. It holds in some of the warmth. The atmosphere is a
mixture of many gases.
In the last 250 years, this mixture has been changing. The amounts
of gases such as methane and carbon dioxide have been rising. These gases
trap heat more effectively than other gases. They make the Earth’s
atmosphere act like the glass in a greenhouse. It lets sunlight in, but it
doesn’t let heat out. As a result, heat is building up close to the surface.
WHY IS THE ATMOSPHERE CHANGING?

People are changing the atmosphere. The changes started hundreds
of years ago when people began cutting down forests and burning the wood.
The invention of cars and other machines greatly increased the amount of
greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. Such machines burn fuels
like wood, coal, oil, and natural gas. When these fuels burn, they add
carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Methane comes from producing coal.
Today, the air contains almost one-third more carbon dioxide than it
did in 1750. The amount of methane has doubled.
IS GLOBAL WARMING DANGEROUS?

Global warming could melt the ice at the poles. This would raise the
level of the oceans. Water would then cover all the flat coastal lands. People
would have less land on which to live and grow food.
Plants and animals are adapted to their climates. If the climate
changes rapidly, many may not be able to adapt. Some species will simply
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DEPARTMENT
die out.
Others may
spread to cooler climates. There, however, they will be struggling with
species already in place.
CAN GLOBAL WARMING BE STOPPED?

Burning less wood, coal, oil, and natural gas will help stop global warming.
Scientists recommend that people get more energy from sunlight, wind, tides,
nuclear energy, and other sources that don’t burn fuel. Energy sources like these
put little or no greenhouse gases into the air.
Scientists say trees can help prevent global warming. All growing
plants take carbon dioxide out of the air. Trees do this especially well. They
turn the carbon part of carbon dioxide into wood. They release the oxygen.
In recent years, people have been cutting down forests all over the world.
Scientists say vast new forests must be planted.
What can the CWTS do to help clean the air?
CWTS students can conduct information campaign on how the communities can
help clean the air. CWTS students can help educate the people in the community
by relaying to them the following suggestions to help clean the air.
1. For vehicle owners/motorists:

• Maintain vehicle by changing oil regularly (every 5,000 kilometers –
mileage)
• Keep the engine well-tuned based on the owner’s manual.
• Keep tires properly inflated.
• Plan trips and observe proper driving habits.
• Remove unnecessary things from the trunk. Don’t overload and
travel only at the speed required by traffic regulations and road
conditions.
2. For Commuters:
• Try talking to the jeep/bus/tricycle drivers about the high health
risks of poor vehicle maintenance.
• Patronize the mass transit such as bus and train (MRT, LRT)
3. For Office Workers:

• Reduce use of air conditioning units.
• Make sure that lights are energy efficient
• Use company vehicle wisely
• Use natural lighting by opening window curtains at daytimes.
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DEPARTMENT
Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached 4. At
Home:
• Use low-watt bulbs or energy saving light.
• Limit the use of air-conditioning units.
• Do not burn garbage.
• Avoid using aerosols.
• Properly dispose refrigerant, refrigeration, equipment and used
coolant.
5. For everyone:
• Talk to people on what they can do about air pollution.
• Report smoke-belcher to LTO, MMDA, and/or the appropriate local
government units.
• Walk or ride the bike.
• Take the bus or ride mass transit transportation.
• Do not burn garbage in community.
• Plant trees.
• Do not smoke in public places.
Water Pollution
Water pollution is defined as the physical or chemical changes in the surface and
ground water caused by pollutants and which can adversely affect living
organisms. Every year, 14 billion pounds of sewage, sludge and garbage are
dumped into the world’s oceans. The problem of ocean pollution affects every
nation around the world. This is true because water is able to transport pollution
form one location to another. With industrialization and rapid pollution growth,
the problem of water pollution has intensified.
Major Sources of Water Pollution
• Point sources refer to sources of discharges, pollutants or any

affluent, such as waste water, through pipes, ditches, and sewers
into bodies of water to specific location.
Sources: sewage treatment plants of factories, electric power
plants, abandoned underground coal mine, oil tanker and offshore
oil wells.
• Non-point sources are widely scattered and they discharge

pollutants over a large area
Sources: run off into surface water, seepage into ground water in
urban and suburban lands, and construction areas and roadways.
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DEPARTMENT
Causes of Water Pollution
One of the reasons for the severity of the problem on water pollution is the
unmonitored dumping of pollutants into bodies of water. Sewage, sludge, garbage
and even toxic pollutants are all dumped into the water. Across the world, about
half of all sewage is dumped into the bodies of water in its original form. No efforts
are made to disinfect the sewage or to remove especially harmful pollutants.
Even if sewage is treated, problems still arise. Treated sewage form sludge which
is sent out into the sea. Many cities and countries dump sewage into the sea.
Often, they place it near the coastline, thereby killing all the marine life in the
dumping area.
In addition to sewage, chemical dumped by industries and governments are another

major source of water pollution.
Oil such as that spilled by transport ships, has been dumped into the water since
the US civil war. Every year, between one and 10 billion tons of oil are spilled,
killing many species and destroying the marine ecosystem.
Effects of Water Pollution
The effects of water pollution vary, depending upon the chemicals dumped and
the location where these chemicals are dumped. Pasig River is a classic example
of how pollution can badly damage bodies of water. This body of water filled with
toxic waste and sewage, and routinely receives more waste when rainfall pushes
it into the harbor.
Problems:
• The main problem caused by water pollution is the destruction

of water-based ecosystems.
• Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants
such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny water-animals.
Later these tiny water-animals are consumed by fish and
shellfish, and the food chain continues at all higher levels.
• Humans are affected by this process as well. People can get
diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been
poisoned. Death may result by eating seafood infected by red
tide, for example.
Solid Wastes / Land Pollution
Land pollution refers to the presence of any solid waste in land in such quality,
of such nature and duration and under such conditions that are injurious to
human health and to the existence of plants and animals.
Solid wastes disposal is an issue in all countries. Most countries

