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JAVED SCIENCE ACADEMY

Guess paper Physics 9th – 2024
Short Questions
Q1. Define Physics.

Ans.Physics:Its is the branch of Science in which we deal with

properties of matter, energy and mutual relationship between them.

Branches of Physics:

i) Mechanics ii) Geo Physics iii) Atomic Physics

iv) Nuclear Physics v) Plasma Physics

Q2. Define atomic physics and nuclear physics.

Ans. Atomic Physics: It is the study of the structure and properties of atoms.

Nuclear Physics: It is deals with the properties and behavior of nuclei and the
particles within the nuclei.

Q3. Define base and derived quantities.

Ans.

Base Quantities Derived Quantities

Base Quantities are the quantities on
the basis of which other quantities are
expressed.
Examples:
Length, mass, time, electric current,
temperature, intensity of light and
amount of substance are examples of
bas quantities.
Q4. Define Base and Derived Units.
“The quantities that are expressed in
terms of base quantities are called
derived quantities.
Examples:
Volume, speed, force, work, energy,
power and electric charge are some
examples of derived quantities.

Ans.

Base Units Derived Units

The units that describe base quantities The units used to measure derived
are called base units. quantities are called derived units.
Examples: Examples:
Unit of length is meter and Unit of Unit of velocity is Meter per second
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mass is kilogram (ms-1), Unit of acceleration is meter

per second square (ms-2) Unit of
volume cubic meter (m3), Unit of force
(Newton) N, Unit of pressure is Pascal
(Pa), Unit of charge Coulomb (C)
Q5. What is meant by prefixes? Write one example.

Ans. Prefixes: Prefixes are the words or letters added before a unit and stand
for the multiples or sub-multiples of that unit.

Examples:Kilo(k), Mega (M), Micro (m), Milli (m)………….etc.

Q6. Define scientific notation.

Ans. Scientific notation: A way to express a given number as some power of

ten multiplied by a number between 1 and 10 is called scientific notation.

Example: 0.00580 = x10-3

Q7. What is meant by Vernier Constant?

Ans. Definition: The least count of the vernier calipers is also called the vernier
constant. It can be defined as:

“ The difference between one small division on main scale division and one
vernier scale division is 0.1 mm. it is called least count (LC) of the vernier
calipers.”

Least Count: Least count of vernier callipers as 0.1 mm or 0.01 cm.

𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑜𝑛 𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒
Formula: 𝐿𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡 =
𝑁𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑒

Q8. Define rest and motion.

Ans.

Rest
A body is said to be at rest, If it does
not change its position with respect to
its surroundings.
e.g. Tree on road.
Q9. Define two types of motion.
Motion
A body is said to be in motion, if it
changes its position with respect to its
surroundings
e.g. Moving car on road.
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Ans. Rotatory Motion: The spinning motion of a body about its axis is called
rotatory motion.

Example: Motion of a ceiling fan.

Vibratory Motion:To and from motion of a body about its mean position is
known as vibratory motion.

Example: motion of a see-saw motion of swing.

Q10.Differentiate between circular motion and rotatory motion.

Ans.

Rotatory motion Circular motion

i) The spinning motion of a i) The motion of an object in a
body about its axis is called circular path is known as
rotatory motion. circular motion.
ii) Motion of top. ii) The motion of earth around
sun.
Q11.Differentiate between Distance and Displacement

Ans. Differences between distance and displacement:

Distance Displacement
i) Length of a path between i) Displacement is the shortest
two points is called the distance between two points
distance between those which has magnitude and
points. direction.
ii) It is a scalar quantity. In ii) It is vector quantity. In
picture dotted line shows picture line AB shows
distance. displacement.
iii) Distance represented by S. iii) Displacement represented by
iv) Distance can be find by the d.
formula S = V x t iv) Displacement can be find by
the formula d = Vxt
Q12. Differentiate Speed and Velocity.

Ans.

