,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

5(62/8&,Ï1'(&8(67,21(6

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDVODVVLJXLHQWHVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDV
$VVSVS %VV &VVS
,QGLTXHUD]RQDGDPHQWH
D (OJUXSR\SHUtRGRHQORVTXHVHKDOODQ$%\&
E /RVLRQHVPiVHVWDEOHVTXHIRUPDUiQ$%\&

Solución

D $'DGRTXHODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDHVVSVH
HVWiOOHQDQGRODFDSD0FRQQ~PHURFXiQWLFRSULQFLSDOSRUORTXHHOHOHPHQWR
HVWDUiVLWXDGRHQHOWHUFHUSHUtRGR
$O VHU V S TXLHUH GHFLU TXH VH HVWi OOHQDQGR OD VXEFDSD S \ TXH \D KDQ
HQWUDGRFXDWURHOHFWURQHVSRUORTXHOHFRUUHVSRQGHHVWDUHQHOJUXSR
%$OVHUODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDVFRUUHVSRQGHDO
žSHUtRGR\FRPRVHKDRFXSDGRHORUELWDOVFRQGRVHOHFWURQHVDOJUXSR
& (Q HVWH FDVR OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD HV V S OR FXDO LQGLFD TXH
SHUWHQHFHDOVHJXQGRSHUtRGR\DOWHQHUOOHQRVORVWUHVRUELWDOHVSDOJUXSR

E  $ 'DGD OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD D OD TXH OH IDOWDQ GRV HOHFWURQHV SDUD
FRPSOHWDUODFRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOH VS HOLRQPiVHVWDEOHVHUi$
%(QHVWHFDVRODWHQGHQFLDHVDSHUGHUORVGRVHOHFWURQHVVGDQGR%FRQOR
TXHDGTXLHUHODFRQILJXUDFLyQGH+H V 
&(QHVWHFDVRFRPRVXFRQILJXUDFLyQHVODGHO1H VS QRWLHQHWHQGHQFLDD
IRUPDULRQHV


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D  (VFULED OD HVWUXFWXUD HOHFWUyQLFD GH ORV iWRPRV GH ORV HOHPHQWRV FX\RV
Q~PHURVDWyPLFRVVRQ\
E ,QGLTXHMXVWLILFDQGRODUHVSXHVWDHOHOHPHQWRGHPD\RUHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ
\HOTXHWLHQHPD\RUFDUiFWHUPHWiOLFR
F ¢(QTXpJUXSR\SHUtRGRGHOVLVWHPDSHULyGLFRHVWiVLWXDGRFDGDHOHPHQWR"

Solución

D = VVSV
 = VVSVS
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

  = VVSVS

E  (O HOHPHQWR GH =   HV HO TXH WLHQH PD\RU HQHUJtD GH LRQL]DFLyQ DO WHQHU
PD\RU Q~PHUR GH SURWRQHV \ PD\RU Q~PHUR GH HOHFWURQHV HQ OD FDSD GH
YDOHQFLD
(OTXHWLHQHPD\RUFDUiFWHUPHWiOLFRHVHOGH= \DTXHHVHOTXHFHGHPiV
IiFLOPHQWH HO HOHFWUyQ GH OD FDSD GH YDOHQFLD \ WHQHU HO PD\RU UDGLR DO VHU HO
SULPHUHOHPHQWRGHHVHSHUtRGR

F 'DGR TXH ORV WUHV HOHPHQWRV SUHVHQWDQ FRPR FDSD GH YDOHQFLD OD GH Q  
HVWiQHQHOWHUFHUSHUtRGR
(OHOHPHQWRGH= GDGDVXFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD
HVWiVLWXDGRHQHOJUXSRSULPHUJUXSRGHOEORTXHV
(O HOHPHQWR GH =   DO WHQHU XQ VROR HOHFWUyQ S HVWi VLWXDGR HQ HO SULPHU
JUXSRGHOEORTXHSHVGHFLUHQHOJUXSR
(O HOHPHQWR GH =   WLHQH FXDWUR HOHFWURQHV HQ HO RUELWDO S SRU OR TXH
FRUUHVSRQGHDOFXDUWRJUXSRGHOEORTXHHVGHFLUDOJUXSR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

3DUDFDGDXQDGHODVVLJXLHQWHVSDUHMDV
D . =  \&O =  
E ) =  \1D =  
F &O\.
,QGLTXHGHIRUPDUD]RQDGDTXpiWRPRRLRQWLHQHXQUDGLRPD\RU
 
Solución

D . VVSVSV
 &O VVSVS

(OUDGLRGHO.HVPD\RUTXHHOGHO&O\DTXHHQpOVHLQLFLDXQDQXHYDFDSDFRQ
UHVSHFWR DO FORUR \D TXH  HO HOHFWUyQ GH YDOHQFLD HVWi HQ OD FDSD FXDUWD
PLHQWUDVTXHORVGHOFORURVHTXHGDQHQODWHUFHUD

E ) VVS
 1D VVSV

(O UDGLR GHO 1D HV PD\RU TXH HO GHO ) SRU ODV PLVPDV UD]RQHV TXH HQ HO FDVR
DQWHULRUSHURHVWDYH]FRQODVFDSDV\

F &O VVSVS
. VVSVS
 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

(O UDGLR GHO LRQ FORUXUR HV PD\RU TXH HO LRQ SRWDVLR DXQ FXDQGR DPERV LRQHV
WLHQHQODPLVPDFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFD$OVHUHO.XQFDWLyQHOQ~PHURGH
SURWRQHV HQ HO Q~FOHR HV PD\RU TXH HO GH HOHFWURQHV HQ ODV FDSDV SRU OR TXH
TXHGDQ PiV DWUDtGRV SRU HO Q~FOHR \ VH FLHUUDQ VREUH VX WDPDxR (Q HO &O HO
UDGLR HV PD\RU SXHV WHQLHQGR OD PLVPD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD HO Q~PHUR GH
SURWRQHVTXHDWUDHQDORVHOHFWURQHVHVPHQRUDOPLVPRWLHPSRTXHODUHSXOVLyQ
GH ORV HOHFWURQHV HQWUH Vt HQ OD FDSD GH YDOHQFLD HV PD\RU TXH HQ HO iWRPR
QHXWUR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D ,QGLTXHODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHORViWRPRVGHORVHOHPHQWRV$%\&
FX\RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVVRQUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH\
E (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHOLRQPiVHVWDEOHGHFDGDXQRGHHOORV
F 2UGHQHGLFKRVLRQHVSRURUGHQFUHFLHQWHGHVXVUDGLRV

