VIETNAM GENERAL CONFEDERATION OF LABOR

TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

LÊ MINH – 519H0315

FINAL REPORT
APPLIED CALCULUS FOR IT

HỒ CHÍ MINH CITY, YEAR 2024

VIETNAM GENERAL CONFEDERATION OF LABOR
TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

LÊ MINH – 519H0315

FINAL REPORT
APPLIED CALCULUS FOR IT

Instructor
Dr. Pham Kim Thuy

HỒ CHÍ MINH CITT, YEAR 2024

 LỜI CẢM ƠN

I would like to sincerely thank the school leadership, the Department of

Information Technology, the computer science department and Ms. Pham Kim Thuy
for creating the opportunity for me to participate and complete this final report.

Hồ Chí Minh City, date 7 month 1 year 2024

Author
(Sign and write full name)

Le Minh
 REPORT IS COMPLETED

AT TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY

I hereby declare that this is my own research project and is under the
scientific guidance of Dr. Pham Kim Thuy. The research content and results in
this topic are honest and have not been published in any form before. The data in
the tables for analysis, comments, and evaluation were collected by the author
from different sources and clearly stated in the reference section.Ngoài ra, trong
Dự án còn sử dụng một số nhận xét, đánh giá cũng như số liệu của các tác giả
khác, cơ quan tổ chức khác đều có trích dẫn và chú thích nguồn gốc.

If any fraud is detected, I will take full responsibility for the content
of my Project. Ton Duc Thang University is not involved in copyright violations
caused by me during the implementation process (if any).

Hồ Chí Minh City, date 7 month 1 year 2024

Author
(Sign and write full name)

Le Minh
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Question 1: Tell whether the following functions are even, odd, or neither. Give
reasons for your answer ................................................................................................ 5

1.1 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥2 + 𝑥 .............................................................................................................. 5

1.2 𝑓𝑥 = 𝑥3 + 𝑥 .............................................................................................................. 5

1.3 𝑓𝑥 = 4x4 − 4 ............................................................................................................ 5

1.4 𝑓𝑥 = x3x4 − 4 .......................................................................................................... 5

Question 2: Find the following limit lim⁡555𝑥2 − 25 as : .......................................... 6

2.1 x → 5 + ...................................................................................................................... 6

2.2 x → 5 − ...................................................................................................................... 6

2.3 x → −5 + ................................................................................................................... 6

2.4 x → −5 − ................................................................................................................... 6

Question 3: Find the derivatives 𝑑𝑦𝑑𝑥 of the following functions: ........................... 6

3.1 y = ⁡x − 4x + 4 ....................................................................................................... 6

3.2 𝑦 = 𝑥10 − 1 − 10 ..................................................................................................... 7

Question 4: Find an equation of the tangent line to the graph of 𝑦 = 1 + 2𝑒𝑥 at the
point where 𝑥 = 0. ......................................................................................................... 7

Question 5: Given the derivative 𝑓′𝑥 = ⁡sin𝑥 + cos𝑥sin𝑥 − cos𝑥, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋. ....... 7

5.1 What are the critical numbers of 𝑓? .......................................................................... 8

5.2 On what open intervals 𝑓 is increasing or decreasing? ............................................. 8

5.3 At what points, if any, does 𝑓 assume local maximum and minimum values? ........ 9
Question 6: Find all curves through a point where x = 1 whose arc length is the
following 𝐿 value: ......................................................................................................... 10

Question 7: Given that 𝑎1, 𝑎2, 𝑎3, …⁡, 𝑎𝑛, … are real numbers fulfilling the following
conditions: 10

Question 8 : Find all values of 𝑥 such that the following series is absolutely
convergent: 11
Question 1: Tell whether the following functions are even, odd, or neither. Give
reasons for your answer

1.1 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥

We have 𝑓 (−𝑥) = (−𝑥)2 + (−𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥

Compare 𝑓 (𝑥)⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓(−𝑥)to check for even and odd
→ ⁡𝑓(𝑥) ≠ 𝑓(−𝑥)
→ ⁡𝑓(𝑥) ≠ −𝑓(−𝑥)
Conclusion:
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 is neither even nor odd.

