Republic of the Philippines I.

OBJECTIVES
Department of Education
Region III
Schools Division Office of Bulacan
National High School
_________________________
A.Content Standards: The learner acquires knowledge of
appropriate reading strategies for a better understanding of
academic texts.
B. Performance Standards: The learner produces a detailed
abstract of information gathered from the various academic texts
read.

ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC AND C.MELCs: Differentiates language used in academic texts from
various disciplines
PROFESSIONAL PURPOSES
D.Specific Objectives:

Differentiate language used in academic 1. Define academic writing.

text from various disciplines 2.Differentiate language in academic text from various discipline.
3. Identify the purpose, language, audience and style of academic
text.
ACTIVITY SHEET 4. Write a specific academic text with correct usage of language.
II.CONTENT:
Lesson 1 -Differentiates language used in academic text from
NAME: various disciplines.
GRADE AND SECTION:

DATE OF SUBMISSION

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III. PROCEDURES: _____8. How do you determine your language when you write
A. Preliminary Activities
an academic paper?
1. Pre-Test
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read the following questions and choose the letter a. consider the rules in writing
of the BEST answer. Write your answers on the space before each b. consider the audience
number.
c. consider your knowledge
_____1. When you write an academic paper, what point of view will you
_____9. What does “to persuade” mean in academic writing?
use?
a. To let the audience argue with the author
a. first person b. second person c. third person
b. To let the audience believe in the author
_____2. What kind of language should be used in writing academic text?
c. To let the audience discredit the author.
a. colloquial b. formal c. informal
_____10. Which of the following deals with the way the writer
_____3. What is the meaning of layman’s term? organizes a text?
a. words that are hard to understand. a. audience b. purpose c. style
b. words that are easy to understand _____11.It reflects your dignified stance in writing as a

c. words that are having a lot of meaning. member of academic community.

