SCIENCE,

TECHNOLOGY AND
SOCIETY
 SCIENCE
-System of knowledge of the natural world
gained through the scientific method.

“philosophy of the natural world”

Observe and discover what makes materials

the same and what makes then different.
 FACETS
 SCIENCE AS A BROAD BODY OF
KNOWLEDGE

PHYSICAL SCIENCE
– PHYSICS (Science of physical objects)
CHEMISTRY (the science of matter)
ASTRONOMY (the science of celestial
objects)
EARTH SCIENCE
– GEOLOGY (the science of earth)
 FACETS
 SCIENCE AS A SET OF SKILLS

6 BASICS SCIENCE SKILLS

 OBSERVATION
 COMMUNICATION
 CLASSIFICATION
 MEASUREMENT
 INFERENCE
 PREDICTION
 FACETS
 SCIENCE AS AN INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY
Science is the intellectual, practical
and systematic study of the structure and
behavior of the physical and natural world
through observation and experiment.
 FACETS
 SCIENCE AS SOCIAL ACTIVITY
Science is a social activity shaped by
history, institutions, beliefs, and values.
Society shapes science and vice versa
 FACETS
 SCIENCE AS PROBLEM-SOLVING
Problem-solving- Provides the
students the opportunity to develop and
untilize their problem-solving skills which
include;
o Critically analyze a problem
o Determine all its elements
o Prepare feasible solution
 FACETS

 SCIENCE AS A GLOBAL HUMAN ENDEAVOR

Science is a result of human imagination,
ingenuity, and creativity.
 SCIENCE AS A PROCESS
The scientific method is a set of steps for
verifying and building scientific notation.
 TECHNOLOGY
Greek words,
tekhne - “art or craft”
Logia – “subject or interest”
- Practical application of what we know about
nature using scientific principles for the
betterment of the human situation.
 SOCIETY

Society is defined as 'a group of

people who live in a definable
community and share the same
culture'.
Science is linked to
society through
Technology
 CHED Memorandum Order No. 20
(Science, Technology and Society)
An interdisciplinary course that engages
the students to confront the realities brought
about by science and technology in society,
with all its socio-political, cultural, economic,
and philosophical underpinnings at play.
HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN THE
COURSE OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
Development is not an 0ne-time thought process
-Gradual improvements

Raise quality of life of the people.

 ACIENT TIMES

oTransportation and Navigation

oCommunication
oRecord Keeping
oMass Production (increase food supplies)
oSecurity and Protection (Weapons and Armors)
oHealth, Aesthetic, Engineering and
Architecture.
 Out of necessity, people in ancient time
were able to discover and invent things that
would impact the lives of the modern
people.
MAJOR TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS
DURING ANCIENT TIMES

oSumerians
oBabylonians
oEgyptians
oGreek
oRoman
oChinese
 - Southernmost tip of ancient
S Mesopotamia.
U - Known for their high degree of
M cooperation with one another and
their desire for great things.
E
R
I
A
N
 CUNEIFORM
o First writing system
o System that utilizes words, pictures, and
S triangular symbols
U o Carved on clay using wedge instruments
M and then left to dry.
E
R
I
A
N
 URUK CITY
oConsidered to be the first city in the
S world.
U oThey build the city using only mud or
M clay from the river, which they mixed
E with reeds, producing a sun-baked
R bricks.
I
A
N
 THE GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR
oAlso called as the mountain of God.
S
oServed as the sacred place of their
U
chief God, were only their priest
M
E
were allowed to enter
R
I
A
N
 IRRIGATION AND DIKES
oSumerian created dikes and irrigation
S canals to bring water to farmlands
U and at the same time control
M flooding of the rivers.
E
R
I
A
N
 SAILBOATS
oSailboats were essential in
transportation and trading as well as
S
U
in fostering culture, information and
M technology.
E
R
I
A
N
 WHEEL
oThe first wheel were not made for
transportation but for farm work and
S
U
food processes.
M
E
R
I
A
N
 ROAD
oMade roads with sunbaked brick laid
on the ground later poured with
S
U
Bitumen to smoothen the roads.
M
E
R
I
A
N
B
A
B - Emerged near the Tigris and
Y Euphrates Rivers.
L - They were great
O builders, engineers
N and architect.
I
A
N
 HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON

B oIt was said to be the structure made

A up of layers of garden that contained
B several species of plants, trees, and
Y vines.
L  King Nebuchadnezzar II
O  Queen Amytis
N
I
A
N
 o Located in North America
E o Aside from engineering technology,
G the Egyptian have contributed other
Y practical things that world now
considered as
P essential.
T
I
A
N
 PAPER or PAPYRUS
oPapyrus was a plant that grow
E abundantly along the Nile river in
G Egypt.
oThey were able to process he plants
Y in order to produce thin sheets on
P which one could write down things.
T
I
A
N
 INK
oEgyptian invented ink by combining
E
soot with different chemicals to
G produce inks of different colors.
Y
P
T
I
A
N
 HIEROGLYPHICS
oA system of writing using symbol
E
oThey believed that this writing
G system was provided to them by
Y their gods.
P
T
I
A
N
 COSMETICS
oIn ancient Egypt it was for both
E
health and aesthetic reasons
G KOHL – Created by mixing soot or
Y malachite with mineral galena.
P -wore around the
eyes to prevent
T
and even cure eye
I disease.
A
N
 WIG
oWigs were worn for health and
E
wellness rather for aesthetic
G purpose.
Y
P
T
I
A
N
 WATER CLOCK/CLEPSYDRA

