STATISTICS 1

EXERCISE - 2 : PREVIOUS YEAR JEE MAIN QUESTIONS

1. The mean of the data set comprising of 16 observations is (c) 20.2 (d) 10
16. If one of the observations valued 16 is deleted and Ans. (a)
three new observations valued 3, 4 and 5 are added to the
data, then the mean of the resultant data is : n
(a + l)
1
(2015) Sol. x= 2 = (1 + 1 + 100d)
n 2
(a) 16.0 (b) 15.8
(c) 14.0 (d) 16.8 = 1 + 50d
Ans. (c) 1
M.D. = å xi - x
x1 + x 2 + x 3 + ...... + x16 n
Sol. Given, = 16
16
1
255 = 50d + 49d + 48d + ... + d + 0 + d + ... + 50d
16
101
Þ å x i = 16 ´ 16
i =1
2d ì 50 ´ 51 ü
Þ 255 = 101 í 2 ý
Sum of new observations î þ
18
= å yi = 16 ´ 16 - 16 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 252 255 ´101
Þ d= = 10.1
i =1 50 ´ 51
Number of observations = 18 Answer = 10.1
4. The mean of 5 observations is 5 and their variance is 124.
æ 18 ö If three of the observations are 1, 2 and 6; then the mean
ç å y1 ÷ 252
\ New Mean = ç
i =1
÷= = 14 deviation from the mean of the data is
ç 18 ÷ 18
ç ÷ (2016/Online Set 2)
è ø
(a) 2.8 (b) 2.6
2. If the standard deviation of the numbers 2, 3, a and 11 is (c) 8.4 (d) 2.4
3.5, then which of the following is true ? (2016)
Ans. (a)
2 2
(a) 3a - 23a + 44 = 0 (b) 3a - 26a + 55 = 0 Sol. Let the two observations be x4 and x5
2
(c) 3a 2 - 32a + 84 = 0 (d) 3a - 34a + 91 = 0 1 + 2 + 6 + x 4 + x5
=5
Ans. (c) 5

2 Þ x 4 + x 5 = 16 ...(i)
å xi 2
Sol. var = - x
n
1 + 4 + 36 + (x 4 ) 2 + (x 5 ) 2
and 124 = - (5) 2
2 5
2 4 + 9 + a 2 + 121 æ 16 + a ö
Þ (3.5) = -ç ÷
4 è 4 ø Þ 745 = 41 + (x 4 ) 2 + (x5 ) 2

Þ 3a 2 - 32a + 280 = 16(3.5) 2 Þ (x 4 ) 2 + (x5 ) 2 = 704 ...(ii)

Þ 3a 2 - 32a + 84 = 0 From (ii),

3. If the mean deviation of the numbers 1, 1 + d, ......., 1 + 100d (x 4 + x 5 ) 2 - 2x 4 x 5 = 704
from their mean is 255, then a value of d is
(2016/Online Set 1)
(a) 10.1 (b) 5.05
 2 STATISTICS

From (i), Ans. (c)

256 – 2(x4) (x5) = 704 97
Sol. å x i = 400 - (3 + 4 + 5) = 388
(x 4 )(x 5 ) = -224 i =1

So, if x 4 > 0 , then x 5 < 0 and if x 4 < 0 , then x 5 > 0 97

å x i2 = 2478 - (9 + 16 + 25) = 2425
i =1
|1 - 5 | + | 2 - 5 | + | 6 - 5 | + | x 4 - 5 | + | x 5 - 5 |
M.D =
5 2
2
å xi æ å xi ö
Variance = -ç ÷
4 + 3 + 1+ | x 4 - 5 | + | 11 - x 4 | n è n ø
Þ M.D =
5
2
2425 æ 388 ö
8 + x 4 - 5 + 11 - x 4 = -
= 97 çè 97 ÷ø
5
= 25 - (4)2 = 25 - 16 = 9
14
= = 2.8
5 9 9
2
7. If å (x i - 5) = 9 and å (x i - 5) = 45, then the
5. The mean age of 25 teachers in a school is 40 years. A i =1 i =1
teacher retires at the age of 60 years and a new teacher is
appointed in his place. If now the mean age of the teachers standard deviation of the 9 items x1 , x 2 , ........, x 9 is :
in this school is 39 years, then the age (in years) of the (2018)
newly appointed teacher is (2017/Online Set 1) (a) 9 (b) 4
(a) 25 (b) 35 (c) 2 (d) 3
(c) 30 (d) 40 Ans. (c)
Ans. (b)
2 2
Sol. Let x = sum of ages of teachers å (di ) - æ å d i ö
Sol. Variance (x) = ç n ÷
n è ø
sum
Mean = where di = xi – A
25
2
x 1 æ1 ö
Þ 40 = So, Var (x) = (45) - ç ´ 9 ÷
Þ x = 1000 9 è9 ø
25
A new teacher is appointed in place of a teacher whose =5–1=4
age is 60. \ Standard deviation = 2
So, the sum = x – 60 = 1000 – 60 =940 8. The mean of a set of 30 observations is 75. If each
observation is multiplied by a non-zero number l and then
The new sum = 39 × 25 = 975 (Q mean = 39)
each of them is decreased by 25, their mean remains the
Now, 975 – 940 = Age of new teacher same. Then l is equal to : (2018/Online Set 1)
Therefore, age of new teacher is 35 years
1 2
6. The sum of 100 observations and the sum of their squares (a) (b)
3 3
are 400 and 2474, respectively. Later on, three observations
3, 4 and 5, were found to be incorrect. If the incorrect 4 10
observations are omitted, then the variance of the (c) (d)
3 3
remaining observations is (2017/Online Set 2)
(a) 8.00 (b) 8.25 Ans. (c)