produce millions of tons of household wastes and industrial toxic wastes
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DEPARTMENT
from
factories,
industries and hospitals. These wastes pollute the air, soil and water
because most countries and communities do not have safe means of
disposing them.
• When solid wastes are burned, toxic gases spread into the air,
causing air pollution.
• Some wastes are dangerous to public health because acid and
nondecomposable organic materials seep through the soil,
thus contaminating the drinking water and polluting farm
lands. Solid wastes take up space and produce unpleasant
smell.
Wastes end up in only three places:
1. Landfills which are sanitarily designed to reduce the amount of

waste that leaks out into the environment. It protects the
environment from pollution and uses the methane produced in
the landfill to generate electricity. Water dissolves pollutants out
of the garbage forming a solution known as leachate.
2. Incinerators which reduce solid waste by burning, however, this
is the source of flies, ashes, gases and particulate matters
emitted to the air.
3. Oceans where about 50 million tons of wastes a year are
discharged 300 kilometers off-shore. However, disease-causing
organisms and heavy metals have destroyed numerous fish
varieties.
Garbology: Garbage Management and Disposal Activities: What the CWTS

Students can do……..
Reuse item whenever possible

Encourage source reduction.
Compost the natural degradable organic wastes
Reuse and recycle plastics.
Reuse returnable and refillable glass bottles
Wash and reuse plastic and silverware plates. Use paper plates
instead of Styrofoam.
Save paper whenever possible, reuse paper bags, use scrap
paper for notes.
Reuse paper or plastic bags
Share newspaper, magazines with others.
Do not use incinerator
Save magazines, Styrofoam and the like for children’s arts.
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DEPARTMENT
Physically Detached Yet Academically Attached Nature
of Biodegradable
and Non-biodegradable Wastes
➢ Biodegradable Wastes or Organic Wastes such as food

wastes, lawn clippings, plant and animal wastes, and the like
are usually compostable, and can be reused as FEEDS,
FERMENTABLES, FUEL AND FERTILIZERS.
➢ Non-biodegradable Wastes (such as metals, plastics, glass
and so on) are factory returnable and can serve as potential
sources of livelihood projects ranging from BASKETRY to
WOODCRAFT.
The Four R’s of Waste Management: A Guiding Principle
The most cost-effective way to manage waste is to do something at the source of

generation. The sources of generation are the household, office or institution.
Waste Management activities such as sorting of waste and recovery can be
best done at these points. The following are the practical tips that should be at
the core of any ecological waste management:
✓ REDUCE – avoid wasteful consumption of goods. Begin by

asking the question: “Do I really need it? In doing so, waste
can be minimized and our natural resources can be conserved.
Conservation is like charity that begins at home.
✓ REUSE – whenever practicable, reuse useful items instead of
throwing them away. It would greatly help if reusable goods
are patronized.
✓ RECYCLE – waste can be a valuable resource. Items that are
useless or of little value to someone who wants to dispose of
them may have significant value to others. The process of
sorting out and using these wastes into something beneficial
is called recycling.
✓ REPAIR – have items repaired to make them functional and
reusable. Avoid throwing them.
Shop Talk – 10 Golden Rules
1. Buy local products.

2. Always take your own shopping bag.
3. Avoid “disposable” items.
4. Buy organically grown fruits and vegetables.
5. Look for minimum packaging.
6. Avoid aerosol sprays.
7. Buy products in reusable and returnable containers.
8. Avoid plastic packaging.
9. Support shops that offer products friendly to the environment.
10. Buy both recycled and recyclable products.
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DEPARTMENT
Why Recycle?
1. It saves energy.
2. It saves resources.
3. It saves money.
4. It saves space.
5. It creates jobs.
6. It reduces pollution.
Ref. Microsoft Student with Encarta Premium 2008.
What is the Ecological Solid Wastes Management Act of 2000?
Republic Act of 9003 considers “waste as a resource that can be

recovered,” emphasizing re-cycling, re-use and composting as methods to
minimize and eventually manage the waste program.
❖ This act aims for the reduction of solid waste through “source
reduction and waste minimization measures including
composting, recycling, re-use, recovery, green charcoal
process, and others before collection, treatment, and disposal
in inappropriate and environmentally sound solid waste
management facilities in accordance with ecologically
sustainable development principles” (Sec. 2 – C)
❖ It also sets to “ensure the proper segregation, collection,
transport, storage, treatment and disposal of solid waste
through the formulation and adoption of the best
environmental practice in ecological waste management
excluding incineration.” (Sec. 2-D)
Further, this Act gives strong emphasis on the role of municipal and
local government units (LGUs). It empowers the LGUs to create solid waste
management communities even in the barangay level. This requires the
participation of non-government offices, people’s organizations, church
leaders, educators, and other business and community associations.
Types of Wastes Identified by RA 9003.
1. Solid Wastes – these are all household, commercial wastes,

nonhazardous institutional and industrial wastes, street sweepings,
construction debris, agricultural wastes and other non-hazardous /
nontoxic solid wastes.
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DEPARTMENT
2. Special Wastes – these are household hazardous wastes as paints,
thinners, household batteries, lead-acid batteries, spray canisters
and the like. These include wastes from residential and commercial
sources that are composed of bulky wastes, consumer electronics,
white goods, yard wastes that are collected separately, oil and tire.
These wastes are usually handled separately from other residential
and commercial wastes.
3. Hazardous Wastes – these are solid, liquid, contained gaseous or
semisolid wastes that may cause or contribute to the increase in
mortality, or in serious or incapacitating reversible illness or
acute/chronic effect on the health of people and other organisms.
4. Infectious Wastes – these are mostly generated by hospitals’ wastes

