Consumer Chemistry 9 Module 2 Organic Compounds

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Consumer Chemistry 9 module 2 Organic Compounds
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9
Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 1- Module 2
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Region I
ALAMINOS CITY DIVISION
Alaminos City, Pangasinan
Project Write, Write, Write
Alternative Instructional
Module

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CONSUMER CHEMISTRY 9
Alternative Instructional Module
Quarter 1 – Module 1: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
First Edition, 2020
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Writer: Vivian R. Camba
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Consumer Chemistry
Quarter 1 – Module 2
Organic Compounds

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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Consumer Chemistry 9 Alternative Instructional Module, Quarter 1, Module 2:

Organic Compounds!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public
and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning activities at
their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century
skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also need to
keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore,
you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:
Welcome to the Consumer Chemistry 9 Alternative Instructional Module, Quarter 1, Module 2:

Organic Compounds!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to depict skill, action
and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this
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relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own
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What I Need to Know
competencies you are expected to learn in the module.
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What I Know
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What’s In
current lesson with the previous one.
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What’s New
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This comprises activities for independent practice to
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What I Have Learned
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Additional Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

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This also tends retention of learned concepts.

This contains answers to all activities in the module.
Answer Key
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
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Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

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What I Need to Know
Are you aware that your body is made up of organic compounds? Your skin, hair,
muscles, heart, lungs and other organs are all made from organic. Most of the products we are
using like medicines, clothing, school supplies, and wood and plastic furniture are all
manufactured from organic chemicals. The food you eat during breakfast, lunch and dinner
like rice, chicken adobo, fruit and vegetable salad, sugar, milk, chocolates are made from
organic compounds. If you look out a window, the beautiful flowers, green grasses, tall trees,
birds and insects you may see are also composed of organic compounds.
In this module, you will study a variety of organic compounds. It will help you
differentiate between organic compounds and inorganic compounds based on some
properties.
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY
Understand of key concepts in organic chemistry, and the uses and benefits of
organic compounds to one’s health, industry, and the environment.
After using this module, you are expected to attain the following objectives
 Compare the properties of organic and inorganic compounds
 Explain the property of carbon to form single and multiple bonds in terms of
hybridization
 Identify the hybrid orbitals of carbon and the number of sigma and pi bonds in a
molecule
Are you now ready to learn about organic compounds? Good! Have fun learning!
What I Know
Direction: Read the following questions carefully and write only the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Organic compounds are ______ based molecules.
A. Carbon C. Oxygen
B. Hydrogen D. Nitrogen

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2. Which of the following is an example organic compound?

A. Water C. Table salt
B. Sugar D. Carbon dioxide
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE about Carbon?
A. It is a metal
B. It has four valence electrons.
C. It is a relatively large atom.
D. It can only bond with other carbon atom.
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of organic compounds?

A. Good conductors of heat and electricity
B. Mostly are soluble in water
C. Formed by ionic bonding
D. Generally are flammable
5. How many covalent bonds can be formed by carbon with other elements?
A. Two C. Four
B. Three D. Five
6. The hybrid sp of carbon contains ____sigma and __ pi bonds.

A. 1,2 C. 2,2
B. 1, 3 D. 1,1
7. What are organic compounds?

A. Organic compounds are based on carbon, and they usually contain carbon-nitrogen
and carbon-silicon bonds.
B. Organic compounds are based on nitrogen, and they usually contain carbon-nitrogen
and carbon-hydrogen bonds.
C. Organic compounds are based on carbon, and they usually contain carbon- hydrogen
and carbon-carbon bonds.
D. Organic compounds are based on hydrogen, and they usually contain carbon
hydrogen and carbon-oxygen bonds.
8. Which of the following is NOT typically a property of organic compounds?