(c) 9.00 (d) 8.50

 STATISTICS 3

x1 + x 2 + x 3 + ...... + x n 2
Sol. x= å (x i - x)
n S.D = =0
n
In the given question,
Þ xi = x " i
The new mean = 75l - 25
\ Each term in the original observation = 9
Also, we have 75l - 25 = 75
å xi 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + x5
4 Now, x = =
\ l= n 5
3
9. If the mean of the data : 7, 8, 9, 7, 8, 7, l, 8 is 8, then the 36 + x 5
Þ 10 =
variance of this data is : (2018/Online Set 2) 5

7 Þ x5 = 14
(a) (b) 1
8 Next case : 9, 9, 9, 9, 14

9 (9 - 10)2 + (9 -10) 2 + (9 - 10)2 + (9 - 10)2 + (14 - 10)2

(c) (d) 2 S.D =
8 5
Ans. (b)
4 + 16
Sol. Mean of the data = 8 =
5
7+8+9+ 7+8+l +8
Þ =8
8 20
= = 4=2
5
Þ 54 + l = 64
11. The mean and variance of seven observations are 8 and
Þ l = 10
16, respectively. If 5 of the observations are 2, 4, 10, 12,
2 14, then the product of the remaining two observations is
å xi - 8
Now, variance, s2 = (8-04-2019/Shift-1)
8
Ans. 48.00
(7-8)2 +(8-8)2 +(9-8)2 +(7-8)2 +(8-8)2 +(7-8)2 +(10-8)2 +(8-8)2 Sol. Let the remaining numbers are a and b.
Þ s2 =
8
Mean x = åx i
=
2 + 4 + 10 + 12 + 14 + a + b
=8
N 7
1+ 0 +1+1+ 0 + 1+ 4 + 0 8
Þ s2 = = =1
8 8 Þ a + b = 14......(i)
10. The mean and the standard deviation (s.d.) of five 2
observations are 9 and 0, respectively. If one of the 2
Variance (s) =
åx i
- x
2
= 16
observations is changed such that the mean of the new N
set of five observations becomes 10, then their s.d. is:
(2018/Online Set 3) 22 + 42 + 102 + 122 + 142 + a 2 + b 2 2
Þ - 8 = 16
7
(a) 0 (b) 1
(c) 2 (d) 4 Þ a 2 + b2 = 100.....(ii)
Ans. (c)
2
From (i) and (ii) , 14 - b + b 2 = 100
å xi
Sol. x= =9
n Þ 196 + b 2 - 28b + b 2 = 100
 4 STATISTICS

Þ b 2 - 14b + 48 = 0 5
(c) 4 (d) 6
Þ b = 6,8 3

\ a = 8,6 Ans. (a)

k
\ a, b = 6,8 or 8, 6 Sol. Mean of given observations =
4
Hence, the product of the remaining two observations = ab = 48
Q Standard deviation = 5
12. A student scores the following marks in five tests: 45, 54,
41, 57, 43. His score is not known for the sixth test. If the \s 2 = 5 ¼..(1)
mean score is 48 in the six tests, then the standard
deviation of the marks in six tests is : 2 2
æ k ö æ k ö æ k ö æ 3k ö
2 2

ç + 1÷ + ç ÷ + ç - 1÷ + ç ÷
(8-04-2019/Shift-2) Þ s2 =
1 2
=è
4 ø è4ø è4 ø è 4 ø
n
å xi - x 4
= 5 ¼..(2)

10 100
(a) (b)
3 3 12k 2
+2
Þ 16 =5
10 100 4
(c) (d)
3 3
Þk=2 6
Ans. (a)
14. The mean and the median of the following ten numbers in
Sol. Q Mean Score = 48 increasing order 10, 22, 26, 29, 34, x, 42, 67, 70, y are 42 and
Let unknown score be x,
y
35 respectively, then is equal to:
41 + 45 + 54 + 57 + 43 + x x
\x = = 48
6 (9-04-2019/Shift-2)

Þ x + 240 = 288 Þ x = 48 9 7
(a) (b)
Now, 4 2

1é 2 2 2 8 7
s2 = 48 - 41 + 48 - 45 + 48 - 54 + (c) (d)
6ë 3 3

2 2 2 Ans. (d)
48 - 57 + 48 - 43 + 48 - 48 ù
û Sol. Ten numbers in increasing order are
10, 22, 26, 29, 34, x, 42, 67, 70, y
1 200 100
= 49 + 9 + 36 + 81 + 25 = =
6 6 3
Mean =
åx i
=
x + y + 300
= 42 Þ x + y = 120
n 10
100 10
Þs= =
3 3 T5 + T6 34 + x
Median = = 35 = Þ x = 36 and y = 84
2 2
13. If the standard deviation of the numbers -1, 0,1, k is 5 ,
where k > 0, then k is equal to: y 84 7
Hence, = =
(9-04-2019/Shift-1) x 36 3
15. If for some xÎR, the frequency distribution of the marks
10 obtained by 20 students in a test is :
(a) 2 6 (b) 2
3
(10-04-2019/Shift-1)
 STATISTICS 5

