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 PRACTICE BOOK» NOT FOR SALE
Contents

1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
 1. WESTERN POLITICAL

NARAYAN CHANGDER
THOUGHT

1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT

1. What do we call the revolution that ended B. Renaissance
with William and Mary signing the English C. Reformation
Bill of Rights?
D. Roman Catholic Church
A. The English Revolution
5. What is a republic?
B. The Glorious Revolution
A. A government in which citizens elect
C. The American Revolution
leaders who make government decisions.
D. The William and Mary Revolution
B. A government in which citizens rule di-
2. According to Hobbes, what is the fun- rectly and not through representatives.
damental motive that drives human be- C. A government in which one person
haviour? rules.
A. Altruism D. A government in which the noble class
B. Fear and self-preservation rules.
C. Social contract 6. Under 18 years old Citizen Responsibilities
D. Religious morality (Click all that apply.)
A. Attend and do well in school
3. Which of the following is NOT a Roman
B. Obey rules and laws
contribution to Western Political Thought?
C. Be respectful of others
A. The Republic System
D. Help one’s family
B. The Senate
E. Pay taxes
C. The Magna Carta
D. A Written Code of Laws 7. What role did Cleisthenes play in develop-
ing democracy?
4. Martin Luther was the leader of the A. Balance the power of the rich and
A. Church of England poor.

1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. A 6. B 6. C 6. D 7. A
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 3

B. Paid jurors. B. businessmen

C. Outlawed slavery based on debt. C. individual states

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D. Establish four classes of citizenship. D. elected officials
8. Both the Ten Commandments and Twelve 13. Which of the following is a cause of the
Tables are examples of the importance of French Revolution?
central democratic idea of
A. Louis XVI was a strong and dedicated
A. Individual morality. leader
B. The written law. B. The election for the new king was
C. Religious principles in law. rigged
D. Authority of a ruler. C. There was social imbalance within the
country
9. Who sowed the seed of French Revolu-
tion? D. The king was unhappy and led a revo-
lut in France
A. Thomas Hopes
B. John lok 14. Only were considered citizens who
lived in Greece.
C. Rousseau Rosa
A. Free men
D. Herodotus Herodotus
B. Free children
10. According to Aristotle, what is the highest
C. Enslaved men
good that humans should aim for in life?
D. Free women
A. Pleasure
B. Power 15. How are powers divided in the federal sys-
tem?
C. Happiness (Eudaimonia)
D. Wealth A. The power is divided between the
house of commons and house of lords.
11. What is the definition of popular B. The power is divided among the judi-
sovereignty? cial, legislative, and executive branches.
A. A sudden change in the political, social, C. The power is divided between the
or economic structure of a society monarchy and the parliament.
B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to D. The power is divided between a central
one’s own nation and state governments.
C. A period of intellectual and philosophi-
cal exploration 16. Which was the famous book written by
Voltaire? What is the name of the main
D. The authority of the people to rule their
book written by Walter?
own country
A. Social contracts
12. The U.S. Constitution has influenced many
B. Candid
nations around the world because it pro-
vides great care for who? C. Das Capital
A. Individuals D. Economics

8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. A 17. B 17. C
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 4

17. Being an informed citizen means (Click all A. Voting

that apply.) B. Obeying the law
A. Make your concerns known to those of- C. Taking care of yourself
ficials
D. Paying taxes
B. Make yourself aware of the issues in
an election E. Serving on a jury

C. Make yourself aware of the positions 22. What is the definition of self-

held by the candidates running for office
D. Tell the officials all the bad things they
are doing.
18. According to Judaism, prophets are?
A. The Old Testament of the Christian
Bible
B. Messengers from God
C. Elected church officials
D. Rich, landowners
NARAYAN CHANGDER
determination?
A. A sudden change in the political, social,
or economic structure of a society
B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to
one’s own nation
C. A period of intellectual and philosophi-
cal exploration
D. The right of the people of a nation to
choose their own government and eco-
nomic system

19. What cultural movement caused people to 23. Democracy means

seek more education, become more individ- A. Rule by ManyRule by People
ualistic, and sparked a renewed interest in
B. Rule by one
classical Greek culture?
C. Rule by king
A. Aristocracy
D. Rule by Queen
B. Renaissance
C. Reformation 24. Which form of government is ruled by the
citizens?
D. Senatory
A. Monarchy
20. Bharati’s meeting with which Swami B. Representative
Vivekananda’s disciple, added women’s
rights to his already wide repertoire of so- C. Aristocracy
cial issues? D. Oligarchy
A. Sri Sarada Devi (Holy Mother) 25. They did not want the old order to change
B. Sister Nivedita transform rapidly.
C. Sister Christine A. liberals
D. Mother Teresa B. radicals

