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Lecture 03 - Intro To Matter
Lecture 03 - Intro To Matter
INTRODUCTION TO MATTER
States of matter:
• Plasma
Temperature
• Gas
• Liquid
• Solid
2
Statesof of
States matter
matter – Solids
– Solids
• Plasma
Temperature
• Gas
• Liquid
• Solid
3 https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html
Statesof of
States matter
matter – Solid:
– Solids: Classification
Classification
Crystalline
Regular 3-D pattern
Particles arranged in an orderly geometric
pattern – we call these crystalline solids
(e.g., salt and diamonds)
Amorphous:
No regular pattern
Particles randomly distributed
without any long-range pattern –
we call these amorphous solids
(e.g., plastic, glass and charcoal)
Diamond
C (s, diamond)
Charcoal
4 C (s, amorphous)
Statesof of
States matter
matter – Liquids
– Liquids
Temperature
• Gas
• Liquid
https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html
• Solid
5
Statesof of
States matter
matter – Gases (1)
– Gases
Temperature
• Gas
• Liquid
https://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/liquids/character.html
• Solid
6
Statesof of
States matter
matter – Plasma
– Plasma
Nuclei Electrons
• Plasma
Temperature
• Gas
• Liquid
A plasma lamp • Solid
7 https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_(physics)
Whatisismatter?
What matter?
8 Source: Unknown
Atomsand
Atoms and Molecules
Molecules
Atoms
The smallest particle that an element can be subdivided
into and retain the chemical properties of that element
Molecules
A bonded collection of two or more atoms of the
same or different elements.
The smallest particle of a compound having the
properties of a compound.
Compound
A subtance with constant composition that can be broken down into
elements by chemical processes
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Atomsand
Atoms and Molecules
Molecules
10
Composition of Matter
11
Physicalproperties/changes
Physical Changes
Physical properties are the characteristics of matter that can be changed
without changing its composition
o characteristics that are directly observable
State changes
boiling / condensing
melting / freezing
Subliming
Dissolving
13
Chemistry
Chemistry = Matter
= Matter andand its changes
its changes
Mass is conserved.
14
LawofofConservation
Law Conservation of Mass
of Mass
Antoine Lavoisier
15
Energy
E = mc2
(by Albert Einstein)
E: energy
m: mass
c: speed of light (~3x108m/s)
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UnitsofofEnergy
Units Energy
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Temperature
Temperature & measurement
& Measurement
23
Energyand
Energy and Change
Change - Exothermic
- Exothermic Processes
Processes
24
An exothermic reaction
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Anendothermic
An endothermic reaction
reaction
27
HeatGain
Heat Gainor or Loss
Loss byObject
by an an Object
q = m x C x ΔT
28
HeatCapacity
Heat Capacity
29
SpecificHeat
Specific Heat Capacity
Capacity
30
SpecificHeat
Specific heat capacities
Capacities for common
for Common subtances
Substances
31
Problems
Answer:
Answer:
32
End of lecture 03
33
Review