Marks 2 3 5 7 17. If the data x1 , x 2 ,..., x10 is such that the mean of first four
2 2
Frequency (x+1) 2x – 5 x – 3x x of these is 11, the mean of the remaining six is 16 and the
then the mean of the marks is : sum of squares of all of these is 2,000 ; then the standard
(a) 3.2 (b) 3.0 deviation of this data is: (12-04-2019/Shift-1)

(c) 2.5 (d) 2.8 Ans. 2.00

Ans. (d) Sol. According to the question,

Sol. Number of students are, x12 + x 22 + ...x10

2
= 2000

(x + 1) 2 + (2x - 5) + x 2 - 3x + x = 20 2

s2 =
åx i
- x
2

N
Þ 2x 2 + 2x - 4 = 20 Þ x 2 + x - 12 = 0
2
Þ (x + 4)(x - 3) = 0 Þ x = 3 2000 æ 44 + 96 ö
= -ç ÷ =4
\ Marks 2 3 5 7 10 è 10 ø
No. of students 16 1 0 3 Þ Standard deviation, s = 2
32 + 3 + 21 56 18. 5 students of a class have an average height 150 cm and
Average marks = = = 2.8
20 20 variance 18 cm2 . A new student, whose height is 156 cm,
joined them. The variance (in cm2) of the height of these
16. If both the mean and the standard deviation of 50
six students is: (9-01-2019/Shift-1)
observations x1 , x 2 ,...x 50 are equal to 16, then the mean
Ans. 20.00
2 2 2
of x1 - 4 , x 2 - 4 ,.... x 50 - 4 is: 2

Sol. Q Variance = s 2 =
åx i
- x
2
(10-04-2019/Shift-2) N
(a) 400 (b) 380
2
(c) 525 (d) 480 Þ 18 =
åx i
- 150
2

5
Ans. (a)
Sol. Given, mean and standard deviation are equal to 16. Þ å x i2 = 90 + 112500 = 112590
x1 + x 2 + ...x 50 Then, variance of the height of six students
\ = 16
50
2 2
112590 + 156 æ 750 + 156 ö
2 2 2 V' = -ç ÷
x + x ....x 6 è 6 ø
And 162 = 1 2 50
- 162
50
= 22821 - 22801
2
Þ 2 16 50 = x12 + x22 + ...x 250
= 20
2
x1 - 4 + x 2 - 4 + x 50 - 4
2 2 19. A data consists of n observations:
Required mean =
50 n
2
n
2
x1 , x 2 , ¼, x n , If å x i + 1 = 9n and å x i - 1 = 5n
i =1 i =1
x12 + x 22 + ..... + x 50
2
+ 50 ´ 16 - 8 x1 + x 2 + .... + x 50
= then the standard deviation of this data is:
50
(9-01-2019/Shift-2)
2
16 100 + 50 16 - 8 16 ´ 50
= = 400 (a) 2 (b) 5
50
(c) 5 (d) 7
 6 STATISTICS

Ans. (b) 2 2 2
Þ 1 + 3 + 8 + x 4 2 + x 5 2 = 171
Sol. Variance is given by,

2 Þ x 4 2 + x 5 2 = 97 ..... 2
1 n æ1 n ö
s 2 = å x i2 - ç å x i ÷
n i =1 è n i =1 ø Þ x4 + x5
2
- 2x 4 x 5 = 97

1 1 Þ 2x 4 x 5 = 132 - 97 = 72
s2 = A - 2 B2 ... i
n n
Þ x 4 x5 = 36 .... 3
n n
Here, A = å x i2 and B = å x i
i =1 i =1 4 9
From (1) and (3), x 4 : x 5 = or
9 4
n
2
Q å xi + 1 = 9n 21. If mean and standard deviation of 5 observations
i =1
x1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 are 10 and 3, respectively, then the
Þ A + n + 2B = 9n Þ A + 2B = 8n ... ii variance of 6 observations x1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 and –50 is

n
equal to: (10-01-2019/Shift-2)
2
Q å x i - 1 = 5n (a) 509.5 (b) 586.5
i =1
(c) 582.5 (d) 507.5
Þ A + n - 2B = 5n Þ A - 2B = 4n .... iii Ans. (d)

From (ii) and (iii) 5

A = 6n, B = n
åx i
Sol. Q x = i =1
5
1 1
Þ s = ´ 6n - 2 ´ n 2 = 6 - 1 = 5
2

n n 5
Þ å x i = 10 ´ 5 = 50
i =1
Þs= 5
6
20. The mean of five observations is 5 and their variance is Þ å x i = 50 - 50 = 0
9.20. If three of the given five observations are 1, 3 and 8, i =1
then ratio of other two observations is:
5
(10-1-2019/Shift-1) 2
åx i
2
(a) 10 : 3 (b) 4 : 9 i =1
- 10 = 32 = 9
5
(c) 5 : 8 (d) 6 : 7
Ans. (b) 5
Þ å x i 2 = 545
Sol. Since, mean of x1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 and x 5 is 5 i =1

Þ x1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 = 25 Then,
6 5
Þ 1 + 3 + 8 + x 4 + x 5 = 25 2
= å x i 2 + -50
2
åx
i =1
i
i =1
Þ x 4 + x 5 = 13 .... 1
2
= 545 + -50 = 3045
5

å x i2 5
2
Q i =1
- 5 = 9.2 Þ å x i 2 = 5 25 + 9.2 = 125 + 46 = 171
5 i =1
 STATISTICS 7

