YANBU INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technology

1st Semester – Academic Year 2023–24G (1445H)

COURSE CODE: ELET 201

COURSE NAME: BASIC INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS

Date Sec
Name Bandr Almalki ID Number 4310141
Lab Report # 1

BASIC OPERATION OF POWER BIPOLAR AND

Lab Title
DARLINGTON TRANSISTORS

PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY:

1. Write your name, I.D number and section number in the space provided above.
2. Submission time is One Week.
3. Pencils, Templates could be used if required to submit clean Schematic Diagrams.
4. Follow the instructions of the Lab Instructor.
5. Read the Lab Manual.

Marks Marks
Items CLOs
Assigned Attained
1 4.01 15
2
3
4
Total: 15
Instructor/s: Dr.HAYAT LIAQAT Signature:
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVE

In this lab , I will be able to switch on and off the bipolar and the Darlington
transistors using the 0 to + 10 V power source.

EQUIPMENT
1. F.A.C.E.T. Base Unit
2. POWER TRANSISTORS AND GTO THYRISTOR Circuit Board.
3. Power Supply (15 Vdc @ 1 A)
4. Multimeter
5. Dual trace oscilloscope.

PROCEDURE

Part A | Bipolar Transistor

1.Connect the POWER INPUT to the power supply ( don’t turn on the power supply )

2.Connect this circuit.

Place a jumper to connect R1 in series with R2.

Use a second jumper to short Inductor L1.

3. On the base unit, turn the positive supply control fully CW in order to obtain 0
volt at the driver output.

4. Turn on the power supply

The voltage between the point A and the common should be 0v.
The current in the base IB is almost zero.
Because that the transistor will be work in the cut off region.

5. when the transistor is off it will acts like open switch we can prove that by
measure
VCE = 15.13v
VR4 = 0v

6. Turn on the positive power supply control will increase the base current while
observing the oscilloscope between the collector and the emitter ( increase the
voltage to maximum )

• Now the transistor is ON ( it is in saturation region so it will act like close switch )

• A low voltage across the transistor it it’s the on-state voltage VCE(ON)

• The voltage between the collector an emitter measured is

VCE(ON) = 27 mV VR4 = 0.072V

7. Using the positive supply control, change the supply voltage between 0 and 10
V many times while observing the signals on the scope (V CE), notice that:-
• The transistor act as a switch controlled by the base current.
• The transistor is conducting (in the saturation region) when the current in the
base is high.
• And the transistor off when the base current is zero.

8. put the positive supply control at 1V what is the base current IB measured by
Ammeter ?
IB = 2mA

9. turn ON the positive supply control fully CW to saturate the transistor

• Let the operation a few minutes .

• when you touch the transistor will be very hot ? the answer is NO will not be
very hot .

10. put the positive supply control to obtain a voltage VCE of 7V now the
transistor operates in its linear region

• Let the operation a few minutes .

• when you touch the transistor will be very hot ? the answer is YES will be very
hot .
11. I can say now the bipolar transistor will be very hot when it is in linear region.
Part B | Darlington Transistor

1. Turn off the power supply ( don’t turn off the base unit )

2. connect the new circuit

3. On the base unit, turn the positive supply control fully CW in order to obtain 0
volt at the driver output.

4. Turn on the power supply

•The voltage between the point A and the common should be 0v.
• Is there current flow at the Darlington base (IB)? NO there are no current flow.

5. Because IB=0 the transistor will works in cut off region ( will be off) so it will act
as open switch. And we can prove that by measure.
VCE = 15.14v VR4 = 0v

6. turn on the source control CW to increase the base current observing VCE on
the scope ( increase the voltage to the maximum ).

7. the voltage measured between the collector and emitter is

VCE(ON) = 720 mV VR4 = 0.076V
8. Change the supply voltage between 0 and 10V many times will observing the
signals on the scope
• The Darlington transistor acts as a switch controlled by the base current.
• The transistor conducts (in saturation region) when the base current is
sufficiently large, and off when there is no base current.

9. put the positive supply control at 1V what is the base current IB measured by
Ammeter ?
IB = 0.4mA

10. which of the BJT or the Darlington transistor have high gain comparing with
the other one ? the Darlington transistor have high gain higher than the BJT.

REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. To turn on (in the saturation region) a bipolar, or a Darlington transistor ?

a. A voltage greater than 10V must be applied on the base.
2. In the power electronics, the bipolar transistor is mainly used
c. In saturation and in cutoff
3. To turn off the bipolar transistor
a. The base current must be stopped.
4. Why is the Darlington transistor made up of two conventional bipolar
transistors?
d. To increase the gain of the new device.
5. If a transistor is used in its linear region in power electronics
a. It will heat excessively and can even be destroyed.
Conclusion
I learn in this lab how to connect the Bipolar Transistor and Darlington Transistor
and the differences between it and the differences between the measurement .