English Lab

HSC
Grammar :Modifier

* Modifier cixÿvq Av‡m-9 `v‡M,k~b¨¯’vb _v‡K-10 Uv, gvK©m- 5. Modifier G 5 out of 5 cvIqvi Rb¨ wb‡gv³
Modifiers Ges Gi Structure ¸‡jv Aek¨B Uvbv gyL¯’ _vK‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡Z¨KUv jvB‡bi A_©ey‡S DIi Kivi †Pó
Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges Vocabulary I weMZ eQ‡ii Board Question Practise Gi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB|

Most Important Modifiers

at a glance

Pre-modify the noun Present Participle

( Adjective) (V+ing)

Possessive Post-modify the Verb

(My,our, your, his, her) (Adverb)

Intensifier Noun Adjective

(Very) (Noun as Ajective)
*Modifier g~jZ 2 cÖKvi:(1)Pre modifier (2) Post modifier.

*wb‡¤œi Pre modifier ¸‡jv Uvbv gyL¯’ ivL‡Z n‡e:-

Name Example / Structure

1.Adjective as pre modifier Great, famous, renowned, beautiful, clever,
wise, foolish, important, significant

2.Participle as pre modifier (i) Verb+ing = Growing, playing, sleeping

(i) present participle (ii) past Participle (ii) Verb Gi V3 = Broken, rotten

3.Determiner as pre modifier (i) a, an, the (a car, an apple, the man)
(i) Article (ii) Demonastrative (ii)This, these, that, those, some (This pen)

4.Intensifier Very, fully, enough

5.Quantifier as pre modifier One, two, three….., many, much, several, a lot,
a little
6.Possessive as pre modifier My, our, your, his, her, their, its

7. Noun adjective as pre modifier Noun + Noun (Noun as Adjective)

Ex: Tea pot, Mango tree, Apple tree, Mobile
number, Life insurance

 1.‡Kv‡bv wKQzi bvg‡K Noun e‡j|

Avi, Noun Gi †`vl,¸b,Ae¯’v,msL¨v,cwigvb BZ¨vw` †h eySvq ev Noun ‡K †h Modify K‡i Zv‡K adjective
e‡j| GB adjective hLb Noun ‡K Modify Ki‡Z Av‡m ZLb Zv‡K Adjective as pre modifier.

Ex: Kazi Nazrul islam was a ______(pre-modify the noun) poet. Ans: rebel,popular
Ex:Cox’s bazar is really a______(pre-modify the noun) place to spend vacation.

 2. Verb Gi mv‡_ hLb ing hy³ nq ZLb Zv‡K present participle e‡j | ‡hUv g~jZ adjective Gi KvR K‡i|
Ges Verb Gi V3 form ‡K past Participle e‡j|

Ex:The ______ (Use a present participle to pre-modify the noun) birds of st.Martin Island looks
amazing.
Ex: I need a book which is ______ (Use a past participle to pre-modify the noun) about
geopolitics.
 3. A ,an Ges the ‡K Article ejv nq| Ges This, these, that, those Ges some ‡K Demonastrative ejv
nq

Ex: ______ (use an article) boy who got GPA-5 is my student.

Ex:He has ______(use a demonastrative) special qualities from ______ (use an article)
childhood.

 4. Intensifier Gi †ÿ‡G †ewki fvM answer B Very n‡q _v‡K|

Ex:She worked ______ (use an intensifier) hard in his early life.

Ex:He is a ______ (use an intensifier) prestigious and ______(pre-modify the noun) person.

 5. One, two, three….., many, much, several BZ¨vw` ‡K Quantifier ejv nq| |

Ex: He has ______ (use an quantifier) money because he saves it.

Ex: I was ______ (use an intensifier) excited and bought ______( use an quantifier) books
yesterday.

 6. Possessive pronoun (my, our, your, his, her, their, its) hLb †Kv‡bv Noun ‡K Modify Ki‡Z
Av‡m ZLb Zv‡K Possessive as pre modifier e‡j|

Ex:This is ______(Use a Possessive to pre-modify the noun) grandfather’s house where he lived.
Ex: In ______(Use a Possessive to pre-modify the noun) country the people always tend to break
the rule.

 7. hLb `ywU Noun cvkvcvwk e‡m ZLb Noun Noun Adjective , এ

Noun Adjective ejv nq|

Ex: ______ (use a noun adjective) is not cheap nowadays company. Ans: Life insurance
Ex: At the beginning of his career, he was a ______ (use a noun adjective). Ans: school teacher .
* wb‡¤œi Post modifier ¸‡jv Uvbv gyL¯’ ivL‡Z n‡e:-

Name Example / Structure

1.Infinitive as post modifier (V.V.I) To + V1 = to go, to buy, to have, to do

2.Present Participle as post modifier V+ing = going, doing, having, drinking

3.Past Participle as post modifier Verb Gi V3 = made, built, done, written

4.Appositive as post modifier appositive is a noun phrase that comes after

another noun phrase

5.Adverb as post modifier (V.V.I) Properly, slowly, quickly, suddenly, really,

highly, attentively, usually, heavily, poorly,
well, much, soon, also, even.

 1. To+V1 ‡K Infinitive e‡j|

Ex: Some proper steps should be taken______( Use an infinitive to modify the verb) corruption.
Ex: My cousine went to London______( Use an infinitive to modify the verb) his study in Law.

 2,3: Verb Gi mv‡_ hLb ing hy³ nq ZLb Zv‡K present participle e‡j | ‡hUv g~jZ adjective Gi KvR
K‡i|
Ges Verb Gi V3 form ‡K past participle e‡j|

Ex: ______ ( Use a present participle to post-modify the verb) my MBA, I will get into a job.
Ex: Having ______ ( Use a past participle to post-modify the verb) his meal, he went to sleep
last night.

 4. যখ Noun / Noun Phrase এ

, খ Appositive ।

Ex: Ayan, _____ (use an appositive) went to Cox’sbazar last week.

Ex: Shahjahan, (use an appositive) built the Tjmahal which is really______(pre-modify).

 5. Verb Gi Ae¯’v †h eySvq ev Verb ‡K †h Modify K‡i Zv‡K adverb e‡j| Ges †ewkifvM adverb B ly hy³
nq|

Ex: You have to complete your preparation ______ (post-modify the verb) to get a good grade.
Ex: Work ______(post-modify the verb), until you are done.