50
2
6
æ 6
xi2 ç å xi
ö Sol. Given, å x i - 30 = 50
å ÷ i =1
Variance = i =1 - ç i =1 ÷ = 3045 - 0 = 507.5
6 ç 6 ÷ 6 50
ç ÷
è ø åx
i =1
i - 50 30 = 50

22. The outcome of each of 30 items was observed; 10 items 50

1 1
Þ åx
i =1
i = 1550
gave an outcome - d each, 10 items gave outcome
2 2

1 Mean, x =
åx i
=
1550
= 31
each and the remaining 10 items gave outcome + d . If 50 50
2

4 24. The mean and the variance of five observations are 4 and
the variance of this outcome data is then |d| equals 5.20, respectively. If three of the observations are 3, 4 and
3
4; then the absolute value of the difference of the other
k , then k is equal to: (11-01-2019/Shift-1) two observations, is : (12-01-2019/Shift-2)
Ans. 2.00 (a) 7 (b) 5
(c) 1 (d) 3
æ1 ö æ1 ö Ans. (a)
Sol. Outcomes are ç - d ÷ , ç - d ÷ ,....,10 times,
è2 ø è2 ø
Sol. Let two observations be x1 and x2, then
1 1 1 1 x1 + x 2 + 3 + 4 + 4
, ,....,10 times, + d, + d,...10 times =4
2 2 2 2 5

1 æ1 ö 1 Þ x1 + x 2 = 9 ...(1)
Mean = ç ´ 30 ÷ =
30 è 2 ø 2
2
Variance of the outcomes is, Variance =
åx i
- x
2

N
1 2
s2 = å x i2 - x
30 9 + 16 + 16 + x12 + x 22
5.20 = - 16
5
2 2 2
1 éæ 1 ö æ1ö æ1 ö ù 1
= êç - d ÷ ´ 10 + ç ÷ ´ 10 + ç + d ÷ ´ 10ú - x12 + x 22 = 65 ...(2)
30 ëêè 2 ø è2ø è2 ø ûú 4
From (1) and (2);
4 1 é 1 ù 1 x1 = 8, x 2 = 1
Þ = ê 30 ´ + 20d 2 ú -
3 30 ë 4 û 4
Hence, the required value of the difference of other two
4 1 2 2 1 observations = x1 - x 2 = 7
Þ = + d -
3 4 3 4
25. Let X = {x Î N :1 £ x £ 17} and
2
Þd =2Þ d = 2
Y = {ax + b : x Î X and a, b Î R, a > 0}. If mean and
23. If the sum of the deviations of 50 observations from 30 is variance of elements of Y are 17 and 216 respectively
50, then the mean of these observations is : then a + b is equal to : (2-9-2020/Shift-1)
(12-01-2019/Shift-1) (a) – 27 (b) 7
Ans. 31.00 (c) – 7 (d) 9
Ans.(c)
 8 STATISTICS

Sol. X : {1, 2, .... 17} 27. For the frequency distribution :

Variate (x) : x1 x2 x3 ..... x15
Y :{ax + b : x Î X & a, b Î R, a > 0}
Frequency (f) : f1 f2 f3...... f15
Given Var Y = 216 15
where 0 < x1 < x 2 < x 3 < ..... < x15 £ 10 and åf i = 0,
i =1
Syi2
- (mean)2 = 216 the standard deviation cannot be : (3-09-2020/Shift-1)
n
(a) 1 (b) 4
Syi2 (c) 6 (d) 2
- 289 = 216
17 Ans. (c)

Syi2 = 8585 Sol. s2 £

1
(M - m) 2
4
(a + b)2 + (2a + b)2 + .... + (17a + b)2 = 8585 (M = upper bound of value of any random variable, m = Lower
bound of value of any random variable)
105a 2 + b2 + 18ab = 505.........(1)
1
Now Syi = 17 ´ 17 s2 £ (10 - 0)2
4
a (17 ´ 9) + 17.b = 17 ´ 17 s2 < 25

9a + b = 17 ¼¼ 2 -5<s<5
From equation (1) & (2), s¹6
a = 3 & b = –10
28. Let x i (1 £ i £ 10) be ten observations of a random
a + b = –7 10 10

26. If the variance of the terms in an increasing A.P., variable X. If å (x i - p) = 3 and å (x i - p) 2 = 9 where
i =1 i =1
b1 , b 2 , b 3 , ......., b11 is 90, then the common difference of
0 ¹ p Î R, then the standard deviation of these
this A.P. is ………. . (2-09-2020/Shift-2)
observations is : (3-09-2020/Shift-2)
Ans. (003.00)
7 9
Sb 2 æ S b ö
2 (a) (b)
Sol. Var (x) = i - ç i ÷ 10 10
11 è 11 ø
3 4
ìï11a 2 + 385d 2 + 110 ad üï ì11a + 55d ü2 (c) (d)
5 5
90 = í ý-í ý
îï 11 þï î 11 þ Ans. (b)
Sol. Standard deviation is free from shifting of origin
90 = {a 2 + 35d 2 + 10ad} - {a + 5d}2
S.D = variance
2 2 2 2
90 = a + 35d + 10ad - a - 25d - 10ad
9 æç 3 ö÷
2

= -ç ÷
90 = 10d 2 10 çè10 ø÷

9 = d2 9 9 81 9
= - = =
d = 3 10 100 100 10
 STATISTICS 9

29. The mean and variance of 8 observations are 10 and 13.5,

400
respectively. If 6 of these observations are 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, = 50
4+ x
15, then the absolute difference of the remaining two
observations is : (4-09-2020/Shift-1)
(a) 3 (b) 9 31. The mean and variance of 7 observations are 8 and 16,
(c) 7 (d) 5 respectively. If five observations are 2,4,10,12,14, then
the absolute difference of the remaining two observations
Ans. (c)
is: (5-09-2020/Shift-1)