Speed Velocity
i) Rate of change of distance is i) Rate of change of
called speed. displacement is called
ii) It is scalar quantity. velocity.
iii) Its Unit is ms-1. ii) It is a vector quantity.
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iv) It is derived by following iii) Its unit is ms-1.

formula: iv) It derived by following
𝑆 formula.
𝑉=
𝑡 𝑑
⃗ =
𝑉
𝑡

Q13. Define acceleration and write its SI unit.

Ans. Acceleration: The rate of change of velocity of a body is called

acceleration.

Unit: SI unit of acceleration is metre per second square or ms-2.

Equation:
𝑉𝐹 − 𝑉𝑖
𝑎=
𝑡
Q14. Define Uniform Acceleration.

Ans. Uniform Acceleration: A Body has uniform acceleration if however

shorter the interval may be.

Unit: Its unit is ms-2.

Example:

i) Example of uniform acceleration would be space capsule.

ii) A high speed lift starts from top of multi storied building is
experiencing constant acceleration.
iii) Free falling bodies have also constant acceleration.

Q15. What is meant by gravitation acceleration?

Ans. The acceleration of a freely falling bodies is called gravitational

acceleration. It is denoted by g. its value is 10ms-2.

Q16. Define scalar and vector quantities.

Ans.

Scalar Vector
A scalar quantity is describe A vector quantity is described
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completely by its magnitude only. completely by magnitude and

Examples: Mass, length, speed, direction.
volume work and energy etc. Example: Velocity, displacement,
momentum, torque. Etc.
Q17. Define force and write its SI units.

Ans. Force: The agency which moves or tends to move, stops or tends to stop
the motion of a body is called force.

SI Unit: SI Unit of force is newton (N).

Q18. Define Inertia. Describe two examples of Inertia.

Ans. Inertia: Inertia of a body is its property due to which resists any change in
its state of rest or motion.

Examples:

i) The coins on the card will falls into the glass as the card flicks away.
ii) The coins stacked over remain undisturbed on pulling the paper strip
quickly.

Q19. Define Momentum and also write its Unit.

Ans. Momentum: Momentum of a body is the quantity of motion it possesses

due to its mass and velocity.

Equation: it is given by 𝑃⃗ = 𝑚𝑣.

Unit: its SI units is kg ms-1

Q20. State Newton’s first law of motion.

Ans. Newton’s First Law of Motion: A body continues its state of rest or of
uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by a net force.

Q21. The weight of a body is 147 N. What is its mass?

Ans. Given Data: 𝑤 = 147 𝑁

𝑔 = 10 𝑚𝑠 −2

𝑚 =?

𝑤 = 𝑚𝑔
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𝑤
𝑚=
𝑔

147
Putting Values we get: 𝑚=
10
𝑚 = 14.7 𝑘𝑔

Q22. Write two differences of Mass and Weight.

Ans.

Mass Weight
i) Mass of a body is the i) Weight a body is due to the
quantity of matter that it force of gravity acted on it.
possesses. Weight of a body is equal to the
ii) It is a scalar quantity. force with which earth attract it.
iii) It does not change by ii) It is a vector quantity.
using the place. iii) It depends upon value of “g”/ so
iv) Mass is denoted by m. it changes place to place with
v) Mass can be find by respect to height.
𝐹 iv) Weight is denoted by W.
formula 𝑚 =
𝑎
v) Weight can be find by formula
vi) Unit of mass is kilogram
W=mg.
(kg)
vi) Unit of weight is newton (N).
Q23. Define centripetal force and write its formula.

Ans. Centripetal force is a force that keeps a body to move in a circle. It is

represented as ‘Fc’. Its SI unit is Newton (N)
𝑚𝑣 2
Equation: 𝐹𝑐 =
𝑟

Q24. Write two ways to reduce friction.

Ans. Methods of reducing friction:

i) Making the sliding surfaces smooth.

ii) Lubricating the sliding surfaces.
iii) Using ball bearings to convert sliding into rolling.