Solución

D $ =   VVSVS
% =   VVSVS
& =   VVSVSV

E $ VVS
 % VVSVS
 & VVSVS
 
F $&%



&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

2UGHQHORVHOHPHQWRVTXtPLFRV&D&O&V\)HQVHQWLGRFUHFLHQWHGHVX
D &DUiFWHUPHWiOLFR
E 5DGLRDWyPLFR
-XVWLILTXHODVUHVSXHVWDV

Solución

D )&O&D&V
/RV QR PHWDOHV WHQGUiQ PHQRU FDUiFWHU PHWiOLFR TXH ORV PHWDOHV (QWUH ORV QR
PHWDOHVHOGHPD\RUDILQLGDGHOHFWUyQLFDVHUiHOGHPD\RUFDUiFWHUQRPHWiOLFR
TXH HQ HVWH FDVR HV HO ) SRU HVWDU SRU HQFLPD GHO &O HQ HO JUXSR \ VHU PiV
HOHFWURQHJDWLYR(QWUH&D\&VDOHVWDUpVWHHQHOJUXSRFRQXQVRORHOHFWUyQ
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

HQ OD FDSD GH YDOHQFLD \ WHQHU PXFKR PD\RU WDPDxR TXH HO &D WHQGUi PiV
WHQGHQFLDDFHGHUHOHOHFWUyQ\SRUWDQWRPD\RUFDUiFWHUPHWiOLFR

E )&O&D&V
(Q HVWH RUGHQ DXPHQWD HO SHUtRGR HQ HO TXH HVWiQ \ SRU WDQWR WLHQHQ PD\RU
Q~PHURGHFDSDVGHHOHFWURQHV\SRUWDQWRPD\RUWDPDxR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRVORVYDORUHVGHQ~PHURVFXiQWLFRV ò  ò  ò 
\ ò 
D ,QGLTXHFXiOHVGHHOORVQRHVWiQSHUPLWLGRV
E ,QGLTXHHOQLYHO\HORUELWDOHQHOTXHVHHQFRQWUDUtDQORVHOHFWURQHVGHILQLGRV
SRUORVYDORUHVGHORVQ~PHURVFXiQWLFRVSHUPLWLGRV

Solución

D  ò SXHVPO!O\HVWRQRHVSRVLEOH
 ò SXHVSDUDO VyORSXHGHKDEHUPO 

E  ò FRUUHVSRQGHDOQLYHO\HVXQRUELWDOG
 ò FRUUHVSRQGHDOQLYHO\HVHORUELWDOV


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

&RQVLGHUHODVLJXLHQWHWDEODLQFRPSOHWD

(OHPHQWRV 1D " $O " 6 "
5DGLRVDWyPLFRV "  "  " 

D  5HSURGX]FD OD WDEOD \ FRPSOpWHOD VLWXDQGR ORV YDORUHV  QP  QP \
QP\ORVHOHPHQWRV3&O\0JHQORVOXJDUHVRSRUWXQRV
E ,QGLTXH\H[SOLTXHTXpQRUPDKDVHJXLGR

Solución

D 

(OHPHQWRV 1D 0J $O 3 6 &O
5DGLRVDWyPLFRV      

 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

E  7RGRV VRQ HOHPHQWRV GHO WHUFHU SHUtRGR \ YD GLVPLQX\HQGR VX UDGLR DO
GHVSOD]DUQRVKDFLDODGHUHFKD\D TXHDXPHQWD=\ HOHOHFWUyQTXHHQWUDHQOD
PLVPDFDSDHVWDUiPiVDWUDtGR



&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRVORVHOHPHQWRV$%\&GHQ~PHURVDWyPLFRV\UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
D (VFULEDODHVWUXFWXUDHOHFWUyQLFDGHHVRVHOHPHQWRV
E 'HWHUPLQHHOJUXSR\SHUtRGRDORVTXHSHUWHQHFHQ
F 2UGpQHORVHQRUGHQFUHFLHQWHGHVXHOHFWURQHJDWLYLGDG

Solución

D $ VVS
% VVSVSV
& VVSVSGVS
 
E $SHUtRGRJUXSR
%SHUtRGRJUXSR
&SHUtRGRJUXSR

F %&$


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D  (VFULED OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD GH ORV iWRPRV GH ORV HOHPHQWRV FRQ
Q~PHURVDWyPLFRV\
E  ,QGLTXH UD]RQDGDPHQWH FXiO HV HO LRQ PiV HVWDEOH GH FDGD XQR GH HOORV \
HVFULEDVXFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFD

Solución

D = VVSVSV
= VVSVSGV
= VVSVSGVS

E =  SXHVVLSLHUGHGRVHOHFWURQHVDOFDQ]DODFRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOH
VVSVS
=   SXHV DO SHUGHU GRV HOHFWURQHV DOFDQ]D XQD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HVWDEOH FRQ
XQDFDSDOOHQDVVSVSG
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD


=   SXHV DO JDQDU XQ HOHFWUyQ DOFDQ]D FRQILJXUDFLyQ GH JDV QREOH V V
SVSGVS


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/D JUiILFD DGMXQWD UHODFLRQD YDORUHV GH HQHUJtD GH LRQL]DFLyQ (, FRQ ORV
Q~PHURVDWyPLFRVGHORVHOHPHQWRV&RQODLQIRUPDFLyQTXHREWHQJDDSDUWLUGH
HOOD

D -XVWLILTXHODYDULDFLyQSHULyGLFDTXHVHSURGXFHHQORVYDORUHV(,
E (QXPHUHORVIDFWRUHVTXHLQIOX\HQHQHVWDYDULDFLyQ\UD]RQHODLQIOXHQFLD
GHOIDFWRUGHWHUPLQDQWH












Solución

D 6LVHWLHQHHQFXHQWDHOSULPHUJUXSRGHODL]TXLHUGDGHODWDEODSHULyGLFDDO
EDMDUHLQLFLDUFDGDSHUtRGRHPSLH]DDOOHQDUVHXQDQXHYDFDSDSRUORTXHORV
HOHFWURQHV GLIHUHQFLDGRUHV GH HVH HOHPHQWR HVWiQ FDGD YH] PiV VHSDUDGRV GHO
Q~FOHR\SRUWDQWRVXYDORUVHUiFDGDYH]PHQRUGDQGROXJDUDORVPtQLPRVGHOD
JUiILFD$OLUGHVSOD]iQGRVHKDFLDODGHUHFKDHQFDGDSHUtRGRYDGLVPLQX\HQGR
HOUDGLR\DXPHQWDQGRODFDUJDQXFOHDUHIHFWLYDSRUORTXHYDQDXPHQWDQGRORV
YDORUHVGH(,

/DVSHTXHxDVDOWHUDFLRQHVHQHORUGHQGHQWURGHXQPLVPRSHUtRGRVHGHEHQD
TXH HO ~OWLPR HOHFWUyQ FRUUHVSRQGH D XQD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD GH Pi[LPD
HVWDELOLGDGFRQXQVXEQLYHOYDFtROOHQRRVHPLOOHQR(MQVQVQS

E /RVIDFWRUHVGHWHUPLQDQWHVVRQHOWDPDxRODFDUJDQXFOHDU\ODFRQILJXUDFLyQ
HOHFWUyQLFD


 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

(Q OD WDEOD VLJXLHQWH VH GDQ ODV HQHUJtDV GH LRQL]DFLyQ N-PRO  GH ORV SULPHURV
HOHPHQWRVDOFDOLQRV

 ž(, ž(, ž(, ž(,
/L    
1D    
.    

