TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS
1. (within individual)
What can you say to us about the technology you commonly
use?
Unsay maingon nimo bahin sa mga teknolohiya nga personal
nimong tiggamit?
Can you describe how you use it in your activities of daily
living?
Mahulagway ba nimo kung giunsa nimo kini paggamit sa
imong mga kalihokan sa adlaw-adlaw nga pagkinabuhi?
What role do you think this plays in your health?
Para nimo, unsa ang papel ani sa kahimsog sa imong
panglawas?
2. (within family)
What can you say about the devices used within your family?
Unsay maingon nimo sa mga devices nga tiggamit sa imong
pamilya?
Can you say that these devices give you better access to
health services?
Makaingon raba ka nga mas dali mo maka-access ug mga
health services gamit ni nga mga device?
Can you say that this affects family bonding and why?
Makaingon ba ka nga makababag kini sa family bonding
ninyo ug ngano man?
3. (within community)
Can you say that devices as means of communication are
easily accessible in your community?
Makaingon ba ka nga kining mga devices kay dali ra ma-
access sa inyong komunidad?
Can you say that these devices help bring better health service
in your community?
Makaingon ba ka nga makatabang ug pagpalambo sa access
sa health services ni nga mga devices or teknolohiya sa
inyong komunidad?
RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICAL FACTORS
1. (within individual)
Can you say that your religion helped you cope up with your
illness?
Makaingon ba ka nga nakatabang ang imong relihiyon para
maka cope-up kas imong kondisyon?
Have you tried consulting with a traditional healer?
Nakasuway na ba ka ug pakonsulta sa mga tradisyonal nga
mananambal?
“I usually, every day, spend my time in front of the computer
because I work at home. 4-11 yung shift ko”
“Aside from my work, yung gadget na cellphone pa minsan-
minsan, sometimes lang, pero dili kaayo pirme, mucheck lang
kung naay mga messages. Pero dili jud ingnon na sige jud
tanaw Facebook, sige tanaw bisag unsa. For communication
lang jud akong cellphone.”
“Most likely nakahatag og contributing factor is job siguro,
pero dili siya ingon na maoy cause sa contributing factor sa
akong sakit.”
“Sa na observe nako mostly is cellphone jud. I see my family
glued to cellphone. Except for my youngest child kay mix
siya either computer or cellphone.”
“Well, karon na technology, gamit jud siya. Naay mga
hospitals na nigamit na og messenger para pagschedule ug
reach out sa mga patients. Dako juy siyag katabang,
especially kung ang mga patients lagyo. Need dayon og
information dissemination.”
“Dako siyag effect, especially, depends on the person na
mugamit sa devices. Ug ang enforcement sad sa parents kung
unsaon nila pag discipline or pag take off attention sa mga
children sa paggamit sa cellphone kung kagrabe na siya ka
addictive or pabaya na
“I can say sa among area kay naa jud siyay communication.
Well-established ang mga houses”
“Regarding sa health service, makatabang jud siya. It depends
lang jud siya sa paggamit sa tao”
“Mentally, we sometimes think na naay contributing factor
ang atong faith, but it depends yun [because] what the mind
thinks, the body man sad may mo-follow but not necessarily
every time, it works. So, I can say that it depends lang jud sa
commitment ug sa utok sa tawo.”
“Actually, naka consult kog inana but since naa man koy
medical experience, wala sad kaayo ko mo lean towards ana.
Pero, gi persuade man jud ko sa akong in-laws, inana ba, kay
wala man sad mawala [kung mo suway]. At least, conscious

2. (within family)
What can you say about the religion that your family
practices?
Unsay maingon nimos relihiyon nga gituohan ninyo sa imong
pamilya?
Does your family’s religious and philosophical beliefs affect
your views on health?
Nakaapekto ba ang mga pagtuong pang relihiyon ug pang
pilosopiya sa imong pamilya bahin sa imong panan-aw sa
panglawas?
3. (within community)
What beliefs or philosophies are found in your community
that affect how they view their health?
Unsa nga mga pagtuo o pilosopiya ang makita sa inyong
komunidad nga nakaapekto sa panglantaw nilas kahimsog sa
panglawas
Does your community’s common religious beliefs affect your
views on health and wellness in any way?
Sa bisan unsang paagi, nakaapekto ba ang komon nga
relihiyosong pagtuo sa imong komunidad sa imong
panglantaw sa kahimsog ug panglawas?
