ENGLISH STRUCTURES

TENSE AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION SHORT ANSWER

Present Am am not Am
“Verb to be” (is,am,are) S + is + C S + isn’t + C Is + S + C? -Yes, I am
Soy/estoy are aren’t Are -No, I am not
Present Simple Present S + don’t + simple. verb+ C
(do, does, “S”) S + Simple + C doesn’t Do + S + Simple. + C? -Yes, I do
Corro, grita, decimos verb Does verb -No, I don’t
Present Progressive S + am + ing. + C S + am not + ing. + C Am + S + ing. + C? -Yes, I am
(Is, am, are + ING) is verb isn’t verb Is verb -No, I am not
Estoy corriendo, esta gritando, estamos are aren´t Are
diciendo
Past S + was + C S + wasn’t + C Was + S + C? -Yes, I was
“Verb to be” were weren’t Were -No, I was not
(was-were) Era, Fuí, estuve, estaba)
Past Simple S + Past + C
(Did, didn’t, Past form of the verb.) Verb S + didn’t + simple. + C Did + S + simple. + C? -Yes, I did
Corrí, gritó, dijímos) verb verb -No, I didn’t
Past Progressive S + was + ing. + C S + wasn’t + ing. + C Was + S + ing. + C? -Yes, I was
(was, were + ING) were verb weren’t verb Were verb -No, I was not
Estaba/Estuve corriendo, estaba/estuvo gritando,
estábamos/estuvimos diciendo)
Present Perfect Simple S + have + PPV + C S + haven’t + PPV+ C Have + S + PPV+ C? -Yes, I have
(have/has + past participle verb) has hasn’t Has -No, I haven’t
He corrido, ha gritado, hemos dicho
Past Perfect Simple S + had + PPV + C S + hadn’t + PPV + C Had + S + PPV + C? -Yes, I had
(had + Past participle verb) -No, I hadn’t
Había corrido, había gritado, hemos dicho
Uncertain Future S + will + simple. + C S + won’t + simple. + C Will + S + simple. + C? -Yes, I will
(will, won’t + Simple form verb) Verb verb verb -No, I won’t
Correré, gritará, dirémos
Idiomatic Future (be going to) S + am + going to + simple. + C S + am not + going to + simple. + Am + S + going to + simple. + -Yes, I am
(Is, am, are + going to + simple form verb) is verb isn’t verb C? -No, I am not
Voy a correr, va a gritar, vamos a decir. are aren’t Is verb
Are
Present Perfect Progressive S + have + been + ing. + C S + haven’t + been + ing. + C Have + S + been + ing. + C -Yes, I have
(have, has + Past participle verb) has verb hasn´t verb Has verb -No, I haven’t
He estado corriendo, ha estado gritando, hemos
estado diciendo.
Past Perfect Progressive S + had + been + ing. + C S + hadn´t + been + ing. + C Had + S + been + ing. + C? -Yes, I had
(had + past participle verb) verb verb verb -No, I hadn’t
Había estado corriendo, había estado gritando,
habíamos estado diciendo
Uncertain Future Perfect S + will + have + PPV + C S + won’t+ have + PPV + C Won’t+ S + have + PPV + C? -Yes, I will
Habré corrido, habrá gritado, habremos dicho. -No, I won’t
Modals S + modal + simple. verb + C S+ modal + not + simple. verb + C Modal + S + simple. verb + C? -Yes, I modal ´+
(Might, May, Must, Could, Should, Can, Would, simple verb form.
Ought to, Shall) -No, I negative
modal + simple form
verb.
S= Subject Simple. Verb= Simple verb Ing. Verb= Gerund Verb
C= Complement Won´t= Will not PPV= Past Participle Verb
Teacher: Alberto Juárez Oliva
Universidad Tecnológica de Nezahualcóyotl.