([SOLTXH
D ¢3RUTXpGLVPLQX\HOD(,GHO/LDO."
E ¢3RUTXpQRKD\YDORUSDUDOD(,GHO/L"
F ¢3RUTXpDXPHQWDGHOD(,DOD(,"

Solución

D 3RUTXHFRQODPLVPDFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDQVYDDXPHQWDQGRHOUDGLR
GHOHOHPHQWR

E 3RUTXHHO/LWLHQHVyORWUHVHOHFWURQHV

F  3RU TXH D XQ LRQ FDGD YH] PiV SRVLWLYR FXHVWD PiV WUDEDMR DUUDQFDUOH XQ
HOHFWUyQ


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRVORVHOHPHQWRV$\%FX\RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVVRQUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH= 
\= 
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHDPERV
E &XiOWHQGUiPD\RUUDGLR"5D]RQHODUHVSXHVWD
F ¢&XiOWHQGUiPD\RUDILQLGDGHOHFWUyQLFD"5D]RQHODUHVSXHVWD

Solución

D $ VVSVSV
% VVSVSGVS

E U$!U%SXHVVRQGHOPLVPRSHUtRGR\ORVHOHFWURQHVYDQHQWUDQGRHQODPLVPD
FDSDSHURFDGDYH]VRQDWUDtGRVSRUXQDPD\RUFDUJDQXFOHDU

F  % ! $ SXHV D % VyOR OH IDOWD XQ HOHFWUyQ SDUD REWHQHU FRQILJXUDFLyQ GH JDV
QREOH\pVWHHVWDUiDWUDtGRSRUXQDPD\RUFDUJDQXFOHDU
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

,QGLTXH SDUD ORV HOHPHQWRV $ % \ & FX\RV Q~PHURV DWyPLFRV VRQ
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH\
D &RQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFD
E -XVWLILTXHFXiOWHQGUiPD\RUHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ
F  (O JUXSR \ HO SHUtRGR GHO VLVWHPD SHULyGLFR HQ TXH VH HQFXHQWUD FDGD
HOHPHQWR

Solución

D $ VVSVS
% VVSVS
& VVSVSV

E (OGHPD\RU(,HVHOHOHPHQWR%SXHVHOHOHFWUyQTXHKD\TXHDUUDQFDUHVWi
HQ OD FDSD GH PHQRU UDGLR TXH OD GH & \ FRQ UHODFLyQ D $ DO HVWDU PiV D OD
GHUHFKDGHOSHUtRGRHVWiPiVDWUDtGRSRUXQDPD\RUFDUJDQXFOHDU

F $HVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\HQHOJUXSR
%HVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\HQHOJUXSR
&HVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\HQHOJUXSR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDV ODV VLJXLHQWHV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV HOHFWUyQLFDV FRUUHVSRQGLHQWHV D iWRPRV
QHXWURV
$VVS%VVSVS &VVSVSGV 
     
'V V S V S V 
,QGLTXHUD]RQDGDPHQWH
D *UXSR\SHUtRGRDTXHSHUWHQHFHFDGDHOHPHQWR
E 4XpHOHPHQWRSRVHHPD\RUHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ\FXiOPHQRU
F 4XpHOHPHQWRWLHQHPD\RUUDGLRDWyPLFR

Solución

D $SRUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQHVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\GDGRTXHVHKDQOOHQDGR
HOHFWURQHVHQHORUELWDOSHQHOJUXSR
% SRU HO PD\RU YDORU GH Q HVWi HQ HO SHUtRGR  \ GDGR TXH VH KDQ OOHQDGR 
HOHFWURQHVHQHORUELWDOSHQHOJUXSR
& SRU HO PD\RU YDORU GH Q HVWi HQ HO SHUtRGR  \ GDGR TXH VH KDQ OOHQDGR 
HOHFWURQHVHQHORUELWDOG\HQHOVHQHOJUXSR
 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

' SRU HO PD\RU YDORU GH Q HVWi HQ HO SHUtRGR  \ GDGR TXH VH KDQ OOHQDGR 
HOHFWUyQHQHORUELWDOVHQHOJUXSR

E (OGHPD\RU(,HVHO$\DTXHHVHOPiVSHTXHxR\WLHQHPD\RUQ~PHURGH
HOHFWURQHVHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD
(OGHPHQRU(,HVHO'\DTXHHVHOPiVYROXPLQRVR\VyORWLHQHXQHOHFWUyQHQ
ODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD

F  (O GH PD\RU UDGLR HV HO ' \D TXH HV HO SULPHUR GHO SHUtRGR FXDUWR FRQ HO
PD\RUQ~PHURGHFDSDV\PHQRUQ~PHURGHHOHFWURQHVHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

(VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHORVLRQHV&O =  \. =  
D 5D]RQHFXiOGHORVGRVLRQHVWHQGUiPD\RUUDGLR
E 5D]RQHFXiOGHORVGRVHOHPHQWRVQHXWURVWHQGUiPD\RUHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ

Solución
&O VVSVS. VVSVS

D U &O !U . \DTXHORVGRVWLHQHQODPLVPDFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDSHUR
HQHO.KD\XQSURWyQPiVHQHOQ~FOHRSRUORTXHORVHOHFWURQHVHVWDUiQPiV
DWUDtGRV\HOWDPDxRVHUiPHQRU

E 'HORVGRVHOHPHQWRVQHXWURVHOGHPD\RU(,VHUiHO&O\DTXHHOHOHFWUyQD
DUUDQFDUHVWiHQODFDSD\HVHOSHQ~OWLPRHOHPHQWRGHOSHUtRGRPLHQWUDVTXH
HO.HVHOSULPHURGHOSHUtRGRVLJXLHQWH\SRUWDQWRPiVYROXPLQRVR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

7UHVHOHPHQWRVWLHQHQGHQ~PHURDWyPLFR\UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHORVPLVPRV
E ,QGLTXHUD]RQDGDPHQWHHOJUXSR\SHULRGRDTXHSHUWHQHFHFDGDXQRGHORV
HOHPHQWRVDQWHULRUHV
F ,QGLTXHUD]RQDQGRODUHVSXHVWDHOFDUiFWHUPHWiOLFRRQRPHWiOLFRGHFDGD
XQRGHORVHOHPHQWRVDQWHULRUHV

Solución

D = VVSVSGV
= VVSVSGVS
= VVSVSGVSV
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

