8.

Sample Test/Examination Questions on Gases

1. CH110 Sessional Examination, December 2010. Question Four.

(a) Identify two conditions that are always present in a reaction at equilibrium? [2]
(b) From the general equation given below, write down the expression for the equilibrium
constant; aA(aq) + bB(s) cC(aq) + dD(l) [2]
Δn
(c) Using the ideal gas equation, show that Kp=Kc( RT ) [3]
where Kp is the equilibrium constant using partial pressure of species, K c is the
equilibrium constant using concentrations of species, and Δn is the difference in
number of moles between products and reactants.
(d) In the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen, Kc is 9.60 at 300oC. Calculate
Kp for the reaction at 300 oC, given that all species are in gas phase. (Gas
constant=0.0821 L.atm.mol-1 K-1) [3]
(e) At 440oC the equilibrium constant for the reaction

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)

is 49.5. If 0.400 mole of H 2 and 0.300 mole of I2 are placed into a 5.0 dm-3 vessel and
permitted to react at this temperature, what will be the concentration of each
substance at equilibrium? [3]

(f) What is the molar solubility of PbI 2 in 0.10 M Pb(NO3)2 solution? Given that lead iodide,
Ksp=1.4 x 10-8. [3]
(g) State Le Chatelier’s principle [1]
(h) Indicate how each of the following changes affects the amount of H2 in the system
below for which
ΔH reaction = +41 kJ.

H2(g) + CO2(g) H2O(g) + CO(g)

(i) Addition of a catalyst
(ii) Increase in temperature
(iii) Decrease in the volume of the container [3]
2. CH110 Sessional Examination, 2006. Q6uestion Five.
(a) For the equilibrium
CH3OH(g) CO(g) + 2H2(g)
At 275 C, Kp is 1.14 x 102 atm2 calculate the value of K and determine the values of K and
o

Kp for the reverse reaction at 275oC [6]

(b) A mixture of 0.0080 mol SO2(g) and 0.0056 mole of O2(g) is placed in a one liter container
at 1000K. When equilibrium is established, 0.0040 mol SO3(g) is present
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g)
What are the equilibrium concentrations of SO 2(g) and O2(g) and determine the value of K p
for the equilibrium at 1000K [6]

CH110 GENERAL CHEMISTRY for Maths & Science, Metallurgy and Mining 2011 Group: Page 1 of 3
 8. Sample Test/Examination Questions on Gases

(c) In a 0.25 M solution of benzyl amine (C 7H7NH2) the concentration of OH- is 2.4 x 10-3 M.
What is the ionization constant for this weak base, the reaction is
+
C7H7NH2 + H2O C 7 H 7 NH 3 + OH- [3]
(d) What are the limitations of the Bronstead-Lowry concept? [2]
(e) Calculate the pH of a buffered solution containing 0.25 M acetic acid and 0.10 M
sodium acetate. [3]
3. CH110 Sessional Examination, December, 2009. Question Eight.
CO2(g) + H2(g) CO(g) + 2H2O(g) Kp = 0.72 at 1273 K

(a) If 1 mol of CO2(g) and 1 mol of H2(g) are mixed at this temperature, what will be the
composition of the equilibrium mixture? [5]
(b) What would be the composition of the equilibrium mixture if 10 mol of CO 2(g) were
mixed with 1 mole of H2(g)? [5]
(c) Does your result agree with Le Chatelier’s principle? If so, how? If not, why not? [5]
4. CH110 Sessional Examination, February 2008. Question Four.
(a) The Haber process is used to produce ammonia according to the following reaction
3H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g)
The following equilibrium concentrations were observed at 127oC.
[NH3] = 3.1 x 10-2 mol/L
[N2] = 8.5 x 10-1 mol/L
[H2] = 3.1 x 10-3 mol/L
(i) Calculate the value of K at 127oC for the reaction. [3]
o
(ii) Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant at 127 C for the reverse reaction
[1]
(iii) Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant at 127 oC for the reaction given by
the equation
1 3
N 2( g ) H 2( g )
2 + 2 CO2(g) + H2(g) [2]
(b) The relationship between equilibrium constant in concentration (K c) and the equilibrium
constant in partial pressure (Kp) is given by
K p =K c ( RT )Δn( g )
The reaction
CO( g )+H 2 O( g ) CO 2( g)+ H 2( g)
is used industrially as a source of hydrogen. The value of K c for the reaction at 500oC is
4.05. What is the value of Kp at this temperature? [2]
(c) Arrhenius defines an acid as a substance that produces hydrogen ions in aqueous
solution and a base as a substance that produces hydroxide ions in solution.

CH110 GENERAL CHEMISTRY for Maths & Science, Metallurgy and Mining 2011 Group: Page 2 of 3
 8. Sample Test/Examination Questions on Gases

(i) Using a chemical equation, show why hydrogen chloride in water can be
considered an acid [2]
(ii) Explain at least two limitations to the Arrhenius definition of an acid and a base [2]
(iii) Define an acid and base according to Bronsted and Lowry [2]
(d) Calculate the pH of a 5.0 x 10-4 M solution of NaOH [3]
(e) Explain the terms weak and strong acid. For each give an example. [3]

CH110 GENERAL CHEMISTRY for Maths & Science, Metallurgy and Mining 2011 Group: Page 3 of 3