A. Low boiling point
B. Insoluble in water
C. Form covalent bonding
D. Ability to conduct electricity
9. In the hybridization of carbon, sp3, sp2 and sp are the hybrid orbitals of C. How many
sigma and pi bonds are formed by sp3 orbitals?
A. 1 sigma and 1 pi bonds
B. 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds
C. 4 sigma bonds
D. 4 pi bonds

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10. How many pi and sigma bonds does the compound have? H2C = HC – CH2 – CH3
A. 11 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
B. 10 sigma bonds and 2 pi bonds
C. 5 sigma bonds and 4 pi bonds
D. 8 sigma bonds and 1 pi bond
11. Which of the following shows the correct covalent bonding pattern of carbon with other
elements?
A. = C = C. – C –
B. ≡ C = D. – C =
12. What type of hybrid exists between carbon – carbon in the structure of this compound:
H2C=CH2?
A. sp3 - sp3 C. sp -sp
2 2
B. sp - sp D. sp - sp2
13. Organic compounds are formed by covalent bonding of carbon with carbon and other
elements. What is covalent bonding?
A. It is the sharing of electrons between atoms
B. It is the free flow of electrons within an atom
C. It sis the transferring and sharing of electrons among atoms
D. It is the transferring of electrons from one atom to another atom.
14. Which of the following compounds shows sp2 - sp2 - sp2 type of hybrid between its C-C?
A. H2C = C = CH2
B. HC ≡ C – CH3
C. H3C – CH2 – CH3
D. H3C – CH = CH2
15. Which of the following statements explain why carbon is able to form more compounds
than any other element?
I. It can form single, double or triple bonds to other carbon atoms
II. It can form other structures from the same formula
III. It cannot be decomposed easily.
IV. It can branched and form cyclic with other carbons
A. I, II, III B. II, III & IV C. I, II & IV D. I, III &IV
Try to remember the questions which you were not able to answer as you read the
module and perform the activities and exercises. Find the answers to these questions in the
lessons that follow. Have a great day of learning!

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THE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Have you heard about word “organic” food? When you to the supermarket, you can
see “Certified organic” and “all natural” that are stamped on the labels of some foods. What
made these products different from others?
The food industry uses “organic” to indicate foods that have been grown without the
use of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers, hormones, and other synthetic chemicals. The
original meaning of the word “organic” refers to anything that is or has been alive. In this
sense, all vegetables are organic, no matter how they are grown.
Organic chemistry is the study of compounds that are based on carbon. Natural gas,
rubbing alcohol, aspirin, and the compounds that give fragrance to a rose, are all organic
compounds.
In this module, you will learn how to identify and classify compounds as organic or
inorganic compounds. It also explains why there are more existing organic compounds than
inorganic compounds.
What’s In
Before knowing the differences between organic and inorganic compounds, let’s
recall first some compounds, the elements, their symbols and their group numbers in the
periodic table.
Activity 1. Let’s Talk About the Elements
Direction: Complete the table by filling – up columns 2 (elements and their symbols) and 3
(group number).
Name of Compound Elements and their symbols Group Number

Water (H2O)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Ammonia (NH3)
Methane (CH4)
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
In the above activity, you have identified the elements present in the given
compounds. Compounds are chemical combinations of elements and they can be classified
into organic and inorganic. Do you know their differences? Let’s find out in the next activity.

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What’s New
Organic Chemistry deals with the study of organic compounds. Organic compounds
differ from inorganic compounds in terms of their properties, source of origin and chemical
formulas.
Activity 2: Organic Compounds VS Inorganic Compounds
Objective: After performing this activity, you should be able to compare organic and
inorganic compounds.
Material: paper and pencil
Procedure:
A. Identify which of the following properties belong to organic or inorganic compounds.
Write OC if it is organic compound or IC if it is Inorganic compound
1. Solution in water generally do not conduct electricity
2. Mostly ionic bonding
3. Are gases, liquids or solids with low melting points
4. Mostly insoluble in water (hydrophobic)
5. Slow to react with other chemicals
B. Classify the following materials as organic or inorganic compounds.
1. 4.
2. 5.
3.
6.

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C. Based on the chemical formulas, identify whether organic or inorganic compounds.