E = 3RUHOYDORUGHQGHODFDSDPiVH[WHUQDHVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\GDGR
TXHKD\HOHFWURQHVHQHORUELWDOGHQHOJUXSR
= 3RUHOYDORUGHQGHODFDSDPiVH[WHUQDHVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\GDGR
TXHKD\HOHFWURQHVHQHORUELWDOSHQHOJUXSR
= 3RUHOYDORUGHQGHODFDSDPiVH[WHUQDHVWiHQHOSHUtRGR\GDGR
TXHKD\HOHFWURQHVHQHORUELWDOVHQHOJUXSR

F = 'DGRTXHHO~OWLPRRUELWDOHQHOTXHKDQHQWUDGRHOHFWURQHVHVHOG\
pVWHHVWiVHPLOOHQRFRUUHVSRQGHDXQPHWDOGHWUDQVLFLyQ
= 'DGRTXHODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDHVVS
VyOROHIDOWDXQHOHFWUyQSDUDDOFDQ]DUODFRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOH\SRUWDQWR
HVXQQRPHWDO
= &RPRODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDHVVVXWHQGHQFLDHVDSHUGHUGRVHOHFWURQHV\
SRUWDQWRXQPHWDODOFDOLQRWpUUHR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/DVGRVWDEODVVLJXLHQWHVFRUUHVSRQGHQDUDGLRVDWyPLFRV
(OHPHQWR /L %H % & 1 2 )
5 ∆               

(OHPHQWR /L 1D . 5E &V
5 ∆           
D -XVWLILTXHODYDULDFLyQGHOUDGLRHQHOSHUtRGR
E -XVWLILTXHODYDULDFLyQGHOUDGLRHQHOJUXSR

Solución

D  &RUUHVSRQGHQ D ORV HOHPHQWRV GHO VHJXQGR SHUtRGR DO DYDQ]DU KDFLD OD
GHUHFKD DXPHQWD HQ XQD XQLGDG OD FDUJD QXFOHDU \ VH DxDGH XQ HOHFWUyQ D OD
FRUWH]D TXH HQWUDQ HQ OD PLVPD FDSD SHUR HVWRV HOHFWURQHV QR DSDQWDOODQ FRQ
HIHFWLYLGDG GH XQD XQLGDG D ORV HOHFWURQHV GH OD PLVPD FDSD SRU OR TXH pVWRV
HVWDUiQFDGDYH]PiVDWUDtGRVSRUODFDUJDSRVLWLYDGHOQ~FOHR

E $OEDMDUHQHOJUXSRGHORVDOFDOLQRVHOQXHYRHOHFWUyQHQWUDHQHORUELWDOQV
LQLFLiQGRVH XQD QXHYD FDSD \ SRU WDQWR DXPHQWDQGR HO UDGLR FRQ UHODFLyQ DO
DQWHULRU


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVGHORVHOHPHQWRV3\0QVRQ\UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHFDGDXQRGHHOORV
 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

E ,QGLTXHORVQ~PHURVFXiQWLFRVTXHFRUUHVSRQGDQDORVHOHFWURQHVVLWXDGRVHQ
FDGDFDVRHQORVRUELWDOHVPiVH[WHUQRV

Solución

D 3VVSVS
0QVVSVSGV

E 3 ò 
0Q ò 


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RV HOHPHQWRV 1D $O \ &O WLHQHQ GH Q~PHURV DWyPLFRV   \ 
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHFDGDHOHPHQWR
E (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHORVLRQHV1D$O\&O
F 2UGHQHGHIRUPDUD]RQDGDORVUDGLRVGHORVLRQHVDQWHULRUHV

Solución

D 1DVVSV$OVVSVS
&OVVSVS

E 1DVVS$OVVS&OVVSVS

F $O1D&O
(O FDWLyQ $O HV HO PiV SHTXHxR SXHV DXQTXH WLHQH OD PLVPD FRQILJXUDFLyQ
HOHFWUyQLFD TXH 1D HQ DTXHO ORV HOHFWURQHV HVWiQ DWUDtGRV SRU  SURWRQHV
PLHQWUDV TXH HQ HO 1D VyOR HVWiQ DWUDtGRV SRU (O &O HV HO GH PD\RUUDGLR
SXHVKDJDQDGRXQHOHFWUyQ\WLHQHXQDFDSDPiVTXHORVRWURVGRV


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVGHORVHOHPHQWRV%U\5EVRQ\UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHDPERVHOHPHQWRV
E ,QGLTXHHOLRQPiVHVWDEOHGHFDGDHOHPHQWR\VXFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFD
F 5D]RQHFXiOGHORVGRVLRQHVWHQGUiPD\RUUDGLR

Solución

D %UVVSVSGVS
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

5EVVSVSGVSV

E %UVVSVSGVS
5EVVSVSGVS

F  (O PD\RU UDGLR HV HO GHO %U  SXHV DXQTXH ORV GRV LRQHV WLHQHQ OD PLVPD
FRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDHQpVWHORVHOHFWURQHVHVWiQDWUDtGRVSRUSURWRQHV
\HQHO5ESRU


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RV HOHPHQWRV $ \ % WLHQHQ HQ VXV ~OWLPRV QLYHOHV ODV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV
$ VSV\% VSGVS-XVWLILTXH
D 6L$HVPHWDORQRPHWDO
E 4XpHOHPHQWRWHQGUiPD\RUDILQLGDGHOHFWUyQLFD
F 4XpHOHPHQWRWHQGUiPD\RUUDGLR

Solución

D $HVXQPHWDOSXHVDOWHQHUXQVRORHOHFWUyQHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDVX
WHQGHQFLDHVDSHUGHUOR\IRUPDULRQHVSRVLWLYRV

E %SXHVHOHOHFWUyQTXHHQWUDORKDFHHQXQRUELWDOFDVLOOHQR\HQXQDFDSD
PiVFHUFDGHOQ~FOHRTXHHQ$SRUORTXHDOHVWDUPiVFHUFDVHGHVSUHQGHUiPiV
HQHUJtD

F $SXHVWLHQHXQDFDSDHOHFWUyQLFDPiVTXH%


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RViWRPRVQHXWURV;<=WLHQHQODVVLJXLHQWHVFRQILJXUDFLRQHV
; VVS< VVS= VVSV
D ,QGLTXHHOJUXSR\HOSHUtRGRHQHOTXHVHHQFXHQWUDQ
E 2UGpQHORVUD]RQDGDPHQWHGHPHQRUDPD\RUHOHFWURQHJDWLYLGDG
F ¢&XiOHVHOGHPD\RUHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ"