and mining activities, which contaminate soil, and debris.
Proper Management of Solid Wastes
NABUBULOK
RESIDUAL
HANAPAN NG MAY PAKINABANG NA PAGLALAGYAN
BIODEGRADABLE/ NABUBULOK
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DEPARTMENT
• Food waste
• Fruit/vegetable peelings
• Seeds
• Bones
• Leaves/ branches
Twigs/ grass cutting
RECYCLABLES / NON-BIO, Which Represents 39% of Our Daily Domestic Waste.
•
• Cans/metals
• Glass/bottles
• Plastics/pvc/pet
• Styrofoam
• Rubber
• Dry paper/cardboard
• Dry cloth/fiber
• Inject/cartridge
• Car batteries
RESIDUAL WASTE, which Represents 13% Of Our Daily Domestic Waste. Residual
Waste Are:
Either Retrieved by our Eco-aids or brought to us by accredited Scavengers.
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DEPARTMENT
RESIDUALS
• Zesto pack
• Biscuit wrapper
• Instant mami wrapper
• Candy wrappers
• Sando bags
CONCLUSION:
Think of all the things you throw away: juice bottles, soda cans,
candy wrappers. It adds up. How much trash do you produce? Americans,
for example, throw away an average of 1 ton of trash per person every year.
That’s 2,000 pounds (907 kilograms) of garbage! Most of this trash gets
buried in big holes in the ground called landfills. A lot of this garbage can
be recycled, or turned back into something useful. Just about any material
can be recycled. The main things we recycle today are made from metal,
paper, glass, or plastic.
WHY RECYCLE?
Recycle - taking a product or material at the end

of its useful life and turning it into a usable raw material
to make another product. Recycling is a proven way to
reduce air and water pollution, reduce energy
consumption and decrease greenhouse gases emissions
linked to global warming. The glass containing your soda today might be
the glass containing
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DEPARTMENT
your
spaghetti sauce
tomorrow. That's because glass, especially glass food and beverage containers,
can be recycled over and over again. In fact, 90 percent of recycled glass is used
to make new containers.
Recycling glass saves energy as compared to using raw ingredients

to make new glass. The Glass Packaging Institute notes that energy costs
drop about 23% for every 10% of recycled glass used in the manufacturing
process. Besides being cost effective, glass bottle recycling also reduces
resource use and pollution from CO2 emissions.
Manufacturers Need Your Bottles. Beverage container recycling has been

declining in recent years despite increased public knowledge of the benefits
of recycling.
However, the amount of beverage containers that are being sold and consumed
has increased over time, which means we're disposing of more material that is
needed by manufacturers to meet single-serving beverage container demand.
When we recycle, glass bottles it goes from recycling bin to store shelf
in as little as 30 days. An estimated 80% of recovered glass containers are
made into new glass bottles.
Recycling Conserves Resources.

There is only a finite amount of resources
on this planet. Although some are
renewable, our demand for resources is
very high. By recycling, we reduce our
demand for raw material to make the
products we use. We return valuable materials back into the economic
system, creating jobs, supporting businesses, and reducing our rate of
resource consumption.
Recycling Glass Helps the Environment.
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DEPARTMENT
1. Environmental payoffs – Glass is 100% recyclable. Recycling glass
bottles and jars minimizes consumption of raw materials and lessens
demand for energy. It also keeps this valuable resource out of
landfills. The glass recycling process is a closed-loop system, creating
no additional waste or by-products. For container glass, a relative
10% increase in cullet reduces particulates by 8%, nitrogen oxide by
4%, and sulfur oxides by 10%. And, for every six tons of recycled
container glass used, one ton of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is
reduced.
2. Saves raw material - For every ton of glass recycled, over a ton or
raw materials are saved, including 1,300 pounds of sand, 410
pounds of soda ash, 380 pounds of limestone, and 160 pounds of
feldspar.
3. Lowers the bottom-line - Using recycled glass can cut overall
production costs by minimizing consumption of raw materials,
lowering energy demands, and extending life of the furnace and other
equipment.
4. Reduces landfill dependence -Recycling glass helps to preserve
natural resources while lessening the load on landfills—and helping
communities avoid expensive disposal costs.
Recycling Plastic Helps the Environment.

Recycling one ton of plastic saves 7.4 cubic yards of landfill space.
Recycling a single plastic bottle can conserve enough energy to light a 60-
watt light bulb for up to six hours. Recycled plastic bottles can be made
into products such as clothing, carpeting, detergent bottles and lumber.
Producing new plastic products from recycled materials uses 2/3 less
energy and reduces greenhouse gas emissions.
Recycling Metal Helps the Environment

Because metals are somewhat costly to make, they are the world’s most
recycled materials. About two-thirds of all steel is recycled. Steel cans and scrap
steel go to recycling plants where the steel is melted down. The steel is then
treated with chemicals to make it pure again. Finally, it is formed into sheets or
bars. These are shipped to companies that make new cans and other steel
objects.
Almost all beverage cans are made of aluminum. Americans recycle
about one-third of their used aluminum cans. Empty cans are sent to
special factories. There, they are cleaned, melted, and rolled into new
sheets of aluminum.
Recycling Paper Helps the Environment