1. CaCO3
2. C2H4
3. K NO3
4. C3H7COOH
5. Al(HCO3)3
What is It
Early scientists defined organic compounds as compounds that originate from living
things. In 1828, however, the German chemist Friedrich Wohler (1800–1882) made an
organic compound called urea, CO(NH2)2, out of an inorganic compound called ammonium
cyanate, NH4CN. Urea is found in the urine of mammals. This was the first time in history
that a compound normally made only by living things was made from a non-living substance.
How do you tell the difference between an organic and an inorganic Compound?
In addition to the presence of carbon and the source of origin, organic and inorganic
compounds exhibit unique properties that differ from one another. Table 1 summarizes the
chemical and physical properties of substances.
Table 1: Comparison of the properties of organic and inorganic compounds

Organic Compounds Inorganic Compounds
1. Many are soluble in organic solvents such 1. Most are not soluble in organic
as petroleum, benzene and hexane solvents
2. Mostly insoluble in water (hydrophobic) 2. Many are water soluble
3. Solution in water generally do not conduct 3. When dissolved in water conducts
electricity electrical current
4. Almost all burn (flammable) 4. Most not combustible
5. Use mostly covalent bonding 5. Mostly ionic bonding
6. Slow to react with other chemicals 6. Often undergo fast chemical reactions
7. Are gases, liquids or solids with low 7. Are generally solids with high
melting points melting points
Organic compounds are made up of the element CARBON. However, there are
compounds that inorganic even though they have carbon. These include the compounds
which contain the following: cyanides (-HCN), carbonates (-CO 3), bicarbonates (-HCO3) and
oxides of carbon (carbon dioxide CO2, and carbon monoxide CO)

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Organic compounds are typically chains or rings of carbon atoms that contain other
elements such as O, N, P, S, Cl, Br and I. There are over five million of these compounds
known today and an almost infinite number of new compounds could possibly be
synthesized. This can be compared to the total number of inorganic compounds, which is
approximately half a million.
Organic compounds are derived from three sources:

1. Nature: A wide variety of compounds and materials produced from plants and animals.
Examples: fibers, vegetable oils, animal oils and fats, alkaloids, cellulose, starch, sugars,
2. Synthesis: Substances no longer obtained directly from nature. They are manufactured in
laboratories from organic starting materials.
Examples: fibers, vegetable oils, animal oils and fats, alkaloids, cellulose, starch, sugars,
3. Fermentation: They are derived by the action of microorganisms upon organic matter.
Examples: Alcohols, acetone, glycerol, antibiotics, acids
THE ELEMENT CARBON

There are several million organic compounds, but only about a quarter of a million
inorganic compounds (compounds that are not based on carbon). Why are there so many
organic compounds? The answer lies in the bonding properties of carbon. Carbon is capable
of catenation, which is the ability of an element to form covalent bonds to itself. Carbon can
form single, double or triple bonds to other carbon atoms to form long chains and ring
structures; hence it can form molecules that contain from one to an infinite number of C
atoms.
What’s New
Carbon is a non-metal and is the basic component of organic compounds.
Let’s familiarize with the element carbon by doing the following activity.
Activity 3: What Makes Carbon Atom Special?
Objective: After performing this activity, you should be able identify the properties of
carbon.
Materials: pen and paper
Procedure: Read and understand the poem, “I am Carbon and I am Special”. Then
answer the exercise below.
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I am Carbon and I am Special

Vivian R. Camba
My name is Carbon Four dots represent my Lewis structure

C is my chemical symbol Surrounding my nucleus with 6 protons
I am a non-metal element I can form four covalent bonds
Belonging to group 14, family IV. With other elements or another carbon
My atomic number is six I can form long C-C single bond

And mass number of 12 I gladly form short C=C double bond
I have exactly six electrons I can even form strong C≡C triple bond
And in my outermost shell is four Any combination I can always be found
My electrons are located in s and p orbitals What made me special? A query by all
In the periodic table, I belong to p-block Limitless bonding, man-made or natural
In each s orbital, there are 2 pairs of electrons Chain, straight. branched or ring
While in p orbital 2 are unpaired electrons. Millions are formed with hydrogen.one
Based on the poem, answer the following:

1. Determine the atomic number, mass number, number of proton, number of neutron and
number of electrons of carbon.
Atomic number Mass Number Number of p+ Number of n0 Number of e-
2. Draw the energy levels and identify the shell and valence electrons of carbon.
3. Write the electron configuration and orbital notation of carbon.
1s 2s 2p
4. What are the group number and period number of carbon?