21. As a citizen in a democracy, you have im- C. conservatives

portant responsibilities. These responsibil-
ities fall into two categories-personal and
community. Which of these are examples
of community responsibilities? Click all
that apply.
D. soldiers
26. Which of these was a result in Europe due
to the fall of Rome?
A. the decline of Christianity

18. B 19. B 20. B 21. A 21. B 21. D 21. E 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 5

B. the lack of a central government 32. What impact does Thomas Paine have on
C. an end to attacks by barbarians the American Revolution?

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D. the growth of a strong economy

27. What was the final outcome of the French

Revolution?
A. the declaration of the Edict of Nantes
B. Napoleon naming himself Emperor of
France
C. unification of French city states
D. the restoration of Louis XVI
A. he persuades the colonists to rebel
28. Why were the 12 Tables important? B. he persuades the colonists to remian
A. First written collection of Roman Law loyal
B. Gave citizens the right to be protected C. he persuades the colonists to immi-
by the laws grate to England
C. Later used as a guide on law through- D. none of above
out western Europe
33. The Protestant religion was started
D. All answers are correct
A. when Martin Luther decided to chal-
29. What was the title of Machiavelli’s hand- lenge the Catholic Church
book for politicians? B. when Martin Luther decided to chal-
A. The Kingmaker lenge the Roman Republic
B. The Dictator C. when King John decided to challenge
the religious noble class
C. The Prince
D. when King John decided to challenge
D. The Villain
the Church of England
30. The type of government developed in
34. Which form of government had a ruler who
Athens, which all citizens taking part, is
claimed divine right (chosen by God)?
known as
A. Oligarchy
A. A democracy.
B. Tyranny
B. An aristocracy.
C. Monarchy
C. An oligarchy.
D. Direct Democracy
D. A monarchy.
35. Which of the following statements is/are
31. First paper in Tamil Nadu to publish politi- correct with respect to Singaravelar? 1.
cal cartoons He took major efforts in the emergence
A. Vijaya of Labour organizations in Madras presi-
B. Young India dency2. He was in the forefront of Self re-
spect movement & also wrote in Periyar’s
C. India Republic magazine3. He took to Jainism,
D. Swadesamitran seeing it as weapon agst untouchability

27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B

1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 6

A. All of the above 39. What do we call the age where Pericles
ruled over Greece?
B. 1 & 2 only
A. A dictatorship
C. 1 only
B. The Golden Age
D. 2 & 3 only
C. The Dark Ages
36. Our democratic heritage is derived from all D. A constitutional monarchy
the following except

A. Romans.
B. Hebrews.
C. Greeks.
D. Egyptians.
37. What is the definition of revolution?
A. A sudden change in the political, social,
or economic structure of a society
B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to
one’s own nation
C. A period of intellectual and philosophi-
cal exploration
D. The authority of a state or nation to
govern itself independently
NARAYAN CHANGDER
40. The workers in the industrial revolution
were
A. paid low wages
B. lived in squalor and filth
C. worked in terrible conditions
D. worked very long hours
41. When a country‘s constitution requires the
branches of government to remain inde-
pendent of each other, it is adhering to the
constitutional principle of
A. Popular Sovereignty.
B. Separation of Powers.
C. Federalism.
D. Direct Democracy.

38. Identify the personality. 42. What is the central theme of De

Monarchina
A. Monarchy
B. Aristocracy

43. In what year did Machiavelli write The

Prince?
A. 1315
B. 1513
C. 1530
D. 1615

44. As a citizen in a democracy, you have im-

A. Socrates portant responsibilities. These responsibil-
ities fall into two categories-personal and
B. Plato
community. Which of these are examples
C. Aristotle of personal responsibilities?
D. Alexander A. Taking care of yourself

36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A 40. B 40. C 40. D 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A
44. B 44. C 44. D
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 7