KINSHIP AND SOCIAL FACTORS
1. (within individual)
Do you find it easy to get along with other people you know
and also those who you just met?
Wala raba kay problema or dili raba ka maglisud
makigsturya sa imo mga kaila or kung sa mga tao bag o pa
nimo na kauban?
Are there any health related practices you are observing? And
if so, what are they?
Naa ba tay mga gibuhat para mahimsug ang lawas? Mga
unsa man kini?
2. (within family)
As a family what do you value the most? Like family times
and the like
Isip usa ka pamilya, unsa may importante para sa inyo?
Parihas anang mag kuyog ba mo or unsa pa man
Can you tell us a thing or two about you, your wife, and your
children, maybe your roles in the family or your hopes for
them?
Pwede ba nimo isulta isa or duha ka butang about sa imo isig
ka pamilya
Are there any family health histories such as illness or disease
that may be affecting your health?
Naa ba tay mga health history mahitungod sa mga sakit sa
imong pamilya nga nakaapekto sa atong panglawas?
ka kung unsay gibuhat. At least, kahibaw ka kung unsay
apekto o unsay dili.”
“Well, murag makaingon lang jud ko nga standard lang jud
amoa— go to church every Sunday, observe respect within
the boundaries of the family. We’re just basically a common
family.”
“Wala kaayo ko mo tend sa religious factors regarding to my
health but maybe sometimes, you can always ask for—
makapangayo jud ka [og tabang]. Like maka pray jud ka
sometimes, di nimo malikayan kay you were brought up to
this type of religion so sometimes, makalingi jud ka.”
“Naa sad [koy mabantayan] sometimes, kanang mga tuo-tuo
nga kanang kung gabii, mga common superstitions.”
“Wala, dili ko makaingon nga naka-apekto jud siya.”
Yes, depends on the response of the person I’m talking with.
But most likely work and neighbors are the people I
encounter, just by common greetings like “Hi, Hello,
Goodbye”
As what I’ve observed, these are my eating habits or my daily
intake that I’m used to
My priority is always the social gatherings as a family,
getting together. Like during family dinners, eating together
or at least twice a week if ever the family is busy with work
or school. At least we have spent time talking getting to know
what is their ups and downs so that we can give advice.
My wife is the boss of the family, whatever comes, it is
always channeled to my wife. Children, are pasaway,
however it brings joy to the family, because there is no
perfect family. So most likely, every member of the family
gives meaning to my life which pushes me to fight
My parents, though they are out of the country, my dad has
diabetes and some health complications including my mother.
However, regarding to my family in the house, I’m concerned
with my wife because she sometimes have high blood
pressure. But my children are all healthy, so I’m more

3. (within community)
Do you consider your family and those people important to
you to be influential in your health related practices?
Gi konsiderar ba nimo imo pamilya ug mga tao nga
importante sa imo impluwensya sa mga lain2 buhatonon
para kaayohan sa lawas?
What positive and also negative effects do you think your
outdoor activities such as transportation, leisure, job, and the
like have on your health?
Unsay mga nindut ug unsa say mga bati nga epekto sa imong
mga buhatonon gawas sa balay parihas anang imong
trabaho, transportation, kalingawan, ug unsa paman sa
imong panglawas?
CULTURAL VALUES, BELIEFS, AND LIFEWAYS
1. (within individual)
What is your ethnicity Sir or what ethnic group do you belong
to in the Philippines? “cebuano” —-Naka influence ba
imong ethnicity sa imong mga beliefs?
- What are your spiritual, cultural beliefs or practices related
to health, death, illness?
- Does your beliefs affect the kind of medical care you would
like to be provided? (Or you would like your medical
professional to provide for you.).
- Are there any other restrictions in regards to your culture
regarding your health? ( related to nurse-client relationship,
sexuality, exposure to body parts)
- Does your culture affect the way you see yourself or
changes in your body as a result from your illness? (Ex.
Strength, importance of appearance, beauty, roles in cultural
group)
- Do you have special food preferences, food refusals because
of culture? “ Naa bakay mga gipangbawal kan.on tungod sa
imong culture”
- Do you have a particular nutritional practice such as
abstinence of alcoholic drinks, fermented beverages,
smoking, drugs or any medications? —- or Do you still drink
alcoholic beverages— if yes, how often…
- Do you engage in any recreational activities? What? How
often? Does your current situation affect your ability to do
the things you like doing? (Jogging, walking…) How does it
make you feel that you are unable to participate in these
activities?