Group No. = Period No. =
5. Draw the Lewis dot electron structure of carbon.
6. Show the covalent bonding of carbon with other elements:
a. CH4 b. CCl4
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What is It
The Unique Carbon Atom

Carbon has the following properties:
 Has atomic number of 6 and has 6 electrons
 Its electronic structure is 1s2 2s2 2p2
 It has valence electrons of 4.
 It has 4 covalent bonds ●
 Its Lewis -electron dot structure is ● C ●
●
 Its orbital notation is 6C- 2s ↑↓ 2p ↑ ↑
As a group 4A element, carbon atoms can share four valence electrons. Each carbon
atom usually forms a total of four covalent bonds. Thus, a carbon atom can connect to as
many as four other atoms. Carbon can bond to many other types of atoms, including
hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
The three types of bonds are:

1. Single Bond - share 1 pair of electrons.
2. Double Bond - share 2 pairs of electrons
3. Triple Bond - share 3 pairs of electrons
In forming organic compounds, the following rules should be

considered for drawing organic molecules:
1. C always has four bonds. This may consist of

 4 single |
 1 double and 2 single |
–C –
–C=
|
 1 triple and 1 single ≡ C –  2 double =C =
2. H always has one bond.
 1 single H – or –H
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3. O always has two bonds. This may consist of:

 2 single – O –  1 double O= or =O
4. X always has one bond. X = F, Cl, Br or I

 1 single – F – Cl – Br –I
5. N always has three bonds. This may consist of:
 3 single |  1 single and 1 double  1 triple N ≡

– N – –N =
Carbon is a unique element because of the following reasons:

 It forms different compounds because each carbon atom can form four chemical
bonds to other atoms;
 It forms long carbon-to-carbon chains is the first of five reasons that there can be so
many different carbon compounds;
 It can share not only a single electron with another atom to form a single bond, but it
can also share two or three electrons, forming a double or triple bond;
 It forms different molecule with different geometrical arrangement that makes the
molecule different in shape and in properties; and
 The electrons that are not being used to bond carbon atoms together into chains and
rings can be used to form bonds with atoms of several other elements.
What’s New
A carbon atom has the electron configuration of 1s 2 2s 2 2p 2, meaning that it has two
unpaired electrons in its 2p orbitals. We would expect to form only two covalent bonds.
However, experimental data show that carbon forms four covalent bonds such as in CH4 .
As shown in the orbital notation of carbon below, there is a mixing of the 2s orbitals
and the 2p orbitals. Thus, it can generate four equivalent hybrid orbitals (sp3 = 1 s and 3p)
. ↑↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
2s 2p sp3 = 2s 2px 2py 2pz

The 4 valence electrons of carbon hybridize or mix in order to form covalent
bonds. The non - equivalent orbitals mix to form hybrid orbitals.
The three types of hybrid orbital of carbon are sp 3, sp2 and sp. A single bond between
the two carbons forms sp3 hybrid orbital. A double bond forms sp 2 hybrid orbital while a
triple bond forms sp hybrid orbital.
C - C ( sp3 - sp3) C = C ( sp2 –sp2) C ≡ C ( sp – sp)
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Let’s try to do the activity below
Activity 4: Let’s Mixed the Orbitals!
A. Identify the hybrid orbitals in each of the carbon atoms in the following molecules.
Example:
1. 2.
3.
What is It
Hybridization is the term applied to the mixing of atomic orbitals in an atom (usually
the central atom) to generate a set of hybrid orbitals. Hybrid orbitals are atomic orbitals
obtained when two or more non-equivalence orbitals of the same atom combine in
preparation for covalent bond formation.
There are 4 types of hybrid orbitals. These include the following:
A. Carbon - sp3 Hybridized
Ground State Excited State
C- ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
6 ↑↓ ↑
2s 2p 2s 2px 2py 2pz

