ALUMINIUM MIG

WELDER
AQUANTANANCE
COURSE

GAS METAL ARC WELDING (GMAW) f,`y jdhq jsoaHq;a mEiaiqus l%u
 fuu l%uh Ndjs;d lrkqfha

01 f,`y ;yvq j, >Klu jsYd, mrdihla ;=, we;s jev fldgia mEiaiSu ioyd fhdod .; yel

02 fu`grA r: ksIamdokh lsrSfusoS .nvd lsrSfus WmlrK iy msrjqus ge+=+===xls

ksIamdokfhaoS ldrAusl jd;h ksIamdokfhaoS f.dvke.s,s lrAudka;fhaoS iy kejs
lrAudka;hoS iy mim mEiaiqus l%u j,oS fuh nyq,j fhdod .efka

03 fndr bj;a lsrSfus wjYH;djhla fkdue;s w;r Yla;su;a Ndjfhka by, mEiaiqus ,nd .ekSu
ioyd fhdod .kS tfiu mEiaiqus ia:r lsysmhla lrk mEiaiqus j,oS fndr isrjsfuz
wkqmd;h wvq ugzgul mj;s'

MIG /MAG l%ufha uQ,OrAuhka

01' wdjrKh fkdlrk ,o >K ixll jhrhla msrjquz o%jHhla f,i fhdod .efka'

02' meiaiqfuzos we;sjk jsoHq;a ;dmh ndysrska imhk wdjrA;s; jdhqjla u.Zska wdjrKh
lrkq ,efnz' fuu wdj;s; jdhqj ksYalS%j jdhqjla (Ar/He) fyda ilS%h jdhqjla (CO2)
ldnkavfhdlaihsvz fyda usY% jdhqjla jsh yel'

03' fndfydauhla 6MAW fhoquz j,os ir, Odrdjla hgf;a mEiaiqu lrk ,os'

04' ksh; fjd,agSh;djh fyda ksh; jsoq,s Odrd hk Yla;s m%nj u.Zska jsoq,s
iuznkaO;dj ,nd .kakd w;r (GMAW) Ndjs;fhos nyq,j ksh; fjd,agSh;d Yla;s m%nj
Ndjs;h ksh; fjda,agSh;d m%nj u.Zska jvd;a Ndjs;d lrk l%uh u.Zska lS
%hdj,ska ,nd .; yelsjsu fuz ioZyd fya;=jhs'

05' ksh; fjda,agS;dj Yla;sm%njhla Ndjs;d lsrsfuz m%Odk fya;=j jkafka ta u.Zska
iajekaj ksjeros lr .kakd pdm os.la idod .eksu'

06' mEiaiquz lrk w;rjdrfha (Contoct Tip) tfla isg Work peeace tlg we;s oqr fjkia jsu
mEiaiquz jsoq,sOdrj iajhxlS%hj jevsjsfuka fyda wvq jsfuka ksh;
fjda,agsh;djhg ,ndf.k jsoHq;a pdm os. wvq jevs lr .ks'
MIG/MAG l%ufhaos mEiaiquz ioZyd n,mdk idOl

uq,sl lS%hdj,sfhaos jsp,khka f;dard .;a miq my; oelafjk m%Odk lS%hdj,s ;;ajhka ieliquz
ioZyd n,mdk f,i my; foa kuz l< yel'

 mEiqiquz jsoq,s Odrj

 jhrh imhk fjz.h

 mEiaiquz fjda,agSh;djh

 jhrh oslalrk m%udkh

 mEiaiquz lrk fjz.h

mEiaiquz jsoq,s Odrj$jhrh imhk fjz.fhys n,mEu

GMAW l%ufhaos mEiaiquz jsoq,s Odrj iy jhrh imhk fjz.h tlsfklg iuznkaO ;djhla olajhs'
tkuz jhrh imhk fjz.h jevs l, jsg jsoq,s iemhqu jevsl,hq;= w;r wvql, jsg jsoq,s iemhqu wvq l, hq;=h'

mEiaiquz fjda,agsh;djh

mEiaiquz fjda,agSh;djfha ielisu jsoHq;a pdmfha os. uq,slju md,kh lrkq ,nhs' thg wu;rj fok
,o mEiaiquz jsoq,s Odrdjla ioyd jsoHq;a pdmfha ia:dhs;djh roZjd .eksugo f,day mq,s.Z= jsis lsrsu
md,kh lsrsugo Wmldrs fjhs'

jhrh oslalrk m%udKh

 jhrh fjkia jk jsg fok ,o jhrh imhk fjz.hka ioZyd jhrh WKq jsug ,nd .kakd mEiaiquz
Odrdfjys fjkila isoqfjhs'

jhrh osla jk jsg jhrh r;ajk m%udkh jevs jS jhrh Wkqjsug wjYH mEiaiquz jsoq,s Odrdj
wvqjS hehs' fuz ksid jevs f,day m%udKhla wvq jsoHq;a pdmhla hgf;a ;ekam;a jk w;r mEiaiqfuz
yevh b;d oqrAj, fjhs' ;jo mEiaiqu lsod neisu wvq jS hhs' fuz ksid jhrh osla lrk m%udKh
taldldrsj ;nd .eksu b;d jeo.;ah'