Solución

D ;JUXSR\SHUtRGR
<JUXSR\SHUtRGR
=JUXSR\SHUtRGR

 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

E =;<
=HVXQ PHWDOGHOJUXSR\GHOWHUFHUSHUtRGRPLHQWUDVTXHORVRWURVGRVVRQ
GHOVHJXQGRSHUtRGRVLHQGRPiVHOHFWURQHJDWLYRHOTXHWLHQHPD\RUQ~PHURGH
HOHFWURQHVHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD\PD\RUQ~PHURGHSURWRQHVHQHOQ~FOHRTXH
DWUDHQPiVDVXVHOHFWURQHV\DORVTXHFRPSDUWDHVHHOHPHQWR

F <


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'HILQD
D (QHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ
E $ILQLGDGHOHFWUyQLFD
F (OHFWURQHJDWLYLGDG

Solución

D /DHQHUJtDQHFHVDULDSDUDTXLWDUOHXQPROGHHOHFWURQHVDXQPROGHiWRPRV
GHXQHOHPHQWRHQHVWDGRJDVHRVR\IXQGDPHQWDO

E /DHQHUJtDGHVSUHQGLGDFXDQGRXQPROGHiWRPRVGHXQHOHPHQWRHQHVWDGR
IXQGDPHQWDO\JDVHRVRFDSWDXQPROGHHOHFWURQHV

F /DWHQGHQFLDTXHWLHQHXQHOHPHQWRDDWUDHUVREUHVtDXQSDUGHHOHFWURQHV
TXHFRPSDUWHFRQRWURHOHPHQWR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

(VFULED ODV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV HOHFWUyQLFDV GHO iWRPR H LRQHV VLJXLHQWHV $O =  
1D =  2 =  
D ¢&XiOHVVRQLVRHOHFWUyQLFRV"
E ¢&XiORFXiOHVWLHQHQHOHFWURQHVGHVDSDUHDGRV"

Solución

$OVVSVS1DVVS2VVS

D 1D\2

E $O


 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RVHOHPHQWRV;<\=WLHQHQQ~PHURVDWyPLFRV\UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHFDGDXQRGHHOORV
E ¢6HUtDQHVWDEOHVORVLRQHV;<\="-XVWLILTXHODVUHVSXHVWDV

Solución

D ;VVSVS<VVSVSV
=VVSVSGVS
E   ; QR SXHV TXHGDUtD V \ SRU WDQWR OD WHQGHQFLD VHUtD D DOFDQ]DU XQD
FRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOH\SRUWDQWR;
<VLSXHVWHQGUtDHQVX~OWLPDFDSDXQDFRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOH
= QR SXHV OD WHQGHQFLD GH = VHUi D FDSWDU XQ HOHFWUyQ \ DOFDQ]DU DVt OD
FRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOH


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRV ORV VLJXLHQWHV JUXSRV GH Q~PHURV FXiQWLFRV Q O P         
       ,QGLTXH
D &XiOHVQRVRQSHUPLWLGRV\SRUTXp
E  /RV RUELWDOHV DWyPLFRV TXH VH FRUUHVSRQGHQ FRQ ORV JUXSRV FX\RV Q~PHURV
FXiQWLFRVVHDQSRVLEOHV

Solución

D   \DTXHHOYDORUGHOVyORSXHGHOOHJDUKDVWD Q 
 \DTXHHOYDORUGHOVyORSXHGHOOHJDUKDVWD Q 
 <DTXHHOYDORUGHOQRSXHGHVHUQHJDWLYR

E   G  V  G


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDVODVVLJXLHQWHVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDVSHUWHQHFLHQWHVDHOHPHQWRV
QHXWURV
$ VVS % VVS & VVSVSV ' VVS 
,QGLTXHUD]RQDGDPHQWH
D (OJUXSR\SHULRGRDOTXHSHUWHQHFHFDGDHOHPHQWR
E (OHOHPHQWRGHPD\RU\HOGHPHQRUHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ
F (OHOHPHQWRGHPD\RU\HOGHPHQRUUDGLRDWyPLFR

 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

Solución

D $JUXSRSRUWHQHUGRVHOHFWURQHVHQHOVXEQLYHOSHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD\
SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ
% JUXSR  SRU WHQHU FLQFR HOHFWURQHV HQ HO VXEQLYHO S HQ OD FDSD GH
YDOHQFLD\SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ
&JUXSR SRUWHQHUXQ HOHFWUyQHQHOVXEQLYHOV HQODFDSD GHYDOHQFLD \
SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ
' JUXSR  SRU WHQHU FXDWUR HOHFWURQHV HQ HO VXEQLYHO S GH OD FDSD GH
YDOHQFLD\SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ

E (OGHPD\RU(,HVHO%\DTXHGHQWURGHORVTXHHVWiQHQHOVHJXQGRSHUtRGR
FRQ ORV HOHFWURQHV PiV FHUFD GHO Q~FOHR HV HO TXH WLHQH PD\RU Q~PHUR GH
HOHFWURQHVHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDVHUiHQHOTXHHVWiQPiVDWUDtGRVSRUWHQHUOD
PD\RUFDUJDSRVLWLYDHQHOQ~FOHR
(O GH PHQRU ( , HV HO & \D TXH HO HOHFWUyQ D DUUDQFDU HVWi HQ OD FDSD PiV
DOHMDGD GHO Q~FOHR GH WRGRV \ HO LRQ REWHQLGR SUHVHQWD FRQILJXUDFLyQ GH JDV
QREOH

F  (O GH PD\RU UDGLR HV HO & \D TXH HV HO TXH WLHQH PD\RU Q~PHUR GH FDSDV
HOHFWUyQLFDV\HVHOSULPHURGHOSHUtRGR
(O GH PHQRU UDGLR HV HO % \D TXH GHQWUR GH ORV GHO VHJXQGR SHUtRGR ORV PiV
SHTXHxRV HV HO TXH WLHQH PD\RU Q~PHUR GH HOHFWURQHV \ SRU WDQWR PD\RU
Q~PHURGHSURWRQHVTXHORVDWUDLJDQ


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D 'HILQDDILQLGDGHOHFWUyQLFD
E ¢4XpFULWHULRVHVLJXHSDUDRUGHQDUORVHOHPHQWRVHQODWDEODSHULyGLFD"
F ¢-XVWLILTXHFyPRYDUtDODHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQDORODUJRGHXQSHULRGR"

Solución

D /DHQHUJtDGHVSUHQGLGDFXDQGRXQ PROGHiWRPRVGHXQHOHPHQWRHQHVWDGR
IXQGDPHQWDO\JDVHRVRFDSWDQXQPROGHHOHFWURQHV

E 6HRUGHQDQSRURUGHQFUHFLHQWHGHVXQ~PHURDWyPLFR\VHFRORFDQXQRGHEDMR
GHRWURFXDQGRWLHQHQODPLVPDFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD
F  &XDQGR QRV GHVSOD]DPRV KDFLD OD GHUHFKD HQ FDGD SHUtRGR YD
GLVPLQX\HQGR HO UDGLR GH ORV HOHPHQWRV \ DXPHQWDQGR VX FDUJD QXFOHDU
HIHFWLYDSRUORTXHYDQDXPHQWDQGRORVYDORUHVGH(,