Sol. 5 + 7 + 10 + 12 + 14 + 15 + x + y = 10 (a) 1 (b) 4

8 (c) 3 (d) 2
x+y=17....(1) Ans.(d)

Variance x i2 2
Sol. Var(x) = å - x
n
52 + 7 2 + 102 + 12 2 + 142 + 152 + x 2 + y 2
= - 100 = 13.5
8 x12 + x 22 + x 24 + x 52 + x 62 + x 72
16 = - 64
7
739 + x 2 +y 2
= - 100 = 13.5
8 80 ´ 7 = x12 + x 22 + x 32 + ..... + x 72

x 2 +y 2 = 169.....(2) Now, x 62 + x 72 = 560 - (x12 + .....x 52 )

\ x=12,y=5
x 62 + x 72 = 560 - (4 + 16 + 100 + 144 + 196)
|x – y∣= 7
x 62 + x 72 = 100 .....(1)
30. If the variance of the following frequency distribution :
Class: 10–20 20–30 30–40 x1 + x 2 + ... + x 7
Now, =8
Frequency: 2 X 2 7
is 50, then x is equal to ............. (4-09-2020/Shift-2)
x 6 + x 7 = 14
Ans. 004.00
from (1) & (2) ,
2
å fi x i - x
Sol. Variance = 2
å fi x 6 + x7 - 2x 6 x 7 = 100

2x 6 x 7 = 96 Þ x 6 x 7 = 48

2
x 6 -x 7 = x 6 +x 7 -4x 6 x 7

= 196 - 192 = 2
32. If the mean and the standard deviation of the data 3,5,7,a,b
are 5 and 2 respectively, then a and b are the roots of the
equation: (5-09-2020/Shift-2)
100 + 25x
x=
4+x (a) x 2 - 20x + 18 = 0 (b) x 2 - 10x + 19 = 0

(c) 2x 2 - 20x + 19 = 0 (d) x 2 - 10x + 18 = 0

Ans. (b)
 10 STATISTICS

Sol. S.D. =
å xi2 - x 2 Ans. 6.00
n
Sol. x = åf x
i i

(2) 2 =
83 + a + b 2
- (5)2
2
åf i

5
0 ´ n C 0 + 2 n c1 + 22 n c 2 + .... + 2n n cn
=
83 + a 2 + b 2 n
c0 + n c1 + .... + n cn
4= - 25
5
3n - 1 728
2 2 2 2 = = n
29 ´ 5 - 83 = a + b Þ a + b = 62 2n 2

a + b + 15 3n = 729 = 36
=5
5
n=6
Þ a + b = 10 ….(1) 35. If variance of first n natural numbers is 10 and variance of
first m even natural number is 16, m + n is equal to
2ab = 100 – 62 = 38
(7-01-2020/Shift-1)
ab = 19 ….(2) Ans. (18.00)
Sol. For n natural numbers, variance is given by
from eq. (1) & (2),

x 2 – 10x + 19 = 0
2
æ ö
å xi2 ç å xi ÷
n n
2
s2 = -ç ÷
33. If å x i - a = n and å xi - a = na, n, a > 1 then n ç n ÷
i =1 ç ÷
i =1 è ø
the standard deviation of n observations x1 , x 2 ,..., x n is :
(6-09-2020/Shift-1) 2
åx i
12 + 2 2 + 32 + ....n terms n n + 1 2n + 1
(a) n a - 1 (b) na - 1 = =
n n 6n
(c) a - 1 (d) a -1
Ans. (d) åx i
1 + 2 + 3 + ....n terms n n + 1
= =
2 2 n n 2n
Sol. S.D. =
å xi - a æ S xi - a ö
-ç ÷
n è n ø n2 -1
s2 = = 10 given
12
2
æ na ö æ n ö Þ n = 11
= ç ÷ - ç ÷ = a -1
è n ø ènø
Variance of 2, 4, 6.... = 4 ´ variance of 1, 2,3, 4....
34. Consider the data on x taking the values 0, 2, 4, 8, ....., 2n
n n n n
with frequencies respectively. C0 , C1 , C2 ,............ Cn , m 2 - 1 m2 - 1
= 4´ = = 16 given
12 3
728
If the mean of this data is , then n is equal to _____. Þm=7
2n
(6-09-2020/Shift-2) Therefore, n + m = 11 + 7 = 18
 STATISTICS 11

36. If the mean and variance of eight numbers 3,7,9,12,13,20,

1 1
x and y be 10 and 25 respectively then xy is equal to Þ s= p sÞ p =
2 2
________. (7-01-2020/Shift-2)
Ans. 54.00 1
If p = , q = 0
2
64 + x + y
Sol. Mean = 10 Þ = 10
8 1
If p = - , q = -20
2
Þ x + y = 16
38. The mean and variance of 20 observations are found to
å xi2 2
be 10 and 4, respectively. On rechecking, it was found
Variance = - x that an observation 9 was incorrect and the correct
n
observation was 11. Then the correct variance is:
32 + 7 2 + 92 + 122 + 132 + 202 + x 2 + y 2 (8-01-2020/Shift-2)
Þ 25 = - 100
8 (a) 4.01 (b) 3.99
(c) 3.98 (d) 4.02
Þ 1000 = 852 + x 2 + y2
Ans. (b)
2 2
Þ x + y = 148
Sol. Mean = 10 Þ
åx i
= 10 Þ åx i = 200
2 20
Þ x+y - 2xy = 148