Q25. Define like and unlike parallel forces?

Ans. Like Parallel forces: Like parallel forces are the forces direction.

Unlike Parallel forces:nlike parallel forces are the forces that are parallel but
have directions opposite to each other.
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In Figure above F1and F3 are unlike parallel forces.

Q26. Define resultant force.

Ans.A resultant force is a single force that has the same effect as the combined
effect of all the forces to be added.

Q27. Define Rigid Body.

Ans. Rigid Body: A body in which the distances between all pairs of particles
of the body do not change is called a rigid body.

Example: Object made by wooden or cardboard.

Q28. Define Torque and write its formula.

Ans. Torque: The turning effect of a force is called torque or moment of the
force.

Unit: SI unit of torque is newton-meter (Nm)

Mathematically: Torque = ι = F x L Torque is a vector quantity.

Q29. Write the principle of moments.

Ans. A body is balanced if the sum of clockwise moments acting on the body is
equal to the sum of anticlockwise moments on it.

Q30. Differentiate between center of mass and center of gravity.

Ans.

Center of mass Center of gravity

The point where when the force is A point where the whole mass of body
applied, the system moves without appears to act vertically downwards.
rotation is called center off mass.

Q31. What is meant by center of gravity.

Ans. Center of Gravity: A point where the whole weight of the body appears
to act vertically downward is called center of gravity of a body.

Q32. Define second condition for equilibrium and write its formula.

Ans. Second Condition of Equilibrium: A body satisfies second condition of

equilibrium when the resultant torque acting on it is zero
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Formula: ∑ι = 0

Q33. What is meant by neutral equilibrium.

Ans.A body remains in its new position when disturbed from its previous
position, it is said to be in a state of neutral equilibrium. e.g. A ball a sphere, a
roller, a pencil lying horizontally, an egg lying horizontally on flat surface etc.

Q34. Differentiate between torque and couple.

Ans.

Torque Couple
Turning effect of force is called i) Couple is formed by the two
torque. unlike parallel forces of the
same magnitude but not along
the same line.
Q35. Define Force of gravitation.

Ans. Force of Gravitation: The force due to which every body of the universe
attracts every other body is called force of gravitation.
𝑚1 𝑚2
Equation: 𝐹=𝐺
𝑑2

Q36. State the newton’s law of gravitation.

Ans. “Everybody in the universe attracts every other body with their masses and
inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.”

Formula:
𝑚1 𝑚2
𝐹=𝐺
𝑑2
Q37. What is the meant by gravitational field strength? What is its value
near earth?

Ans. The region around a body within which it feels the gravitational force of
the other body is called gravitational field. In the gravitational field the
gravitational force acting per unit mass is called gravitational field strength.

Value of gravitational field strength:

At earth, its value is 10 Nkg-1.

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Q38. Why is the value of ‘g’ different at different places?

Ans. As we know that:

𝐺𝑀𝑒
𝑔ℎ =
(𝑅 + ℎ)2

This shows that the value of g at different heights (h) will be different. This is
the reason that value of g is different at different places.

Q39. What is meant by global positioning system (GPS)?

Ans. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellites navigation system. It help

us to find the exact position of an object anywhere on the land, on the sea or in
the air. GPS consists of 24 Earth satellites. These satellites revolve around the
Earth twice a day with a speed of 3.87 kms-1.

Q40. Define Artificial Satellites.

Ans. Scientists have sent many objects into space. Some of these objects
revolve around the Earth. These are called artificial satellites.

Q41. Define Kinetic energy and write its equation.

Ans. Kinetic Energy: The energy possessed by a body due to its motion is
called its kinetic energy.

Equation: K.E. = ½ mv2

Q42. Define potential energy and write its equation also.

Ans.Potential Energy: The energy possessed by a body due to its position is

known as its potential energy.

Formula: P.E. = F x h =wxh (w = mg)

Q43. Write the names of four types of energy.

