NAME:-Tirth Patel

CLASS:- 12th Sci A

ROLL NO:- 31
SUBJECT:- PHYSICS
TOPIC:- TO STUDY THE BIOT-SAVART LAW AND
ITS APPLICATION TO CURRENT CARRYING
CIRCULAR LOOP
IN CHARGE:- Sharad Sir
 INDEX

1. Introduction
2. Biot – Savart Law
3. Biot – Savart Law In Vector Form
4. Magnetic Field Due To Current
Carrying Circular Loop
5. Applications Of Biot – Savart Law
6. Importance Of Biot – Savart Law
7. Conclusion
8. Bibliography

 INTRODUCTION

Biot-Savart law, in physics, is the basic fundamental

relationship between electricity and the magnetic field it
produces, based on the study in 1820 by French
scientists Jean-Baptiste Biot and Félix Savart

In physics, especially electromagnetism, the Biot-Savart

law is a mathematical equation that describes a
magnetic field produced by a uniform electric current.

It associates the magnetic field with magnitude,

direction, length, and proximity to electric current. Biot
– Savart law is important in magnetostatics, playing a
similar role that Coulomb’s law plays in electrostatics.

An electric current flowing through a conductor, or a

moving electric charge, generates a magnetic field, or a
region in a space around the conductor where the
magnetic field may be experienced.
The amount of the magnetic field at a point in the
surrounding area can be considered as the sum of all the
contributions from each sub-element, or segment, of the
current carrying conductor. Biot-Savart law states that
the value of the magnetic field at a specific point in
space from one short segment of the current conductor
depends on each factor influencing the field.
 BIOT – SAVART LAW

According to Biot-Savart law, a segment of the current

carrying conductor produces a magnetic field. That
segment is referred to as the element of current and is a
vector quantity.

In a statement, the Biot-savart’s law states that A point

A’s magnetic intensity (dB) is directly proportional to
the current I flowing through a small element (dl).

The Biot-Savart law states that at any point P due to the

magnetic field dB due to element dl of a current-
carrying is given by:
μ0 Idl ×r
dB = 4 π r2
 BIOT – SAVART LAW IN VECTOR
FORM

As we all know that the Magnetic Field is a vector

Quantity hence Biot Savart Law can also be written in
the form of vector.

Therefore if dl is the vector notation of current

element in the direction of current flowing into the
conductor and r is the vector of distant point so,
Magnetic field at that point is determined by the help of
Biot-Savart Law as:
μ0 Idl ×r Sinθ
dB = 4π r
2

Hence, this is the Biot-Savart Law in Vector Form.

 MAGNETIC FIELD DUE TO CURRENT
CARRYING CIRCULAR LOOP

The magnetic field in the axis of circular loop is

calculated using biot savart law. The mathematical
formula to calculate the magnetic field at any particular
point on the axis of the circular loop of radius a and
current carrying I, at a point P far from it at a distance x
is given by:
B = μ 2 πI a /4 π (x + a )
0
2 2 2 3 /2

Now Magnetic Field at a center of a circular Coil is

calculated as:
By Biot Savart Law the Magnetic field at axis of
circular coil is B = μ 2 πI a /4 π (x + a )
0
2 2 2 3 /2

So, at the center the distance becomes zero. That is x

will be zero B = μ 2 πI a /4 π (x + a )
0
2 2 2 3 /2

Now, we get B = μ 2 πI /4 π a ¿
0
Hence Magnetic Field at center of Circular coil is given
by:
B = μ I /2 a
0
APPLICATION OF BIOT – SAVART LAW

There are following applications of Biot Savart Law:

 This law is used to evaluate the magnetic response

at the molecular level.

 Biot savart law is used to assess the velocity in

aerodynamic theory induced by the vertex line.

 This law is used to determine the magnetic fields in

space due to any current carrying conductor.

 This Law is used to determine the force between

two long and parallel current carry conductors.

 This law is also used to calculate the Magnetic field

on the axis of a circular current loop.
 IMPORTANCE OF BIOT – SAVART LAW

The importance of Biot Savart Law is mentioned below:

 This Biot Savart law is exactly similar to

Coulomb’s law in electrostatics.

 Generally it is relevant for very small conductors

that carry current.

 Biot Savart law is applicable for symmetrical

current distribution.
 CONCLUSION

In this article we have studied about Biot-Savart law

and its importance. In physics, Generally Biot-Savart
law is applied in a particular case by combining up the
contributions to a magnetic field at a given point from
the whole series of short current segments that
constitute a specific conductor of any random shape.

For example, with a long wire carrying current, the

value of the magnetic field at a point near it is just
directly proportional to the value of the current and
inversely proportional to the perpendicular distance
from the wire to the given point.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

www.cbse.gov.in
www.wikipedia.com
www.shiksha.com
www.unacademy.com