- Are there any activities you do not wish to participate in
because of culture? If naa why?
2. (within family)
who are your major support people?
- Who in the family takes responsibility for health concerns?
concerned on my wife.
Yes, definitely, they give and have significant influence,
family and friends. Especially the act of support as well as
financial support.
It really has a big impact, especially during pandemic,
regarding with my situation in which I have an existing
disease. So small things like cough, has already a big impact
on my health. Regarding with my job, it’s not a hard labor
job, it’s only an office job, so it’s not that affecting much with
my health.
“Murag mag Cebuano raman siguro”, “ wala, depende siguro
ky muana sila, mga cebuano mga highblood ky sigeg kaon ug
baboy”As verbalized by K.R.G
“Ang belief nako is do good lang sad, don't do unto others
what others dont want to do unto you, basically, behave lang
jud ka ba”
“Sa ako beliefs ky wala siya”
“Well, pasalamat lang ko sa akong religion except sa other
religion nga naa silay restriction nga dili magpakita, pero as a
Roman Catholic pud, wala raman silay restriction nga ing ana
”
“Naa siyay slight nga consciousness, nga sometimes ma
conscious ka nga na ing ana ka pero dili siya maka affect sa
imo day to day”
“Wala, Cebuano mukaon jud nag bisag unsa”
“Not on my culture but more on discipline, wala kaayo ko ug
alcohol, beverages, smoking, so dili siya sa culture but more
on commitment nako nga dili ko muinom and dili ko
manigarilyo”
“Previously, marathon and badminton pero now, wala na”
”Let down sad usahay, sad, kanang usahay ganahan sad ko
mukuan but due to the condition, acceptance nalang”
“No, actually ganahan ko mo participate ug mo experience sa
other culture as long as dili lang sya considered hazardous or
out of the ordinary”
“Major support people is my wife, my children, my parents
and my sister”
“Definitely my wife”
- Does your family play an important role in daily living?
- What role does your family members play in relation to
your cultural beliefs or practices
-kinsa ang mga tao nga naga supporta nimo kanunay
-kinsa sa pamilya ang mo take responsibility sa health
concerns (?)
-importante ba ang pamilya sa imong kinabuhi
3. (within community)
-Are you part of a spiritual community?
- Do you receive healthcare from ethnic or cultural
organizations? (Organization for OFW’s, community based
healthcare programs or clinics?
- Does your community have any cultural beliefs or
practices? How do you perceive these cultural beliefs and
practices?
- How does the culture in your community help you in your
day to day living? Or (how does your community help you in
your daily living?
- apil baka ug spiritual na komunidad
- Naga kuha baka ug tabang panglawas sa mga cultural na
organization
- Naa bay mga cultural practices imong komunidad
- Nakatabang ba ang kultura sa imong komunidad sa imong
panginabuhi
POLITICAL AND LEGAL FACTORS
1. (within individual)
What do you think about the government planning to make
kidney problems a national priority)
Unsa ang imong hunahuna bahin sa plano sa gobyerno nga
himuong prayoridad ang mga problema sa kidney?
Can you say that you can easily access public policies on
health? (PhilHealth, etc.)
Makaingon ba ka nga dali raka maka access sa mga
panglawas nga polisiya sa gobyerno?
2. (within family)
What political issues do you think would affect your family’s
access to public health policies?
Unsa nga mga political issue ang para nimo makaapektar sa
pag-access sa imong pamilya sa mga panglawas nga polisiya
sa gobyerno?
Can you say that there are enough public health policies to
protect you and your family?
Makaingon ba ka nga sapat ra ang mga pampublikong
polisiya sa gobyerno para maprotektahan imong pamilya?
3. (within community)
What are the political issues within your community that
affect the delivery of public health policies to the people?
Unsa ang mga political issue sa inyong komunidad nga
nakababag sa paghatag sa pampublikong polisiya bahin sa
panglawas paras mga tawo?