mEiaiquz lrk fjz.h

mEiaiquz lrk f,dayh >K jevs jk jsg mEiaiquz lrk fjz.h wvq l, hq;=h' tfiau fok ,o mEiaiqulg
,la lrk f,dayfha >Klu iy mEiaiqu ixOsfha yevh wkqj mEiaiquz jsoq,s Odrj jevs jk jsg mEiaiquz
lrk fjz.ho jevsl, hq;=h'

mEiaiquz fodaI yd tajdfha n,mEuz yd ksjeros lr.kakd wkaou(-

m%Odk jYfhka isoqjk mEiaiquz fodaI

Lack of Penetraion - mEiaiquz lsod neisu wvqjsu

Incomplete Tasion - wiuzmQrAK jsh<Kh

Undercating - hgs lemqu

Porosity - ijsjr;djh

Cracking - msmqreu

Slag Inclusions - mEiaiqfuz fndr wvx.= jsu

Born through - mdouh f,dayfha mEiais l=yrh f,i we;s jsu

mEiaiquz lsod neisu wvqjsu'

fuh ;=ka wdldrhlska isoq jsh yel' mEiaiquz mdouh f,dayfha iuzmqrAK >Klu yryd jsksjso
fkdhEu yd tlsfklg m%;sjsreoaO mEiaiquz 02lA jsksjso fkdhEu iy Tiller Welding tfla mEiaiqu
lsod fkdnei uQgzgqj yryd Wvska mEiaiS ;snsh jsh yelsh' ;jo fuu fodaIhg fya;= jkqfha wvq jsoq,s
Odrdjla fhdod .eksu yd b;d wvq Troceh Speed fhdod .eksu yd jeros Trock Angle Ndjs;d lsrsug
kuz l, yel'

fuh u.Z yrjd .eksugkuz jsoq,s Odrdj jevslsrsu yd iqoqiq Trove Angle Ndjs;d lsrsu l,
hq;=h'

wiuzmqrAK jsh,kh

mdouh f,dayh mEiaiquz f,dayh w;r iuzmqrAK jsh,kh jsula isoq fkdjsu ksid fuu fodaIh
we;s fjz' fuhg fya;=j jkqfha'
 ksjeros meiaiquz l%ufjzohka wkq.ukh fkdlsrsu

 Trovel Speed b;d wvqjsu ksid jsYd, mEiaiqula ksrAudK jsu iy mEiaiquz f,dayh jsoHq;a
pdmh bsrsmi frda,a jsu ksid fuu fodaIh ksrAudKh fjz'

 mEiaiquz uQgzgqj w;r ksoei jsYd,jsu'

 b;d wvq fjda,agsh;djhla fhdod .eksu'

 b;d wOsl f,i hlv laIh neosu'

Undercatting – hgs lemqu'

meiaiquz Odrfha osf.a mdou f,dayh ms,siais ldKqjla f,i osia fjhs' fuu fodaIh nyq,j :ap Fillet
Weld j, isoqfjz' tfiau Bott iy Filler Jotht j, fuu fodaIh oelsh yelsh' fuu fodaIhg we;s jsug
uq,slju n,mdk ldrKh jkafka wl%uj;a mEiaiquz idOlhhs' tjd kuz:

 Trovel Speed

 jsoHq;a pdm fjda,agSh;djh

 jvd jevs Welding Garrent Ndjs;d jsu

Trovel Speed (Table Speed) b;d jevs jq jsg mEiaiqu (Welde Bed) b;d blauKska >Ks
njkSh jS (Solidify) mEiaiqu f.dv .efia' mDIaGl wd;;sfha n,mEu ksid (Sartawe
Tension) mdou f,dayfh jsh,kh jq f,day m%udKh mEiaiqfuz odrh osf.a mEiaiquzg
weoZ .ks' fuh isoqjkafka b;d blaukska'

POSITY ^ijsnr;djh&

fuu fodaIh we;s jq jsg >Ks Njkh jq meiaiqfuz jdhq l=yr oelsh yel' fuzjd m
%udKfhka tlsfklg fjkia jq yd wl%uj;a wdldrhg we;sjsh yel'

fuu fodaIh we;s jsug fya;=

 ndysr jdhqf.da,fha we;s jdhq mdou f,day u;=msg;a ;snsu'

 wOsl u,lEulg ,la jq mdou f,day u;=msgla ;snsu'

 c, jdIam wOslj ;snsu'

 m%udKj;a ;rfuz TlaIsldrl uQ,OrAu Welding Ware j, fkd;snsu'

 wd.ka;=l o%jH mEiaiqug tlajsu' ^.S%ia , f;,a ,c,h&

ndysr jdhq u.Zska oqIKh jsug fya;='

 m%udKj;a fkdjk ksjdrAos; jdhqjla fkd,ensu

  wOsl wdjrOsl jdhq iemhqula ;snsu'

 wOsl f,i wjysr jq Nozzel tlla fyda ydks jq jdhq iemhquz moaO;shla ;snsu'

 mEiaiquz m%foaYhg wOsl f,i yuk iq<.Z

TRACK ^msmsrsu&

fuu msmsrsu we;s jkafka mEiaiquz o%j yd >K hk wjia:d fol w;r iu;=,s;j ;sfnk
WiaK;aj,osh' fuhg fya;= jkqfha'

 jeros fj,vska jhrA ksid fuu Track we;sfjz' mEiaiqfuz meiaiquz f,day iy mdouh
f,day fkd.e,jsu'

