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  • Hematology Pathology - 005) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) (Illustrations - Key)

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    1) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from increased mature but incompetent lymphocytes in the bone marrow and blood, which decreases normal hematopoiesis and competent immune cells. 2) Diagnostic tests for CLL include a complete blood count showing low red blood cells, platelets, and sometimes neutrophils with increased lymphocytes, as well as immunophenotyping of lymphocytes. 3) Treatment for CLL is based on the Rai classification system and ranges from observation for mild cases to chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant for severe cases.

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    11630050 - Hematology Pathology - 005 ] Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) [Illustrations - key]

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    1) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from increased mature but incompetent lymphocytes in the bone marrow and blood, which decreases normal hematopoiesis and competent immune cells. 2) Diagnostic tests for CLL include a complete blood count showing low red blood cells, platelets, and sometimes neutrophils with increased lymphocytes, as well as immunophenotyping of lymphocytes. 3) Treatment for CLL is based on the Rai classification system and ranges from observation for mild cases to chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant for severe cases.

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    5 views1 page

    Hematology Pathology - 005) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) (Illustrations - Key)

    Uploaded by

    hasanatiya41
    1) Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) results from increased mature but incompetent lymphocytes in the bone marrow and blood, which decreases normal hematopoiesis and competent immune cells. 2) Diagnostic tests for CLL include a complete blood count showing low red blood cells, platelets, and sometimes neutrophils with increased lymphocytes, as well as immunophenotyping of lymphocytes. 3) Treatment for CLL is based on the Rai classification system and ranges from observation for mild cases to chemotherapy or bone marrow transplant for severe cases.

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    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH TREATMENT

    Hematopoiesis Pathway Effects of ↑↑ Lymphocytes in Bone Marrow CBC w/ P.B.S. RAI Classification System for CLL

    ↓Space
    ↓↓RBC’s (direct antibody test)
    ↑↑ Mature/Incompetent Lymphocytes AIHA (LDH↑, Hapto↓, DAT(+)) RAI 0 Lymphocytosis
    Hemocytoblast
    ↓↓Competent plasma cells ↓Space
    ↓↓PLTs
    ITP Lymphocytosis
    Hypogammaglobulinemia RAI I
    PNA
    ↑Risk of Infections ±↓↓Neutrophils LAN

    M.S.C. L.S.C. (>5000/mm3) Lymphocytosis


    Diff. ↓↓ Neutropenia (↓Space) ↑↑Lymphocytes (mature, ↓functional) RAI II LAN
    ↓↓ Anemia (↓Space) (+) Smudge cells (C.L.L.) Hepatosplenomegaly

    Lymphoblast Fatigue, Pallor, Dyspnea UTI P.B.S.


    Lymphocytosis
    Diff.
    LAN
    ↓↓ Thrombocytopenia (↓Space) RAI III
    Hepatosplenomegaly
    Bruising, Bleeding Bone Marrow Biopsy Anemia (not AIHA)
    Prolymphocyte

    Diff. Cellulitis Not useful


    Lymphocytosis
    LAN
    ↑↑
    B-lymphocyte RAI IV Hepatosplenomegaly
    T-lymphocyte Effects of ↑↑ Lymphocytes in Blood and Tissues ↑↑Small Mature Lymphocytes Anemia (not AIHA)
    Thrombocytopenia (not ITP)

    Asymptomatic RAI 0, I, II Observation


    Causes of ↑↑ Lymphocytes Immunophenotyping

    CD Symptomatic RAI I/II Treatment


    Tdt
    ↑Mature
    Lymphocytosis ↓Competent
    B-cells RAI III/IV
    (>5000/mm3) Flow Cytometry Immunohistochemistry
    Fail chemo Agents:
    B-ALL N/A Younger:
    Bone Marrow
    CO10, CO19, CO20 Transplant Fludarabine
    Cyclophosphamide
    ↑Cells Hepatosplenomegaly B-CLL Rituximab
    ↑Proteins IL-1 Autoantibodies CO5, CO19, CO20
    N/V Older:
    TNF-α
    Anorexia Ibrutinib
    ↑Viscosity
    ↑↑ Fullness
    • Fevers Additional Tests
    Hyperviscosity • Night sweats Immune
    Syndrome AIHA ITP thrombocytopenic
    M/C in ages >70 y/o
    Lymphadenopathy Richter's
    purpura
    H/A
    CLL + LAN lymph Transformation Evans Uls LN Biopsy
    adenopathy
    CLL/SLL Syndrome
    SLL CT Abdomen (?)DLBL
    Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)
    D.L.B.L.cell lymphoma
    is a type of blood cancer diffuse large b

    ↑Grade
    Lymphoma
    autoimmune hemolytic anemia

    CHRONIC LYMPHOCYT IC LEUKEMIA

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