17/12/2023 Code-A Phase-1&2

Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005,

Ph.011-47623456

MM : 720 OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A Time : 200 Min.

PHYSICS

SECTION-A
1. (1) 19. (3)

2. (1) 20. (4)

3. (3) 21. (1)

4. (1) 22. (1)

5. (2) 23. (2)

6. (2) 24. (4)

7. (4) 25. (1)

8. (4) 26. (1)

9. (1) 27. (4)

10. (3) 28. (2)

11. (4) 29. (1)

12. (2) 30. (4)

13. (4) 31. (3)

14. (1) 32. (1)

15. (3) 33. (3)

16. (2) 34. (1)

17. (4) 35. (4)

18. (3)

SECTION-B

36. (1) 44. (3)

37. (2) 45. (2)

38. (2) 46. (2)

39. (4) 47. (3)

40. (3) 48. (3)

41. (1) 49. (2)

42. (4) 50. (2)

43. (3)

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

CHEMISTRY

SECTION-A
51. (1) 69. (2)

52. (3) 70. (2)

53. (3) 71. (2)

54. (1) 72. (1)

55. (1) 73. (1)

56. (3) 74. (2)

57. (3) 75. (2)

58. (3) 76. (1)

59. (1) 77. (1)

60. (3) 78. (3)

61. (4) 79. (2)

62. (4) 80. (1)

63. (3) 81. (3)

64. (4) 82. (3)

65. (4) 83. (4)

66. (4) 84. (2)

67. (2) 85. (1)

68. (2)

SECTION-B

86. (2) 94. (1)

87. (4) 95. (4)

88. (3) 96. (1)

89. (2) 97. (3)

90. (3) 98. (1)

91. (1) 99. (1)

92. (4) 100. (2)

93. (1)

BOTANY

SECTION-A

101. (2) 119. (3)

102. (4) 120. (2)

103. (3) 121. (3)

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

104. (2) 122. (1)

105. (2) 123. (3)

106. (4) 124. (2)

107. (3) 125. (4)

108. (4) 126. (2)

109. (2) 127. (4)

110. (1) 128. (2)

111. (4) 129. (1)

112. (2) 130. (3)

113. (1) 131. (2)

114. (3) 132. (2)

115. (1) 133. (1)

116. (2) 134. (4)

117. (3) 135. (1)

118. (4)

SECTION-B
136. (1) 144. (3)

137. (4) 145. (3)

138. (3) 146. (3)

139. (1) 147. (1)

140. (4) 148. (3)

141. (4) 149. (3)

142. (4) 150. (3)

143. (3)

ZOOLOGY

SECTION-A

151. (1) 169. (3)

152. (3) 170. (3)

153. (2) 171. (3)

154. (3) 172. (3)

155. (2) 173. (3)

156. (1) 174. (3)

157. (2) 175. (2)

158. (2) 176. (3)

159. (3) 177. (2)

160. (2) 178. (4)

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

161. (3) 179. (2)

162. (1) 180. (1)

163. (3) 181. (3)

164. (2) 182. (2)

165. (2) 183. (3)

166. (3) 184. (2)

167. (2) 185. (1)

168. (2)

SECTION-B
186. (1) 194. (3)

187. (3) 195. (3)

188. (3) 196. (4)

189. (3) 197. (2)

190. (4) 198. (4)

191. (4) 199. (4)

192. (4) 200. (4)

193. (3)

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

Hints and Solutions

PHYSICS

SECTION-A
(1) Answer : (1)
Solution:
In N-type semiconductor number of electrons is very large as compared to number of holes.
(2) Answer : (1)
Solution:
h
λ =
√2M k

h
=
3
√2M ( kT )
2

h
=
√3M kT

(3) Answer : (3)

Solution:
10–0.1
i =
10
9.9
=
10
= 0.99 A

(4) Answer : (1)

Solution:
h
∵ λ =
p

h
=
√2mE

1
λα
√E
−
−− −−−−
λ1 E2 E1
∴ = √ = √
λ2 E1 4×E1

1
=
2

⇒ λ2 = 2λ1

(5) Answer : (2)

Solution:
NA 1
= then
NB e

−8λt
NA e
=
−λt
NB e

1 −7λt
= e
e

−1 = −7λt

1
t =
7λ

(6) Answer : (2)

