01-Nov-2023

Planning and Scheduling

CE441B : Construction Management

Instructor: Chirag Kothari

Department of Civil Engineering
 Topics covered in this course

Setting up an Construction Contract ??

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

organization Economics management

• Lecture 1 • Lecture 3 • Lecture 5

• Lecture 2 • Lecture 4 • Lecture 6

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 2

 Topics covered in this course

Setting up an Construction Contract Project Control

organization Economics management

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• Lecture 1 • Lecture 3 • Lecture 5 • Planning
• Lecture 2 • Lecture 4 • Lecture 6 • Scheduling
• Lecture 7,8,9

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 3

Construction Planning
What? Activities involved in planning?
 Planning manager duties
Identifying activities
Defining the scope
involved –
of work
exhaustive list

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

Planning
manager

Establishing project
Updating and
duration – time &
revising plans
resources required
01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 5
 Types of Project Plans
• Time plan (scheduling)
• Total duration, relationship between activities
• Start & end of each activity
• Manpower plan

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• Workforce required, productivity
• Grouping
• Material plan
• Inventory control, procurement plan
• Plant and Machinery plan
• Rent vs purchase
• Finance plan
01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 6
 Why so much fuss? – Let’s try !
Can you estimate the total duration for this very small project?

You are tasked to construct ten identical columns of height 3m each. The site
clearance and surveying will be undertaken in two phases (Phase 1 & 2), each
taking around 2 days. The concreting of the columns in Phase 2 can only start after

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

completion in Phase 1. However, other activities in Phase 2, like surveying,
excavation, foundation shuttering, foundation reinforcement, and foundation
concreting, can be carried out after the foundations in Phase 1 are complete. The
excavation, shuttering, reinforcement, and concreting (up to 1.5 m height) for each
column will take 3 days, 4 days, 2 days, and 1 day, respectively. Formwork,
reinforcement, and concrete for each column foundation will take 1, 1, and 2 days,
respectively. Each column pour is allowed to cure for 2 days before the next pour.
Phase 1 consists of 4 columns and Phase 2 consists of 6 columns.

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 7

 Why so much fuss? – Let’s try !
Can you estimate the total duration for this very small project? (Assuming no
restriction of labor, plant, or material (LMP).

How much manpower (skilled and unskilled workers) is needed for this
project?

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

How many days will it take to complete the project if we decrease the
maximum manpower required by 10%?

So on……….

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 8

Key terminologies
Event, Activity, Dummy activity, Network diagram, Activity duration, Float
 Work-breakdown structure
• Breaking down of project into “manageable chunks”

• WBS represents “family-tree” of activities. (Useful for large projects)

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• WBS provides common framework for planning, scheduling, cost
estimating, budgeting, monitoring, reporting, directing, and controlling

• Typically,
Project > Sub-project > Work-packages > Activities & Task

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 10

 Work-breakdown structure
Definition as per PMBOK:

“a deliverable-oriented hierarchical decomposition of the work to be

executed by the project team to accomplish the project objectives and create

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

the required deliverables.

It organizes and defines the total scope of the project. Each descending level
represents an increasingly detailed definition of the project work. The WBS is
decomposed into work packages. The deliverable orientation of the hierarchy
includes both internal and external deliverables.”

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 11

 Work-breakdown structure example

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

Source : smartsheet.com
01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 12
 Event, Activity, Dummy Activity
• Event
• Point in time ;
• Say start or end of an activity

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• Activity –
• consumes finite resources to achieve specific result.
• Occurs between two events; has specific duration

• Dummy activity
• Exemption to above rules; Has zero duration
• Consumes zero resources and no tangible output

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 13

 Network diagram
• Shows logical dependence between activities

• Uses nodes and arrows to represent activities

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• Graphical representation of the project

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 14

 Network diagram – AOA vs. AON
AOA – Activity on arrow AON – Activity on node

• Activity defined using unique pair of • Duration of activity written within

nodes – Example A12 or B23 the Node

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 15
 Precedence
• Logical relationship

• Implies an activity needs one or more activity to be completed before it can

start

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• Four common types of precedence relationships
• Finish to start (FS)
• Start to start (SS)
• Finish to finish (FF)
• Start to finish (SF)

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 16

 Precedence
• Logical relationship

• Implies an activity needs one or more activity to be completed before it can

start

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

• Four common types of precedence relationships
• Finish to start (FS)
• Start to start (SS)
• Finish to finish (FF)
• Start to finish (SF)

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 17

 Example 1 – Create a Network Diagram
Activity Duration (in weeks) Preceding activity (FS)

A 4 -

B 2 A

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

C 2 B

D 7 A

E 8 C,D

F 2 E

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 18

 Example 2 – Create a Network Diagram
Activity Duration (in weeks) Preceding activity
(FS)
A 4 -
B 2 A
C 2 B, F

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

D 2 C, L
E 6 D, G, H
F 2 A
G 2 F
H 3 G, L
K 5 A
L 3 F, K
01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 19
 Example 2 - Solution

F G
2 2 H
3
E

CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur

A K L
6
4 5 3 D
2
B C
2 2

01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 20

 CE441B – 2023 - Chirag Kothari, IIT Kanpur
01-Nov-2023 Construction Planning & Scheduling – Part 1 21