a. Caution b. Formality c. Objectivity
_____4. The following are examples of academic text except _______.
_____12.In this feature of language, written language should
a. Journal b. Research Paper c. Short Stories
not be personal.
_____5.Which of the following elements deals with the writer’s goal in
a. Caution b. Formality c. Objectivity
writing a text?
_____13.The author in this writing style is explaining a
a. audience b. purpose c. style
concept.
_____6. What feature of language requires the writer not to include
a. Expository b. Descriptive c. Persuasive
personal emotions in the text?
_____14.The author in this kind of writing style is convincing
a. Caution b. Formality c. Objectivity
the reader to believe in his/her position or belief in writing.
7. What feature of language requires the writer to be careful on writing?
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a. caution b. formality c. objectivity
a. Expository ANALYSIS:
b. Descriptive Processing questions:
c. Persuasive A. What is academic writing?
15. What kind of description should be used in descriptive writing
_____________________________________________
style?
a. vivid _____________________________________________
b. vague _____________________________________________
c. unrealistic
B. What are the four features of academic writing?
2. Reviewing Previous Lesson: _____________________________________________
Directions: Check the kind/s of writing you are familiar with. _____________________________________________
___1. essay _____________________________________________
___2. journal 3. ABSTRACTION (Discussion of the Topic)
___3. diary
___4. reaction paper Language Used in Academic Text from Various Disciplines
___5. invitation letter Writing is one of the Four Macro Skills that a student should
___6. science writing possess. It is one of the media of communication in order for us to
___7. fiction stories pass information to people. One of these writings that a student
___8. biography should know is Academic Writing. In this module you as a student
___9. bibliography will learn Academic Writing and the language that should be used in
___10. research paper writing academic text.
Let us define key terms you will meet in this discussion.
B. Presenting the new lesson 1.Academic Writing - is a kind of writing that can be used in
ACTIVITY academia or school.
1.MOTIVATION 2. Subject – pertains to the topic of the text.
Directions: Unscramble the letters to form new word/s. Write your 3. Tone – pertains to the attitude of the writer about the text. It can
answer on the space after each item. be distinguished through the words used by the author.
4. Purpose – is information that an author wants to imply to the
1. ADECACIM INGWTRI ___________ 6.DEIUANCE ________________ reader.
2. CUBJSET __________________ 7. NIOPT FO WEIV ____________ 5. Language – are the words used by the author in writing an
3. NETO ____________________ 8.LESTY_____________________ academic text, Academic writing requires formal language.
4. RUPPEOS _________________ 9.NOWLEKGED ______________ 6. Audience –pertains to the reader in writing.
5. GAGEUANLA ________________ 10.PLIEXCIT__________________ 7. Point of View – refers to how the writer tells the information in the
reading text. An academic text is always in the third person point of
view.
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3. ABSTRACTION ( Discussion of the topic)
8.Style – refers to how the author arranges his or her writing.
9. Knowledge – is the amount of information that an author knows about
his or her topic. The reader is the one who can distinguish how much
knowledge an author has in the topic he or she is writing.
10. Explicit – means that the information should be precise and clear.
Academic Writing
Academic Writing is a kind of writing that can be used in academia or
school. It has
a process that starts with posing a question, conceptualizing a problem,
evaluating an opinion and ends in answering a question posed, clarifying
a problem or arguing for a stand. The specific purposes of academic
writing are to inform, to persuade and to argue that address specific
audience or the teacher. To inform means supplementing a lot of
information about the topic. To Persuade means having the credibility to
make your audience or readers believe in you. To argue means making
your readers or audience respond on the information you are telling
them.
Academic writing also requires formal language or word that does not
contain colloquial or jargon words. It usually uses layman’s term or the
term that is easy to understand. It avoids the use of hifalutin words or
words that have deep meaning.
Academic writing is all about thinking:
 It follows certain rules and standards.
 Language to be used in writing academic text should be formal.
 Audience should be first taken into consideration.
All the information included in this kind of text should be backed up by
valid evidence.
Four Features of Language
1. Formality reflects your dignified stance in writing as a member of an
academic community. This means that in your writing, you should avoid
colloquial words and expressions.
- The language use requires precision to make it a legitimate piece of
writing.
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3. Discussion of the Topic: (ABSTRACTION)
Formality can be achieved through the following ways:
• Choosing expanded modal forms over contracted forms, such as
using cannot instead of can’t, do not instead of don’t.
• Choosing one verb form over two-word verbs, such as damage instead
of mess up.
• Choosing expanded terms over their abbreviated equivalents, such as
as soon as possible instead of ASAP.• Avoiding colloquial/idiomatic
expressions, such as kind of like, as a matter of fact, sort of.
Other Examples:
• Calculate - James added up the number of attendees in his party.
• Purchase (someone’s assets) - The large company bought out the
smaller ones.
• Cancel - The teacher was to call off the noisy students immediately.
• Continue - The meeting will carry on even without your presence.
• Discover - The purpose of this meeting is to find out what would be
your idea about our new project.
2. Objectivity means that the focus of the information is on the topic
rather on the writer itself. Written language should not be personal but
rather in general objective.
It can be achieved by:
a. Avoiding the use of personal pronouns such as you, I, my, and we.
Poor example: You need to follow instructions.
Improved version: The researchers need to follow instructions.
b. Avoiding rhetorical questions because academic writing should not
assume that the readers know the answer in the statement and the
author should express the information strongly and clearly.
Poor example: How can these problems be solved?
Improved version: Certain procedures must be discovered to solve
problems.
c. Avoiding emotive language that shows biases. Giving an overly
favorable opinion of someone can eliminate objectivity.
Poor example: The police investigators were shocked to see the outcome
of the tests.
Improved version: The police investigators did not expect the results.
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3. Discussion of the Topic: (ABSTRACTION)
3. Explicitness in academic writing demands the use of signposts that
allow readers to trace the relationships in the parts of the study. If you
intend to show a change in your line of argument, make it clear by
using however.
Example:
It is apparent that the school institutions hope to provide quality