1.2 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥

We have 𝑓 (−𝑥) = (−𝑥)3 + (−𝑥) = −𝑥 3 − 𝑥

Compare 𝑓 (𝑥)⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓(−𝑥)to check for even and odd
→ ⁡𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑓(−𝑥)
Conclusion:
𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 is odd.
4
1.3 𝑓(𝑥) =
x4 −4

4 4
We have 𝑓 (−𝑥) = =
(−x)4 −4 x4 −4

Compare 𝑓 (𝑥)⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓(−𝑥)to check for even and odd

→ ⁡𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(−𝑥)
Conclusion:
4
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = is even.
x4 −4

x3
1.4 𝑓(𝑥) =
x4 −4

(−x)3 −x3
We have 𝑓 (−𝑥) = =
(−x)4 −4 x4 −4

Compare 𝑓 (𝑥)⁡𝑎𝑛𝑑⁡𝑓(−𝑥)to check for even and odd

→ ⁡𝑓(𝑥) ≠ 𝑓(−𝑥)
→ ⁡𝑓(𝑥) ≠ −𝑓(−𝑥)
Conclusion:
x3
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = is neither even nor odd.
x4 −4

555
Question 2: Find the following limit lim⁡ as :
𝑥 2 −25

We have:
555 555
𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑥 2 −25 (𝑥−5)(𝑥+5)

2.1 x → 5+
555 555 555
lim+ = lim+ = = +∞
𝑥→5 (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 5) 𝑥→5 (5 − 5)(5 + 5) 0

2.2 x → 5− ⁡

555 555 555

lim− = lim− = =∞
𝑥→5 (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 5) 𝑥→5 (5 − 5)(5 + 5) 0

2.3 x → −5+
555 555 555
lim + = lim + = = +∞
𝑥→−5 (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 5) 𝑥→−5 (−5 − 5)(−5 + 5) 0

2.4 x → −5−

555 555 555

lim + = lim + = =∞
𝑥→−5 (𝑥 − 5)(𝑥 + 5) 𝑥→−5 (−5 − 5)(−5 + 5) 0

𝑑𝑦
Question 3: Find the derivatives 𝑑𝑥 of the following functions:

√x−4
3.1 y = ⁡
√x+4
 1 1 1 4 1 4
∗ (√𝑥 + 4) − ∗ (√𝑥 − 4) + − +
√x − 4 2 √𝑥 2 √𝑥 2 2 √𝑥 2 2 √𝑥
y =⁡ = 2 =
√x + 4 (√𝑥 + 4) 𝑥 + 8√𝑥 + 16
8
2 √𝑥 4𝑥 + 32√𝑥 + 64
= =
𝑥 + 8√𝑥 + 16 √𝑥
−10
√𝑥
3.2 𝑦 = ( − 1)
10

−10 −11 −11

√𝑥 √𝑥 1 1 1 √𝑥
𝑦 = ( − 1) = −10 ( − 1) ∗ ∗ = ( − 1)
10 10 10 2√𝑥 2√𝑥 10

Question 4: Find an equation of the tangent line to the graph of 𝑦 = 1 + 2𝑒 𝑥 at

the point where 𝑥 = 0.

𝑦 ′ = 2𝑒 𝑥
𝑦 ′ (0) = 2𝑒 0 = 2
So, the slope of the tangent line at the point where 𝑥 = 0 is 𝑚 = 2
We have :
𝑦 − 𝑦1 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )
𝑦 − (1 + 2𝑒 0 ) = 2(𝑥 − 0) → 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3
So, the equation the tangent line to the graph of 𝑦 = 1 + 2𝑒 𝑥 at the point where
𝑥 = 0 is 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 3.

Question 5: Given the derivative 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = ⁡ (sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥)(sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥), 0 ≤
𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.

We have :
 𝑓 (𝑥) = ∫(sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥)(sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥) = ∫ sin2 𝑥 − cos 2 𝑥 = ∫ − cos 2𝑥

1
= − sin 2𝑥 + 𝐶
2

5.1 What are the critical numbers of 𝑓?

Give:
(sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥)(sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥) = 0
For sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 :
sin 𝑥 = − cos 𝑥 → tan 𝑥 = −1.
3𝜋 7𝜋
The solutions in the interval 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋 are 𝑥 = ,
4 4

For sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0 :

sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 → tan 𝑥 = 1.
𝜋 5𝜋
The solutions in the interval 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋 are 𝑥 = ,
4 4
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋
So the critical numbers of 𝑓 are 𝑥 = , , , in the interval 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋.
4 4 4 4