 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D  (VFULED ODV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV HOHFWUyQLFDV GH ORV LRQHV VLJXLHQWHV 1D =   \
) =  
E -XVWLILTXHTXHHOLRQ1DWLHQHPHQRUUDGLRTXHHOLRQ)
F -XVWLILTXHTXHODHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQGHOVRGLRHVPHQRUTXHODGHOIO~RU

Solución

D 1DVVS)VVS

E  /RV GRV LRQHV WLHQHQ OD PLVPD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD SHUR HQ HO 1D ORV
HOHFWURQHVHVWiQDWUDtGRVSRUORVSURWRQHVGHOQ~FOHRPLHQWUDVTXHHQHO) 
VyORKD\

F  3RU TXH HQ HO VRGLR QHXWUR VX FDSD GH YDOHQFLD HV V TXH HVWi HQ XQD FDSD
PiVTXHHQHOIO~RU\SRUWDQWRPiVOHMRVGHOQ~FOHR\PHQRVDWUDtGRTXHHQHO
IO~RU


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRVORVHOHPHQWRV$ =  % =  \& =  
D (VFULEDVXVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDV
E 2UGpQHORVGHPHQRUDPD\RUHOHFWURQHJDWLYLGDG
F 5D]RQHFXiOWLHQHPD\RUYROXPHQ

Solución

D $VVSVS%VVS&VVSVSV

E &$%

F  & SXHV HQ pO VH LQLFLD OD FXDUWD FDSD GH HOHFWURQHV PLHQWUDV TXH ORV RWURV
VyORWLHQHQWUHV\GRVFDSDVUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D  ¢3RU TXp HO YROXPHQ DWyPLFR DXPHQWD DO EDMDU HQ XQ JUXSR GH OD WDEOD
SHULyGLFD"
E ¢3RUTXpORVHVSHFWURVDWyPLFRVVRQGLVFRQWLQXRV"
F 'HILQDHOFRQFHSWRGHHOHFWURQHJDWLYLGDG

 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

Solución

D 3RUTXHHQFDGDJUXSRVHPDQWLHQHODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHODFDSDGH
YDOHQFLD SHUR DO EDMDU GLFKD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HVWi HQ RUELWDOHV GH XQ YDORU GH Q
PD\RUHVGHFLUFDGDHOHPHQWRWLHQHXQDFDSDHOHFWUyQLFDPiV

E  3RUTXH ORV HOHFWURQHV VyOR SXHGHQ H[LVWLU HQ ORV iWRPRV HQ QLYHOHV GH XQD
HQHUJtD FRQFUHWD \ ORV HVSHFWURV VH SURGXFHQ FXDQGR ORV HOHFWURQHV VDOWDQ GH
XQRV QLYHOHV D RWURV SRU WDQWR OD HQHUJtD GHVSUHQGLGD HVSHFWURV GH HPLVLyQ 
VyORSRGUiWRPDUORVYDORUHVGHODGLIHUHQFLDGHHQHUJtDGHORVQLYHOHVHQWUHORV
TXHVHSURGXFHQORVVDOWRV

F (VODWHQGHQFLDTXHWLHQHXQiWRPRDDWUDHUVREUHVtDOSDUGHHOHFWURQHVTXH
FRPSDUWHFRQRWURiWRPRFRQHOTXHIRUPDXQHQODFHFRYDOHQWH


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

5D]RQH VL ODV VLJXLHQWHV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV HOHFWUyQLFDV VRQ SRVLEOHV HQ XQ HVWDGR
IXQGDPHQWDORHQXQHVWDGRH[FLWDGR
D VVSV
E VVSVS
F VVSGV

Solución

D  6HUi XQ HVWDGR H[FLWDGR GH V V S SXHV HQ ORV RUELWDOHV S VH SXHGHQ
DOEHUJDUKDVWDVHLVHOHFWURQHV

E  (VWD VHUi OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD HQ HVWDGR IXQGDPHQWDO GHO HOHPHQWR
FRQ =   SXHV WRGRV ORV HOHFWURQHV HVWiQ RUGHQDGRV HQ RUELWDOHV GH HQHUJtD
FUHFLHQWH

F 1RHVSRVLEOHHVWDFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDSXHVQRH[LVWHHORUELWDOG


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRVORVHOHPHQWRVFX\RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVVRQ\
D (VFULEDVXVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDV
E 5D]RQHDTXpJUXSR\SHULRGRGHODWDEODSHULyGLFDSHUWHQHFHQ
F ¢&XiOVHUiHOLRQPiVHVWDEOHGHFDGDXQR"-XVWLILTXHODUHVSXHVWD


 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

Solución

D =  VVS  =  VVSVS
     
=  V V S V S V 

E  =   JUXSR  SRU WHQHU WUHV HOHFWURQHV HQ HO VXEQLYHO S HQ OD FDSD GH
YDOHQFLD\SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ
=   JUXSR  SRU WHQHU FLQFR  HOHFWURQHV HQ HO VXEQLYHO S HQ OD FDSD GH
YDOHQFLD\SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ
=  JUXSRSRUWHQHUGRVHOHFWURQHVHQHOVXEQLYHOVHQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD\
SHUtRGRSRUVHUHOPD\RUYDORUGHQ

F =  WHQGHUtDDGDU;SXHVHQHVWHLRQDOFDQ]DUtDODFRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDV
QREOHVS
=   WHQGHUtD D GDU ; SXHV HQ HVWH LRQ DOFDQ]DUtD OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ GH JDV
QREOHVS
=   WHQGHUtD D GDU ; SXHV DO SHUGHU GRV HOHFWURQHV DOFDQ]DUtD OD
FRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOHVS


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRHOHOHPHQWRGH= 
D (VFULEDVXFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFD
E ,QGLTXHDTXpJUXSR\SHULRGRSHUWHQHFH
F ¢&XiOHVVRQORVYDORUHVSRVLEOHVTXHSXHGHQWRPDUORVQ~PHURVFXiQWLFRVGHVX
HOHFWUyQPiVH[WHUQR"

Solución

D VVSVSV

E 3HUWHQHFHDOJUXSR\DOSHUtRGR

F  ò 


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

&XDWUR HOHPHQWRV TXH OODPDUHPRV $ % & \ ' WLHQHQ UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH ORV
Q~PHURVDWyPLFRV\,QGLTXH
D (OJUXSR\HOSHULRGRDOTXHSHUWHQHFHQ
E &XiOHVVRQPHWDOHV
F (OHOHPHQWRTXHWLHQHPD\RUDILQLGDGHOHFWUyQLFD
 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

Solución

$V %VVSV &VVSVS
      
'V V S V S G V 

D  $ JUXSR  SHUtRGR  % JUXSR  SHUtRGR  & JUXSR  SHUtRGR 
'JUXSRSHUtRGR

E %\'