education to the learners. However, having this COVID-19 pandemic
requires a lot of effort to reach out students.
The following phrases may be useful in making ideas explicit:
1. This is due to the…
A number of MERALCO consumers trooped to the City Hall to claim a
P500 cash incentive. This is due to the Supreme Court ruling that
overcharges must be returned to the end users whose electric
consumption for the April-May period was below 100kw/hr.
2. This resulted in…
With the Supreme Court ordering MERALCO to return overcharges to
the end users, government offices have been tapped to operate as claim
centers. This resulted in a number of MERALCO consumers trooping to
the City Hall to claim the P500 cash incentive.
• When two ideas seem the same, express each one clearly.
The study showed that eighty percent of the 200 participants involved
in the study were dissatisfied with the operations of MERALCO.
Similarly, the data revealed that majority of the participants were not
aware of the charges imposed on them by MERALCO
• If you intend to give extra information in your sentence, make it clear
by writing “In addition...”
MERALCO has been operating as a business conglomerate involving
foreign stakeholders and independent power producer or IPP. In
addition, MERALCO owns major IPPs operating in the region.
If you are giving examples, do so explicitly by writing “For example…”
The MERALCO issue has led to disputes between opposition and
administration senators. For example, those who have been labeled as
against the president considered the issue as the administration/s way
of avoiding the NBN-ZTE scandal.
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3. ABSTRACTION ( Discussion of the topic)
4. Caution in academic writing requires care since knowledge is built
on proven theories and concepts. Caution is needed to avoid sweeping
generalizations.
Government officials are corrupt.
The statement is not completely true and the rhetorical impact of the
statement may be misleading. The statement can be improved through
the use of devices such as modal verbs, adverbs, or verbs.
Improved versions:
Some government officials may be corrupt.Corruption is commonly
linked to some key government officials.
Types of Writing Styles
There are four main types of writing: expository, descriptive,persuasive
and narrative.
Each of these writing styles is used for a specific purpose. A single text
may include more than one writing styles
Expository
This means that the author is trying to explain a concept, imparting
information to the audience. It is not subjective but rather focuses on
facts that are supported by evidence.
Examples of Expository Writing:
 textbooks
 articles
 recipes
 news stories (not editorials or op-eds)
 business, technical or scientific writing
Descriptive Writing
Descriptive style means painting a picture of a person, place, or thing
through words. It is often found in fiction, though it can make an
appearance to non-fiction as well Memoirs, first-hand accounts, and
events or travel guides are examples of descriptive writing. The author
might employ metaphor or other literary devices in order to describe
the author’s impressions using their five senses.
Persuasive Writing
It is the main style of writing you will use in academic papers. When
an author writes in a persuasive style, he/she is trying to convince the
audience of a position or belief.
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3.ABSTRACTION( Discussion of the topic)
Persuasive
writing contains the author’s opinions and biases, as well as
justifications or reasons given by the author as evidence of the
correctness of their position. Any “argumentative” essay you write in
school should be in the persuasive style of writing. The examples of
persuasive writing include cover letters, op-eds and editorial newspaper
articles, reviews of items, letters of complaint, advertisements, and
letters of recommendation.
Narrative Writing
Narrative writing is used in almost every longer piece of writing, whether
fiction or non-fiction. When an author writes in a narrative style, he/she
is not just trying to convey information, rather tries to construct and
communicate a story, complete with characters, conflict and settings.
The examples of narrative writing include oral histories, novels/novellas,
poetry (specifically, epic sagas or poems), short stories, and anecdotes.
C. INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES (Formative)
1. Activity A: (Written Works/Task)
True or False
Directions: Write T if the statement is true, otherwise write F if it is false.
Write your answer on the space before each number.
_____ 1. Academic writing has three main purposes.
_____ 2. Formality in language means avoiding the use of colloquial
terms.
_____ 3. Objectivity is more on personal matters of the writer.
_____ 4. To persuade means to make your readers believe in you.
_____ 5. It is possible to write academic text without presenting evidence.
2. ACTIVITY B: (Written Work/Task)
Directions: Identify what is being described in the following statements.
Write your answer on the space before each number.
_______________ 1. Academic writing demands the use of signposts that
allow readers to trace the relationships of the parts of the study.
_______________ 2. It requires formal language that does not contain
colloquial or jargon words.
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______________3. Written language should not be personal but rather
objective.
_______________ 4. Academic writing requires care since knowledge is
built on
proven theories and concepts.
_______________ 5. Avoiding emotive language that shows biases.
_______________ 6. It has a process that starts with posing a question,
conceptualizing a problem, evaluating an opinion and ends in
answering a question posed, clarifying a problem or arguing for a
stand.
_______________ 7. It reflects your dignified stance in writing as a
member of the academic community.
_______________ 8. This is how the author arranges his or her writing.
_______________ 9. Academic writing should not assume that the
readers know the answer in the statement, and the author should
express the information strongly and clearly.
_______________ 10. It instructs choosing expanded terms over their
abbreviated equivalents, such as, as soon as possible instead of
ASAP.
C. INDEPENDENT ACTIVITIES
3. ACTIVITY C
Directions: Using the Venn Diagram, differentiate academic text from
non-academic text.
ACADEMIC TEXT NON-ACADEMIC TEXT
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Directions: From the given scenarios below, choose one and write a
sample of academic text that best suit to the scene. Following the
given rubrics, write your answer on the space provided for.
1. Scene 1.
Mario is about to go to school then suddenly he felt dizzy and wasn’t
able to get up so he’s mother just asked him to take a rest and said that
she will just send a letter to his adviser.
2. Scene 2
Teacher Jessica is planning to have a culminating activity for her
sections in English subject, but she needs to ask first permission to her
school head.
3. Scene 3.
The adviser of Joseph asked them to write an essay about the
pandemic that they are experiencing.
E. REFLECTION:
Directions: Write a five-sentence paragraph about what you have
learned about the lesson.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
V. ASSESSMENT: (Post Test)
Directions: Write the letter of the best answer on the space before
each number.