B. Helping your family 50. Paying salaries to public officials of Athens

C. Knowing right from wrong meant that

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D. Behaving respectfully A. Any citizen could afford to hold public
office.
E. Obeying the law
B. Corruption in government increased.
45. Most of the people of France belonged to
C. Officials could become rich through
the
public service.
A. 1st Estate
D. Wealthy citizens no longer sought pub-
B. 2nd Estate lic office.
C. 3rd Estate
51. What was Aristotle’s most famous work,
D. 4th Estate in which he addressed topics ranging from
metaphysics to ethics?
46. This country experienced industrial revolu-
tion first! A. Nicomachean Ethics
A. France B. Politics
B. Spain C. Metaphysics
C. USA D. Poetics
D. England 52. Voltaire was an English Philosopher
47. According to Rousseau, sovereignty in the A. True Correct
social contract belongs to: B. False is false
A. The monarch
53. Political Thought:Divine Right is the doc-
B. The people as a whole trine that men derive their authority from
C. The aristocracy God, not from their subjects, from which it
D. The clergy follows that rebellion is the worst of polit-
ical crimes.
48. Like the Athinian’s, the Romans estab-
A. True
lished a government made up of separate
branches, including a , which controlled B. False
foreign and financial policies.
54. What do we call the group of elected rep-
A. Senate. resentatives that was set up by clause 12
B. President. of Magna Carta and is in charge of making
laws in England?
C. Supreme Court.
A. The Parliament
D. Monarch.
B. The Senate
49. A king gave his most important lords fiefs,
C. The Socratic
which were
A. grants of land D. The Piraeus

B. large celebrations 55. Arthashastra was written by

C. war horses A. Kautilya
D. market licenses B. Aristotle

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 8

56. Japan has government. C. The rights to freedom of speech, reli-

A. monarchy gion, and assembly

B. democratic D. The rights to vote, run for office, and

participate in government
C. dictatorship
D. all of these 62. Which was NOT a reform of Solon?
A. Outlawing slavery
57. these groups supported religious tolerance
B. Increasing participation in govern-

A. conservatives
B. radicals
C. liberals
D. liberals and radicals
58. 18 and over responsibilities of citizens
(Click all that apply.)
A. Defend the country
B. Serve on a jury
C. Stay informed about issues
D. Pay taxes
E. Vote
59. Which of these was a result of the fall of
Rome?
A. the decline of Christianity
B. an end to attacks by barbarians
C. the lack of a central government
D. the growth of a strong economy
60. Greek philosophy influenced Roman rule
by emphasizing
A. The importance of political power.
B. The need for a stronger army.
C. The need for justice and reason and
governing.
NARAYAN CHANGDER
ment
C. Jury trials
D. Canceling farmer debts
63. The Glorious Revolution can best be de-
scribed as
A. A bloodless revolution which resulted
in the signing of the English Bill of Rights
B. A violent revolution which resulted in
the capture and death of King Charles
C. The bloodless revolution which re-
sulted in King John signing the Habeas
Corpus
D. The violent revolution which resulted
in the signing of the declaration of inde-
pendence
64. Consider the following statements regard-
ing Singaravelar & choose the correct
ones:1. In 1925, he organized the 1st
May Day celebrations in Chennai2. He
was called as the 1st communist of south
India.
A. 1 only
B. 2 only
C. Both 1 & 2
D. Neither 1 nor 2

D. The importance of individual achieve- 65. Augustine’s concept of original sin is

ment. rooted in the story of:

61. What are natural rights? A. Adam and Eve

A. The rights to life, liberty, and property B. Moses and the burning bush

B. The rights to education, healthcare, C. Abraham and Isaac

and employment D. Noah’s Ark

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 9

66. What made politics so dangerous during 71. Renaissance comes from the French word
the Renaissance in Italy? meaning?

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A. Many Italian politicians died violent A. Knowledge
deaths during this period. B. Rebirth
B. Duels were common between politi- C. Truth
cians.
D. Logic
C. Jousting was a common sport of the
ruling class. 72. What term do we use for the English laws
that eventually came together under one
D. Italian rulers were often overthrown united legal system?
by their own people.
A. The 10 Commandments
67. In Machiavelli’s opinion, which of these B. Supreme Law
rulers was particularly effective?
C. Common Law
A. Giovanni de Medici of Italy D. Cabeas Horpus
B. Louis XIV of France
73. Who believe that in an adult ideal soci-
C. Isabella of Castile ety the government should be controlled
D. Ferdinand of Spain by class of philosopher kings?
A. Mohammed
68. Tamil Nadu to celebrate Periyar’s (1879-
B. Plato
1973) birthday as ‘Social Justice Day’ on
C. Moses
A. December 25
D. Socrates
B. September 16
C. September 17 74. What Hebrew code focused more on moral-
ity and ethics and less on politics?
D. December 24
A. Roman law.
69. During the Renaissance people were inter- B. Divine right.
ested in which classical culture? C. Petition of right.
A. Greek D. The 10 Commandments.
B. Roman
75. What part of Roman government did Poly-
C. English bius state as the most important, as it was
the one left for the people?
D. French
A. The Senate
70. Social class in the Middle Ages was deter- B. The Magistrates
mined mainly by
C. The Consuls
A. birth
D. The Assemblies
B. religion
76. Which of the following quotes MOST
C. wealth
CLEARLY reveals Machiavelli’s pessimistic
D. education (negative) view of humanity?