3
sp hybridized orbitals
Carbon uses these sp3 hybrid orbitals to form four covalent bonds. In
methane (CH4), four sp3 hybrid orbitals are overlapped by hydrogen 1s
orbital, yielding four σ (sigma) bonds (that is, four single covalent bonds) of
equal length and strength.
B. Carbon - sp2 Hybridized
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6C-
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
↑↓ ↑
2s 2p 2s 2px 2py 2pz
sp2 hybridized unhybridized
orbitals orbital
Carbon can form double bond with sp2 hybrid orbital and one p orbital
as in ethene (C2H2). The p orbitals from the two carbon atoms are parallel to
each other. The bonding between p orbitals in parallel arrangement is called pi
(π) bond. A double bond is formed from one sigma (σ) bond and one pi (π)
bond
C. Carbon - sp Hybridized
↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
6C- ↑↓ ↑
sp hybridized unhybridize
orbitals orbitals
In acetylene (C2H2), the two sp hybrid orbitals form a sigma (σ)

CH ≡ CH bond with hydrogen, and the unhybridized p orbitals form two pi (π) bonds.
Thus a triple bond consists of one sigma (σ) bond and two pi (π) bonds.
What’s More
You have learned in this module the properties of organic compounds and its main
component element, carbon. The hybridization of carbon explains why it can form covalently
in chains and ring with another carbon or with other elements.
Let’s have some activities for you to understand further about the topic.
Activity 5. It Makes a Difference!
Objective: After doing this activity, you should be able to differentiate organic and inorganic
compounds
A. Direction: Make a foldable to compare organic and inorganic compounds based on
some properties. Select your answers from the box.
Organic Properties Inorganic
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Type of Bonding
Melting point
Boiling Point
Physical State
Flammability
Solubility in water
Conductivity in aqueous solution
Reactivity
Low solid liquid or gas ionic soluble non-flammable low high

Covalent flammable slow to react non-conductor high easily react
B. Direction: Look for the10 common organic and inorganic compounds found in the
word grid. They are arranged horizontally, diagonally, vertically and backward. Then,
classify them as organic or inorganic compounds.
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
S L N Y L O N O I Q W
U Y R E B B U R S L A
C E C T T V O S A O T
R S A L T N U I P H E
O X K C O N N L Y O R
S X K X K O V I K C I
E O I U M M B C B L I
U D R M R O S A Z A T
E P A S T A R C H L E
Organic Compounds Inorganic compounds
Activity 6. The Carbon Puzzle

Objective: After doing this activity, you should be able to describe the properties of carbon
and explain its ability to form many compounds.
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A. Direction: Fill in the boxes by writing the letters that will form words found in the
topic “CARBON” Refer to the given clues below.
1
C
2
A
3
R
4
B
5
O
6
. N
Clues:
1. ________ bond is formed by sharing two pairs of electron
2. A triple bond consists of one _____ bond and two pi bonds
3. There are maximum 2 electrons of carbon found in each ________ .
4. Mixing of two non-equivalence orbitals is called _____ orbitals
5. Carbon has the ability to form long ____ with another carbon or elements
6. There are 6 _____ electrons in the outermost shell of carbon atom
B. Direction: Identify the type of hybrid orbitals (sp, sp2, sp3) of C – C bond and the number
of sigma and pi bonds in each of the following molecules.
1. H H H H
l l I l
H–C–C=C=C–C–H
l l
H H
2. H H H H
l l I l
H–C=C–C=C–C≡C–H
CONGRATULATIONS! You are almost done with this module. Have you gain much
knowledge from the different lessons in this module? Now, let’s summarize what you have
learned.
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What I have learned