 Joint Desigh ^uQgzgq ieliqu&

 mEiaiquz l%u ksid mEiaiquz we;sjk wOsl wjp,s;Ndjh ksid fuu fodAIhg u.Z
mdohs'

mEiaiquz fndr wvx.= jSu

f,day fkdjk o%jHla iuzmqrAK lrk ,o mEiaiquz we;=,; isrjs ;snsu' fuu fodaIhg
fya;=fjhz' mEiaiqfuys we;s jk fuu fodaI ksid mEiaiqu b;d oqrAj, ;;ajhlg m;ajs
Yla;su;a Ndjh wvq fjhs'

 fndr bj;a fkdlr Bg Wvska mEiaiqula msrsu (Mag) ioZyd n,mdhs'

 m%udKj;a fkdjq mEiaiquz Odrdjla fhdod .eksu'

 ksjeros fkdjq jeros meiaiquz fldakhla Ndjs;d lsrsu'

 mEiaiquz ixOsh ksjeros f,i ilia lr fkd;snsu'

mdou f,dayh ms<siais l=yrhla f,i we;sjsu'

wOslj ,efnk ;dmh ksid th ord .eksug wfmdfydi;aj mdou f,dayh jsh,kh jS
^WKqjS& wksla mig midre jsu' fuz ksid isoqfjhs'

fuhg n,mdk m%Odk fya;=

 wOsl jsoq,s Odrdjla fhdod .eksu'

 uQgzgqfjz we;s wOsl ysoei

 b;du; wvq Trovel Speed

  b;d jsYd, fnj,a f.acA ;snsu

 Welding Wire tl l=vd jSu

 m%udKj;a fkdjk f,i ieliq jev fldgi

BLACKING STRIP

fuh Backing Strip Ndjs;d lrkqfha me;s fol mEiaiquz lsrsug fkdyels wjia:dj,osh'
fujeks wjia:d j, (Backing Strip) jsjsOdldr yevfhka hq;a Ceramick fldgia ;dmhg Tfrd;a;=
fok Insaletion Tene tlla u.Zska mEiaiquz lsrsug fkdyels me;a;g ijslr .kq ,efnz' bka miq
mEiaiqug wjYH mrsos Bodd Gap tlla Ndjs;d lr tla me;a;lska muKla mEiaiquz lrkq ,efnz'
fuysos b;d fydoZ ;;ajfha fj,avsula ,nd .eksug mq,qjk'

Ceramic mgsfha we;s l=yr jefik fia mEiaiquz l, hq;=h

Ceramic fldgia ke;s jQ jsg mdou f,`yhg iudk f,`y mgs mEiaiquz lsrSug fkdyels
me;a;g rojd .ekSfukao wfkla miska Welding l, yel fuu mEiaiqfuzoSo r|jd .;a f,`y mghg
Penatration jk mrsos mEiaiquz l, hq;=h tjsg mEiaiqfuz ijsu;a Ndjh /l .ekSug yelshdj we;

DIRRECT CURRENT (ir< Odrdj&

ir< Odrdj hkq tla osYdjlg taldldrSj .,d hk jsoaHq;a Odrdj fjz'

Wod(- negrshlska wm ,nd .kafka ir< Odrdj fjz' tys Odrdj .,Kqfha OK w.fha isg iDK w.hg
fjz' idudkH jsoaHq;a iemhqulg ir< Odrd ks;r Ndjs;d fkdfjz' tfy;a meiaisulos ir<
Odrdj b;d jeo.;a fjz' ta yer mEiaiquz lS%hdj,sfha taldldrs jsoaHq;a pdmhla ,nd
osug Wmldrsfjz'

ALTERNATING CURRENT
^m%;HjrA; Odrdj&

m%;HdjrA: Odrdj hkq tys m%n,;djh iy osYdj taldldrs fjkia jk jsoaHq;a Odrdjls' tkuz fuu
Odrdj tla wjia:djl tla osYdjlg;a wfkla wjia:dfjz wfkla osYdjg;a .,d hkjd hehs
i,lkq ,nhs' ;mamrhlos tys osYdj ish;a jdrhla fjkiafjz' tkuz ;mamrhg l,djrA: 50 fyda 50Hz fndfyda
jsg wm ksfjia j, Ndjs;d jk fuu jsoaHq;a Odrdj l,djrA: 50la iy fjda,agsh;djfha 230 V jk m
%;HdhdrAl Odrdj fjz''
 THREE PHASE CURRENT
^f;l,d Odrdj&