Solution:
0.6932
T 1 = = 0.6932 × T
λ mean
2

(7) Answer : (4)

Solution:
To explain phenomenon of photoelectric effect we have to consider particle nature of light.
(8) Answer : (4)
Solution:
−34 15
6.62×10 ×3.2×10
E0 = hν0 =
−19
1.6×10

= 13.24 eV
> 6 eV (no electron emission)
(9) Answer : (1)
Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

D1 is reverse biased
D2 is forward biased
10V
I = = 2.5A
(2+2)Ω

(10) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Output Y = ¯ ¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ ¯¯
¯ ¯¯
¯ ¯¯
¯
(A. B). C = A + B + C

When A,B,C are 0 → Y = 1

When A,B,C are 1 → Y = 0
(11) Answer : (4)
Solution:
2

and r ∝ n2
ke
F =
2
r
1 1
F ∝ ⇒ F ∝
2 4
(n )
2 n

(12) Answer : (2)

Solution:
¯
¯¯
¯¯
¯¯¯¯
¯¯¯¯
¯¯
¯
y = A ⋅ B = AB

⇒ AND gate.

(13) Answer : (4)

Solution:
Emax = E − ϕ

2eV = 5eV − ϕ ⇒ ϕ = 3 eV

N ow eV0 = E' − ϕ

= 6 eV − 3 eV = 3 eV

So potential is –3 V.
(14) Answer : (1)
Solution:
IC 10
IE =
0.9
=
0.9
= 11.11 mA
IB = IE − IC = 1.1 mA

(15) Answer : (3)

Solution:
1
I ∝ I ∝ N
2
r
1
∴ N ∝
2
r

no. of emitted electrons becomes 9 times but stopping potential will remain same.

(16) Answer : (2)

Solution:
When heavy nucleus breaks into lighter nucleus then it is called as fission.
When two lighter nuclei combines to form larger nucleus, this process is called fusion.
(17) Answer : (4)
Solution:
¯
¯¯¯¯¯
Z = XY

(18) Answer : (3)

Solution:
n(n−1)
= 6
2

n2 – n – 12 = 0
(n – 4) (n + 3) = 0
∴ n=4
1 1
= R (1 − )
λ 16

λ = 975 Å

(19) Answer : (3)

Solution:
1

R = R0 A 3

2.4 8 3
= ( )
R2 27

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

3×2.4
R2 =
2

= 3.6 fermi
(20) Answer : (4)
Solution:
−13.6
E = −0.544 eV =
2
n
−−−−
13.6
n = √ = 5
0.544
v0 v
'
v = =
n 5

(21) Answer : (1)

Solution:
Momentum of recoiled hydrogen atom = momentum of photon emitted
hc h 1 1
= = = hR [ − ]
λc λ n
2
n
2
f i

−34 7 3
= 6.6 × 10 × 1.097 × 10 ×
4

= 5.45 × 10–27 kgms–1 .

(22) Answer : (1)
Solution:
1
hf1 = ϕ +
2
mv
2
1
…(i)
1
hf2 = ϕ +
2
mv
2
2
…(ii)
2 2
m( v −v )
On solving (i) & (ii), h =
1 2

2(f −f )
1 2

(23) Answer : (2)

Solution:
RL = 1 kΩ
8
lL = = 8 mA
1
20−8
I500Ω = = 24 mA
500

Idiode = 24 – 8 = 16 mA

(24) Answer : (4)

Solution:
2 Ro
Power gain = β
Ri

2 600
= (20) ×
300

= 800

(25) Answer : (1)

Solution:
1 1
ΔE = –13.6( 2
−
2
) eV
3 2

ΔE = φ0 + eV0

1.89 = 0.8 + eV0

V0 = 1.09 V

(26) Answer : (1)

Solution:
ΔE = hf
n = 4________ – 0.85 eV
n = 3________ – 1. 5 eV
n = 2________ – 3. 4 eV
n = 1________ – 13.6 eV
∴ ΔE is maximum for n = 2 to n = 1
(27) Answer : (4)
Solution:
1 1 1 5R
= R( − ) =
λmax 4 9 36

1 1 1 R
= R( − ) =
λmin 4 ∞ 4

λmax 9
∴ =
λmin 5

(28) Answer : (2)

Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

R1 ∝ (64) 3
...(i)
1

R2 ∝ (125) ...(ii) 3

Divide equation (ii) by (i)