“Greatly, in assisting my day to day living”
“My wife prepares my meal and sometimes reminds of my
medication and sometimes my children they give me
massage, therapeutic massage especially when I am unable to
go to sleep due to insomnia”
“What I can say is, taking time to unwind, every sunday
going to mass, or attending sa online mass just to unwind and
be with the family”
“Diri sa among subdivision ky mga fiestas, during that time
only”
“Sa ethnic or cultural ky wala pero sa government ky naa”
“Ah yes naa, cultural beliefs kanang mga fiesta, ug sa chapel”
“Good siyas community at least maka get together sa
neighborhood, maka get to know sa mga bag o nga neighbors,
unsay mga nahitabo, naay information”
“Ï am not pretty sure kung naa jud siyay na apil sa health pero
most likely naa jud ky sa community namo, naa man jud
siyay mindset na kailangan limpyo jud ba, dili magpataka ug
labay sa garbage, boundaries nga dili magsaba saba inig gabie
na, mga ing ana
"Well, my thought based on my knowledge long time ago, gi-
implement nana siya pero wala lang jud siyay reinforcement,
or atleast wala siya. Ang uban services wala siya gi look-up,
kato rang common"
"Prior to my first Philhealth, wala kayko kahibaw asay
information but usually magkasige nakag kasakit, magets na
nimo ang information aha ka padulong. And yes, accessible
ra siya".
"Unsa may political issues? Wala kayko ---- most likely ang
mga politixal issues is kanang kalangay sa response sa
government, mao ra jud na siya".
"I can say is naay daghan, most likely implementation
lingerie og implementation dissemination nalay kuwangan".
"One factor is reaching out og separation. Most likely kay
regardless matan-aw sa uban official ---- "ay arang-arangan
diay ning subdivision, unahon nalang natoh ang mas
nangihanglan" mura siyag in-ana. Dili jud siya ingon bah na
i-level out nimo tanan regardless kung unsay status nimo.
Kailangan level jud siya".
Can you say that your community is able to freely exercise
their thoughts and opinions about health policies to the local
government in your area?
Sa inyong komunidad, makaingon ba ka nga dali ramo
makasulti didtos inyong local nga gobyerno sa inyong mga
gihuna-hina bahin sa mga pampublikong polisiya sa
panglawas?
ECONOMIC FACTORS
1. (within individual)
What are your thoughts on how your illness affects your
finances?
Unsa imong maingon bahin sa epekto sa imong sakit ngadtos
imong finances?
“Thats why nakaingon ko nga dakog importance ang akong
What are your means of providing for the needs of your
family?
Unsa may mga pamaagi nimo para matustosan ang kada
adlaw nga panghinanghlan nimo ug sa imohang
kaugalingong pamilya?
“Grateful! Sometimes, usahay makaingon ta nga naa juy times
(Acknowledging), And how do you feel about it?
Ug unsa man imohang masulti bahin niini?
2. (within family)
With that being said, do you and your family have any
financial savings or investment like health insurance/ Life
plans? Do you have other family members helping you with
your expenses?
Naa ba moy mga health insurance or life insurance parehas
anang st.peter sa inyong pamilya? Naa ba moy lain nga mga
parente nga nitabang paras imong mga gasto sa tambal ug
uban pa?
How are your finances for housing, food, water and
electricity, medical needs, transportation, and other expenses?
Kumusta man ang inyong pag gasto para sa pagkaon, balay,
tubig ug kuryente, medikal nga panghinanglan,
transportasyon ug uban pa?
3. (within community)
How does the government assist in alleviating the amount of
your expenses?
Giunsa pagtabang sa gobyerno para mugamay imong mga
gasto?
In what way does the inflation rate of all the goods that can
be found in the market affects you and your community?
Sa unsang mga pamaagiha nga naka apekto nimo ug sa
inyong komunidad ang pag-saka sa mga presyo sa tanang
pamalitonon sa merkado?
EDUCATIONAL FACTORS
"I can say yes sa among area kay nakit-an man namo ang mga
officials, og mga musulod sa among are nga mu-house to
house jud sila".
“Greatly jud. Maka affect jud siya especially sa mga
expense sa treatment ug medication, dako jd na siya ug
contributing factor.”
parents, akong sisters, contributing factors nga
nakatabang nako.”
nga feeling nga kuan ka makaingon ka nga supposed to be
nga maningkamot ka. Pero mind thinking rana sa tao nga
dili ka accept ug tabang ba, kinahanglan if naay
opportunity nga ang tao motabang nimo, imo sad i take
nga matabangan ka.”
“Regarding sa insurance in ana, savings ra, walay juy
insurance. Except nako, kay nag work man ko, naa man
koy insurance. Pero extended diay ni akong wife so most
likely akong mga children, wala silay insurance. Savings
lang jud ug financial support sa family.”