E oThis device utilizes gravity that

G affects the flow of water from one
vessel to other
Y Remaining in the device determines how much
P time was elapsed since it is full

T
I
A
N
 o An archipelago in the southeastern
G part of Europe
o Birthplace of Western Philosophy
R o In-depth works on philosophy and
mathematics.
E
E
K
 ALARM CLOCK

oTells everyone when to

G stop or when to start.
o They made use of water
R (sometimes small stones or sand)
E that dropped into drums which
sounded the alarm.
E
K
 WATER MILL
oThey were commonly used in
agriculture processes like milling of
G grains which was necessary form of
food processing during the time.
R oRICE, CEREALS, FLOURS,
E
E
K
 o Perceived to be the strongest
political and social entity in the
R west.
O o Considered to be the cradle of
politics and governance.
M
A
N
 NEWSPAPER
oGAZETTES – First newspapers,
contained announcements of Roman
R Empire to the People.
O o Made before invention of paper
M
A
N
S
JULIUS CAESAR
oStarted the tradition of stacking up
papyrus to form a pages of a book.
 ROMAN ARCHITECTURE
oConsidered a continuation of Greek
R architecture
O oThey could produce sturdier and
stronger infrastructure funded by
M Roman Government
A
N
S
 ROMAN NUMERALS
oRoman devised their own number
R system specifically to address the
O need for a standard counting method
that would meet their increasing
M communication and trade concern.
A
N
S
 o Considered to be the oldest
C civilization in Asia.
o Also known as the middle kingdom
H
I
N
E
S
E
 SILK

C oThe thing that connected far East

China to the world.
H (Bridged the gap between the western world and
the middle kingdom)
I
N
E
S
E
 TEA PRODUCTION

C oTea is a beverage produced by

pouring hot or boiling water over
H crushed or shredded dried tea
I leaves.
N o Chinese Emperor
o Wheel-based
E mechanism with
sharp edges
S attached to a
E wooden or ceramic
pot.
 GREAT WALL OF CHINA

C oOnce considered the only man-made

structure that could be seen from
H outer space.
I oForeign invaders
N
E
S
E
 GUNPOWDER

C oOriginally develop by Chinese

alchemist (Charcoal, Sulfur, and
H Potassium nitrate)who aimed to
I achieve immortality.
N oFireworks
E
S
E
 o Marred by massive invasion and
M
migration
E o Population decline and rise
D
I
E
V
A
L
 PRINTING PRESS

C oJohann Gutenberg-
able to invent the
H printing press, a
I more reliable way
N of printing using
cast type.
E o Wooden machine
attached with a metal
S impression of letters.
E
 MICROSCOPE
o People transferred to polluted and
C populated urban areas which resulted in
more people getting sick.
H o Zacharias Janssen – Able to develop the
I first compound microscope (Guided By the
Principles in making eyeglasses)
N
E
S
E
 TELESCOPE
o The invention of telescope, an optical
C instrument that helps in the observation
of remote objects, was a great help for
H navigators during this time.
I o Compass, oars, rudders.
N
E
S
E
 WAR WEAPONS
o All Sides must develop weaponries not
C only as offensive tools but also as
defensive instruments.
H o Cross bows and long bows (long ranges)
I o Hand-to-hand combat and wear body
armors (close range)
N
E
S
E
 o Efficient means of transportation
o Machines operated by animals
M should be upgraded
O o Faster communication and
computation should be developed
D o “Food processing and medicine”
E
R
N
 PASTEURIZATION
o Invented by Louis Pasteur the process of
C heating dairy products to kill the harmful
bacteria that allow them to spoil faster.
H o (molecular asymmetry, fermentation, and
I vaccination),

N
E
S
E
 PETROLEUM REFINERY
o Samuel M. Kier was able to invent
C kerosene (later referred to as the
“illuminating oil” by refining petroleum.
H o Powering automobiles, factories, and
I powerplants.
N
E
S
E
 TELEPHONE
o The development of telephone by
C Alexander Graham Bell was one of the
most important inventions at their time.
H o Maintain connection and communicate
I o Administer the state of the government.
N
E
S
E
 CALCULATOR
o The creation of modern calculators did
C not only paved the way for easier
arithmetic calculations, but also resulted
H in the development of more complex
I processing machines like computer.
N
E
S
E
P o Most vulnerable country in term of
H natural disasters.
I o Many of the discoveries and inventions
made by the Filipinos were therefore
L
built from indigenous materials or
I created to adapt to the harsh tropical
P environment.
P
I
N
E
S
 SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE
o Victor Llave and his team at H2O
C technologies were able to invent the
salamander an amphibious tricycle that
H can cross not only flooded street but also
I rivers and lakes. (Island to island)
N
E
S
E
 SALT LAMP
o Aisa Mijeno was able to invent a lightning
C system that utilizes a material abundant
in the Philippines – saltwater.
H o Two tablespoon of salt and a glass of tap
I water.
N
E
S
E
 MEDICAL INCUBATOR

C o Dr. Fe del Mundo

(1941) devised a
H medical incubator by
I placing a native laundry
basket inside a bigger
N one.
E o Hot water bottle
between the basket and
S makeshift hood
E
 MOSQUITO OVICIDAL/LARVICIDAL
TRAP SYSTEM
o In 2010, DOST-ITDI was able to introduce
C
the mosquito Ovicidal/ Larvical Trap
H system (OL Trap).
o Made of natural ingredients that are lethal to
I mosquitos but safe for humans and
N environment.

E
S
E
 EJEEPNEY
o Ejeepney utilizes electricity instead of the
C
more expensive diesel.
H
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S
E