R2 5
=
R1 4

4.8×5
R2 =
4

⇒ R2 = 6 fermi

(29) Answer : (1)

Solution:
K.Emax = 2 mv2
1

mv2
1
eV0 = 2

V0 ∝ v2

(30) Answer : (4)

Solution:
Density of nucleus does not depend on its mass number A
∴ ρnucleus ∝ A0

(31) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Mass number of A3 = 180 – 4
= 176
Atomic number of A3 = 72 – 2 + 1
= 71
(32) Answer : (1)
Solution:
Δm = 8mn + 8mp − m
nucleus
= 8(1.00866) + 8(1.00727) - 15.99053)
= 8.06928 + 8.05816 - 15.99053
= 0.1369u
(33) Answer : (3)
Solution:
[mass of one 6 C12 carbon atom].
1
1 atomic mass unit = 12

(34) Answer : (1)

Hint:
During α decay mass number decrease by 4 and no change in mass number during β decay.
Solution:
4 × n = 32
n = 8α and 6β
(35) Answer : (4)
Solution:
Nuclear force acts between two protons, two neutrons and proton and neutron.

SECTION-B
(36) Answer : (1)
Solution:
Difference in energy value in higher energy shells is small.

(37) Answer : (2)

Solution:
hc
≥ Eg
λ
hc 12400
λ ≤ ≤
Eg 2.0

λ ≤ 6200 Å

(38) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Energy gap in insulators is highest.
(39) Answer : (4)
Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

5h nh
L = =
2π 2π

⇒n=5
13.6
K = −E = − (− ) = 0.544eV
2
5

(40) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Binding Energy per nucleon is maximum for middle order elements.
(41) Answer : (1)
Solution:
10−0.3 9.7
I = =
970 970

= 1 × 10–2 A
= 10 mA
(42) Answer : (4)
Solution:
A−A' 200−168
nα = = = 8
4 4

nβ − = 2nα − Z + Z' = 2 × 8 − 90 + 80 = 8

(43) Answer : (3)

Solution:
h
L = 2π

(44) Answer : (3)

Solution:
For stability of nucleus, binding energy per nucleon should be high.
(45) Answer : (2)
Solution:
13.6
En = −
2
eV
n

for n = 3
−13.6 13.6
E3 =
2
= −
9
= −1.51 eV
3

(46) Answer : (2)

Solution:
hc
Since, Kmax =
λ
–ϕ

=8–4
= 4 eV

(47) Answer : (3)

Solution:
5−0.7
ib =
86
= 0.05 mA
Ic = βIB = 100 × 0.05 = 5 mA.

(48) Answer : (3)

Solution:
2πr = 3λ
3λ
r =
2π

(49) Answer : (2)

Solution:
12 1 13 0
6C +0 n →7 N +–1 β

(50) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Binding energy per nucleon decides the stability of a nucleus.

CHEMISTRY

SECTION-A
(51) Answer : (1)
Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones. Aliphatic aldehydes or ketones are more reactive than aromatic
aldehydes or ketones.

(52) Answer : (3)

Solution:
∗
H3 O

R − CN + SnCl2 + HCl ⟶ R − CH = NH ⟶ R − CHO

(53) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Aromatic aldehydes do not give positive test with Fehling’s solution
(54) Answer : (1)
Solution:

(55) Answer : (1)

Solution:
Due to –I effect of methoxy group at meta position.

(56) Answer : (3)

Solution:
LiAlH4 reduces both carbonyl group and ester group.

(57) Answer : (3)

Solution:

(58) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Citric acid is present in lemon juice.

(59) Answer : (1)

Solution:
Aniline or vinyl amine cannot be synthesised by Gabriel phthalimide synthesis.

(60) Answer : (3)

Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

(61) Answer : (4)

Solution:

is most basic due to electron donating nature of –OCH3 group.

(62) Answer : (4)

Hint:
The given reaction is known as Hell Volhard Zelinsky reaction.
Solution:

(63) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Carbylamine reaction
CHCl 3 / KOH

R − NH2 −−−−−−−→ R − N ≡ C + KCl + H2 O

(64) Answer : (4)

Solution:
Hinsberg’s reagent gives +ve test to both 1° and 2°-amine of aliphatic or aromatic nature. But 3° amine does
not react with Hinsberg’s reagent.

