Subject: Material & Manufacturing 2

Name: Hassan Arshad Date: 9-10 2023

Reg. No: 2022-UET-NFC-FD-ME-35
Class Task
Name the lathe machine operation to achieve this shape from a starting work piece of
cylindrical shape.

Solution:
We perform different operation on work piece with help of lathe machine to achieve this shape.
Operation 1:
Tapper Turning:
First of all, we consider a cylindrical shape work piece which has total length round
about 100 mm. And then we hold the cylindrical work piece into the chucks of lathe machine. Mount the
work piece securely between the lathe centres or in a threading machine. Ensure the work piece is
correctly aligned and cantered, and the lathe bed is level. Adjust the lathe or threading machine to the
desired thread pitch and depth using the appropriate gearbox settings. Choose the right threading tool for
your application. This could be a threading insert, a threading die, or a threading tap, depending on
whether you're cutting external threads or internal threads. Position the threading tool close to the work
piece but without touching it. Align the tool with the work piece’s axis. We fixed the work piece and then
we perform tapper turning operation. The original diameter of work piece is 50mm which is reduced
gradually when we perform tapper turning operation. Then we obtain the diameter of 25mm after perform
the tapper turning operation. We perform the tapper turning operation by using cutting tool which is used
for tapper turning on the length of 70mm out of 100mm and obtain our required diameter of 25mm. We
obtain the angle with help of original diameter which is greater (D) and the small (d) which is obtained
after perform the tapper turning operation. The formula to find the angle is
Formula:

where,

ϴ= angle
D= Larger diameter of tapper work piece
d= smaller diameter after perform operation work piece

= length of work piece

So we perform tapper turning operation which diagram is shown in the figure given below

Figure 1.1 tapper tuning

For Angle:
we enter the value in formula and obtain the angle

ϴ=tan-1(0.1785)
ϴ=11.24o
So we give the angle 11.24 degree to perform the tapper turning operation on work piece.

Operation 2:
Grooving operation:
After performing the grooving operation, then we perform grooving operation to produce the groove of
10mm. The procedure begins with securely mounting the work piece on the lathe or milling machine,
followed by the selection of an appropriate grooving tool. The tool is carefully aligned at the desired
starting point and gradually engaged with the work piece. Proper cutting speed, feed rate, and lubrication
are essential to ensure smooth and precise grooving. The depth and dimensions of the groove are closely
monitored and adjusted as needed during machining. The depth of cut which is obtained by using the
formula of depth of cut.
𝐷−𝑑
T= 2

50−30
= 2

d.o.c =10mm

So we perform grooving which diagram is shown in the figure given below

Figure 1.2 Grooving Operation

Operation 3:
Straight turning:
After grooving operation on work piece, we perform the straight tuning operation on
the end of work piece start with safety gear, select the work piece, and choose an appropriate cutting tool.
Set up the lathe, position the tool, and engage the lathe, feeding the tool along the work piece gradually
to remove material and achieve the desired diameter. Measure and check your work piece dimensions,
use coolant for cooling when necessary, and make a finishing pass for a smooth surface. After confirming
the work piece meets specifications, safely shut down the lathe, inspect the work piece, and maintain a
clean work environment. Precision and safety are crucial throughout this machining process. When we
perform straight turning and then we clean the surface.

Figure 1.3 Straight Turning Operation

Operation 4: (if required)

Facing operation:
Facing operation is required to smooth and flat the surface. We perform facing
operation if it is required to smooth and flat the surface. The procedure of facing operation is sure safety
precautions are in place and select an appropriate cutting tool based on the material. Set the lathe's speed
and feed rates according to material and tool specifications, and position the tool at the starting point.
Gradually engage the workpiece while the lathe rotates, maintaining a consistent feed rate. Periodically
check the dimensions using measurement tools and adjust as necessary. Upon completion, inspect the
finished surface, remove any burrs, and clean the work area.

Figure 1.4 Facing Operation

Operation 5:
Surface Finishing:
After straight turning on work piece, we perform the surface finishing operation on
the end of work piece The procedure for surface finishing begins with thorough workpiece preparation,
involving cleaning and removal of contaminants. The next step involves selecting the most suitable
surface finishing method, whether mechanical, chemical, thermal, or coatings, each with its specific setup
and requirements. Execution of the chosen process follows, including securing the workpiece and
adhering to prescribed parameters. Regular quality control checks are essential to ensure the work piece
meets defined specifications, and additional post-finishing processes may be applied if needed. The final
step involves rigorous inspection and appropriate packaging to preserve the surface quality, readying the
work piece for its intended application.
Specifics within this procedure can vary widely, depending on the chosen surface finishing method and
materials involved.

Figure 1.5 Surface finishing Operation