F &


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D ,QGLTXHFXiOHVGHORVVLJXLHQWHVJUXSRVGHQ~PHURVFXiQWLFRVVRQSRVLEOHVSDUD
XQHOHFWUyQHQXQiWRPR        
 
E  'H ODV FRPELQDFLRQHV GH Q~PHURV FXiQWLFRV DQWHULRUHV TXH VHDQ FRUUHFWDV
LQGLTXHHORUELWDOGRQGHVHHQFXHQWUDHOHOHFWUyQ
F (QXPHUHORVRUELWDOHVGHODSDUWDGRDQWHULRUHQRUGHQFUHFLHQWHGHHQHUJtD

Solución

D       

E GGV

F VGG


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDVODVVLJXLHQWHVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDVGHODFDSDGHYDOHQFLD
 QV QVQS QVQS
D ,QGLTXHHOJUXSRDOTXHFRUUHVSRQGHFDGDXQDGHHOODV
E 1RPEUHGRVHOHPHQWRVGHFDGDXQRGHORVJUXSRVDQWHULRUHV
F 5D]RQHFXiOHVVHUiQORVHVWDGRVGHR[LGDFLyQPiVHVWDEOHVGHORVHOHPHQWRVGH
HVRVJUXSRV

Solución

D 

 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

E /L1D .5E&V)U 26 6H7H3R 

+H1H $U.U;H5Q 

F SXHVWLHQHWHQGHQFLDDSHUGHUHVHHOHFWUyQGDQGRHOLRQ0
SXHVWLHQGHDFDSWDUGRVHOHFWURQHVSDUDDOFDQ]DUODFRQILJXUDFLyQGH
JDVQREOHGDQGRHOLRQ0
WLHQHFRQILJXUDFLyQGHJDVQREOHSRUORTXHQRWLHQGHDGDULRQHV


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D 'HILQDHOFRQFHSWRGHHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQGHXQHOHPHQWR
E -XVWLILTXHSRUTXpODSULPHUDHQHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQGLVPLQX\HDOGHVFHQGHUHQ
XQJUXSRGHODWDEODSHULyGLFD
F  'DGRV ORV HOHPHQWRV ) 1H \ 1D RUGpQHORV GH PD\RU D PHQRU HQHUJtD GH
LRQL]DFLyQ

Solución

D  (V OD HQHUJtD QHFHVDULD SDUD DUUDQFDU XQ PRO GH HOHFWURQHV D XQ PRO GH
iWRPRVGHHVHHOHPHQWRHQHVWDGRIXQGDPHQWDO\JDVHRVR

E $OEDMDUHQXQJUXSRORVHOHPHQWRVWLHQHQODPLVPDFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFD
HQODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDSHURHQXQDFDSDFDGDYH]PiVDOWDSRUORTXHDOHVWDUHO
HOHFWUyQDDUUDQFDUFDGDYH]PiVOHMRVGHOQ~FOHRVHQHFHVLWDUiPHQRVHQHUJtD
SDUDHOOR

F 1H!)!1D


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D  (VFULED ODV FRQILJXUDFLRQHV HOHFWUyQLFDV GHO FORUR =    \ GHO SRWDVLR
 =  
E ¢&XiOHVVHUiQORVLRQHVPiVHVWDEOHVDTXHGDUiQOXJDUORViWRPRVDQWHULRUHV"
F ¢&XiOGHHVRVLRQHVWHQGUiPHQRUUDGLR"

Solución

D &OVVSVS.VVSVSV

E &O\.

F .
 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVGHORVHOHPHQWRV$%\&VRQUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH\

D (VFULEDODVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDVGHHVWRVHOHPHQWRV
E ,QGLTXHTXpHOHPHQWRVGHORVFLWDGRVWLHQHQHOHFWURQHVGHVDSDUHDGRV
F  ,QGLTXH ORV Q~PHURV FXiQWLFRV TXH FDUDFWHUL]DQ D HVRV HOHFWURQHV
GHVDSDUHDGRV

Solución

D $VVSVSV
%VVSVSGVS
&VVSVSGVS

E $\%

F $ ò % ò 


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGRVORVVLJXLHQWHVJUXSRVGHQ~PHURVFXiQWLFRV
$ ò % ò &  
' ò 
D 5D]RQHTXpJUXSRVQRVRQYiOLGRVSDUDFDUDFWHUL]DUXQHOHFWUyQ
E ,QGLTXHDTXpRUELWDOHVFRUUHVSRQGHQORVJUXSRVSHUPLWLGRV

Solución

D $ ò HOYDORUGHOFRPRPi[LPRSXHGHOOHJDUD Q 
 
E %G&G'S


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/DFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHXQiWRPRH[FLWDGRGHXQHOHPHQWRHVV V S
VSV
5D]RQH FXiOHV GH ODV DILUPDFLRQHV VLJXLHQWHV VRQ FRUUHFWDV \ FXiOHV IDOVDV SDUD
HVHHOHPHQWR
D 3HUWHQHFHDOJUXSRGHORVDOFDOLQRV
E 3HUWHQHFHDOSHULRGRGHOVLVWHPDSHULyGLFR
F 7LHQHFDUiFWHUPHWiOLFR
 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

Solución

D 6LSXHVFXDQGRHVWpHQHVWDGRIXQGDPHQWDOVXFRQILJXUDFLyQVHUiV V S
V SV\ODFRQILJXUDFLyQGHODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDQVHVODGHOJUXSRHOGH
ORVDOFDOLQRV

E  1R SRUTXH WLHQH YDORU GH Q   HQ HO HVWDGR H[FLWDGR HQ HO HVWDGR
IXQGDPHQWDOODFDSDGHYDOHQFLDHVVSRUORTXHSHUWHQHFHUiDOSHULRGR

F 6LSXHVHVXQHOHPHQWRDOFDOLQR\VXWHQGHQFLDHVDGDULRQ0


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDVODVHVSHFLHV&O =  . =  \$U =  
D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHFDGDXQDGHHOODV
E -XVWLILTXHFXiOWHQGUiXQUDGLRPD\RU

Solución

D &OVVSVS
.VVSVS
$UVVSVS

E  (O PD\RU UDGLR OR WHQGUi HO LRQ &O \D TXH FRPR WRGRV WLHQHQ OD PLVPD
FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD ORV HOHFWURQHV GHO FORUXUR VRQ ORV TXH HVWiQ DWUDtGRV
SRUHOPHQRUQ~PHURGHSURWRQHV


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

&RQVLGHUHODVHULHGHHOHPHQWRV/L1D.5E\&V
D 'HILQD(QHUJtDGHLRQL]DFLyQ
E  ,QGLTXH FyPR YDUtD OD (QHUJtD GH ,RQL]DFLyQ HQ OD VHULH GH ORV HOHPHQWRV
FLWDGRV
F ([SOLTXHFXiOHVHOIDFWRUGHWHUPLQDQWHGHHVWDYDULDFLyQ