(65) Answer : (4)

Solution:

(66) Answer : (4)

Solution:

(67) Answer : (2)

Solution:
RNA contains adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) and uracil (U)

(68) Answer : (2)

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

Solution:
Amylopectin constitutes about 80-85% of starch.

(69) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) is present in citrus fruits, amla etc. Deficiency of which causes scurvy (bleeding
gums).
(70) Answer : (2)
Solution:
Hydrolysis

Sucrose −−−−−→ α − D − glucose + β − D − fructose

(71) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Carbohydrates are stored in animal body as glycogen.
(72) Answer : (1)
Solution:
α-D-glucose and β-D-glucose are anomers of each other.
(73) Answer : (1)
Solution:
Order of Ka : CF3 COOH > CCl3 COOH > HCCl2 COOH > CH3 COOH > CH3 CH2 COOH

(74) Answer : (2)

Solution:

(75) Answer : (2)

Solution:

(76) Answer : (1)

Solution:
CHO is meta directing group for SE reaction.

(77) Answer : (1)

Solution:

(78) Answer : (3)

Solution:

(79) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Et—Br undergoes SN2 reaction in Gabriel phthalimide synthesis of 1° amines.

(80) Answer : (1)

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

Solution:

Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction.

(81) Answer : (3)
Solution:

(82) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Benzene diazonium chloride is resonance stabilized.
(83) Answer : (4)
Solution:

(84) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Lactose = β-D-Galactose+β-D-Glucose

(85) Answer : (1)

Solution:
Adenine and Guanine are purine bases.

SECTION-B

(86) Answer : (2)

Solution:
+
H
R– N ≡ C + H2 O → RNH2 + HCOOH

(87) Answer : (4)

Solution:
Carbonyl compound having α – C – Hydrogen
Does not give Cannizzaro reaction
(88) Answer : (3)
Solution:

(89) Answer : (2)

Solution:
Picric acid contains only one acidic hydrogen.

(90) Answer : (3)

Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

Electron Donating group attached on benzene ring increases the electron density on nitrogen and hence
increases the reactivity of the compound towards diazotization.

(91) Answer : (1)

Solution:
In aqueous medium, order of basicity is
(C2 H5 )2 NH > (C2 H5 )3 N > C2 H5 NH2 > NH3

(92) Answer : (4)

Solution:

(93) Answer : (1)

Solution:
All disaccharide except sucrose are reducing in nature
(94) Answer : (1)
Solution:
When both ‘OH’ are on opposite side then it is Threose and when both ‘OH’ are on same side then they are
erythrose.

(95) Answer : (4)

Solution:
Only amino acid can form Zwitterion.
(96) Answer : (1)
Solution:

(97) Answer : (3)

Solution:
1° amine has maximum B.P. due to hydrogen bonding.

(98) Answer : (1)

Solution:
Histidine is an essential amino acid.

(99) Answer : (1)

Solution:
Gatterman - Koch reaction
(100)Answer : (2)
Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

BOTANY

SECTION-A
(101)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Nile perch is a large predator fish which was introduced into Lake Victoria of East Africa.
Biodiversity plays a major role in many ecosystem services that nature provides such as pollination and
oxygen.
(102)Answer : (4)
Solution:
The natural reservoir of phosphorus is rock. Unlike carbon cycle, there is no respiratory release of phosphorus
into atmosphere. Atmospheric inputs of phosphorus through rainfall are much smaller than carbon inputs.
Gaseous exchange of phosphorus between organism and environment are negligible.

(103)Answer : (3)
Solution:
In hydrarch succession climax community is represented by trees (Forest).

(104)Answer : (2)
Solution:
In primary succession on rocks the pioneer communities are usually of lichens which are able to secrete acids
to dissolve rock, helping in weathering and soil formation.
(105)Answer : (2)
Solution:
In the successive seral stages there is a change in the diversity of species of organisms, increase in the
number of species and organisms as well as an increase in the total biomass.
(106)Answer : (4)
Solution:
There are certain limitations of ecological pyramids such as it does not take into account the same species
belonging to two or more trophic levels. It assumes a simple food chain, something that almost never exists in
nature; it does not accommodate a food web. Moreover, saprophytes are not given any place in ecological
pyramids even though they play a vital role in the ecosystem.
(107)Answer : (3)
Solution:
The net annual primary productivity of the whole biosphere is approximately 170 billion tons (dry weight).
Productivity of the oceans are only 55 billion tons.
Productivity of terrestrial biomes is 115 billion tons.
(108)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Each trophic level has a certain mass of living material at a particular time called as the standing crop.
(109)Answer : (2)
Solution:
In an aquatic ecosystem, GFC is the major conduit for energy flow. As against this, in a terrestrial ecosystem, a
much larger fraction of energy flows through the detritus food chain than through the GFC. Detritus food chain

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

may be connected with the grazing food chain at some levels.

