PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION

I. NATURE OF COMMUNICATION

What is Communication?
 Communication is a process by which people send messages or
exchange ideas or thought with one another in a verbal and non-
verbal.
 Comes from the Latin word "communicare" meaning to share, to
unite, or to have things in common.
 "communis" means common

TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
1. Verbal Communication
Verbal communication occurs when we engage in speaking with others. It can
be face-to-face, over the telephone, via Skype or Zoom, etc. Some verbal
engagements are informal, such as chatting with a friend over coffee or in the
office kitchen, while others are more formal, such as a scheduled meeting.
2. Non-Verbal Communication
What we do while we speak often says more than the actual words. Non-
verbal communication includes facial expressions, posture, eye contact, hand
movements, and touch.
3. Written Communication
Whether it is an email, a memo, a report, a Facebook post, a Tweet, a
contract, etc. all forms of written communication have the same goal to
disseminate information in a clear and concise manner – though that objective
is often not achieved.
4. Listening
The act of listening does not often make its way onto the list of types of
communication. Active listening, however, is perhaps one of the most
important types of communication because if we cannot listen to the person
sitting across from us, we cannot effectively engage with them.
5. Visual Communication
We are a visual society. Think about it, televisions are running 24/7, Facebook
is visual with memes, videos, images, etc., Instagram is an image-only
platform, and advertisers use imagery to sell products and ideas. Think about
from a personal perspective – the images we post on social media are meant
to convey meaning – to communicate a message.

COMMUNICATION PROCESSES AND ELEMENTS

The process of communication involves the following steps:

Sender: The person who conveys his thoughts, message or ideas to the
receiver is known as the sender. He is at the starting point of the
communication system and represents the source of communication.

E.g., In a classroom, a teacher is a sender.

Message: The subject matter of communication is termed as messages. It

includes ideas, feelings, suggestions, order, etc., which a sender wants to
convey to the receiver.

Encoding: The process of converting messages into communication symbols,

which may be understood by the receiver. It includes words, pictures,
gestures, symbols, etc. Encoding translates the internal thought of the sender
into a language which can be understandable.

Media: The path, channel or medium through which encoded message is

transmitted to the receiver is known as media. It is the carrier of the message.
It can be in written form, face to face, through telephone, letter, internet, etc.

Decoding: The process of translating the encoded message into an effective

language, which can be understood by the receiver is known as decoding. In
this, the encoded symbols of the sender are converted.

Receiver: The person who receives the message of the sender is known as
the receiver.

E.g., Students are receivers in the classroom.

Feedback: In order to complete the process of communication, feedback is

essential. The process of reversal of communication in which the receiver
expresses his reaction to the sender of the message is known as feedback.
Feedback ensures that the receiver has received and understood the
message.

Noise: Any construction or hindrance which hampers the communication

process is known as noise. The hindrance may be caused to the sender,
message or receiver. It acts as a barrier to effective communication and
because of this message is interpreted differently by the receiver. Disturbance
in the telephone line, inattentive receiver, faulty decoding, poor internet
connection, improper gestures and postures, etc., are some examples of
noise.

BARRIERS OF COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION SETTING

Informal: Most of our comm. occurs in informal settings, which are casual,
unstructured situations. Communication is usually spontaneous [you think
about what to say as you go along,and then you say it].

Example: talking w/ family/friends; introducing people; giving instructions;

talking on the phone; asking for directions; giving and receiving info in class.

Formal: A situations you can prepare for ahead of time. These situations
allow you to affect the ideas and feelings of people in important positions.
Example: Job/college interviews; group discussions; public speaking; debate
& parliamentary procedure; electronic communication (radio, TV, video =
mass communication)

II. COMMUNICATION PRINCIPLES AND ETHICS

Communication Ethics
Effective communication always observes ethics. Deals with values,
righteousness, and behavior appropriate for human communication,
particularly in a multicultural situation.

Here are some of the Ethical considerations:

●Uphold integrity. - Be truthful with your opinion and be accurate with your
judgment.
●Respect diversity of perspective and privacy. - show compassion and
consideration with the beliefs, status,affiliation, and privacy of other
individuals.
●Observe freedom of expression effectively. - be careful of what you say or
the words you use depending on the type of people you are communicating
with.
●Promote access to communication. - give others an opportunity to express
what they feel and think about the message being conveyed and
communicated.
●Be open-minded. - accept that others have different views and opinions. We
have individual differences which may conflict with yours. Listen and process
the views of other people and learn how to reconcile their opinions with your
opinion.
●Develop your sense of accountability. - acknowledge responsibility for all
your actions good or bad.

Guidelines for Effective Communication

1. Be clear with your purpose - As a sender, you must have a specific purpose
in mind.
2. Support your message with facts - you should be well-prepared with your
supporting ideas through examples,experiences, or observations when you
deliver a message.
3. Be concise - there is always a sense to this cliché, "keep it short and
simple"
4. Provide specific information in your feedback - give feedback that is timely,
constructive to the topic being discussed.
5. Adjust to the needs, interests, values, and beliefs of your audience - every
person has different needs and comes from different cultural background.
Your role as effective communicator is to adjust to those needs,interests,
values, and beliefs of your audience.

III. LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION

There are four forms of communication; Interpersonal, intrapersonal, group

and public communication.

Intrapersonal Communication is communication with oneself and occurs

only inside our heads.

Interpersonal Communication is communication between people whose

lives mutually influence one another and typically occurs in dyads, which
means in pairs.

Group Communication occurs when three or more people communicate to

achieve a shared goal.

Public Communication is sender focused and typically occurs when one

person conveys information to an audience.

IV. MODELS OF COMMUNICATION

Linear Communication is a type of communication where someone sends a

message without getting any feedback from the receiver of the message. This
is a one-way type of communication and can be helpful in communicating a
message out to a wide range of people all at once. The sender is more
prominent than the receiver in this particular model of communication.

Interactive Communication takes place between two or more people and

occurs when everyone in the conversation is both a sender and receiver. In
interactive communication, a person sends a message, then the person who
receives that message sends information back, taking turns to give and
accept messages. Email conversations are a good example of interactive
communication.

Transactional Communication is similar to interactive communication

because everyone communicating is both a sender and receiver of
information. The main difference between the two types is that in transactional
communication, the participants give and accept information at the same time.

V. COMMUNICATION AND GLOBALIZATION

Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people,
companies, and governments of different nations. A process driven by
international trade and investment and aided by information technology. Both
globalization and global communication have changed the environmental,
cultural, political and economic elements of the world.

How important is communication in globalization?

In a globalized world, effective communication is a necessity. When friends,
relatives, and colleagues need to reach all corners of the world, it is easy to
see the importance of global communications in the world today. Global
communications is not only the interaction between two employees within
your organization.

What is globalization in communication?

The study of global communication examines how information is exchanged
across geographical and social divides , as well as how communication both
impacts and is influenced by culture, politics, media, economies, health, and
relationships in the age of globalization.

What are the effects of globalization in language use and communication?

Globalization allowing languages and their cultures to spread and dominate
on a global scale , it also leads to the extinction of other languages and
cultures. Language contributes to the formation of culture, such as through
vocabulary, greetings or humor. Language is in a sense the substance of
culture.
Prepared by:

Joven Heart P. Buendia

Instructor