We use lots of paper—mostly in the form of newspapers, magazines,
and cardboard boxes. In fact, paper takes up more space in landfills than
any other material. Old paper can be shredded and made into new paper.
Americans recycle a little more than one-third of their paper trash. New
paper is made from trees. Each ton of recycled paper saves about 17 trees!
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DEPARTMENT
HAZARDOUS
WASTES
Some wastes cannot be thrown into landfills. They are too dangerous
and must be recycled or disposed of in special ways. Hazardous wastes
include paint, antifreeze, medical wastes, and old tires. The most commonly
recycled hazardous wastes are cleaning fluids and used motor oil.
http://www.vegasgoesgreen.com/Why%20Recycle.htm
LET’S INITIATE!
1. What causes the global warming?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Explain the importance of the four (4) R’s of waste management.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. Is the proper management of solid wastes are effective? Why?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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DEPARTMENT
LET’S INQUIRE!
questions below.
1. As a student of CWTS, how can you help your community in preserving

nature? Give at least 5 ways.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the effects of environmental destruction on the lives of the Filipino
People? Enumerate at least 5 effects.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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DEPARTMENT
Week 16 Health Promotion and Prevention of Diseases

Lesson Title Health Promotion and Prevention of Diseases
Identify the importance of Health Promotion and Prevention of
Learning Outcome(s) Diseases
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Health Promotion - is a process of enabling individuals, families and communities
to learn more about their health and to actively take part in keeping themselves
healthy. Health needs to be viewed both as a right and a responsibility. (Galvez
Tan, Jaime Z. et. al. 2009)
Essential Content
Health Promotion and Prevention of Diseases

Introduction
We often hear that health is wealth and this is very true. No matter how much
we study and work hard to earn a big income, without good health, everything is futile.
How do we define HEALTH? Health is no longer simple defined as the absence of
disease and infirmity. The World Health Organization defines health as the state of
complete physical, mental and social well-being. There is also an emerging concept of
wellness which acknowledges that the health of individuals, families and communities
is not solely determined by biologic factors (Galvez Tan, Jaime Z. et. al., 2009). Lifestyle
choices (Physical activity and exercise; nutrition and diet; smoking and alcohol, as
examples) and the environment (pollution and climate change) also play important
roles.
Why do we have to study health? (Gasilla-dela Cruz, 2005 )

Medical health records show that current health practices are poor.
People’s attitude towards health does not lead to hygienic living.
People lack basic information regarding health matters.
Habits affect health and the school can develop health habits.
SCP-NSTP1 | 17
DEPARTMENT
According to
Fuentes (1999), women
tend to live longer and are generally far healthier than men. Yet they visit the doctor
twice as often. This is partly because even when they are in the best of health their
basic biological functions – menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth and menopause –
frequently require medical intervention.
Further, she said that there is an increasing and predominantly silent crisis in
men’s health and well-being. Due to lack of AWARENESS, poor health education and
culturally induced behavior patterns in their work and personal lives, men’s health
and well-being are deteriorating steadily. In the 1920, the life expectancy of males and
females was roughly the same. Now, life expectancy of males is over 10% lower or 7
years shorter than that of women.
Primary Reason:
✓ Men have been brought up to think it is unmanly to react to pain in their

bodies.
✓ The consequence is that men are greater risk for several of the top killers:
• heart disease
• cancer
• suicide
• accidents and
• violence
Men often ignore warning signs and symptoms until the problem becomes
serious.
There really is not a medical specialty to deal with the wide variety of
problems that a man faces.
Essential Facts Which Man Should know: (Fuentes, et. Al 1999)

Heart Disease. One of the leading causes of death among men is heart disease. This
disease is brought by lack of concern for diet as well as a stressful lifestyle.
Hospital. Men visit doctors when they can no longer bear the pain. So, if their disease
is already severe, the tendency is to stay longer in the hospital.
Violence. Men’s tendency is to become more aggressive than women. This
aggressiveness is brought about by the male hormone, testosterone. What happens is
they end up in jail or in a mental hospital.
Addiction. Men are prone to addiction. It is estimated that over two-thirds of alcoholics
are men. The reason for this is the ‘macho’ image in which men seldom share their
emotional disturbances with others. Because of these emotional outbursts, they tend
to take drugs or alcohols.
Accidents. Men are exposed to hazardous jobs especially engineers, pilots, marines,
fishermen, etc. So, they are also prone to accidents.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases. STD is a disease among men if they do not practice
safe sex, or restrain from sexual activities with some low moral women, especially the
prostitutes.
SCP-NSTP1 | 18
DEPARTMENT
Suicide. More men tend to commit suicide than women. Because of the ‘macho; image,
they always keep their problems to themselves. So, they are more likely to commit
suicide, as they don’t have any outlet to share their emotions.
Impotence. This is brought about psychological aspects. Other contributors to
impotence are: smoking, alcohol, blood pressure medicines and diabetes.
Cancer. Men are twice as likely to die from cancer as women are. The male specific
cancers are: testicular, prostate, while the non-gender specific cancers are lung and
colon cancers.
Stress. Several factors can cause stress among men such as financial problems, poor
health, heavy workload, the death of a loved one, work environment and marriage
strife.
Carriers of Contagious Disease

There are three agent-carriers of disease germs and these are:
Man. Man spreads a contagious disease directly or indirectly. He is a carrier even if

he has not been sick with the disease, but carries the germs with him.
How can man spread a contagious disease directly and indirectly?

Directly: It is through talking, sleeping or holding hands with the sick person.
Indirectly: through handling the things used or touched by an infected person.
How can we prevent the spread of germs?

