PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY

PROJECT

TOPIC
To Determine The Combined Focal Length Of The
Lens System
PREPARED BY
NAME: CHINMAY UPADHYAYA
CLASS: XII-A
ROLL NO:
SESSON: 2023-24
SUPERVISED BY: NEETA SIKRI
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the completion of this project successfully many People
have best owned upon me their blessings and Heart
pledged support, this time I am utilizing to thank All
the people who have been considered with this Project.

I would like to thank my PHYSICS TEACHER MRS.

NEETA SIKIRI Valuable guidance has been the ones that
helped me Complete this project and make it a success,
her Suggestions and instructions served as a major
Contribution towards the completion of this project.
ThenI would like to thank my parents and friends who
Have helped me with their valuable suggestion
OBSERVATIONS
SYSTEM 1. (convex/concave)
Serial Lenses Rough focal Radius of f=R/2
no. length(cm) curvature(R) (cm)
1. Convex(L1) 9.5 20 10
2. Concave(L2) 8 18 -9
separation = 7.2 cm
SYSTEM 2. (convex/convex)
Serial Lenses Rough focal Radius of f=R/2
no. length(cm) curvature(R) (cm)
1. Convex(L1) 9.5 20 10
2. Convex(L2) 9.5 20 10
separation = 7.2 cm
SYSTEM 3. (Concave/Concave)
Serial Lenses Rough focal Radius of f=R/2
no. length(cm) curvature(R) (cm)
1. Concave(L1) 8 18 -9
2. Concave(L2) 8 18 -9
separation = 9 cm
 CALCULATIONS
System 1.

1/F = 1/f1 + 1/f2 - d/f1f2

1/F = 1/10 + 1/(-9) - 7.2/(10)(-9)
Therefore, F = 14.516 cm

System 2.

1/F = 1/f1 + 1/f2 - d/f1f2

1/F = 1/10 + 1/(10) - 7.2/(10)(10)
Therefore, F = 7.8125 cm
System 3.

1/F = 1/f1 + 1/f2 - d/f1f2

1/F = 1/(-9) + 1/(-9) - 9/(-9)(-9)
Therefore, F = -3 cm
PRECAUTIONS
• Tips of the object and image needles should lie at the same
height as the centre of the lens.

• Parallax should be removed from tip to tip by keeping eye at a

distance at least 30cm away from the needle.

• The object needle should be placed at such a distance that only

real, inverted image of it is formed.

CONCLUSION
The combined focal length of one convex and one concave lenses
having focal length 10 cm and 9 cm respectively and separated by
a distance of 7.2 cm is 14.516 cm.

So on combination of the one convex and one concave lens the

effective focal length increases and hence its effective power
decreases.

The effective nature of the combined lens system is converging i.e.

convex lens since focal length for the system comes out to be
positive.
SOURCES OF ERROR
• The uprights may not be the vertical.

• Parallax removal may not be perfect.

BIBLOGRAPHY
• Comprehensive Pratical Physics Class XII
• NCERT Physics Part – II
• Experimental Physics
• www.wikipedia.com
THANK
YOU