Solución

D  (V OD HQHUJtD QHFHVDULD SDUD DUUDQFDU XQ PRO GH HOHFWURQHV D XQ PRO GH
iWRPRVHQHVWDGRJDVHRVR\IXQGDPHQWDO

E 'LVPLQX\HDOGHVSOD]DUQRVHQODVHULH

 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

F  (O WDPDxR SXHV HO HOHFWUyQ D DUUDQFDU FDGD YH] HVWi PiV OHMRV GHO Q~FOHR\
SRUWDQWRPHQRVDWUDtGR


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

/RVQ~PHURVDWyPLFRVGHORVHOHPHQWRV$%\&VRQUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH\

D (VFULEDODFRQILJXUDFLyQHOHFWUyQLFDGHFDGDHOHPHQWR
E ,QGLTXHTXpHOHPHQWRHVHOPiVHOHFWURQHJDWLYR\FXiOHOGHPD\RUUDGLR
F ,QGLTXHUD]RQDGDPHQWHFXiORFXiOHVGHORVHOHPHQWRVVRQPHWDOHV\FXiOR
FXiOHVQRPHWDOHV

Solución

D $VVSVSV%VVSVSGV
&VVSVSGVS

E (OPiVHOHFWURQHJDWLYRHVHO&\HOGHPD\RUUDGLRHO$

F $HVXQPHWDOGHOJUXSRHOGHORVDOFDOLQRWpUUHRV\WLHQGHQDGDU0(O%
HVXQPHWDOGHOJUXSR\VXSULQFLSDOWHQGHQFLDHVDSHUGHUORVGRVHOHFWURQHV
VGDQGR0DXQTXHSXHGHGDUPiVLRQHV(O&HVQRPHWDOGHOJUXSR\FRQ
WHQGHQFLDDGDULRQHV&


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDVODVVLJXLHQWHVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDVH[WHUQDV
 QVQVQSQVQS
D  ,GHQWLILTXH HO JUXSR GHO VLVWHPD SHULyGLFR DO TXH FRUUHVSRQGH FDGD XQD GH
HOODV
E  3DUD HO FDVR GH Q   HVFULED OD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD FRPSOHWD GHO
HOHPHQWRGHFDGDXQRGHHVRVJUXSRV\QyPEUHOR

Solución

D $OJUXSR\

E VVSVSV\FRUUHVSRQGHDO.
VVSVSGVS\FRUUHVSRQGHDO*D
VVSVSGVS\FRUUHVSRQGHDO.U


 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

a) Escriba la configuración electrónica de los elementos A, B y C, cuyos números
atómicos son 33, 35 y 37,UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH
E ,QGLTXHHOJUXSR\HOSHULRGRDOTXHSHUWHQHFHQ
F 5D]RQHTXpHOHPHQWRWHQGUiPD\RUFDUiFWHUPHWiOLFR

Solución
D  $ V V S V S G V S    % V V S V S G V S
&VVSVSGVSV

E $JUXSR\SHULRGR%JUXSR\SHULRGR
&JUXSR\SHULRGR

F  & SXHV WLHQH XQ VROR HOHFWUyQ HQ OD FDSD GH YDOHQFLD \ VX WHQGHQFLD HV D
FHGHUORGDQGR&


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

,QGLTXH
D  /RV VXEQLYHOHV GH HQHUJtD GDGRV SRU HO Q~PHUR FXiQWLFR VHFXQGDULR O TXH
FRUUHVSRQGHQDOQLYHOFXiQWLFRQ 
E $TXpWLSRGHRUELWDOHVFRUUHVSRQGHQORVVXEQLYHOHVDQWHULRUHV
F  6L H[LVWH DOJ~Q VXEQLYHO GH Q   FRQ HQHUJtD PHQRU TXH DOJ~Q VXEQLYHO GH
Q GLJDFXiO

Solución

D 3DUDQ OSXHGHYDOHU\

E VSG\I

F (OVWLHQHPHQRVHQHUJtDTXHHOG\HOSPHQRVTXHHOI


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

a) Indique el número de electrones desapareados que hay en los siguientes
átomos: $V =  &O =  $U =  
b) Indique los grupos de números cuánticos que corresponderán a esos electrones
desapareados.

 ,QLFLDFLyQDOD4XtPLFD 

Solución

D $VVVSVSGVSWLHQHHQORVWUHVRUELWDOHVS
&OVVSVSWLHQHHQXQRGHORVRUELWDOHVS
$UVVSVSQRWLHQHQLQJXQR

E $V ò  ò  ò 
&O    ò  HO YDORU GH PO SXHGH VHU   \ ² SXHV ORV WUHV RUELWDOHV
HVWiQ GHJHQHUDGRV 6H KDHOHJLGR  SRUTXH VH VXSRQH TXH FRPLHQ]D D OOHQDUVH
SRUHOYDORUVHJXLGRGHO\ILQDOPHQWH²


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

D  5D]RQH VL SDUD XQ HOHFWUyQ VRQ SRVLEOHV ODV VLJXLHQWHV VHULHV GH Q~PHURV
FXiQWLFRV ò  ò  ò  ò 
E  ,QGLTXH D TXp WLSR GH RUELWDO FRUUHVSRQGHQ ORV HVWDGRV DQWHULRUHV TXH VHDQ
SRVLEOHV
F ,QGLTXHHQFXiOGHHOORVODHQHUJtDHVPD\RU

Solución

D   QRSXHGHVHUSXHVHOYDORUGHQVLHPSUHHVGLVWLQWRGHFHUR
  QRSXHGHVHUSXHVHOYDORUGHOSDUDXQGHWHUPLQDGRYDORUGH
QSXHGHOOHJDUD Q FRPRPi[LPR

E S\G

F GTXHHVHOGHPD\RUYDORUGHQ\SRUWDQWRGHPD\RUHQHUJtD


&XHVWLyQ
&XHVWLyQ

'DGDVODVVLJXLHQWHVHVSHFLHV$U&D\&O
D (VFULEDVXVFRQILJXUDFLRQHVHOHFWUyQLFDV
E 2UGpQHODVUD]RQDQGRODUHVSXHVWDHQRUGHQFUHFLHQWHGHVXVUDGLRV
1~PHURVDWyPLFRV$U &D &O 

Solución

D $UVVSVS&DVVSVS
&OVVSVS

 (VWUXFWXUDGHODPDWHULD

E  &D  $U  &O  ORV WUHV WLHQHQ OD PLVPD FRQILJXUDFLyQ HOHFWUyQLFD SHUR
FXDQWRVPHQRVSURWRQHVORVDWUDLJDQGHVGHHOQ~FOHRPiVJUDQGHVHUiHOiWRPR
RLRQ