It is necessary that persons who are sick should stay away from others.
Avoid touching the things that they have handled and immediately disinfect these
through boiling, drying, burning or the use of chemicals.
A person who has phlegm should not spit anywhere. He should only spit in cuspidors
which should be covered when not in use.
Water. Drinking water is another carrier of a disease. We also get the disease by using
the glass and utensils of a sick person.
Food. Food is also a carrier of disease, so let us avoid eating dirty food. Leftover food
should always be covered so that flies, rats, and cockroaches will not step on them.
In order to avoid getting diseases from infected food, you should not buy from the
outside vendors, because you are not sure how they prepare, cook and serve the food.
Some Health Factors
Healthy Lifestyle
The choices that we make for ourselves, like the food we eat and the activities that
we do, are important determinants of our health. Our choices can make us healthy or
can predispose us to diseases.
These are supported by numerous scientific and research studies. Make healthy
choices to combat diseases of lifestyles (cardiovascular diseases, obesity, tobacco-
related diseases).
Physical Activity and Exercise
SCP-NSTP1 | 19
DEPARTMENT
Keeping
oneself healthy is not only
about eating the right food. It is also about physical activity. Regular Physical Activity
is important to one’s health and wellness. The balance between the calories or energy
one gets from food and the calories or energy one uses during physical activity will
determine the body weight of a person.
To maintain fit and healthy, be physically active, at a moderate intensity for at least
30 minutes most days of the week. Children and adolescents need to be physically
active 60 minutes every day for most of the days in a week.
In controlling or bringing down one’s weight, increasing the intensity or the amount
of time that one is physically active will be helpful. About 60 minutes a day may be
needed to prevent weight gain.
On Smoking and Tobacco use

Tobacco is composed of the dried and cured leaves of the tobacco plant Nicotiana
Tabacum. It contains as many as 500 vaporous compounds which are toxic, active,
poisonous and carcinogenic like nicotine, tar, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide,
hydrogen cyanide, benzene, methane and form-aldehyde. Of these harmful
compounds, tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide are the most well known.
Tobacco smoke contains about 4,000 chemicals. One of them is nicotine. In large
amounts, nicotine is a poison. In small amounts in the human body, nicotine
stimulates the nerves. It makes the heart beat faster. Nicotine is highly addictive. This
means that smokers become dependent on its effect as a stimulant. When this effect
wears off, the body strongly desires more. That is why people who smoke find it hard
to stop.
The effects of tobacco on the body are outlined below:
Body Parts Effects

Hair Hair Loss
Eyes Twice as likely to get cataracts: either directly damaging the lens from the outside
or by releasing chemicals into the lungs that travel up to the bloodstream to the
eyes. Macular Degeneration is an incurable eye disease caused by the
deterioration of the central portion of the retina called macula.
Skin Wrinkling. Smoking prematurely ages skin by wearing away the elastic fibers of
the inner layer of the skin called the dermis. Yellowish-brown staining of the
fingers. Psoriasis, a non-contagious inflammatory skin condition characterized by
pustules, redness and scaling.
Ears Hearing loss: current smokers were 1.99 times as likely to have a hearing loss as
nonsmokers. Increased susceptibility of children of smokers to ear, nose and
throat problems.
Teeth Tooth Decay, plaques, tooth loss
Lungs Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, lung cancer (90 percent of lung cancer deaths in
females and 80 percent of death in males)
SCP-NSTP1 | 20
DEPARTMENT
Bones Osteoporosis. Bone density decreases through alterations in sex hormone

metabolism as well as alterations on the vitamin D-pituitary hormone axis.
Heart Heart diseases: Hypertension, clogged coronary arteries, heart attacks.
Stomach Peptic Ulcers. Cigarette smoke reduces the synthesis of mucus in the stomach
hence decreasing protection against gastric acids and delaying ulcer healing.
Immune System Systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
Reproductive Decreased pregnancy rate, lower bone density, infertility, increased incidence of
early menopause, cervical cancer, spontaneous abortions, preterm delivery, still
System
births.
(Female)
Reproductive Abnormal Sperm
System (Male)
On Infants with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, low birth weight, mental retardation.
smoking
mothers
Reference: Galvez Tan et. al., 2009.
According to Department of Health (1987), there are 500 chemical compounds
contained in tobacco smoke, many of which are known as carcinogens, or cancer-
causing agents. The smoke is made up of gases, organic vapors and particulate
matters, which include tar and nicotine. Cigarette, pipe or cigar smoke varies in
chemical composition with the type of tobacco and the temperature of the smoke
during puffing.
Particulate matter, which forms about 8% of tobacco smoke, contains the greater
part of known cancer-producing agents found in tobacco smoke.
•
There are about 5 billion particles per milliliter of smoke from a non-
filter cigarette;
• More than 50,000 times as many as in equal amount of polluted air.
• The remainder of tobacco smoke consists of gases such as nitrogen,
carbon dioxide, oxygen and carbon monoxide.
Considering the Chemical Composition: of tobacco smoke, the physical effects
of smoking in the body are not surprising such as:
• Lung cancer
• Heart disease
• A number of respiratory disorders
• Peptic ulcers
• Cardiovascular illness.
Because of the ILL-effects of smoking to our health: R.A. 9211 and its implementing
rules and regulation on the Smoke-Free School Program was enacted.
SCP-NSTP1 | 21
DEPARTMENT
Alcohol and Health
Alcoholism is a disease or disorder of behavior characterized by repeated

drinking of alcohol beverages. While an alcoholic is a person who indulges in heavy
uncontrolled drinking to the detriment of the person’s health and personality.
There are three common types of alcohol in the consumer market: methanol
(methyl alcohol), isopropanol (isopropyl alcohol) and the ethanol (ethyl alcohol):
• Methanol or Wood Alcohol is the type of alcohol found in Shellac, thinner and
paints. It is most commonly used in industrial firms and very toxic when
consumed and may even cause death.
• Isopropyl Alcohol is the type found in rubbing alcohols and is used as a
disinfectant to kill germs. Like methanol, it is toxic when ingested.
• Ethanol is also known as grain alcohol because it is formed by fermentation of
fruits and grains. Fermentation is a chemical process whereby plant products
are converted into alcohol by action of yeast cells on carbohydrate materials.
This is the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages.
The concentration of alcohol in alcoholic beverages is commonly expressed as a digit

followed by the word “proof.” For example gin in the Philippines is labeled “80 proof.”
If you divide the digit by two, the resulting number represents the percent of alcohol
by volume in the drink. For example, gin that is “80 proof” is 40 percent alcohol.
SCP-NSTP1 | 22
DEPARTMENT
LET’S INITIATE!
1. What is healthy lifestyle?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Why do you need to take care your health?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the important benefits of physical activity and exercise to your
health?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 23
DEPARTMENT
LET’S INQUIRE!
questions below.
1. State the importance of healthy lifestyle.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. State the importance of physical activity and exercise.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 24
DEPARTMENT
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. Using the table below, list down the effects of tobacco on the body.
Body Parts Effects
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
SCP-NSTP1 | 25
DEPARTMENT
Week 17 Health Promotion and Prevention of Diseases (continuation)