Content 5 points – The 3 points – the 1 point – the _______ 1. How do you determine your language when you are writing
content is clear content is content is far academic paper?
and suits to the somewhat clear from the given
A. consider the audience B. consider the rules in writing
given scene. and somewhat scene.
suit to the given C. consider your purpose or topic D. consider your knowledge.
scene
Style 5 points – can 3 points – the 1 point – no clear _______ 2. When you write an academic paper what point of view will
easily identify the style is hard to writing syle was you use?
style used in distinguish. applied.
A. first person B. second person C. third person D. none of these
writing
Language 5 point – 3 points – have 1 point –have _______ 3. What kind of writing requires a writer to have more
language was committed 5 or committed 10 or knowledge about a chosen topic?
used correctly more incorrect more incorrect
without incorrect spelling and spelling and A. academic writing B. creative writing C. free writing D.letter writing
grammar and punctuations. punctuations _______ 4. What language is used in academic writing?
punctuations.
Purpose The purpose of 3 points – the 1 – the purpose of A. casual B. colloquial C. formal D. informal
the author is easy purpose of the the author is not
to understand. author is visible.
somewhat vague. Page 14

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5. Which of the following deals with the way the writer organize a text? Enrichment Activities
A. audience B. purpose C. style D. tone Directions: Do a little research among your classmates about COVID-
6. Which of the following deals with the writer’s goal in writing a text? 19 virus and write an academic text about it with the purpose of
A. audience B. purpose C. style D. tone giving information.
7. Which of the following is considered as the target readers of the text? ____________________________________________________________________
A. audience B. purpose C. style D. tone ____________________________________________________________________
8. It is the process that starts in posing question, conceptualizing a ____________________________________________________________________
problem, evaluating an opinion and ends in answering the question ____________________________________________________________________
posed. ____________________________________________________________________
A. academic writing B. creative Writing ____________________________________________________________________
C. essay writing D. Free Writing ____________________________________________________________________
9. What feature of language is applied when a writer does not include ____________________________________________________________________
personal emotions in the text. ____________________________________________________________________
A. caution B. explicitness C. formality D. objectivity
10. What feature of language is requiring you to take a lot of care on your References: “Academic Writing Language to Avoid.” Uni Learning, Accessed July
writing. 24, 2020.
A. caution B. explicitness C. formality D. objectivity https://unilearning.uow.edu.au/academic/2e.html
“Academic Writing Style.” Quizlet, Accessed July 23, 2020.
11.What kind of description should be used in descriptive writing style?
https://quizlet.com/216926213/the-academic-writing-style-flash-cards/
A. vivid B. vague C. unrealistic D. imaginary Cziko et.al. 2000. Reading for Understanding,, The Quarterly, Vol. 22, No. 3.
12.The author in this kind of writing style is convincing the reader to “Features of Academic Writing.” UEFAP, Accessed July 22, 2020.
believe in his/her position or belief. http://www.uefap.com/writing/feature/objectiv.htm
A. Expository B. Descriptive C. Persuasive D. Narrative “Explicitnes.” Course Hero Inc., Accessed July 23, 2020. https://www.coursehero.
com/fi
13.The author in this writing style is explaining a concept. le/152 04892/Explicitness/
A. Expository B. Descriptive C. Persuasive D. Narrative Merriam-Webster, s.v. “explicit,” accessed July 25, 2020,
14.A feature of language that tells that a written language should not be https://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/explicit
personal. “Sample Invitation Letter.” Word Press, Accessed July, 23, 2020.
http://letters.sampleinvitationletter.info/guest-speaker-invitation-letter/
A. Caution B. Formality C. Objectivity D. Explicitness
Saqueton and Uychoco. 2016. English for Academic and Professional Purposes.
15.It reflects your dignified stance in writing as a member of an academic Manila
community. Philippines, Rex Book Store Inc.
A. Caution B. Formality C. Objectivity D. Explicitness “Types of Writing Styles.” Open Oregon, Accessed July 23, 2020. .
https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/aboutwriting/chapter/types-of-writing-
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“Writing an Amazing Technology Essay.” My Essay Writing, Accessed July
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https://myessaywriting.com/samples/technology.html

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