f;l,d m%;HdjrA; Odrdj hkq l,d jrA: 50la iy m%;HdjrA: Odrd ;=kla tlsfkl msg .egqulska hq;a
jsoaHq;a Odrdjls' jsYd, jYfhka jsoaHq;a Ndjs;fhaos f;l,d Odrdjla m%fhdackhg .efka' fndfyda
f;l,d jsoaHq;a Odrd moaO;s ;=, fjda,agSh;djh 380Vls' tfy;a iuyr jev j, fhdod .efkk fjda,agSh ;djh 500V
ls' f;l,d Odrdj Ndjs;hg .kq ,nkafka iagdrA l%uhg fyda fv,agd l%uhghs' fuu wjia:d j,os fjda,agSh;djh
uKskq ,nkafka csj ikakdhl ^ L 1 fyda L2 fyda L3) folla w;r jsNj wka;rhhs

WIRE FEED AND CONTROL UNIT ^f,day lemsfuz tallh&

01' Wire Electrode Spool cool - jhrA bf,lafg%davs ……………...)

02' Wire Guide - jhrA wdOdrlh

03' Wire Feed Roller (driven) - jhrA t,jquz frda,rh

04' Pressure Roller - msvk frda,rh

05' Wire lead in nozzle - jhrA fhduq lrkh

fuh MIG Welding hka;%fha m%Odk fldgia w;rska tlla jk w;r fuu.ska isoq lrkq ,nkafka
jhrA bf,lafg%dakh ksishdldrj ksjerosj fhduq lsrsu'

Welding Transformer ^fj,avska g%dkaiafmdaurA&

meiaiquz mrsKduhlos ,nd fokafka m%;HdjrA: Odrdjla nj wm bf.k .;af;uz' tfy;a mEiaiquz
iDcqldrlh m%;HdjdrA: Odrd iemhqulska ir< Odrdjla ,nd fohs'
mEiaiquz iDcqldrlh f;l,d mrsKdujlska yd iDcq ldrl uq,uH j,ska hqla;h' oajs;sl o.Zrfhka ,nd fok
jsYd, f;l,d Odrdj iDcq ldrl uq,uH (Dlode) Tiafia ir< Odrdjla ,nd fohs' fuu Odrdj b;d iqtZ
Wpzpdjpkhka iys;j ir, Odrdjla fjz' ;j;a jsfYaI jdishla kuz wjYH ………………… f;dare mEiaisu
l, yels jsu yd fndfyda jsg wdrlaId iys; hka;%hla jsuhs'

hka;%fha yeoskajsfuz ixfla;h'

jdhq f.da,h'

fmd,j ugzgfus isg huz lsis oqrla olajd jdhq wdjrKhla we;' tu m%foaYh jdhq f.da,h hkqfjka
yeoskafjz' jsjsO jq ixhq;shlska jdhqka rdYshla jdhq f.da,fha we;' fuu jdhqka usksidf.a meje;au
ioZyd wjYH jkakd fiau wys;lr jdhqkao jdhq f.da,fha we;' uQ, o%jHhka 118la fidhdf.k we;s w;r
thska 12la jdhquh uQ, Orau fjz' tu jdhquh uq,OrAuhkaf.ka 06la lS%hdYs,s jdhq jk w;r wfkl=;a
ish,a, ksYslS%h jdhq fjz'

lS%hdYs,s jdhq

1' (N2) - khsg%cka

2' (O2) - TlaIscka

3' (H2) - yhsv%cka

4' (C2) - laf,darska

5' (Br) - f.%dauska

6' (F) - *A,Qjrska

ksYalS%h jdhq

1' (Ar) - wd.ka

2' (Ne) - ksfhda

3' (He) - yS,shuz

4' (Kr) - lS%mafgdaka

5' (Rn) - frfkdaka

6' (Xe) - lafifkdak

jdhq f.da,fha ;sfnk jdhq yd wm jsiska ksmojd .kakd jdhqka .;a jsg fuu jdhqka oelsh yels
huz jsfYaI fya;=fjka fuzjd huz huz ldKav j,g fnod oelajsh yel'

odyl jdhq FUED Gases

W±( (C2 H2) - weis,sgska

(C H2) - uSf;ka

(C3 H8) - fmdafcka

 (C4 H10) - nshqfgdak fuzjd myiqfjka .sks oe,ajsg yels jdhq fjz' fuzjdg O2
tla fldg oe,a,la idod .; yel'

Helping Gases ^Wmldrl jdhq&

Wmldrl jdhq f,i O2 oykhg fhdod .; yel'