Þ 256 - 2xy = 148 åx 2i - 100 = 4 Þ

Variance = 4 Þ
20
åx i2 = 2080
So, xy = 54
37. The mean and standard deviation (s.d.) of 10 observations 200 - 9 + 11 202
New mean = = = 10.1
are 20 and 2 respectively. Each of these 10 observations 20 20
is multiplied by p and then reduced by q, where p ¹ 0 and
2080 - 81 + 121 2
q ¹ 0 . if the new mean and standard deviation become New Variance = - 10.1
20
half of their original values, then q is equal to:
= 106 - 102.01
(8-01-2020/Shift-1)
(a) –20 (b) –5 = 3.99
(c) 10 (d) –10 39. Let the observations x i 1 £ i £ 10 satisfy the
Ans. (a) 10 10 2
equations å i =1 x i - 5 = 10 and å xi - 5 = 40. If
Sol. If mean x is multiplied by p and then q is subtracted from i =1

m and l are the mean and the variance of

it, then new mean x ' = px - q
observations x1 - 3 , x 2 - 3 .... x10 - 3 , then the
1
\ x ' = x and x ' = 10 ordered pair (m, l) is equal to: (9-01-2020/Shift-1)
2
(a) (6,3) (b) (3,6)
Þ 10 = 20p - q ..... 1
(c) (3,3) (d) (6,6)
If standard deviation is multiplied by p, new standard deviation Ans. (c)
s ' is p times of the initial standard deviation s . 10 10
Sol. å x i - 5 = 10 Þ å x i - 50 = 10
s' = p s i =1 i =1
 12 STATISTICS

10
Þ å x i = 60 Class Frequency C.F.
i =1
Oct-20 a a
10 10 20-30 110 a + 100
åi =1
xi - 3 åx
i =1
i - 30 30-40 54 a + 164
m= = =3
10 10 40-50 30 a + 194
50-60 a + b + 194 = 584
Variance is unchanged, if a constant is added or subtracted from
each observation

2
N= å f = 584
10 10
2 æ ö
å xi - 5 ç å xi - 5 ÷ a + b = 390
l = Var x i - 3 = Var x i - 5 = i =1
- ç i =1 ÷
10 ç 10 ÷
ç ÷ éæ N ö ù
è ø
êç 2 ÷ - c ú
è ø ú´h
Median M = l + ê
2 ê f ú
40 æ 10 ö ê ú
= -ç ÷ = 3 ë û
10 è 10 ø

40. The mean of 6 distinct observations is 6.5 and their 584

variance is 10.25. If 4 out of 6 observations are 2, 4, 5 and N= = 292
2
7, then the remaining two observations are:
(20-07-2021/Shift-1) é 292 - a + 164 ù
M = 45 = 40 + ê ú ´10
(a) 10, 11 (b) 8, 13 ë 30 û
(c) 1, 20 (d) 3, 18
Ans. (a) æ 128 - a ö
45 = 40 + ç ÷
è 3 ø
Sol. Let the other two observations be a, 21 - a
15 = 128 - a
2
4 + 16 + 25 + 49 + a 2 + 21 - a a = 113
Now, 10.25 = - (6.5) 2
6 a - b = 113 - 277 = 164
(Using formula for variance) 42. If the mean and variance of the following data:
2 2
Þ 6 10.25 + 6 6.5 = 94 + a 2 + 21 - a 37
6, 10, 7, 13, a, 12, b, 12 are 9 and respectively, then
4
2
Þ a 2 + 21 - a = 221 2
a-b is equal to: (27-07-2021/Shift-1)

\ a = 10 and 21 - a = 21 - 10 = 11 (a) 12 (b) 24

So, the remaining two observations are 10, 11. (c) 16 (d) 32
41. Consider the following frequency distribution: Ans. (c)

6 + 10 + 7 + 13 + a + 12 + b + 12
Sol. Mean = =9
8

60 + a + b = 72
If the sum of all frequencies is 584 and median is 45, a - b
a + b = 12 ...(1)
is equal to ___________ ? (25-07-2021/Shift-1)
Ans. 164.00
Sol.
 STATISTICS 13

2 Þ 640 + 40a + 90b = 544 + 68a + 68b

å x i2 æ å xi ö
variance = -ç ÷ = 37 Þ 28a - 22b = 96
n ç n ÷ 4
è ø
Þ 14a - 11b = 48 …(ii)
Sx i2 = 62 + 10 2 + 7 2 + 132 + a 2 + b 2 + 122 + 122 From (i) and (ii) a = 5 and b = 2

= a 2 + b 2 + 642 32 + 35 + 18 85 17
So, new mean = =
15 15 3
a 2 + b 2 + 642 2 37
- 9 = 44. Consider the following frequency distribution :
8 4

a 2 + b 2 321 37
+ - 81 =
8 4 4

309 2
a 2 + b2 37 321 If mean = and median = 14, then value a - b is
= 81 + - 22
8 4 4
equal to ________. (22-07-2021/Shift-2)
Ans. 4.00
a 2 + b2
= 81 - 71
8 Sol.