Lesson Title Health Promotion and Prevention of Diseases
Identify the importance of Health Promotion and Prevention
Learning Outcome(s) of Diseases
LEARNING INTENT!
Terms to Ponder
Health Promotion - is a process of enabling individuals, families and communities
to learn more about their health and to actively take part in keeping themselves
healthy. Health needs to be viewed both as a right and a responsibility. (Galvez
Tan, Jaime Z. et. al. 2009)
Essential Content
Consumption of Alcohol (Galvez Tan, et. al., 2009)

Alcohol does not need to be digested and can already be absorbed as is. Once it
enters the mouth, a small percentage of alcohol is already absorbed into the
bloodstream through tiny capillaries. About 20 percent of Alcohol is absorbed in the
stomach and causes increased secretion of acids. The rest of the alcohol goes to the
intestines and to the liver where it is eventually broken down or metabolized.
During metabolism alcohol is changed to acetaldehyde through an enzyme called
alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH). The acetaldehyde is then acted on by another enzyme,
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase that rapidly converts acetaldehyde to acetic acid (vinegar).
Acetic Acid is further oxidized into water and carbon dioxide and is eliminated. This
results in the typical “flushing reaction” where the drinker turns red. If enough
acetaldehyde accumulates, the heart can beat faster and the blood pressure can go
down.
It is important to note that the liver of a 50kg man can only metabolize 12.5 ml
of alcohol in one hour. If more than this amount has been taken, the rest of the
unmetabolized alcohol circulates in the different parts of the body through the
bloodstream. If there is enough circulating alcohol, a person’s central nervous system
starts to feel the tranquilizing effects of alcohol. The smaller the weight of the body of
the individual, the less alcohol it is able to metabolize at any one time.
Disadvantages of Alcohol (Gasilla-dela Cruz, 2005)
He has less interest in his life and no more ambition.
He has slower reaction.
SCP-NSTP1 | 26
DEPARTMENT
He is pessimistic.
He has less capacity for creative work and thought.
He is no longer aware of what is happening in his surroundings.
Advantages If taken in Moderation

A person can have a good appetite.
He can have a sound sleep at night.
He can have more energy for creative work.
Harmful effects of alcohol on the body

Body Part/ Effects
System
Brain Acute: poor coordination of extremities. Short term:
hangovers; blackouts (can’t remember what happened while
drunk).
Long term: Brain damage; dementia;Korsakoff’s syndrome;
neuropathies
Sense Eyes – tunnel vision; ears – impaired hearing
Organs
Heart Short term: Angina Pectoris.
Long term: Cardiomyopathy
Blood Long term: Anemia
Blood Acute: Narrowing of visceral blood vessels; widening of
Vessels peripheral blood vessels.
Short term: increased blood pressure.
Lungs Acute: Weakening of cough reflex. Short term: Aspiration.
Long term: Pneumonia.
Esophagus Acute: Enlarged blood vessels, scars, bleeding.
Long term: cancer
Stomach Acute: Increased production of gastric juices
Short term: Ulcer, gastritis. Long term: Cancer
Intestines Acute: Diarrhea. Short term: Ulcers &destruction of enzyme
system. Long term: Duodenal Cancer
Pancreas Short term: Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis
Liver Acute: Fatty liver. Short term: Hepatitis
Long term: Cirrhosis
SCP-NSTP1 | 27
DEPARTMENT
Reproductive Long term: Feminization- enlargement of breast, lowered

System (M) testosterone level, testicular shrinkage
Reproductive Long term: Irregular menstruation, menses stop, Fetal
System (F) Alcohol syndrome in babies born to alcoholic mothers.
Muscles Acute: Impaired coordination of muscles. Short term: Loss of
balance. Long term: Reduced muscle mass.
Bones Long term: Osteoarthritis, gouty arthritis, uric acid
Immune Long term: Increased susceptibility to infections
system
Reference: Galvez Tan et. al., 2009
DRUG EDUCATION (Esteem Enterprises, 1994)
What is Drug? Drug is any substance other than food and water that is taken or
administered in order to alter, sustain or control the taker’s or recipient’s
physical, mental or emotional state.
Some drugs like nicotine in tobacco and THC in marijuana occur naturally
in plants. Other drugs like alcohol, aspirin and tranquilizer are manufactured.
When Drugs are Harmful? Any drug may be harmful when taken in excess. Some
drugs can also be harmful if taken in dangerous combinations or by
hypersensitive (allergic) persons in ordinary or even small amounts.
What is Drug Abuse? Drug abuse is the use of any chemical substance, licit or illicit,
which results in an individual’s physical, mental or social impairment. It
may refer to any of the following practices:
Using medically useful drugs which can alter mood and behavior without the benefit
of a prescription.
Using a mood-altering drug for a purpose different from one for which that drug has
been prescribed.
Using drugs and substances without legitimate medical application for purposes other
than research.
How does one become a drug user or abuser?