(110) Answer : (1)
Solution:
Humification leads to accumulation of a dark coloured amorphous substance called humus that is highly
resistant to microbial action and undergoes decomposition at an extremely slow rate.

(111) Answer : (4)

Solution:
Low temperature and anaerobiosis inhibit decomposition resulting in build up of organic matter.
Warm and moist environment favour decomposition.
Decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in lignin and chitin.
(112) Answer : (2)
Solution:
Gross primary productivity (GPP) minus respiration losses (R), is the net primary productivity (NPP).
(113) Answer : (1)
Solution:
According to an estimate, 4 × 1013 kg of carbon is fixed in the biosphere through photosynthesis annually.
(114) Answer : (3)
Solution:
Pyramid of energy is always upright and can never be inverted, because when energy flows from a particular
trophic level to the next trophic level, some energy is always lost as heat at each step.
(115) Answer : (1)
Solution:
The historic convention on biological diversity (The Earth Summit) held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, called upon
all nations to take appropriate measure for conservation of biodiversity and sustainable utilisation of its
benefits.

(116) Answer : (2)

Solution:
In India,
Wild life sanctuaries = 448
Biosphere reserves = 14
National parks = 90

(117) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Four major causes of biodiversity losses is called ‘The Evil Quartet. These are Habitat loss and fragmentation,
over-exploitation, alien species invasions and co-extinction.
(118) Answer : (4)
Solution:
Sacred grooves are certain tract of forest in which the trees and wildlife within were venerated and given total
protection.
Sacred grooves are found in Khasi and Jaintia Hills in Meghalaya, Aravali Hills of Rajasthan, Western Ghat
region of Karnataka.

(119) Answer : (3)

Solution:
Exploration of molecular, genetic and species level diversity for product of economic importance is known as
Bioprospecting.

(120)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Presently 23% of all mammal species world-wide are facing threat of extinction.

(121)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Endemic species are the ones that are confined to the particular region and not found anywhere else.

(122)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Some of the recent extinction include the Dodo from Mauritius and Quagga from Africa.

(123)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Over-exploitation of passenger pigeon was the major cause for their extinction.
(124)Answer : (2)
Solution:

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

Biodiversity hotspots’ are the regions with very high levels of species richness and high degree of endemism
(that is, species confined to that region and not found anywhere else). These hotspots are also regions of
accelerated habitat loss. Three of these hotspots – Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma and Himalaya –
cover our country’s exceptionally high biodiversity regions.'
(125)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Amazon rainforests are considered as ‘Lungs of the Planet’.
(126)Answer : (2)
Solution:
In the given phosphorus cycle in the terrestrial ecosystem the different labels are as follows:
A- Detritus, B- Producers, C-Run off, D- Weathering
(127)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Ten percent law of energy transfer was proposed by Lindeman in 1942.
(128)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Herbivorous animals are key industry animals.
(129)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Food webs are more frequent than food chains and they are not included in pyramids.

(130)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Anthropogenic ecosystems are man-made ecosystems such as agricultural farms.
Anthropogenic ecosystems have high productivity.

(131)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Secondary succession starts in areas that somehow lost all the living organisms that existed there.
Secondary succession can occur at abandoned farm lands, burned and cut forests and flooded lands.
(132)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Steller’s sea cow and passenger pigeon have become extinct due to over-exploitation by humans.
(133)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Robert May, with his conservative and scientifically sound estimate, places the number of global species
diversity at about 7 million.

(134)Answer : (4)
Solution:
They are alien species and has became invasive weed in India.
(135)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Habitat loss and fragmentation is the most important cause of biodiversity extinction.

SECTION-B
(136)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels is called stratification.
(137)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Of the incident solar radiation less than 50 per cent of it is photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).
(138)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Pollination is a broadly utilitarian ecosystem service.
(139)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Crop fields or agroecosystems or agricultural lands are man-made ecosystems.
(140)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Ecosystem with high species diversity is more stable and more productive as well as resilient to occasional
disturbances.