\ a 2 + b 2 = 80 ... 2

2 2
From (1) a + b + 2ab = 144

80 + 2ab = 144 \ 2ab = 64

2
a -b = a 2 + b2 - 2ab = 80 - 64 = 16

43. Let the mean and variance of the frequency distribution

3a + 9b + 180 + 189 + 135 309

Mean = =
a + b + 26 22
be 6 and 6.8 respectively. If is changed from 8 to 7, then
the mean for the new data will be: (27-07-2021/Shift-2) Þ 66a + 198b + 11088 = 309a + 309b + 8034

16 Þ 243a + 111b = 3054

(a) (b) 4
3 Þ 81a + 37b = 1018 ...(1)

17 a + b + 26
(c) (d) 5 - a+b
3 2
Now, Median = 12 + ´ 6 = 14
Ans. (c) 12

Sol. Given 32 + 8a + 9b = 8 + a + b ´ 6 13 æ a + b ö
Þ -ç ÷=2
2 è 4 ø
Þ 2a + 3b = 16 ...(i)
a+b 9
Also, 4 ´16 + 4 ´ a + 9b = 8 + a + b ´ 6.8 Þ =
4 2
 14 STATISTICS

(c) 9 (d) 1
Þ a + b = 18 ® 2
Ans. (d)
From equation (1) and (2)
Sol. Given,
a = 8, b = 10
7 + 10 + 11 + 15 + a + b
10 =
2 2 6
\ a-b = 8 - 10

45. The first of the two samples in a group has 100 items with Þ a + b = 17 ...(i)
mean 15 and standard deviation 3. If the whole group has and
250 items with mean 15.6 and standard deviation 13.44,
20 7 2 + 102 + 112 + 152 + a 2 + b 2
then the standard deviation of the second sample is: = - 102
3 6
(25-07-2021/Shift-2)
(a) 5 (b) 8 Þ a 2 + b 2 = 145 ...(ii)
(c) 4 (d) 6 By Solving (i) and (ii), we get
Ans. (c)
a = 9, b = 8 or a = 8, b = 9
Sol. n1 = 100, n = 250
\ a - b = 1.
\ n 2 = 250 - 100 Þ n 2 = 150
47. Let X be a random variable with distribution
n1x1 + n 2 x 2
x= x –2 –1 3 4 6
n1 + n 2
P (X = x) a b
100 15 + 150 x 2
15.6 =
250
If the mean of X is 2.3 and variance of X is s 2 , then
Þ x 2 = 16 100s 2 is equal to: (01-09-2021/Shift-2)
Ans. 781.00
s12 = V1 x = 9, s 2 = Var x = 13.44
Sol.
2
Let V2 x = s 2

n1s12 + n 2s 22 n1n 2 2
s2 = + 2
x1 - x 2
n1 + n 2 n1 + n 2
X = 2.3
100 ´ 9 + 150 ´ s22 100 ´150
13.44 = + ´1 9
250 2 -a + 6b = .... 1
250 10

Þ s22 = 16 Þ s2 = 4 1 1 1
å Pi = 5 + a + 3 + 5 + b = 1
46. If the mean and variance of six observations 7, 10, 11, 15, a,
20 4
b are 10 and , respectively, then the value of a - b is a+b = .... 2
3 15

equal to ? (20-07-2021/Shift-2) From equation (1) and (2)

(a) 7 (b) 11
 STATISTICS 15

1 1 x + y = 10
a= ,b =
10 6
Þ x, y = 9, 1
2
s2 = å pi xi2 - X Four numbers are 21, 9, 10, 8

48
1 1 1 2 Mean = = 12
= 4 + a 1 + 9 + 16 + b 36 - 2.3 4
5 3 5
49. Let n be an odd natural number such that the variance of
4 16 2 1, 2, 3, 4, ..., n is 14, then n is equal to ______.
= + a + 3 + + 36b - 2.3
5 5 (27-08-2021/Shift-1)
2 Ans. 13.00
= 4 + a + 3 + 36b - 2.3
2
1
= 7 + + 6 - 2.3
2 Sol. Variance =
å x2 - å x
10 n n2

2 2
= 13 +
1 æ 23 ö
-ç ÷ 12 + 22 + ... + n 2 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n
14 = -
10 è 10 ø n n2

2 2
131 æ 23 ö n n + 1 2n + 1 æ n n +1 ö
= -ç ÷ Þ 14 = -ç
10 è 10 ø ÷
6n è 2n ø
2
1310 - 23 2
= n + 1 2n + 1 n +1
100 Þ 14 = -
6 4
781
s2 = 2n 2 + 3n + 1 n 2 + 2n + 1
100 Þ 28 = -
3 2
100s 2 = 781
4n 2 + 6n + 2 - 3n 2 - 6n - 3
48. Let the mean and variance of four numbers 3, 7, x and Þ 28 =
6
y x > y be 5 and 10 respectively. Then the mean of four

numbers 3 + 2x, 7 + 2y, x + y and x - y is ________. n2 -1

Þ 28 =
6
(26-08-2021/Shift-2)
Ans. 12.00 Þ n 2 - 1 = 168
3+7+ x + y
Sol. 5 = Þ x + y = 10 Þ n 2 = 169
4
Þ n = 13
32 + 7 2 + x 2 + y2
Var x = 10 = - 25 50. The mean and standard deviation of 20 observations were
4
calculated as 10 and 2.5 respectively. It was found that by
140 = 49 + 9 + x 2 + y2 mistake one data value was taken as 25 instead of 35. If a
and b are the mean and standard deviation respectively
x 2 + y 2 = 82
for correct data, then a, b is: (26-08-2021/Shift-1)
 16 STATISTICS