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 10

A. “It is necessary for a prince to under-
stand how to use the methods of the beast
and the man.”
B. “Fear preserved you by a fear of pun-
ishment that never fails.”
C. “In general men are ungrateful, fickle,
false, cowards, covetous.”
81. What form of government is based on the
idea that people can govern themselves?
A. Absolute Rule.
B. Constitutional Monarchy.
C. Democracy.
D. Dictatorship.
82. What does the saying “the end justify the

NARAYAN CHANGDER
D. “It is much safer to be feared than
loved.” means” mean?
A. Doing the right thing even when others
77. Which form of government was the earli- around you are not.
est in Greece?
B. Bad things can be done if it leads to a
A. monarchy good outcome.
B. aristocracy C. Make sure you finish what you start.
C. oligarchy D. Try not to take more than you need.
D. direct democracy 83. Which of the following was NOT part of
78. A group of elected representatives in Eng- the written Roman Legal Code?
land that makes laws is known as? A. The Novellae
A. Senate B. The Inquirer
B. Congress C. The Digest
C. Parliament D. The Code
D. Representative 84. Where was Rousseau born? ���� ����� ��������
A. France
79. What civilization had the distinction of be-
ing the first democracy? B. England
A. The Ancient Greeks C. America
B. The Ancient Romans D. Switzerland
C. The Ancient Protestants 85. Which (original) Enlightenment thinker in-
D. The Ancient Republicans fluenced the writing of the Dec of Indepen-
dence?
80. The Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights
can best be described as
A. Weapons that brought peace to the
people of England
B. Weapons that improved war battle
methods
C. Documents that take power from the
people and give it to the monarchy
D. Documents that limit the power of the
monarchy

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 11

A. Carl Marx 90. The Romans demonstrated their respect

for the democratic principles of justice and
B. John Locke
reason by hearing to written laws known

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C. Thomas Paine as the
D. Thomas Jefferson A. Twelve Tables.
B. Constitution.
86. What is the definition of nationalism?
C. Magna Carta.
A. A sudden change in the political, social,
or economic structure of a society D. Ten Commandments.
B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to 91. The religion founded by Jesus is and added
one’s own nation new ideas to Judiasm
C. A period of intellectual and philosophi- A. Christianity
cal exploration
B. Buddhism
D. The authority of a state or nation to
govern itself independently C. Islam
D. Judaism
87. According Plato, the ruling class would be
made of 92. Voltaire was born in France
A. The upper class A. True Correct
B. Leaders chosen by God B. False is false
C. Dictator monarchs
93. What religious movement caused people
D. Philosopher kings in Europe to question monarchs, The Pope,
and The Catholic Church?
88. Who was the disciple of Plato? �����������������
����? A. The Renaissance

A. Karl Marx B. The Magna Carta

B. Aristotle C. The Reformation

C. Rousseau Rousseau D. The Scientific Revolution

D. Kabir 94. Consider the following events of Bharathi-

89. What is the concept of general will?
A. The common good comes before indi-
vidual interests
B. The government should have limited in-
tervention in the economy
C. Political power should rest with the
people
D. The right of a group of people to
choose their own political systems
yar & choose the correct year of hap-
pening:Event 1:In Madras, he organised
a public meeting to celebrate ‘Swaraj
Day’Event 2:He published “Sudesa
Geethangal”Event 3:He escaped to
Pondicherry, a French territory
A. 1909
B. 1910
C. 1907
D. 1908

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 12

95. In Judeo-Christian tradition: , (related 100. Which form of government does not in-
bloodline), were subject (had to obey) to volve rule by a group?
God’s law.
A. Monarchy
A. Citizens
B. Aristocracy
B. Tyrants
C. Oligarchy
C. Rulers (kings, monarchs)
D. Democracy
D. Nobles

96. One characteristic that the Greeks, Ro-
mans, Christians, and Jewish people all
had in common was
A. They each stressed challenging author-
ity and questioning rulers
B. They each respected the idea of Free-
dom of Religion
C. They each stressed respect for individ-
ualism in society
D. They each were Christian based soci-
eties
NARAYAN CHANGDER
101. These groups supported an independent
judiciary
A. radicals
B. liberals and conservatives
C. liberals and radicals
D. liberals
102. “Unalienable rights” are similar to which
of the following ideas?

