Chapter 1 - Nature of Mathematics

Mathematics in the
Modern World
NATURE OF MATHEMATICS
INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY
•What is Mathematics?
•Where is Mathematics?
•What role does Mathematics play in your world?
Department of Arts and Sciences AB AGUILAR Cavite State University - Cavite City 2
Section 1.1
Patterns and Numbers in Nature
3
PATTERN
4
Patterns
Patterns are regular, repeated, or recurring forms or

designs.
What Comes Next?
What Comes Next?
A B
What Comes Next?
What NUMBER comes next?
1. 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , __ ?
2. 1 , 4 , 9 , 16 , 25 , __ ?
3. -6 , -1 , 4 , 9 , __ ?
SYMMETRY
The types of symmetry depends

on the number of sides or faces
that are symmetrical.
Bilateral Symmetry
Leonardo da Vinci’s
Vitruvian Man
Spiderwort
Starfish
three-fold symmetry
Five-fold Symmetry
ORDER OF ROTATION
𝟑𝟔𝟎°
Angle of rotation =
𝒏
Determine the angle of rotation of:

1. Spiderwort
2. Starfish
3. Snowflake
Packing Problems
Finding the optimum

method of filling up a given
space such as cubic or
spherical container.
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 π 𝑐𝑚2

𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒
x 100% = 4 𝑐𝑚2
x 100% = 78.54%
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 3π 𝑐𝑚2
x 100% = x 100% = 90.69%
𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 ℎ𝑒𝑥𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑠 6 3 𝑐𝑚2
Stripes and Spots
The Sunflower
The Snail’s Shell
Flower Petals
Exercise 1.1a
• Determine what comes next in the given patterns:

1. A, C, E, G, I, __
2. 15 10 14 10 13 10 __
3. 3 6 12 24 48 96 __
4. 27 30 33 36 39 __
5. 41 39 37 35 33 __
World Population
Exponential Growth
𝐴 = 𝑃𝑒 𝑟𝑡
A = size of the population
P = initial number of people
r = rate of growth
t = time
e = Euler’s constant (2.718)
Population Growth
The exponential growth model 𝐴 = 30𝑒 0.02𝑡 describes

the population of the city in the Philippines in thousands,
t years after 1995.
a. What was the population of the city in 1995?
b. What will be the population in 2017?
Board work
0.07𝑡
The exponential growth model 𝐴 = 50𝑒 describes
the population of the city in the Philippines in thousands,
t years after 1997.
a. What was the population after 20 years?
b. What will be the population in 2037?
Exercise Set 1.1b
• Solve for the missing quantity
1. P = 680,000; r = 12% per year; t = 8 years
2. A = 1,240,000; r = 8% per year; t = 30 years
3. A = 786,000; P=247,000; t=17 years
4. A = 731,093; P = 525,600; r=3% per year
• Answer completely.
Suppose the population of a certain bacteria in a laboratory sample
is 100. If it doubles in population every 6 hours, what is the growth
rate? How many bacteria will there be in two days?
TRUE OR FALSE
MATHEMATICS is difficult to
understand because its application in
the real-world is rarely seen.
Section 1.2
The Fibonacci Sequence
28
Sequence
A sequence is an ordered list of numbers called

terms, that may have repeated values. The
arrangement of these terms is set by a definite
rule.
Generating a Sequence
Analyze the given sequence for its rule and identify the next
three terms:
• 1, 10, 100, 1000
• 2, 5, 9, 14, 20
Try this!
1. 16, 32, 64, 128
2. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8
0+1 = 1 0, 1, 1
1+1 = 2 0, 1, 1, 2
1+2 = 3 0, 1, 1, 2, 3
2+3 = 5 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5
3+5 = 8 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8
5+8 = 13 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13
… 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, …
Leonardo of Pisa (Fibonacci)
The Fibonacci Sequence is formed by adding the preceding

two numbers, beginning with 0 and 1.
Ratios of two Fibonacci numbers approximate the Golden

Ratio, (ϕ) which considered as the most aesthetically pleasing
proportion.
Exercise 1.2
• Let Fib(n) be the nth term of the Fibonacci Sequence.
1. Find Fib (8)
2. Find Fib (19)
3. If Fib (22) = 17,711, and Fib(24) = 46,368, what is Fib(23)?
4. Evaluate the following sums:
a. Fib(1) + Fib (2) =
b. Fib(1) + Fib (2) + Fib(3) =
c. Fib(1) + Fib (2) + Fib(3) + Fib(4) =
5. Determine the pattern in the successive sums from the previous
question. What will be the sum of Fib (1) + Fib (2) + … + Fib(10)?
Section 1.3
Mathematics for our World
35
Mathematics for Organization
Mathematics for Prediction
Mathematics for Control
Mathematics is Indispensable
“How is it possible that mathematics, a product of human

thought that is independent of experience, fits so excellently the
objects of reality?”
- Albert Einstein
EVALUATION
• Create a two to three page synthesis paper focusing
on one of the following aspects of mathematics:
a. Mathematics helps organize patterns and regularities in
the world.
b. Mathematics helps predict the behavior of nature and
phenomena in the world.
c. Mathematics helps control nature and occurrences in
the world for our own ends.

Chapter 1 - Nature of Mathematics

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Chapter 1 - Nature of Mathematics

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Mathematics in the

Patterns and Numbers in Nature

Patterns are regular, repeated, or recurring forms or

The types of symmetry depends

Determine the angle of rotation of:

Finding the optimum

𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 π 𝑐𝑚2

• Determine what comes next in the given patterns:

The exponential growth model 𝐴 = 30𝑒 0.02𝑡 describes

The Fibonacci Sequence

A sequence is an ordered list of numbers called

The Fibonacci Sequence is formed by adding the preceding

Ratios of two Fibonacci numbers approximate the Golden

Mathematics for our World

“How is it possible that mathematics, a product of human

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