(a) 11, 25 (b) 11, 26 sg2 = 2 (Variance of girls)

(c) 10.5, 26 (d) 10.5, 25 50 ´ 15 - 12 ´ 20 750 - 12 ´ 20

xg = = = 17 = m
Ans. (c) 30 30
Sol. Given: Variance of combined series

Mean x =
å xi = 10 s = 2 n1s b2 + n 2 sg2
+
n1.n 2
x b - xg
2
20 n1 + n 2 2
n1 + n 2

Or å xi = 200 (incorrect) 20 ´ 2 + 30 ´ 2 20 ´ 30 2
s2 = + 2
12 - 17
20 + 30 20 + 30
Or 200 - 25 + 35 = å x i (correct)
210 s2 = 8
Now correct x = = 10.5
20
\m + s 2 = 17 + 8 = 25
Again given S.D = 2.5 s 52. The mean and variance of 7 observations are 8 and 16
respectively. If two observations are 6 and 8, then the

s2 =
å xi2 - 10 2 = 2.5
2
variance of the remaining 5 observations is:
20 (31-08-2021/Shift-2)

92 134
Or å xi2 = 2125 - 252 + 352 (a)
5
(b)
5
= 2725 (correct)
536 112
(c) (d)
2 2725 2 25 5
\ Correct s = - 10.5
20
Ans. (c)

s 2 = 26 Sol. Let 8, 6, x1, x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 be the observations

Or s = 26 x1 + x 2 + .... + x 5 + 14
Now, =8
\ a = 10.5, b = 26 7

51. An online exam is attempted by 50 candidates out of which 5

20 are boys. The average marks obtained by boys is 12 Þ å xi = 42 ... 1
with a variance 2. The variance of marks obtained by 30 i =1
girls is also 2. The average marks of all 50 candidates is 15.
x12 + x 22 + .... + x 52 + 82 + 62
If m is the average marks of girls and s 2 is the variance of Also, - 64 = 16
7
2
marks of 50 candidates, then m + s is equal
to__________. (27-08-2021/Shift-2) 5

Ans. 25.00
Þ å xi2 = 560 - 100 = 460 ... 2
i =1

Sol. s 2b = 2 (Variance of boys) and n1 = 20 (number of boys)

So, variance of x1 , x 2 ,..., x 5
x b = 12 , n 2 = 30 (number of girls)
2
460 æ 42 ö 2300 - 1764 536
= -ç ÷ = =
5 è 5 ø 25 25
 STATISTICS 17

53. Consider the statistics of two sets of observations as 2 2 2 2

follows : (a) b = 3 a + c - 9d

(b) b 2 = a 2 + c 2 + 3d 2

2 2 2 2
(c) b = 3 a + c + 9d

If the variance of the combined set of these two 2 2 2 2

(d) b = 3 a + c + d
17
observations is , then the value of n is equal to ____. Ans. (a)
9
Sol. For a, b, c
(16-03-2021/Shift-2)
Ans. 5.00 a+b+c
mean = x =
3

Sol. For group – 1 :

å xi = 2 Þ å xi = 20
10 2b
x=
3

å xi2 - 2
2
=2Þ å xi2 = 600 S.D. of a, b, c = d
10
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 4b 2
d2 = -
For group – 2 :
å yi = 3 Þ å yi = 3n 3 9
n
b 2 = 3a 2 + 3c2 - 9d 2
å yi2 - 32 = 1 Þ å yi2 = 10n 55. Consider a set of 3n numbers having variance 4. In this
n set, the mean of first 2n numbers is 6 and the mean of the
remaining n numbers is 3. A new set is constructed by
Now, combined variance adding 1 into each of first 2n numbers, and subtracting 1
from each of the remaining n numbers. If the variance of
2

s 2
=
å xi2 + yi2 æ
-ç
å xi + yi ö
÷
the new set is k, then 9k is equal to .................. .
10 + n ç 10 + n ÷ (17-03-2021/Shift-2)
è ø
Ans. 68.00
2
17 60 + 10n 20 + 3n Sol. Let first observations are x1 , x 2 ...., x 2n
Þ = - 2
9 10 + n 10 + n And last observations are y1 , y 2 ..., y n

Þ 17 n 2 + 20n + 100 = 9 n 2 + 40n + 200

Now,
å xi = 6, å yi = 3
2n n
2
Þ 8n - 20n - 100 = 0

å x i = 12n, å yi = 3n \ å å yi = 15n = 5
xi +
Þ 2n 2 - 5n - 25 = 0 Þ
3n 3n
Þn=5
54. Consider three observations a, b and c such that b = a + c. å x i2 + å yi2
Now, - 52 = 4
the standard deviation of a + 2, b + 2, c + 2 is d, then which 3n
of the following is true? (16-03-2021/Shift-1)
Þ å xi2 + å yi2 = 29 ´ 3n = 87n
 18 STATISTICS

New mean is
å x i + 1 + å yi - 1 =
15n + 2n - n 16
=
3n 3n 3

2 2
New variance is
å x i + 1 + å yi - 1 æ 16 ö
-ç ÷
2

3n è 3ø

=
å xi2 + å yi2 + 2 å xi - å yi + 3n æ 16 ö 2
-ç ÷
3n è 3ø

87n + 2 9n + 3n æ 16 ö2
= -ç ÷
3n è 3ø

2
æ 16 ö
= 29 + 6 + 1 - ç ÷
è 3ø

324 - 256 68
= = =k
9 9

Þ 9k = 68