Direction: Summarize the lessons that we studied in this module by filling up the
blanks with the right term/s.
Organic compounds contain ______ in combination with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
and other elements. They have ______ melting and boiling points. They are ______ in water
and _________of heat and electricity.
Organic compounds are formed by __________ bonding of carbon with another
carbon or other elements in ______ and rings. This explains why there are more organic
compounds than inorganic compounds.
Carbon has _____ valence electrons. It can form _____ bond by sharing a pair of
electrons, a __________ bond by sharing two pairs of electrons and a ____ bond by sharing
three pairs of electrons.
Carbon can undergo ______. It is the term applied to the mixing of _______ in an
atom (usually the central atom) to generate a set of hybrid orbitals. There are three types of
hybrid orbitals that can be generated in carbon are sp3, sp2 and sp.
Carbon can form a single bond with _____hybrid orbital consists of ______ bond
only. A double bond is formed with _________hybrid orbital consists of ______ and _____.
A triple bond is formed with _____hybrid orbital consists of ________ and _______.
What I Can Do
Direction: Read and understand the paragraph below. Then answer the question in
your own words.
With numerous ways of bonding and complexity, carbon atoms can form a multitude
of different compounds. More than 16, 000, 000 are known compared to inorganic
compounds which are about 600, 000. Chemists make thousands of new compounds every
year, about 90% of which contain carbon and an almost infinite number of new compounds
could possibly be synthesized. The wastes produced in the processing of natural organic
materials and from the synthetic organic and fermentation industries constitute a major part of
the industrial and hazardous waste problems that environmental engineers and scientists are
called upon to solve.
As a responsible student in consumer chemistry, how can you help solve this problem?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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Assessment
Direction: Read the following questions carefully and write only the letter of the correct
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What are organic compounds?
A. Organic compounds are based on carbon, and they usually contain carbon-nitrogen
and carbon-silicon bonds.
B. Organic compounds are based on nitrogen, and they usually contain carbon-nitrogen
and carbon-hydrogen bonds.
C. Organic compounds are based on carbon, and they usually contain carbon- hydrogen
and carbon-carbon bonds.
D. Organic compounds are based on hydrogen, and they usually contain carbon
hydrogen and carbon-oxygen bonds.
2. In the hybridization of carbon, sp3, sp2 and sp are the hybrid orbitals of C. How many
sigma and pi bonds are formed by sp2 orbitals?
A. 1 sigma and 1 pi bonds
B. 2 sigma and 2 pi bonds
C. 4 sigma bonds
D. 4 pi bonds
3. Which of the following is an example organic compound?

A. Water
B. Sugar
C. Table salt
D. Carbon dioxide
4. Carbon is versatile because it needs _____ bond to become stable.

A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
5. All the examples below are organic compounds EXCEPT:

A. octane (C8H18)
B. methanol (CHOH)
C. carbon monoxide (CO)
D. butanoic acid (C3H6COOH)
6. All of the following are characteristics typical of organic compounds EXCEPT:

A. Low boiling point
B. Insoluble in water
C. Form covalent bonding
D. Conduct electricity
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7. Which of the following shows the correct covalent bonding pattern of carbon with other
elements?
A. = C =
B. ≡ C =
C. – C =
D. – C –
8. Carbon atoms can bond with each other to form

A. single bonds only
B. double bonds only
C. single and double bonds
D. single, double, and triple bonds
9. How many pi and sigma bonds does the compound have? H2C = HC – CH2 – CH3
A. 11 sigma and 1 pi
B. 10 sigma and 2 pi
C. 5 sigma and 4 pi
D. 8 sigma and 1 pi
10. What type of hybrid exists between carbon – carbon in the structure of this compound:
HC ≡ CH?
A. sp3 – sp3
B. sp2 – sp2
C. sp – sp
D. sp – sp2
11. The electron configuration of carbon is 1s2 2s2 2p4. What is its period and group number?
A. Period 1, Group IV
B. Period 1, Group VI
C. Period 2, Group IV
D. Period 2, Group VI
12. Organic compounds are formed by covalent bonding of carbon with carbon and other
elements. What is covalent bonding?
A. It is the sharing of electrons between atoms
B. It is the free flow of electrons within an atom
C. It sis the transferring and sharing of electrons among atoms
D. It is the transferring of electrons from one atom to another atom
13. Which of the following statements explain why carbon is able to form more compounds
than any other element?
I. It can form single, double or triple bonds to other carbon atoms
II. It can form other structures from the same formula
III. It cannot be decomposed easily.
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IV. It can branched and form cyclic with other carbons

A. I, II, III B. II, III & IV C. I, II & IV D. I, III &IV
14. The hybrid sp3 of carbon contains ____sigma and __ pi bonds.