97. What was the work written by Rousseau

What is the name of the book written by
Rousseau?
A. Das capital
B. Social contracts A. right to rebel
C. Equality B. natural rights
D. History ������ C. popular sovereignty
98. Where was Voltaire born? D. none of above
A. France
103. What are natural rights and how should
B. Italy these rights be protected, according to the
C. America US Constitution?
D. Japan A. The right to be selfish and ambitious
protected by social contract.
99. Name the contribution of King Henry II to
B. The right to life liberty and property
the legal system of England.
protected by forming governments.
A. Jury Trial
C. The right to overthrow a government
B. The Magna Carta protected by the Constitution.
C. The English Bill of Rights D. The right to freedom of religion and
D. Habeas Corpus speech protected by a republic.

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 13

104. Direct Democracy can be best described C. protection of private property

as D. preservation of the monarchy

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A. A system of government in which each
citizen voted for everything 109. In which form of government did social
status play a role?
B. A system of government in which citi-
zens elected representatives
C. A system of government in which god
picked the best leaders
D. A system of government in which the
Pope made big decisions

105. How did the Hebrew code of justice differ

from the other lock code’s of the time? A. Oligarchy
A. The Hebrew code was strict and op-
B. Direct Democracy
pressive.
C. Monarchy
B. Hebrew code focused more on moral-
ity and ethics. D. Aristocracy
C. The Hebrew code focused only on pol- 110. Who was the teacher of Plato? Who is
itics and economic issues. Plato’s teacher?
D. The Hebrew coach did not focus on in-
A. Aristotle
dividual.
B. Socrates
106. What city-state employed Machiavelli as
C. Karl Mars
an ambassador?
A. Rome D. Machiavelli Machiavelli

B. Genoa 111. What was Rome’s influence on govern-

C. Venice
D. Florence
107. In which one of the following Newspa-
pers / Journals was Bharathiyar not as-
sociated?
A. Bala Bharata
B. New India
C. India
D. suryothayam
108. The United States Bill of Rights and the
French Declaration of the Rights of Man
and Citizen reflect a shared concern for
A. physical elimination of the ruling class
B. confiscation of church property
ment and democracy?
A. Rome gave the world the idea of a re-
public.
B. Rome adopted the idea that individuals
were citizens not subjects.
C. Rome left it’s written legal code and
the idea of equal an impartial justice.
D. All of these are true.
112. In which forms of government was ruled
based at least partially on wealth?
A. Oligarchy and monarchy.
B. Democracy and aristocracy.
C. Aristocracy and oligarchy.
D. Monarchy and aristocracy.