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OYM_NRT(P1)2324-T04A

(141)Answer : (4)
Solution:
According to Rivet popper hypothesis,
Rivets refer to Species
Rivets on the wings are considered as Keystone species.
(142)Answer : (4)
Solution:
The species-area relationships among very large areas like the entire continents, we will find that the slope of
the line to be much steeper (Z values in the range of 0.6 to 1.2).
(143)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Colombia located near the equator has nearly 1,400 species of birds while New York at 41° N has 105 species
and Greenland at 71° N only 56 species. India, with much of its land area in the tropical latitudes, has more
than 1,200 species of birds.

(144)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Biodiversity is minimum in the arctic regions and maximum in tropical regions.

(145)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Xerarch and hydrarch succession progress to medium water conditions (mesic).

(146)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Chemoautotrophic bacteria are present in hydrothermal vents where they are the producers.

(147)Answer : (1)
Hint:
In a sea ecosystem, biomass of zooplanktons is higher than the phytoplanktons.
Solution:
In a sea ecosystem the decreasing order of trophic levels in terms of biomass is
fishes > zooplanktons > phytoplanktons
The shape of pyramid is inverted.

(148)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Detritus food chain from detritus to detritiores does not follow 10% law of energy transfer.
(149)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Out of every 10 animals on this planet, 7 are insects.
So, among animals, insects are the most species-rich taxonomic group.

(150)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Tropics have warm temperature and high humidity. Due to receiving more solar energy, the tropical
communities are more productive and can support wide range of species.

ZOOLOGY

SECTION-A

(151)Answer : (1)
Hint:
Cuts DNA within Palindrome
Solution:
Restriction endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA molecule. Exonucleases remove
nucleotides from the terminal ends of the DNA molecule. Ligases ligate nucleotides and join a foreign DNA
segment.
(152)Answer : (3)
Hint:
In EcoRI, E is derived from the genus.
Solution:

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In Eco RI, E is derived from the genus, Escherichia, co from the name of the species coli, roman number ‘I’
indicates the order of isolation from that strain of bacteria.

(153)Answer : (2)
Solution:
In 1963, the two enzymes responsible for restricting the growth of bacteriophage in Escherichia coli were
isolated. One of these added methyl groups to DNA, while the other cut DNA. The later was called restriction
endonuclease.
(154)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Each restriction endonulease recognises a specific palindromic nucleotide sequence in the DNA.
(155)Answer : (2)
Solution:
DNA ligase forms the phosphodiester bond between two DNA fragments.
(156)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Ligase is an enzyme which uses ATP to form phosphodiester bond between two nucleotides of the same DNA
strand.

(157)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Chilled ethanol is added to precipitate DNA during DNA extraction.

(158)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Taq polymerase used in PCR is isolated from Thermus aquaticus, which can survive at high temperature
(90°C).

(159)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with
other macromolecules such as RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and also lipids. This can be achieved by
treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant
cells), chitinase (fungus).

(160)Answer : (2)
Solution:
During isolation of desired DNA fragments, the separated bands of DNA are cut from the agarose gel and
extracted from the gel piece, this step is known as elution.
(161)Answer : (3)
Solution:
In blue-white screening, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of β-galactosidase.

(162)Answer : (1)
Solution:
Plasmids are double stranded extrachromosomal circular DNA having property of self replication in bacterial
cells.
(163)Answer : (3)
Solution:
The T-DNA of Ti plasmid induces the formation of crown gall tumor and the plasmid has to be disarmed before
introduction into a plant cell by replacement of harmful T-DNA of Ti plasmid of original A. tumefaciens by gene
of interest.
(164)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the natural genetic engineer of plants.
(165)Answer : (2)
Solution:
If an alien DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of a gene, it will cause insertional inactivation of this
gene.
(166)Answer : (3)
Hint:
Selectable markers of pBR322
Solution:
pBR322 has two selectable marker genes ampR and tetR. The normal E.coli cells do not carry resistance
against any of these antibiotics.
LacZ gene is present in pUC8 plasmid of E.coli.