A. 1,2
B. 1, 3
C. 2,2
D. 1,1
15. Which of the following compounds shows sp3 - sp2 - sp2 type of hybrid between its C-C?
A. H2C = C = CH2
B. HC ≡ C – CH3
C. H3C – CH2 – CH3
D. H3C – CH = CH2
Additional Activities
HYBRID ORBITALS
A. Direction: Identify the hybrid orbitals in each of the carbon atoms in the following
molecules.
Ex: CH3 - CH2 - CH = CH - CH2 - CH3
1 2 3 4 5 6
sp3 sp3 sp2 sp2 sp3 sp3
1. H3C – CH3
2. H3C – CH = CH2
3. H3C – C ≡ C – CH2-OH
4. CH3 CH3CH = O
5. CH3COOH
B. Direction: Determine the number of sigma and pi bond in each of the following
molecules.
1.
H
I
Cl―C― Cl
I
H 21

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H Cl
2. \ /
C = C
/ \
H H
N≡ C C≡ N
3. \ /
C = C
/ \
N≡C C ≡N
H H
l l
H―C―C = C ―C≡ C―H
4.
I I
H H
H H H H H
5.
l l l l l
H–C –C – C – C =C–H
l l l
H H H
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References
Brown, Theodore L, et. al. CHEMISTRY, The Central Science. USA: Prentice Hall
Publishing Inc. 2012
Bruice, Paula Y. Organic Chemistry, USA: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2000.
Carey, Francis A. Organic Chemistry, 4th edition, USA. The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
2000
Chang, Raymond CHEMISTRY, New York: MCGraw Hill Companies, Inc. 2007
Hoffman, Robert V. Organic Chemistry an Intermediate Text, Canada.John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. 2004
Magno, Marcelita C, et, al CHEMISTRY, Science and Technology Textbook for Third Year,
Quezon City: Vibal Publishing House Inc.
Mendoza, Estrella E, Religioso, Teresita F. You and the Natural World Series, Science and
Technology, CHEMISTRY. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc. 2000
Rabago, Lilia M. , Mapa, Amelia, Fedilino, Trinidad, CHEMISTRY, Textbook in Science

and Technology III, Quezon City: SD Publications , Inc, 2001
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – City Schools Division of Alaminos
San Jose Drive, Poblacion, Alaminos City, Pangasinan
Telefax: (075) 205-0644/205-0643
Email-Address: alaminos.city@deped.gov.ph

Consumer Chemistry 9 Module 2 Organic Compounds

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Consumer Chemistry 9 module 2 Organic Compounds

Accountancy (Far Eastern University)

Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university

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Published by the Alaminos City Division

Development Team of the Module

Aguedo C. Fernandez, CESO VI

Cecilia M. Nisperos., EPS, Science

Ronald B. Radoc, EdD, EPS, LRMS

Printed in the Philippines by:

Department of Education: Region I – Alaminos City Division

Office Address: San Jose Drive, Poblacion, Alaminos City, Pangasinan

Telefax: (075) 205-0644/205-0643

E-mail Address: alaminos.city@deped.gov.ph

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Welcome to the Consumer Chemistry 9 Alternative Instructional Module, Quarter 1, Module 2:

Notes to the Teacher

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Consumer Chemistry 9 Alternative Instructional Module, Quarter 1, Module 2:

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

This part includes an activity that aims to check what

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to

In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

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This also tends retention of learned concepts.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

The following are some reminders in using this module:

Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.

4. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.

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What I Need to Know

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

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2. Which of the following is an example organic compound?

4. Which of the following is a characteristic of organic compounds?

6. The hybrid sp of carbon contains ____sigma and __ pi bonds.

7. What are organic compounds?

8. Which of the following is NOT typically a property of organic compounds?

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THE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Name of Compound Elements and their symbols Group Number

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C. Based on the chemical formulas, identify whether organic or inorganic compounds.

Table 1: Comparison of the properties of organic and inorganic compounds

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Organic compounds are derived from three sources:

THE ELEMENT CARBON

Activity 3: What Makes Carbon Atom Special?

Materials: pen and paper

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I am Carbon and I am Special

My name is Carbon Four dots represent my Lewis structure

My atomic number is six I can form long C-C single bond

Based on the poem, answer the following:

Atomic number Mass Number Number of p+ Number of n0 Number of e-

3. Write the electron configuration and orbital notation of carbon.

4. What are the group number and period number of carbon?

6. The hybrid sp of carbon contains __sigma and pi bonds.

14. The hybrid sp3 of carbon contains __sigma and pi bonds.