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT
113. What did the Senate control in Ancient
Rome?
A. Finances and Foreign Affairs
B. Taxes and the Military
C. All citizens
D. All government decisions
114. According to Machiavelli, what is the pri-
mary concern of a ruler?
A. Moral righteousness
B. The welfare of the people
C. The preservation of power
D. Religious conformity
115. Greek city-states began to form govern-
ment ruled by the people, or by
A. Cities
B. Aristocracies
C. Tyrants
D. Democracies
116. Laws are made by the
A. government
B. people
C. companies
D. all of these
117. An important Greco-Roman contribution
to western political thought is:
A. Laws should be written down
B. Laws should apply equally to all citi-
zens
C. Laws should only apply to landowners
D. Laws should only apply to the wealthy
118. How did the U.S. Constitution set up a
strong but not tyrannical government?
A. They set up a representative govern-
ment, created a federal system, and bal-
ance the powers.
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B. They set up a direct democracy in
which all citizens can vote.
C. They set up a union of states that lim-
ited the federal government.
D. They set up a social contract in which
people agreed to be ruled in order to pre-
vent disorder.
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119. Where did the Renaissance begin?
A. France
B. Greece
C. Italy
D. England
120. After the reforms of Sloan and Cleis-
thenes, Athens was the democracy in all
the following ways except
A. All the citizens were responsible for
justice.
B. Women had no political rights.
C. The council of 500 could propose laws.
D. All male citizens could attend assem-
bly.
121. According to Locke, the purpose of gov-
ernment is to:
A. Preserve absolute monarchy
B. Protect natural rights and promote the
common good
C. Enforce religious conformity
D. Suppress individual liberties
122. Machiavelli’s famous phrase “the ends
justify the means” reflects his views on:a)
b) c) d)
A. Moral virtue
B. Political expediency
C. Social justice
D. Religious piety
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT
123. This group wanted complete control over
polity and economy. In the hands of a few,
they said.
A. radicals
B. liberals
C. conservatives
D. workers
124. What was the work written by Plato?
What is the name of the book written by
Plato?
A. Republic
B. Mathematics
C. Justice����
D. Social contracts
125. The revolutionaries wanted
A. a revolution and a new government
B. a revolution and chaos
C. a revolution and a new nation where
citizens enjoy equal rights
D. to blow up palaces!
126. Why was Machiavelli forced into exile
from Florence?
A. He tried to overthrow the government
and take over.
B. A French invasion toppled the govern-
ment in Florence that he worked for.
C. His ideas were unpopular with the
politicians of the time.
D. He was a convicted criminal.
127. After the Fall of Rome, what events led
to the rise of feudalism?
A. Development of farming
B. Expansion of freedoms
C. Rise in prosperity
D. Increase in attacks
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128. Which Greek city-state was the largest
and most powerful?
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A. Athens.
B. Macedonia.
C. Sicily.
D. Sparta.
129. A citizen is
A. a person who owes allegiance to a
country
B. a person who is loyal to the flag
C. a person who is obedient to the presi-
dent
D. none of above
130. What is the definition of enlightenment?
A. A sudden change in the political, social,
or economic structure of a society
B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to
one’s own nation
C. A period of intellectual and philosophi-
cal exploration
D. The authority of a state or nation to
govern itself independently
131. Aristotle wanted to reduce government
corruption and oppression by
A. establishing a democracy
B. letting women vote
C. uniting the city states
D. combining democracy with monarchy
and aristocracy
132. How does an aristocracy differ from an
oligarchy?
A. A. Aristocracies are governed by
wealthy landowner and hereditary.
B. B. Oligarchies are ruled by a small
group of citizens.
C. C. Aristocracies are governed by all cit-
izens based on birth rate.
D. Both A&B are true.
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT
133. One important similarity between the
American Revolution and the French Rev-
olution is that they both
A. challenged monarchical governments
B. resulted in the abolition of slavery
C. resulted in the abolition of class divi-
sions in society
D. enabled women to achieve political
equality with men
134. This group said that labour, enterprise
and hard work of ALL the people must be
valued and recognised
A. conservatives
B. all liberals
C. radical
D. some liberals and all radicals
135. Political Thought:Liberty means
A. Freedom
B. power or right to act, speak, or think
as one wants without hindrance or re-
straint:
C. the power to determine action without
restraint
D. none of above
136. Political Thought:Equality means (Click all
that apply.)
A. the state of being equal, especially in
status, rights, and opportunities:
B. fairness
C. inequality
D. none of above
137. What motivated Machiavelli to write The
Prince?
A. He wanted to gain favour with the new
rulers in Florence and win back his job.
B. He was hoping to gain fortune and
fame from publishing it.
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C. He was asked to write it by the rulers
of Florence.
D. He was planning to take over the
world, and his book was step 1.
138. Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian tradi-
tions share an emphasis on?
A. wealth
NARAYAN CHANGDER
B. moral behavior
C. salvation
D. political participation
139. In which forms of government did heredi-
tary play no role in the selection of rulers?
A. Monarchy and oligarchy.
B. Aristocracy and monarchy.
C. Oligarchy and aristocracy.
D. Democracy and oligarchy.
140. This group supported women’s right to
vote
A. liberals
B. radicals
C. conservatives
D. royalists
141. According to Machiavelli, was it better
for a leader to be feared or loved?
A. Feared-because it is safer for them.
B. Loved-because it lasts.
142. Where was Aristotle born? Where was
Aristotle born?
A. Athens
B. Rome
C. France
D. Italy
143. Followers of Judaism believe that God
gives each person the choice between?
A. Good and evil
1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 17

B. Chicken or beef 149. In Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave, “ what

do the shadows on the cave wall repre-
C. Life and death
sent?