CARRLER GASES ^jdyl jdhq&

khsg%cka TlaIscka yhsv%cka ldnkavfhdlaihsvz jeks jdhq fhdod .eku fyda thg wd.ka yS,Shuz hk
kSYalS%h jdhq tlafldg jdyl jdhq f,i Ndjs;d lsrsug ms,sjk' fuys jsfYaI wjia:dj jkafka Welding lrk
wjia:dfjz WIaK;ajh wOslj by< hdu j,lajd,suh'

wdrlaIl jdhq

Welding lghq;= j,os wjidkfha Welding u;=msg nefok Tlaihsvh bj;a lsrsu iy wd.ka
yS,shuz jeks ksYalS%j jdhq Ndjs;d lrk wjia:d ;sfnz'

oyk fmdaIlhla jk TlaIscka jdhqj iu.Z jdhq Welding lrAudka;fha Ndjs;hg .kakd oyk
jdhqfjka mQrAK jYfhka oykfjaos ,efnk WIaK;aj jeo.;a fjz'

weisg,ska + O2 – 3200 C0

fm%`fmaka + O2 – 2800 C0

nshqfgzka + O2 – 3000 C0

LP + O2 – 2400 C0

weisgs,Ska jdhq ksIamdokh

lrAudka; Yd,dfjz weisgs,Ska jdhqj idod.kq ,nkafka le,aishuz ldnhsgz leg c,hg
ieuSfuks'thska weisgs,Ska jdhqj ,nd .ekSug ms<sjk'c,hg le,aishuz ldnhsgz oeuzdfuka fy`
le,aishuz ldnhsgz j,g c,h usY% lsrSfuka weisgs,Ska jdhqj ksIamdokh lr .; yel'
 uq,skau c,h msreKq gexlshlg l%udkql+,j le,aishuz ldnhsgz leg oeuSug i,id ;sfnz c,hg
le,aishuz ldnhsgz leg oeuSfuzoS c,h iu. m%;sl%shd lrhs tys m%:sm,hla f,i weisgs,Ska jdhqj;a Bg
wu;rj c, jdIam yd fjk;a .sKs.kakd iq,q jdhq idod .ekSug ms<sjk'fuu jdhq m<uqj fmrykla ;=,ska
hjkq ,efnz 'fuysoS m<uq fmryfkaoS .sKs.kakd iq:Z jdhq ;rula \qrg fmrykh ;=,oS jdhqfjz wka;rA.;
c,jdIam bj;a lrk w;r jdhqj jsh<Sulao lrhs bka miq jdhqj fmd,qmhla u.ska mSvkhg ,lalr weisgs,Ska
jdhqfjz wka;rA.;j ;snQ fjk;a .sKs.kakd iq,q jdhqkao c, jdIam ish,a, bj;a lr jdhqj jsh<d msrsisz¥
fldg weisgs,Ska jdhq is,skavrh ;=,g fmduzm lrkq ,nhs'

jdhq is,skavr y\qkd .ekSu

mrSlaIdj O2 C2H2

jdhq is,skavrfha jrAKh mrSlaId lr l,q $ks,a crAuka m%us;shg r;=$ly

ne,Sfuka wkqj

Jdhq is,skavrhg ;gzgq lsrSfuka wefik /jz fok yvla Fnd,a yvla
YnzOh wkqj

is,skavrfha jdhq mSvk wdudkhla ol=K; fmdglaa ju;a fmdgla

mrSlaId fldg ne,Sfuka

Jdhq is,skavrh jsjD; fldg .| iqj| .| iqj| ke; we;

mrSlaId lsrSfuka

WELDING ELECTRODE

iEujsgu wm .kakd mEiaiquz l+re jrA.Slrkhg ,la lr we; tfia is\q jkafkatla tla f,`yhka
wkqjh'mEiaiquloS huz huz wmyiq;d j,g ,la jsh yel'tfy;a ta iEu foagu Tfrd;a;= oSfuz yelshdj we;s
whqrska mEiaiquz l+re ilia lr we;'tys m%Odk ;ekla .kafka mEiaiquz l+re j,g wdf,am lr we;s
ridhksl \%jHka ;snSuhs'
 mEiaiquz l+re j, ridhkslhka

fi,shqf,`ia 40]

jhsgz weianeiafg`ia 25]

ghsfgzkshuz Tlaihsvz 15]

f*fr` uex.kSishuz 15]

fi`vshuz is,sflagz 05]

ridhksl \%jH j, ldrAHhka

01 fi,shqf,`ia

mEiaiquz f,`yfha \%j jk ia:dk Tlaislrkfhka je<elajSu msrjquz f,`yhg wOsl jdhq m
%idrkhla ,nd oSu'wfmalaIs; ia:dkhg mEiaiquz f,`yh m;s; lsrSu'

02 jhsgz weianeiafg`ia

ma,laia wdjrKh oshjSu m%udo lsrSu mEiaiquz f,`yhg taldldrS isis,a jSula ,ndoSu ;dmh
m%idrKh jSu je<elajSu'

03 ghsfgzkshuz Tlaihsvz

;dmh taldldrSj mj;ajdf.k hdug WmldrS jSu

04 f*fr` uex.kSishuz

ish,Qu ridhksl \%jHhka osh jSug WmldrS fjz'

05 fi`vshuz is,sflagz

fj,avska bf,lafg%dvz j, ma,ia fldavz fkd.e,jS mj;skafka fuu ridhksl \%jH ksidh'

w=¥re lkakdvsh ^Corbolt Glass)

(12 A 1 DIN)

