Steel Structures &

Structural Framing
Systems

CE163-3
Steel Structures
Steel Structures
Structures may be divided into three general categories:

1. FRAMED STRUCTURES, where elements may consist

of tension members, columns, beams, and members
under combined bending and axial load.

2. SHELL-TYPE STRUCTURES, where stresses can be in

various form (bending, compression & tension)

3. SUSPENSION-TYPE STRUCTURES, where axial tension

predominates.
1. Framed Structures
• Most typical building construction is in this category.

Rigid and Braced Frame

A multistory building (LEFT) consists of
beams and columns, either rigidly
connected or having simple end
connections along with diagonal bracing to
provide stability.

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1. Framed Structures
• Industrial buildings and special one-storey building such as
churches, schools, and arenas, are either wholly or partly framed
structures.

Trussed Frame
An industrial roof system maybe a
series of plane trusses (LEFT)
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1. Framed Structures
Space Frame
Arenas can have roof system
space truss or dome.

Philippine Arena (Soo Kim et. al)

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1. Framed Structures
Portal and Rigid Frame
Roof System can also be part of a
flat, gabled, one-storey rigid
frame.

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 1. Framed Structures
Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEBs) are the building
components that are manufactured at a factory and
assembled on site. Usually, PEBs are steel structures
and can be an alternative to conventional structural
steel buildings. PEB structural components are
fabricated at the factory to the exact size,
transported to the site, and assembled at the site,
usually with bolted connections.

This type of Structural Concept is generally used to

build:

•Industrial and Small Manufacturing Buildings

•Small Retail and Commercial Office Buildings
•Warehouses and Storage Units

8Reference: https://www.schemmer.com/
 1. Framed Structures
Skyway, EDSA-Magallanes Interchange
Steel Box Girders
Bridges
Bridges are mostly framed
structures, such as beams, plate
girders, or trusses, and usually
continuous.

Ayala Bridge Trusses

Jones Bridge, Tapered Plate Girders Skyway Extension Steel Box Girders
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1. Framed Structures
Lattice steel structures, or steel structures
Latticed Framework
with a lattice type design are freestanding
and Pylons
framework towers, that consist of bolted
connections, main structural members
and bracing systems.

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2. Shell-Type Structures
• In this type of structure, the shell serves a use function in addition
to participation in carrying loads.
Storage Tanks

One common type where the main stress is

tension is the containment vessel used to
store liquids (for both high and low
temperatures). Storage bins, tanks, and
the hulls of ships are other examples.

11 Oil Storage Tanks

3. Suspension-Type Structures
• In suspension-type structure, tension cables are major supporting
elements.
Suspension Type Bridge

This is probably the most common type of this

structure. Usually the subsystem of the structure
consist of a framed structure.

Golden Gate Bridge

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Structural Framing
Systems
Primary Structural
Systems According
To NSCP 2015
Gravity & Lateral Loads

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Structural Systems

Structural System, in building

construction, is an assembly of
structural elements of a building,
that supports and transmits
applied loads safely to the ground
without exceeding the allowable
stresses in the members
(Britannica).

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Structural Systems

1. Gravity Load Structural System

– structural system that acts
primarily to support gravity or
vertical loads (dead loads, live
loads, and superimposed dead
loads).
2. Lateral Load Structural System
– structural system that
primarily acts to resist lateral
loads (wind and earthquake)
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 Structural Systems

Gravity Load Structural

System (Floor Slabs,
Beams, Girders)

Lateral Load Structural

System (Frames,
Girder-Column)

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NSCP
TABLE 208-11
LIST OF EARTHQUAKE
LOAD STRUCTURAL
SYSTEMS (STEEL)

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 STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS
(STEEL)

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 Structural systems
(STEEL)

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BEARING WALL SYSTEM
(NSCP 208.4.6.1)

• A structural system without a complete

vertical load-carrying space frame.
• Bearing walls or bracing systems
provide support for all or most gravity
loads.
• Resistance to lateral load is provided by
shear walls or braced frames.

constrofacilitator.c
om
Building Frame SYSTEM
(NSCP 208.4.6.2)

• A structural system with an essentially complete

space frame providing support for gravity loads.
• Resistance to lateral load is provided by shear walls
or braced frames.
Moment-Resisting Frame System
(NSCP 208.4.6.3)
STMF IMF/OMF
• A structural system with
an essentially complete
space frame providing
support for gravity loads.
• Moment- resisting frames
provide resistance to
lateral load primarily by
flexural action of
members.

SMRF, Reduced Beam Section

Dual System
(NSCP 208.4.6.4)

A special type of Building Frame System with

the following features:
1. An essentially complete space frame that
provides support for gravity loads.
2. The two systems shall be designed to
resist the total design base shear in
proportion to their relative rigidities
considering the interaction of the dual
system at all levels.
Cantilevered Column
(NSCP 208.4.6.5)
frazier.com

A structural system relying on cantilevered

column elements for lateral resistance.

frazier.com
END