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(167)Answer : (2)
Solution:
cry I Ab controls corn borer.
(168)Answer : (2)
Solution:
The protein crystals of B. thuringiensis contain a toxic insecticidal protein that exists as inactive protoxin, but
once an insect ingest the inactive toxin, it is converted into an active form due to the alkaline pH of the gut
which solubilises the crystals.
(169)Answer : (3)
Solution:
GM crops decrease the reliance on chemical pesticides.
(170)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Use of better management practices and use of agrochemicals are not included in the critical research area of
biotechnology.
(171)Answer : (3)
Solution:
The Indian government has set up organisations such as GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee),
which will make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms
for public services.

(172)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Insulin is synthesized in inactive form containing an extra stretch called C-peptide.

(173)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Bt toxin is coded by cry gene which is effective against cotton bollworm and corn borer. Silencing of mRNA is
used to prevent tobacco roots from Meloidogyne incognita.

(174)Answer : (3)
Solution:
α – 1 antitrypsin has been used to treat emphysema.

(175)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Golden rice is rich in carotene which is a precursor of vitamin-A.

(176)Answer : (3)
Solution:
There are 2,00,000 varieties of rice in India alone. Basmati rice is distinct for its unique aroma and flavour and
27 documented varieties of Basmati rice are grown in India.
(177)Answer : (2)
Solution:
Urine analysis and serum analysis are conventional methods of diagnosis.
(178)Answer : (4)
Solution:
In 1983, Eli Lilly an American company prepared two DNA sequences corresponding to A and B, chains of
human insulin and introduced them in plasmids of E. coli to produce insulin chains.
(179)Answer : (2)
Solution:
As a first step towards gene therapy, lymphocytes from the blood of the patient are grown in a culture outside
the body.
(180)Answer : (1)
Solution:
If the gene isolated from marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into cells at early embryonic stages, it
could be a permanent cure.
(181)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Biopiracy is the term which refers to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other
organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory
payment.
(182)Answer : (2)
Solution:

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Nucleotide sequence of the A and B chains of human insulin were introduced in plasmids of E. coli to produce
insulin.

(183)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Mature insulin production was a major challenge during early production of insulin.

(184)Answer : (2)
Hint:
Like plasmids, they are autonomously replicating
Solution:
Bacteriophages because of their high copy number per cell, have very high copy numbers of their genome
within the bacterial cells.
(185)Answer : (1)
Solution:
2n copies of a DNA fragment are synthesized after ‘n’ number of PCR cycles.

SECTION-B
(186)Answer : (1)
Hint:
It is an intercalating dye which is used to visualise DNA.
Solution:
After gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are visualised on staining with ethidium bromide under UV light.
Bromophenol blue is a tracking dye.
(187)Answer : (3)
Solution:
DNA fragments are negatively charged molecules and move towards anode under an electric field.

(188)Answer : (3)
Solution:
In micro-injection, recombinant DNA is directly injected into the nucleus of an animal cell.

(189)Answer : (3)
Solution:
If any protein encoding gene is expressed in a heterologous host it is called a recombinant protein.
(190)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Sampling ports are meant for withdrawing small volumes of culture periodically.
(191)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Upstream processing includes all the steps from sterilisation of the bioreactor, preparation of the medium, till
the completion of biosynthetic pathway. Downstream processing includes all the steps after completion of
biosynthetic pathway i.e. isolation and purification of product.
(192)Answer : (4)
Hint:
Bam HI site occurs in selectable marker gene for tetracycline.
Solution:
Unique site for Bam HI is present in pBR322, therefore circular plasmid gets linearized giving one fragment.
The site 5' GAATTC 3' is specific for Eco R I.
(193)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Bt soyabean will have reduced reliance on chemical pesticides (pest-resistant crops).
(194)Answer : (3)
Solution:
IVF leading to ‘test-tube’ baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a
defective gene, are all parts of biotechnology.
(195)Answer : (3)
Solution:
Transgenic animals include rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep, cows, monkeys and fishes although over 95%
transgenic animals are mice.

(196)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Fly belongs to the order diptera.

(197)Answer : (2)

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Solution:
ADA enzyme is crucial for the immune system to function.

(198)Answer : (4)
Solution:
RNAi is the method of cellular defense in eukaryotic organisms.

(199)Answer : (4)
Solution:
Plant cells : Cellulase
Fungi : Chitinase
Bacteria : Lysozyme
(200)Answer : (4)
Solution:
rop codes for proteins required for the replication of pBR322.

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