12 - wdrlaIl ugzgu yd w===¥re Ndjh

A - ksIamdolhdf.a ixfla;h

1 - oDIaGsl;ajh

DIN - m%us;s crAuka

wefursldkq m%us;shg wkqj w¥re lkaKdvs jrA. lrkqfha Ndjs;d lrk bf,lafg%`v j, jsIaluzNh
u;h'tfy;a tu w¥re Ndjh olajk lkaKdvsh wdrlaIl ugzgu crAuka m%us;shg iudklula olajhs'
 f,`y (METAL)

we,quskshuz ksIamdokh ^Aluminium Product)

meyefhka iq¥ meye jQ we,quskshuz b;d ieye,a,q f,`yhla jk w;r ksmojSug jevs js¥,s n,hla
jeh jk w;r tu f,`yh myiqfjka ;uSug ;e,Sug yd os.yerSug yelshdjla we;';jo nrSka wvq f,`yhla
ksid .=jka hdkd ksmojSug;a jevs m%;sfr`Ohla we;s ksid js¥,s /yeka ieliSug;a fhdod .efka fuzjd
ieliSug jsfYaI hka;% ksmojd we;'fuys øjdxlh 658 C0 la muK jk w;r jsldokhg Tfrd;a;= oSu yd
u;=msg ;,fha Tlaihsvz ;gzgqjla iEoSu is¥ fjz'fuu .=Kdx.h ridhksl .=Kdx.hla fjz'

iq¥ hlv

fuu f,`yh ksIamdokh lsrSu ioyd m%Odk jYfhka Bhuz usY% lsrSfuka idod .kakd w;r
mEiaiquz lsrSug tu jrA.h ioyd Ndjs;d jk jsfYaIs; jQ l+re ilid we;'

;ò (COPPER)

r;= ¥nqre meyefhka jk w;r b;du;a fydo ikakdhl;djfhka hqla;h'fuys øjdxlh 1083 C0 la muK
fjz'fuh uD¥ f,`yhla f,i yeoskafjz fuu .=Kdx.h fN!;sl .=Kdx.hla fjz'u< neoSfuka f;drj wdrlaIdldrSj
mejf;k w;r wjg jd;h fya;=fjka we;s lrjk f,`yh u; fld< meyehg ;ò Tlaihsvhla we;s fjz'fuu.ska f,`yh
wdrlaIdlsrSu is¥ fjz'fuho ridhksl .=Kdx.hla fjz'wdy;;djfhka yd nx.=r;djfhka hqla; jSu hdka;
%sl .=Kdx.hla f,i oelsh yel'js¥,s luzns j;=r mhsmam frAvsfhagrA YS;lrk WmlrK iEoSugo ;dmhg
Tfrd;a;= fok WmlrK iEoSugo usY% f,`yhka idod .ekSugo WmldrS fjz'

pSkpzpgzgs (CAST IRON)

w,q meye;s wuq hlv len,s jYfhka lshqfm`,djla ;=< r;a lr wpzpqjla ;=< fifuka ksfjkakg yer
pSkpzpgzgs ksIamdikh flfrApSkpzpgzgs m%Odk jYfhka fldgia 04ls

01 w,q meye;s pSkpzpgzgs

02 isis,a lrk ,i pSkpzpgzgs

03 jd;a;= jdfka

04 wdydkH jdfka

pSkpzpgzgs jdfka j,g jvd fjkia jkafka ldnka wxY= wfkla wxY= w;r ksoyiaj ;euzm;a jSug
b vi,iajd ;snSu ksid fuys fufia mj;skqfha wOsldnksl m%;sY;h 2.5] isg 4'5] olajd jk w;r øjdxlh
1150 - 1250 C0 w;r fjz fuh jdfka j, øjdxlhg jvd wvq øjdxlhls fuys nx.=r;djh jevs fjs ;dm
ikakdhl;djh wvq jk w;r ;e,Sug we;s yelshdj wvq fjz jvd;au ksIamdokh lrkqfha is,skavrA ;srsx.
wdosh fjz'

jdfka
 jdfka j, ldnka m%;sY;h yd Ndjs;d lrk ldrAHhka my;ska oelafjz'

jdfka yeoskafjk ku ldnka m%;sY;h Ndjs;d lrk ldrAHhka

DEAD MILD STEEL 0.05 - 0.15 ;=kS ;yvq ner,a wdosh

MILD STEEL 0.15 – 0.43 yhsfv%d,sla is,skavrA yd

tkacska fldgia

MEDIUM CARBON STEEL 0.45 – 0.8 fl`pzps fr`o oe;s fr`o l;=re
msyshd wdosh

HIGH CARBON STEEL 0.3 – 10 fl`pzps msys<s økq mgs

TOOL STEEL 10 – 15 ,shjquz lgq lmk lgq mSrS

wdoS

mEiaiquz lsrSfuzoS mEiaiSug m%:u f,`yhla iQodkuz lr .kakd whqre

fj,avska lsrSfuzoS jsjsO m%udKfha f,`y Ndjs;hg .efka'tu f,`y iuznkaO lsrSu fj,avska
u.ska is¥ flfrA'tu f,`y iuznkaO lsrSu b;d fydo Yla;s ;djhlska jsh hq;=h'th my; ioyka wdldrhg
tlsfklg iuznkaO lr .kakd fl`K iy yevhka my; mrsos fjz'
mEiaiSfuzoS Ndjs;d jk jpkdrA:hka

mEiaiSfuzoS wm fjku jpk iuQyhla Ndjs;d flfrA'mEiaiquz lrk jsg wm idudkH

jHjydrfhaoS th Ndjs;d lrhs'my; ioyka rEm igykska oelafjkafka ‘T’ ixOshloS Ndjs;d jk jpk
wrA:hkah'