Any person can be a drug user or abuser. He or she may be a young boy or girl
like you and me, different circumstances lead people to become drug users or abusers.
SCP-NSTP1 | 28
DEPARTMENT
Here are the most common ones:

A drug pusher offered a person drugged candies. After taking the candies, the person
began to ask for more.
A boy offered a girl a marijuana cigarette. When she liked the feeling of dreaminess and
lightness after smoking, she will ask for more. Thus, she became a user.
A driver who has to work day and night wanted to be awake while driving. A drug
pusher gave him pep pills. Seeing the pills work he got into the habit of taking them.
Now, he is a drug user but he can no longer drive.
A woman who could not sleep because of body pains and emotional problems. Someone
told her to take sleeping pills from mild to stronger ones. From then on, she never
enjoyed sleeping normally and soundly.
Family problem is one of the reasons why a person turns to drug. To forget her/his
problem she/he accepted drug from a friend or someone. The drug made her/him
escape from the problem for a while. In time she will become a drug abuser.
Some people get into drugs due to curiosity. A healthy person saw someone smoking
marijuana. He tried it for the experience. He also tried taking other drugs. Before he
knew, he was a drug abuser.
What Drugs are commonly abused?

Commonly abused drugs are called dangerous drugs or prohibited drugs. Other
commonly abuse drugs include over-the counter drugs, prescription and regulated
drugs. Drugs that are commonly abused depending on their pharmacological effects
may be classified into:
Stimulants are also known as “uppers” or “pip pills”. These drugs increase the activity
of the user temporarily. They make him over active, easily and highly excited, talkative,
very nervous, easily angered and quarrelsome. They reduce hunger and provide a
feeling of well-being. They the user dependent on drugs. These are the most common
stimulants:
Amphetamine can be taken in tablet or capsule form or by injection into the blood.
Cocaine is taken from the leaves of coca plants. It is taken as powder or liquid. Like
other stimulants, it makes the user crave for it.
Depressants are called “downers”. They are drugs that slow down the functions of the
brain, resulting in slow-thinking and poor judgment. Habitual users of depressants
show slowness of movement, difficulty in speed and dilations of the pupils of the eyes.
They are similar to the signs of drunkenness. When taken with alcohol, these drugs
may result to death.
Some abusers who use depressants experience a seesaw effect. This group
includes sedatives, hypnotics, and tranquilizers. Popular among this group is the drug
called barbiturate. Barbiturates are taken in tablet or capsule form. They are called
sedatives. These are prescribed by doctors for those who suffer from lack of sleep. They
cause addiction if taken frequently.
SCP-NSTP1 | 29
DEPARTMENT
Hallucinogens (also called psychedelics). Drugs which affect sensation, thinking,

self-awareness and emotion. Changes in time and space perception, delusions (false
beliefs) and hallucinations may be mild or overwhelming, depending on dose and
quality of the drug. A person may have a “good trip” or a “bad trip” on different
occasions.
Marijuana – also known as pot, grass, Mary Jane, locoweed, flower, straw or viper’s
weed. It is taken from the crushed and chopped leaves and flowers of the Indian hemp
plant and is either smoked as a cigarette or in pipes. Marijuana may serve as the
beginning for other stronger drugs.
Hashish or “Hash” is more powerful than marijuana. It comes from the flowering top
of the Indian hemp plant. It can either be smoked or taken orally in the form of candies
and cookies.
LSD is the most powerful psychedelic or hallucinogen drug. It comes in capsules, small
different colored pills, or colorless, tasteless and odorless liquid. It makes the users
lose its sense of time and space. After sometimes it gives him a feeling of fear, panic
and sometimes madness. LSD is also called acid, cubes, pearly gates, or heavenly blue.
Narcotics or Opiates produce insensibility, stupor, melancholiness or

dullness of mind with delusions. They are used medically as pain killers
but when used without doctor’s prescription, they can cause much harm
to the user.
Opium – is a milky exudate which is extracted from the unripe capsule
of the poppy plant. It can be eaten but is usually smoked in a pipe.
Morphine – is taken from opium and one of the strongest medically-
used drugs. When taken in large doses, it makes a person sleep, causes
unconsciousness or even death. Morphine is addicting.
How can you Tell When One is Abusing Drugs? (Gasilla-dela Cruz, p. 131)
A person who is abusing drugs has a lot of changes in behavior, appearance and
mood. The changes may be pleasant or unpleasant. Thus, he…
Is irritable, discourteous, defiant and aggressive.

Is untrustworthy and lacks of self-confidence.
Is unhealthy and unconcerned with good grooming;
Has a low frustration tolerance;
Lacks interest in his studies/work;
Blames everybody for his problems; and
Prefers his ‘barkada’ where he feels accepted.
What are the ILL-EFFECTS of Drug Abuse? (Esteem Enterprises 1994)

Drug abuse leads to medical and health problems. The physical complications
depend to an extent on the specific drug, its source and the way it is used. Among the
physical and mental complications are:
SCP-NSTP1 | 30
DEPARTMENT
Malnutrition. The lives of drug dependents revolve around drug abuse. They miss their
regular meals because they lose their appetite.
Panic Reaction. The loss of thought processes can cause panic reactions or feelings
of invulnerability. Both of these states can lead to injury and death. The prolonged
harmful reactions include anxiety and depressive states or breaks with reality, which
may last from a few days to months.
Physical Damage. In addition to those diseases, which accompany the use of unsterile
syringes and contaminated drugs these may cause certain medical problems, Liver and
kidney damage may result when large quantities are taken. Many who abuse drugs
also neglect personal hygiene, which can lead to multiple health problems. Kidney
failure, hepatitis, drastic weight loss, and vitamin deficiencies are some of the adverse
physical complications.
To the Individual:
Loss of Appetite and sleep.
Loss of interest in one’s personal appearance.
Loss of interest in one’s studies or occupation.
Loss of moral values – may become a liar or thief.
To Society:
A probable cause for crimes like theft, rape and murder.
Might cause insanity. The insane is a liability to the community.
Might contribute to the degeneration of the Filipino race. Drug dependents become
useless, miserable and corrupt.
The life of drug abusers is a dreadful one. To support the habit, they resort to
committing crimes like stealing, prostitution and gambling, wherein they hamper their
emotional maturation.
Why Do People Take and Abuse Drugs?

