1 MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

THE RELATIONSHIP OF CATEGORIES OF TOURISM

(COMBINATION OF THE THREE BASIC FORMS OF
TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY TOURISM)
INTERNAL TOURISM Combination of Domestic
and Inbound Tourism
COMPONENTS OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY
EX: Filipinos going to Philippine destinations. (Domestic)
Foreigners going to Philippines. (Inbound)
▪ Food & Beverage Services
Key Point: Philippines
▪ Lodging Services
NATIONAL TOURISM Combination of Domestic
▪ Recreation Services
and Outbound Tourism
▪ Travel Related Services EX: Filipinos going to Philippine destinations. (Domestic)
Filipinos going to other countries. (Outbound)
The components of tourism and hospitality network may Key Point: Filipinos
be Independent and Competitive Businesses; yet they are
Interrelated and Interdependent.
INTERNATIONAL Combination of Inbound
WHAT IS TOURISM? TOURISM and Outbound Tourism
EX: Foreigners going to Philippines. (Inbound)
▪ Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon
Filipinos going to other countries. (Outbound)
which entails the movement of people to countries or Key Point: Other/Foreign Country
places outside their usual environment for personal or
business/professional purposes.

THREE BASIC FORMS OF TOURISM VISITORS

DOMESTIC TOURISM Involves residents of a
country travelling only
within that country.
EX: Filipinos going to local destinations.
INBOUND TOURISM Involves non-residents
travelling in a country.
EX: Chinese going to Boracay, Philippines.
OUTBOUND TOURISM Involves residents of a
country travelling to other
countries.
EX: Filipinos going to HK, Thailand, etc.
▪ All travellers who engage in Tourism.
▪ A person who engages in Tourism.
▪ The basic unit of measurement for the whole Tourism
statistics. (WTO)
▪ Not the same as traveller.
WHAT IS A TRAVELLER?
▪ Travellers are people on a trip between two or more
places, while visitors are people who engage in Tourism.
▪ A traveller is someone who moves between different
geographic locations, for any purpose and any duration
(IRTS 2008, 2.4). The visitor is a particular type of traveller
and consequently Tourism is a subset of travel.

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2 MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

CLASSIFICATION OF VISITORS DISTANCE TRAVELLED

INTERNATIONAL VISITORS TRAVEL CATEGORIES

- are persons who travel in a country other than LOCAL TRAVEL Is travel within one’s home
community.
the one in which they have usual residence.
EX: Residents of Kalibo travelling to Boracay.
LOCAL/DOMESTIC VISITORS

- are persons residing in a country, who travel to a DOMESTIC TRAVEL Is travel within one’s
country of residence.
place outside their usual environment.
Ex: Metro Manila residents going to Philippine destinations
Tourists may also be classified according to: like Baguio, Sagada, Davao, etc.
REGIONAL TRAVEL Is travel within the region
▪ Length of Stay
where one’s province
belong to.
▪ Purpose
EX: Pampanga residents travelling to Potipot in Zambales.
▪ Origin of the Traveller
INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL Is travel to destination
▪ Distance Travelled
outside one’s country of
residence.
▪ Type of Accommodation
EX: Filipinos going to Cambodia, Japan, etc.
▪ Mode of Transport

LENGTH OF STAY

TOURIST EXCURSIONIST MODE OF TRANSPORT

(OVERNIGHT VISITOR)
A visitor who stays at least
one night in a collective or
private accommodation in
the country or place visited.
(SAME DAY VISITOR)
- Scheduled Flight
Any person visiting a place AIR - Non-Scheduled Flight
other than his residence
and remaining less than 24 - Passenger Lines
hours. WATERWAY - Ferries
- Cruise

A visitor (Domestic, Inbound or Outbound) is classified as a - Railway

tourist (or overnight visitor), if his/her trip includes an - Motor Coach
overnight stay, or as a same – day visitor (or excursionist) LAND - Bus
otherwise. (IRTS 2008, 2.13) - Private Vehicles
- Vehicle Rentals

PURPOSE OF VISIT PREREQUISITES OF TRAVEL

▪ Leisure, Recreation, Holiday
▪ Financial Capability
▪ Visiting Friends and Relatives (VFR)
▪ Leisure Time
▪ Business
▪ Interest
▪ Health Treatment (Medical Tourism)

▪ Religion or Pilgrimage

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3 MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

TOP 8 MOTIVATIONS FOR TRAVEL UNIQUE VISITOR EXPERIENCE

▪ To relax, get rid of stress ▪ Tourism assets/facilities, except for transportation units
cannot be moved to another location where the demand is
▪ To be free from schedules higher.