Ans. Types of Energy:

1. Mechanical Energy 2. Heat Energy

3. Sound Energy 4. Electrical Energy

Q44. Define Mass Energy Equation.

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Ans. The Einstein’s Mass-Energy equation states that mass and energy are
interconvertable according to the relation.

E=mc2 Where ‘c’ is speed of light having value 3x108 ms-1

Q45. What is meant by efficiency of system?

Ans. Efficiency: Efficiency of a system is the ratio of required form of energy

obtained from a system as output to the total energy given to its as input.

Formula of efficiency: efficiency can be obtained by following formula.

Q46. Define power and write its unit.

Ans. Power: the rate of doing work. OR The quantity that tells us the rate of
doing work is called power.

Formula:
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑒 𝑤
P = 𝑃=
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑘𝑒𝑛 𝑡
Unit of Power: SI unit of power is watt (W).

Q47. Write unit of power and define it.

Ans. Unit of power: the unit of power is watt and denoted by w.

Definition of Watt: The power of a body is one watt if it does work, at the rate
of 1 joule per second

(1watt = 1Js-1).

Q48. Write some important features of kinetic molecular model of matter.

Ans. Kinetic Molecular Model Matter:

i) Matter is made up of Particles called Molecules.

ii) The molecules remain in continuous motion.
iii) Molecules attract each other.

Q49. Define Pressure and give its unit.

Ans. Pressure: The force acting normally per unit area on the surface of a body
is called pressure. Pressure depend on the force and area of the surface.

Formula: pressure can be written and calculated as,

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𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒
Pressure =
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎
Unit: The SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa) i.e., 1Pa = 1Nm-2.

Q50. Define Temperature and Heat.

Ans.

Heat Temperature
Heat is form of energy which Temperature of a body is the degree of
transferred from one body to the hones or coldness of the body.
other in thermal contact with each
other as a result of difference of
temperature between them.
Q51. Define specific heat.

Ans.The specific heat of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the
temperature of 1Kg mass of heat substance through 1 K.

Specific heat of any substance can be found out by using following formula.
∆𝑄
c=
𝑚∆𝑇
Q52. Define Latent Heat of fusion.

Ans. Latent heat of fusion: Heat energy required to change melting point
without change in its temperature is called Latent heart of fusion of water is
∆𝑄𝑓
Formula: H𝑓 =
𝑚

∆𝑄𝑓 = 𝑚𝐻𝑓

S.I Unit: The S.I. Unit of latent heat of fusion is (J Kg-1).

Q53. Define latent heat of vaporization.

Ans.The quantity of heat that changes unit mass of a liquid. Completely into gas
at its boiling without any change in its temperature is called its latent heat of
vaporization denoted by Hv.
∆𝑄𝑣
𝐻𝑣 =
𝑚
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S.I. Unit: S.I. of latent leaf of vaporization is Jkg-1

Q54. Why are the metals good conductors of heat?

Ans. Metals are good conductors of heat because metal contains free electrons
which can move from one place to another and transfer some energy by
collision to neighboring atoms.

Q55. What is meant by conduction?

Ans. The mod of transfer of heat by vibrating atoms and free electrons in solids
from hot to cold parts of a body is called conduction of heat.

Example: The handle of metal spoon held in hot water soon gets warm.

Q56. What causes a glider to remain in air?

Ans. Gliders are caused to remain in air by the movement of hot air currents due
to convection. Air current helps them to stay in air for a long period.

Q57. What is meant by convection current in air?

Ans.The path of flow or current which used for the transfer of heat by actual
movement of molecules for hot place to a cold place is known as convection
current. i.e. Land and se breezes are example of convection currents.

Q58. What is greenhouse effect?

Ans. Carbon dioxide and water in the atmosphere allow radiations of short
wavelengths to pass through them easily but not long wavelengths of thermal
radiations. Thus heat is trapped which increases the temperature. This is called
greenhouse effect.
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