The heart is the primary engine behind one's circulatory system, or the system responsible for providing

oxygen to the various parts of one's body. Generally speaking, the heart's right side receives
deoxygenated blood and redirects this blood to the lungs, where it receives oxygen and dispenses the
unwanted carbon dioxide. The left side takes the newly oxygenated blood and pumps it to other areas of
the body to spread the much-needed oxygen and thereby maintain basic bodily functions.
The two sides of the heart have top and bottom sections, with the top being the atria and the bottom
being the ventricles. The right and left atria to receive blood from elsewhere in the body and pass it on to
their respective ventricles. The ventricles send the blood outside the heart, whether to the lungs or other
parts of the body. The left ventricle sends oxygenated blood to other areas of the body via the aorta, an
artery that connects to other main arteries.

How does blood flow through heart?

Deoxygenated blood flows from the vena cava into the right atrium, which then passes through the
tricuspid valve into the right ventricle, from which it then passes through the pulmonary valve into the
pulmonary artery, by which it travels to the lungs to be reoxygenated. One oxygenated, the blood travels
from the lungs through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, then the mitral valve, then the left
ventricle, then the aortic valve, and finally the aorta, by which oxygenated blood is sent out to the rest of
the body.
The endocrine system is made up of seven different glands that make chemicals called hormones. Hormones are
substances that act as "messengers" to control many body functions. The endocrine system makes hormones that help
control:

 Growth
 Reproduction
 Sexual development
 Use and storage of energy
 Response to physical stress or trauma
 Levels of water, salt and sugar in the body

Hypothalamus

The hypothalamus is located in the center of the brain. It makes hormones that increase or decrease the release of the
hormones made in the pituitary gland. It also makes hormones that help to control water balance, sleep, temperature,
appetite and blood pressure.

Pituitary

The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and is about the size of a pea. It is the master gland in the endocrine
system. It regulates the amounts of hormone made by the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and testes or ovaries. It also
makes the hormones prolactin and vasopressin, and growth hormone.

Thyroid and Parathyroid

The thyroid gland and parathyroid glands are located in front of the neck, below the larynx (voice box). The thyroid plays
an important role in the body's growth and development, as well as metabolism. Both the thyroid and parathyroid glands
also play a role in controlling the level of calcium in the body.
Adrenal Gland

The adrenal glands are located on top of each kidney. The adrenal glands make hormones that help the body deal with
stress and illness. The hormones made by the adrenal gland also maintain blood pressure and blood glucose, and plays a
role in sexual development.

Pancreas

The pancreas is located behind the stomach. It plays a role in digesting food, but it also makes hormones. The pancreas
makes insulin, which is important for blood sugar control.

Ovaries

A female's ovaries are located on both sides of the uterus, below the opening of the fallopian tubes (which extend from
the uterus to the ovaries). In addition to containing the egg cells necessary for reproduction, the ovaries also produce the
hormones estrogen and progesterone. These hormones regulate the menstrual cycle.

Testes

A male's testes are located in the scrotum. The testes produce testosterone and sperm.