▪ To spend more time with family PERISHABLE

▪ To see new things
▪ To feel alive
▪ To enrich perspective in life
▪ To make others wait on me
▪ To gain knowledge of history and other cultures
PROPERTIES OF TOURISM
COMPOSITE PRODUCT
▪ Involves combination of products – in the form of goods
and services.
▪ Not created by one single entity but by several sectors:
BUSINESS SECTOR refers to organizations
meeting the needs of the visitors such as hotels, motels,
food enterprises, travel agencies and transportation
companies.
NON PROFIT SECTOR covers voluntary, health,
religious, recreation, historic, ethnic, professional,
archaeological and youth organizations.
GOVERNMENT SECTOR comprises agencies which
may be involved in any or all of these functions:
▪ enactment and implementation of laws and regulations
affecting tourism
▪ maintaining visitor attractions and facilities
▪ ownership and management of tourism infrastructure
▪ Revenues lost from unsold hotel rooms or airlines seats
are not recoverable.
INTERACTS WITH EXTERNAL FORCES
▪ The quality of tourist experience is at the mercy of
natural, political, technological and economic forces which
are beyond one’s control.
WHAT IS HOSPITALITY?
▪ The word hospitality is derived from the Latin word
hospitare, which means “to receive as a guest”.
▪ The phrase implies that a host is prepared to meet a
guest’s basic requirements while the guest is away from
home.
▪ The requirements of a guest in these circumstances are
food, beverages, lodging, or shelter.
▪ Several related words come from the Latin root, including
hospital, hospice, and hostel.
▪ In each of these words, the principal meaning is a host
who receives, welcomes and caters to the needs of people
who are temporarily away from homes.
THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE COMPONENT
▪ Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner and Snacks
▪ Restaurants
▪ Food Establishments

▪ tourism promotion and marketing

INTANGIBLE

▪ Tourism Product vs. Manufactured Goods.

You can’t try it before you buy it.

No money back guarantee.

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4 MACRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY PRIVATE TOURISM ACCOMMODATION

FORM OF SERVICE: How food is presented to the guests.

EXAMPLES:
TABLE SERVICE: A host or hostess seats the guests,
servers take orders and deliver these to the table.
- owned dwellings
BUFFET SERVICE: Guests go to the buffet table for food. - rented rooms in family homes

BANQUET TABLE SERVICE: Food is transported from a - accommodation provided by Friends and
central kitchen in heated carriers and transported near the Relatives
dining area.

CAFETERIA SERVICE: Food is dished out unlike in buffet

service that is self service. (i.e.. Canteens and food courts) 1. The tourist. The tourist seeks various psychic and
physical experiences and satisfactions. The nature of these
will largely determine the destinations chosen and the
THE LODGING COMPONENT activities enjoyed.

▪ Lodging involves overnight or even long-term services to 2. The businesses providing tourist goods and services.
guests. Business people see tourism as an opportunity to make a
profit by supplying the goods and services that the tourist
▪ Place to sleep. market demands.
▪ Entertainment and recreational facilities. 3. The government of the host community or area.
Politicians view tourism as a wealth factor in the economy
ACCOMMODATION
of their jurisdictions. Their perspective is related to the
incomes their citizens can earn from this business.
COLLECTIVE TOURISM ESTABLISHMENTS
Politicians also consider the foreign exchange receipts
▪ Establishments larger than a private home offering from international tourism, as well as the tax receipts
overnight accommodation. collected from tourist expenditures, either directly or
indirectly. The host government can play an important role
EXAMPLES: in tourism policy, development, promotion, and
implementation.
- hotels, motels, etc.
4. The host community. Local people usually see tourism
- holiday camps as a cultural and employment factor. Of importance to the
host community, for example, is the effect of the
- conference center
interaction between large numbers of international visitors
- holiday dwellings and residents. This effect may be beneficial or harmful, or
both.
- tourist campsites

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