UNIT VII

The Carbon Atom

Lesson 7.1

UNIT VII: THE VARIETY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS

Lesson Objectives:

At the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:

Explain the importance of carbon;

Discuss the structure of a carbon

atom and how it affects the type of
bonds it forms; and

Differentiate organic from inorganic

compounds.
KEY CONCEPTS

CARBON STRUCTURE

CARBON ATOM
IMPORTANCE OF CARBON

BOILING POINT

ORGANIC VS MELTING POINT

INORGANIC
PROPERTIES SOLUBILITY

CONDUCTIVITY
INTRODUCTION

CARBON
As we know, this element is the sixth
element in the periodic table. It has a
valence of four electrons as seen in
its electron configuration 1s22s22p2.
INTRODUCTION

CARBON
This element can bond with itself.
Because of this uniqueness, carbon
can produce numerous organic
compounds. Allotrope, such as
graphite and diamond are some forms
of carbon.
CARBON

The “lead” found in pencils is

actually graphite, a soft allotrope of
carbon.

Diamond is the hardest mineral on earth and is

actually a pure carbon formed underneath the
mantle due to extremely high heat and
pressure. It is used in jewelry and as a tool for
cutting other metals.
 ORGANIC VS. INORGANIC
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Organic Compound Inorganic Compound

Contains carbon Contains metals and other elements
Great in number Less in number
Carbon to hydrogen bonds Non-carbon to hydrogen bond
Low boiling and melting point High boiling and melting point
Less soluble in water Soluble in water
Poor conductors of heat and electricity Good conductors of heat and electricity
Covalent in nature Covalent and ionic in nature
Contains a long, complex chain of molecules Does not contain a long, complex chain of molecules
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 Suggested Worksheet

Science 9

THE CARBON
ATOM
FILE NAME:
WS7Science9.Unit5.Lesson7.1_The Carbon Atom