Peer Pressure
Curiosity
Frustration (due to personal/family/school/work Problems)
Poor Self-Image
Weak Personality (Unable to cope with stress, conflicts, etc.)
Desire to Escape from reality
Lack of Parental Guidance.
Can drug user or addict be treated? Yes if:

It is not too far gone.
The addict has the will power to cure himself or herself.
He or she receives the proper environment, both physical and moral during his or her
treated. He or she is kept from bad influences and is made to feel that his or her love
ones care about his or her well-being.
He or she engages in useful activities or hobbies.
SCP-NSTP1 | 31
DEPARTMENT
What can a Person do to prevent Drug Abuse?

Maintain good physical and mental health.
Use drugs properly. Most drugs are beneficial when used under medical advice.
Understand your own self. Accept and respect yourself for what you are.
Develop your potentials. Engage in wholesome, productive and fulfilling activities.
Learn to relate effectively to whom you can communicate your problems freely.
What should the CWTS students and parents do to help prevent drug abuse?
The CWTS students can help the parents in the following aspects:
Create a warm and friendly atmosphere in the home.
Assist parents to develop effective means of communication with their children, for the
children to be open and honest to their parents.
Help parents learn how to understand and accept their children for who they are.
Assist parents on how to listen and respect the opinion of their children.
Motivate parents to develop strategies on how to be with their children in spite of being
busy.
Educate parents on how to strengthen moral and spiritual values of their children.
Assist parents on how to teach responsibility to their children by giving duties
commensurate to their age.
SCP-NSTP1 | 32
DEPARTMENT
LET’S INITIATE!
1. What is drugs?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. What can a person do to prevent drug abuse?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
3. What should the CWTS students and parents do to help prevent drug abuse?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
LET’S INQUIRE!
questions below.
1. List down the advantages of alcohol, if taken in moderation.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
2. List down the disadvantages of alcohol.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
SCP-NSTP1 | 33
DEPARTMENT
LET’S INFER!
Activity 1. What you can do as a student of NSTP to prevent drugs.
Personal Resolution
SCP-NSTP1 | 34

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ST.

JOHN PAUL II COLLEGE OF DAVAO

SIMPLIFIED COURSE PACK (SCP) FOR SELF-DIRECTED

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM1 (NSTP1)

By 2023, a recognized professional institution providing quality,

Serve the nation by providing competent JPCean graduates through

NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM1 - Simplified Course Pack (SCP)

Value of Order, Value of Work

Value of Love, Value of Freedom,

Self-Awareness and Personality Week 9 Leadership and Team Building Environmental/Ecological

Health Promotion and Prevention

Health Promotion and Prevention

Week 6 Preliminary Examination Week 12 Midterm Examination Week 18 Final Examination

Welcome Aboard! This course covers programs and activities of the

SCP-TOPICS: PRELIM PERIOD TOPICS

Week 1 Organization and Orientation

The Emergence of the National Service Training Program (NSTP)

a. The NSTP is a dynamic service-oriented sector composed of qualified

• To develop civic consciousness and defense preparedness among the students in

Content References/ Search Indicator

AN ACT ESTABLISHING THE NATIONAL SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM (NSTP)

1. What does NSTP stand for?

1. Explain the importance of National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC).

2. Differentiate Civic Welfare Training Service and Literacy Training Service

Relevance of the theme -30%

Week 2 Organization and Orientation (Continuation)

B. SERVICE COMPONENTS OF NSTP

a. Leadership and Morals of the Citizenry involves development of youth to

vaccination, info-dissemination on health, nutrition, technical

a. Military Science 1 includes military indoctrination, human rights,

LTS Areas of Concern

a. Basic Literacy includes teaching of the 3 Rs; Reading, Writing and

A Primer on the National Service Training Program:

▪ Program Components of the NSTP:

The National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)

b. To serve as an auxiliary to the Disaster Coordinating Council

As used in this operation, the following terms shall mean as follows:

a. “National Service Training Program” (NSTP) is a program aimed at

b. “Civic Welfare Training Service” refers to programs or activities

c. “NSTP Director/Program Coordinator” is a duly qualified and

d. “CWTS/LTS Coordinator/ROTC Commandant” is a duly qualified

e. “Faculty/Instructor” is duly qualified and experienced person

f. “Administrative Officer/Executive Assistant” is a duly qualified

g. “NSTP Student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled in any of

h. “CWTS Student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled

“LTS Student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled in Literacy

“ROTC student” is a tertiary level student officially enrolled in Reserve

i. “NSTP Office” is an office which administers and supervises the

j. “Institution” is a duly authorized establishment of learning that offers

k. “National Service Reserve Corps (NSRC)” – composed of the

1. What is the role of NSTP?

2. Differentiate Literacy Training Service and Reserve Officers Training Corps.

Week 4&5 VALUES DEVELOPMENT FOR GOOD CITIZENSHIP

PREAMBLE OF THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

The Good Citizenship Values

THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP

THE GOOD CITIZENSHIP

ISSUE AGREE DISAGREE

1. Death penalty/capital punishment is a good deterrent

2. Abortion should be a choice accorded to every woman [ ] [ ]

3. Drugs are a menace to society [ ] [ ]

4. Military and rebel offensives in Mindanao are justified