5.2 On what open intervals 𝑓 is increasing or decreasing?

𝜋
From 0⁡𝑡𝑜⁡ ⁡:
4

sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 > 0

sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0 > 0
→ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) > 0
𝜋 3𝜋
From ⁡𝑡𝑜⁡ ⁡:
4 4

sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 > 0

sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0 < 0
→ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) < 0
3𝜋 5𝜋
From ⁡𝑡𝑜⁡ ⁡:
4 4

sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 < 0

 sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0 < 0
→ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) > 0
5𝜋 7𝜋
From ⁡𝑡𝑜⁡ ⁡:
4 4

sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 < 0

sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0 > 0
→ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) < 0
7𝜋
From ⁡𝑡𝑜⁡2𝜋⁡:
4

sin 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 0 > 0

sin 𝑥 − cos 𝑥 = 0 > 0
→ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥 ) > 0
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋
→ 𝑓 increasing on (0, ) , ( , ) , ( , 2𝜋⁡)
4 4 4 4
𝜋 3𝜋 7𝜋
→ 𝑓 decrease on ( , ⁡) , ( , 2𝜋)
4 4 4

5.3 At what points, if any, does 𝑓 assume local maximum and minimum values?

𝑓 ′′ = −2 cos 2 𝑥 + 2 sin2 𝑥
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑓 ′′ ( ⁡) = −2 cos2+ 2 sin2 = −1
4 4 4
3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
𝑓 ′′ ( ⁡) = −2 cos2 + 2 sin2 = −1
4 4 4
5𝜋 5𝜋 5𝜋
𝑓 ′′ ( ⁡) = −2 cos2 + 2 sin2 = −1
4 4 4
7𝜋 7𝜋 7𝜋
𝑓 ′′ ( ⁡) = −2 cos2 + 2 sin2 = −1
4 4 4
→ Since 𝑓 ′′ (𝑥) < 0 at all critical points, and the second derivative is constant, we
can conclude that these critical points are points of local maximum → Therefore, the
𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋
function f(x) assumes local maximum values at 𝑓 (𝑥) = , , , .
4 4 4 4
Question 6: Find all curves through a point where x = 1 whose arc length is
the following 𝐿 value:

5
1
𝐿 = ⁡ ∫ √1 + 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑥2

We have :

1
𝑦 = √1 +
𝑥2
1
′
1 1 −2 2 1
𝑦 = − (1 + 2 ) ∗ − 3 = 3
2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥

Question 7: Given that 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , …⁡, 𝑎𝑛 , … are real numbers fulfilling the

following conditions:

 𝑎𝑛 > 0, 𝑛 ∈ ℤ+
 𝑎1 ≥ ⁡ 𝑎2 ≥ ⁡ 𝑎3 ≥ ⋯ ≥ ⁡ 𝑎𝑛 ≥ ⋯
 The series 𝑎2 + 𝑎4 + 𝑎8 + 𝑎16 + ⋯ + 𝑎2𝑛 + ⋯ diverges
Determine the convergence or divergence of the following series. Explain in details.
𝑎2 𝑎3 𝑎4 𝑎n
𝑎1 + + + + ⋯ + + ⋯
2 3 4 n
Question 8 : Find all values of 𝑥 such that the following series is
absolutely convergent:
∞
𝑛𝑥 𝑛
∑
(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑥 + 1)𝑛
𝑛=1

We have:
𝑛𝑥 𝑛 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑥 𝑛+1 )
𝑎𝑛 = → 𝑎𝑛+1 =
(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑥 + 1)𝑛 (𝑛 + 2)(2𝑥 + 1)𝑛+1
Apply ratio standards:
(𝑛 + 1)(𝑥 𝑛+1 )
𝑎𝑛+1 (𝑛 + 2)(2𝑥 + 1)𝑛+1 (𝑛 + 1)(𝑥 𝑛+1 ) (𝑛 + 1)(2𝑥 + 1)𝑛
lim | |= = ∗
𝑛→1 𝑎𝑛 𝑛𝑥 𝑛 (𝑛 + 2)(2𝑥 + 1)𝑛+1 𝑛𝑥 𝑛
(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑥 + 1) 𝑛

𝑥 𝑛 𝑥 (𝑛 + 1)2 (2𝑥 + 1) (𝑛 + 1)𝑥

=⁡ 𝑛 𝑛
=
(𝑛 + 2)(2𝑥 + 1) (2𝑥 + 1)𝑛𝑥 (𝑛 + 2)(2𝑥 + 1)
𝑎𝑛+1 2𝑥
𝑛 = 1 → lim | |= .
𝑛→1 𝑎𝑛 6𝑥+3
REFERENCES
Tiếng Việt
…
Tiếng Anh
https://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/classes/calcii/convergenceofseries.aspx