“Regarding sa housing, family owned man ni we do not rent
the house or the land. So, what our concern is food and
tuitions sa school. But, we can afford naman sa akong
pay. And, ang gilikayan lang namo is kanang big
expenses kanang ma hospital mga in ana mga hospital
kay dagko mana sila. Pero ug education lang or masakit
in ana, okay ra ma-afford ra.
“Greatly jud sya! Dako jd syag natabang especially sa
government facilities ug sa mga supplies nga bag-o lang nako
nahibaw-an. Bag-o nga within 3 months pa nako nahibaw-an
nga existing diay siya. Mao to akong nasulti nga information
dissemination kuwangan jd sa mga tao kay I was on this
medication sa private treatment kanang mogasto kog mga
dako kaayo, mga thousands in ana. Pero nahibaw-an dayun
nako nga libre diay ni siya sa government, wa jud koy
mabayran. Akong mabayran kay plite rajud. So, dako jd siyag
na save.”
“(Laughs) Greatly jud siya ang inflation! Especially kanang i
manipulate ang… you know naman katong sibuyas nga
nikalit lang ug dako kayg presyo ug kanang mga sugars in
ana tungod lang sa… So, dako jud siyag… especially if gamit
siya sa pag luto, makaingon jud kog dako jud siyag impact.”
 1. (within individual)
Can you tell me more about your educational experience? “I took up the course EC, electronics communication, then
Unsay maingon nimo bahin sa imong educational work, and then excited to go back to school again, took up
experience? bachelors in nursing, and then decided to work again.”

What can you say about how education affected how you “For me, nakaaffect na siya gamay, kay naa koy education.
view your health? Because of more of naagdan na nimo, so mabaliwala imong
Unsay maingon nimo bahin sa giunsa pag-apektar sa imong education. Padayon sa imong binuhatan na dili maayo.
edukasyon ang panglantaw nimos imong panglawas?
“Knowing na mao diay ni siyay contributing factor, knowing
What changed in your behavior and attitudes towards your
na mao siyay effect, so naan a kay knowledge, enlightenment
health when you got your education?
na di na ka mobuhat og inani, naay cause and effect.”
Unsay nabag-o sa imong pamatasan bahin sa imong
kahimsog sa dihang nakakuha ka sa imong edukasyon?

2. (within family)
How much importance do you place on your family getting “Dako jud siya na contributing factor na mahatag naho sa
an education? akong children. At least, naa silay caliber na magamit nila sa
Unsa kadakong importansya ang imong gihatag sa ilang kinabuhi.”
edukasyon sa imong pamilya?
“Maka provide og values sa children bisag dili siya
Can you describe what your ideal school is for your children? achievement. Basta at least proud ka ba na part siya sa
Makahulagway ba kas imong ideal nga skwelahan para sa community na wala siya makahatg og problem tungod kay
imong mga anak? nainfluence siya sa school na wala siyay tarong na
administration.”
How did education and literacy affect the overall family
dynamic?
“Nakaaffect siya kay self-sufficient na siya, kahibaw na siya
Giunsa pagapektar edukasyon ug literasiya ang dynamics sa
unsay buhaton, dependent na siya.”
pamilya? (ang batasan or ang paagi sa pag communicate or
ang koneksyon sa pamilya)

3. (within community)
What can you say about the educational institutions in your “Kina-dul namo diri is public school, but I can see na
community? improvement na siya because naan a siyay budget. Di pareho
Unsay maingon nimo bahin sa mga skwelahan sa inyong sauna na pina karaan. Up to date siya sa future.”
komunidad?
“Mostly naa diri sa community namo kay naa sa work or
What can you say about the level of education of the people home tong mga educated individuals. Pero kadtong mga less
in your community? opportunistic, most likely maoy makitan sa community.”
Unsay maingon nimo bahin sa lebel sa edukasyon sa mga
tawo sa inyong komunidad?
“Dako siyag effect especially kung tuo-tuo ra sa usa ka tao, so
dako siyag impact sa health sa usa ka individual. Especially
How does high/low levels of education affect health
kung iyang practices kay dili approved.”
perceptions of people from your community?
Giunsa pag apektar sa mubo/taas nga lebel sa edukasyon
ang panglantaw sa mga tawo bahin sa ilang panglawas