X mdofha os. T mEiaiquloS Ndjs;d k< jsgoS we;sjk mEiaiquz uQ,H yd mEiaiqfuz msg;
odrfha os. fjz' Yhkq WELDING TOE hkqfjka wrA: oelafjz'
 noaO ixOshloS Ndjs;d jk jpk wrA:hka

WELDING POSITION ^mEiaiquz brshjz&

01 FLAT WELDING

02 VERTICAL WELDING

03 HORIZENTAL WELDING
 04 OVERHEAD WELDING

WELDING RODS

 idkaøh fkue;s

 wNHka;rfha fy` msg; idkaøh

 fj,avska frdvz tfla f,`yh iu. idkaøh usY% lr we;s frdvz fufia Ndjs;hg .kakd
ndysr fj,avska frdvz m%us;shg wkqj ksIamdokh lr ;sfnz'

idkaøfha we;s jdis

 ujz f,`yh msrsis¥ lsrSu

 mdiaik WIaK;ajh md,kh lsrSu

 f,`y ldjeoSu isø lsrSu

 nkaOkfha Yla;su;a Ndjh jevs lsrSu

 wjg jdhqf.`,fha jdhq yd fjk;a øjHka fj,avsug we;=,q jSu je<elajSu

 fj,avsfuka miq th wdrlaId lsrSu

 f,`yfha ldrAusl .=K wdrlaId lsrSu

FLUX jrA.

Aluminium Alloy :- fmdgEishuz *af,`rhsgz, ,s;shuz

Coppet Alloy :- fn`rsla weisvz, v%hs fi`vd ,fmdiafmgz

Magneecium Alloy :- NAD , KF ,MGCH, BCL3

SPOT WELDING

1900-1905 jrAYhkaysoS fuh f,djg y¥kajd oS we;'fuu fj,avska l%uh Resistance l%uhg
y¥kajd oS we;'usus 03 g wvq ISgz ioyd fhdod .efka' ISgz tlla ;j;a ISgz tlla iu. fcdhskagz lsrSu
ioyd Ndjs;d flfrA'

SPOT WELDING y¥kajd oSu

iafmdgz fj,avska hkq Resistance >Khg wh;a tlla u; tlla ;nd mdiaid .kq ,enSu fjz'Work
pieces u.ska jsoaHq;a Odrdjla .uka lrjd Ndjs;d lrk bf,lafg%dav fol u.ska jsYd, n,hla we;s lr wu;r
n,hla tl;= lsrSfuka ;yvq fol tl u; tl fj,avska fjz'
 nd,aosh

nd,aoshla fy` idudkH jiq;=jla ksrAudKh lsrSfuzoS tu yevh ,nd.kakd myiqu l%uh my;
rEm igykska oelafjz'
 by; rEm igyfka mrsos jsIaluzNh fldgia 07 g fnod isria frALdjla u; i<l=Kq fldg ;sria
frALdfjz Wi f.kWi ,l=Kq lr .;a ,laIfha isg kej; isria ,laIhla ,l=Kq lr .kS'wjYH ldKavfha l=vd
me;af;a jsIaluzNfhys igyka lr .;a fldgia 07 ,l=Kq lr .;a ia:dkfha isg jia;=fjz l=vd ia:dkh ,l=Kq lr .;a
i:dkfha jsIaluzNh ,laIh yryd frALdjla weo .kak'frALdj wjika jk ia:dkh ,l=Kq fldg Wi igyka jk
ia:dkfha isg jD;a;hla woskak'Wfia tla fldgila f.k tu jD;a;h fldgiA 22 g ,l=Kq lrkak'mdou ,laIhg 22
fldgi frALdjla weo jev fldgi lmd .kak'

is,skavrh

fok ,o mrsudjlg kshus; wdldrhg is,skavrhla ilid .kakd wdldrh yd is,skavrhla us,suSgrhgu
kjd .ekSug WmldrS jk l%uhhs'

SAFETY ^wdrlaIdj&

lrAudka; Yd,djla ;=< wk;=re b;du;a jevsh' fuu wk;=re ms<sno uQ,sl oekqula ,nd .ekSu fy` ta
ms<snoj oek isgSu fh`.H fjz'fuh nyq,j is¥ jkafka my; ioyka lreKq ksidfjks'