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D. Belief or non-belief
A. Illusions and false beliefs
144. Who is called as father of philosophy? B. Ultimate reality
Who is called father of philosophy? C. Physical objects in the cave
A. Aristotle Aristotle D. Enlightenment
B. Plato Plato
150. How did Pericles decision to increase the
C. Monstesauie Montesquieu number of paid public officials and paid ju-
D. Socrates rors affect democracy in Greece?
A. It allowed for citizens to participate in
145. Government Responsibilities (Choose all government.
that apply.)
B. They gave more power to earth to the
A. To give you a thousands dollars aristocracy.
B. Provide security C. It allowed even the lowest class of cit-
C. Furnish the services that keep a county izens to vote in the assembly.
running D. It gave the lower class citizens the
D. Protect the rights of citizens power to set up the Senate.

151. Name the political thinker whose quote

146. According to Islam, rulers must follow the
is mentioned in the picture?
same rules as
A. Karl Marx
A. Everybody else
B. B. Stinson
B. Other world leaders
C. C. Bing
C. Nobody, they are above the law
D. John Rawls
D. Other nobles Explanation:The thinker was closely asso-
ciated with the famous German philoso-
147. How did government in Athens evolve? pher Friedrich Engels.
A. From a monarchy to aristocracy.
152. What was the main cause for the signing
B. From an aristocracy to a democracy. of the Magna Carta?
C. From a city state to an oligarchy. A. King John raised taxes on the nobels
D. From an oligarchy to democracy. B. King John gave his father’s home to
the Germans
148. In Judeo-Christian tradition, what are the
responsibilities of every person? C. King John did not want to be King
D. King John requested that the people
A. Help others in need
have more rights
B. Help the community
153. Bharathiyar participated in which of
C. Help only themselves
these Indian National Congress sessions?
D. Help the animals 1. Benaras Session (1905)2. Calcutta

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 18

Session (1906)3. Surat Session (1907)4. C. The king and queen could not stop
Madras Session (1908) protesters
A. 1 & 2 only D. The king and queen could not raise
B. 1 & 3 only taxes

C. 2 & 4 only 158. What is Plato’s ideal form of government,

as described in The Republic?
D. 3 & 4 only
A. Democracy

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154. King John was forced to sign this after
B. Oligarchy
failing to raise taxes on his nobles
C. Aristocracy
A. The Magna Carta
D. Monarchy
B. The English Bill of Rights
C. The Common Law 159. What form of government is based on
the idea that people (citizens) can govern
D. The Impressive Charter themselves?
155. The Ten Commandments most important
contribution to Western Political Thought
is
A. The value it places on each church
B. The acknowledgement of a supreme
God
C. The doctrine of freedom of religion in A. Monarchy
the U.S.
B. Aristocracy
D. The idea of written laws that individu-
als can follow C. Oligarchy
D. Democracy
156. In which book did Greek philosopher Aris-
totle explain the best rulers would be the 160. Judeo-Christian ethics in the ancient
well-educated middle class because they world emphasizes
can see both sides of an issue? A. Proper Behavior.
A. Divine Right B. Crimes and Punishment.
B. Poetics C. Ways to worship God.
C. Direct Democracy D. Money.
D. Politics
161. What is the definition of liberalism?
157. Which of the following is NOT one of the A. A political philosophy that says people
important limits on the monarchy created should be as free as possible from the gov-
by the English Bill of Rights? ernment
A. The king and queen could not mess B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to
with laws one’s own nation
B. The king and queen could not sell indul- C. A period of intellectual and philosophi-
gences cal exploration

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1.1 WESTERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 19

D. The authority of a state or nation to B. A strong sense of pride and loyalty to

govern itself independently one’s own nation

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162. What is the definition of conservatism? C. A period of intellectual and philosophi-
A. A sudden change in the political, social, cal exploration
or economic structure of a society D. The authority of a state or nation to
B. a political philosophy based on tradi- govern itself independently
tion, favoring obedience to political au-
thority 164. One of the main things that the French
C. A period of intellectual and philosophi- Revolution encouraged people to do was
cal exploration to
D. The authority of a state or nation to A. dance
govern itself independently
B. eat
163. What is the definition of sovereignty?
C. think
A. A sudden change in the political, social,
or economic structure of a society D. compose music

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