1 fydo udkisl ugzgula fkdue;s lu

2 ia:dkfha wmsrsis¥ lu yd wl%uj;a nj

3 wdjqO ms<sno ukd oekqula fkdue;s lu

4 wdrlaIl Wmfoia fkdms<smeoSu

5 ldrAuslhd l%uj;a fkdjSu

 b;d fydo udkisl ugzgula fkdue;s lu

udkisl fy` YdrSrsl mSvdjlska fmf<k jsgloS ;ud jsiska lrk ldrAHh yd ia:dkh .ek wjfn`Ohla
fkd;snSu'tfia kuz ldrAHhla ;=< ksr; jS isgsk jsgl jsys,q ;y,q lsrSfuka je<lsh hq;=h';jo jev
lsrSfuzoS wkjYH l,n, yd wkjYH nshla we;s lr fkd.; hq;=h'

jev lrk ia:dkfha wmsrsis¥ lu yd wl%uj;a nj

;ud huz ldrAHhla lrk iA:dkh yd wjg msrsis¥j ;nd .; hq;=h'wdjqO yd WmlrK ;ud wjg
oud ;snSfuka tajd iu. .egS wk;=re is¥jsh yel';jo f,`y fldgia .%sia f;,a c,h ;snSfukao wk;=re is¥ jsh
yel'fuz wk;=re j<lajd .ekSu ioyd by; ioyka lreKq wkq.ukh lsrSfuka wdjqO yd mqoa.,hdf.a
cSjs;ho wdrlaId fjz'

wdjqO ms<sno ukd oekqula fkdue;s lu

hka;%hla fy` wdjqOhla ms<sno ukd wjfn`Ohla fkdue;sj l%shd lsrSug hdfuka wk;=re is¥
jsh yelsh'fuu wk;=re is¥ jSu hka;%hg WmlrKhg fy` th l%shd lrk mqoa.,hdg jsh yelsh'tu ksid
wjfn`Ohla we;s mqoa.,hl=f.a Wmfoia wkqj mrSyrKh lsrSu fh`.H fjz'

wdrlaIl Wmfoia ms<smeoSu

lrAudka; Yd,djl ms<smeoSu ioyd kS;s mkjd we;'bka iuyrla kuz .sKs wejsf,kiq,q ia:dk j,
¥uz mdkh lsrSu js¥,s ier josk ia:dk .ek oekf.k isgSu p,kh jk fldgia yd wdjrKh fkdue;s N%uKh jk
fldgia we;s ia:dk j,ska .uka lsrSfuka je<lSu w;a wdjrK ysia wdjrK jeks wdrlaIl WmlrK me<oSu
l, hq;=h'

ldrAuslhd l%uj;a fkdjSu

ldrAuslhdf.a msrsis¥ lu yd l%uj;a Ndjho wk;=re je<elajSug fya;= fjz'tfiakuz kshfmd;= wl

%uj;a /jq, yd ysiflia fomd wdjrK uq¥ ud, yd t,a,d jefgkiq,q we¥uz mrsyrKh ms<sno ldrAuslhd
ie<ls,su;a jsh hq;=h'
 TRANSFORMER

imhk jsoaHq;fha fj`,agSh;djh wvq jevs lsrSu jsoaHq;a mrsKdulh kuz fjz'n,d.dr j,
Wmoaojk fj`,agSh;djh jevs lsrSug;a jsYd, fj`,agsh;d wvq lsrSu ioyd Ndjs;d lrk ,nkqfha jsoHq;a
mrsKdulh kue;s WmlrKhls'mrskdulh uD¥ hlv rduqjl fjk fjku t;++ mrsjdr o.r follska iukajs;h' m
%d:usl o.rh Tiafia m%;Hdjra: Odrdjla hejQ l, o.rhg fhdok fj`,agSh;djh m%Odk fj`,agSh;djh f,io
oajs;Sl o.rh ;=<ska .,k Odrdj m%:sodk fj`,gSh;djh f,i yeoskafjz'

m%d:usl o.rh

m%d:usl o.rfha fmdgj,a .Kkg jvd oajs;Sl o.rfha fmdgj,a .Kk jsYd, jQ jsg m%Odk
fj`,gSh;djhg jvd jsYd, fjz'fuh wOslr mrsm:hla fjz'

oajs;Sl o.rh

m%d:usl o.rfha fmdgj,a .Kkg jvd wvq fmdgj,a .Kkla oajs;Sl o.rfha we;akuz m%Odk
fj`,gSh;djhg jvd l=vd fj`,gSh;djhla we;s mrsKdul wjlr mrskdul fjz'

we,quskshuz ksIamdokh

fmd<fjka ,nd .kakd BAURITE j,ska we,quskshus Tlaihsvz ,nd f.k TlaislrKh lsrSfuka
we,quskshuz ^2.7 Kg /dm3) øjdxlh 657 C0 jk fydo ikakdhlhla f,i l%shd lrhs'fuu .=Kdx.h
fN!;sl .=Kdx.hlao fjz'jsldokhg Tfrd;a;= oSu yd u;= ;,fha Tlaihsvz neoSu ksid th ridhksl .=Kfhkao
hqla;h'Welding lsrSu jd;a;= lsrSu lemSu hk .=Kdx. ksid ldrAusl .=Kfhkao hqla;h'

we,quskshuz usY% f,`y

ue.akSishuz

is,slka

f*ria

fldmrA

fl%daushuz

iskala

ghsfgzkshuz