• Lecture- 01

• Physics

• Force and Pressure

➢ By- Alok Choubey Sir

Topics
to be
covered 1) Force

2) Types of Force

3) Pressure

4) Atmospheric Pressure
 Objective

❑ At the end of this lesson, students will be able to :

• Define force.
• List the properties of force.
• Understand the effects of force.
• Distinguish contact and non-contact forces.
• List properties of pressure exerted by solids, liquids and gases.
• List the effects of pressure on human activities.
• Define atmospheric pressure.
Class me aane
wale kuch bacche
 FORCE Will this ball
start moving
Force is physical quantity that brings an object
on it’s own?
from rest to motion or motion to rest.

Object at rest will Why did the Object in motion will

remain at rest ball slow remain in motion.
down?

What if there
is no force?
Force
 Question

Pappu is applying ______ on the box

A Push

B Pull

C Push and Pull Both

D None of these
Exploring Force
 Forces acting in same Forces acting in
direction opposite direction
2N

5N
8N 5N 3N
3N

❑ Effective force is equal to additional ❑ Effective force is equal to subtraction

of forces. of forces.
❑ Effective force is in direction of larger
force.
 Question
Find net force

145 N 105 N

A 45 N

B 25 N

C 40 N

D 50 N
 Question
Find net force

10 N 25 N
A 5N

B 55 N 15 N 55 N

C 30 N

D 25 N
Effects of Force
 EFFECTS OF FORCE
How do you By its effects !!!!
Can
No
know
CHANGE
MOTION
Force
there
→
beis
IN SPEED
→ MOTION
RESTseen ? REST FORCE
The player hits the (brakes /
ball to
force ? accelerator) is used to
change theFORCE
direction
(caught) is used
change the speed.
By stepping brakes / to change the state from
The
When
ball is
thecaught
ball isby
accelerator, speed changes motion to rest
kicked,
the fielder
ball moves
CHANGE IN SHAPE Force (stretch) is used
to change the shape
FORCE (hit) is
used to change the
direction
FORCE (Kick) is used to
Rubber string is stretched
change the state from
rest to motion

CHANGE IN DIRECTION
 EFFECTS OF FORCE

Rest → Motion Motion → Rest Change in speed

So the different effects of force are

Change in direction Change in shape

 Question
A force cannot change

A State of motion

B Direction of motion

C Size of object

D Mass of object
 Question
What is happening here

A Change in mass

B Change in colour

C Change in shape

D Change in direction
 FORCE
Contact Forces Non Contact Forces

A force which acts through a direct Are of two

contact of objects is called types
Contact force

1 Muscular Force

2 Frictional Force
 1 Muscular Force

Can you lift a bucket of

water without holding it?

No !!!! To apply a force on an object, body

has to be in contact with the object.
The force resulting due to the action of
muscles is known as the muscular force
 2 Frictional Force

When we stop pedalling a bicycle, it gradually

slows down and finally comes to a stop
The force responsible for changing the state of
motion of ball is the FORCE OF FRICTION

Friction acts opposite to the direction of motion

Friction

motion
 Question
Which force is applying here

A Friction force

B Muscular force

C Electrostatic force

D No force is applying
 Question
Fill the black box

A Friction force

B Muscular force

C Electrostatic force

D No force is applying
 FORCE
Contact Forces Non Contact Forces

A force which acts through a direct A force which acts between two
contact of objects is called objects even if they are not in
Contact force contact is called Non contact force

1 Muscular Force 1 Gravitational Force

2 Frictional Force 2 Electrostatic Force

3 Magnetic Force
 FORCE
Contact Forces Non Contact Forces

A force which acts through a direct A force which acts between two
contact of objects is called objects even if they are not in
Contact force contact is called Non contact force

1 Muscular Force 1 Gravitational Force

2 Frictional Force 2 Electrostatic Force

3 Magnetic Force
1 Gravitational Force

Objects get pulled towards

earth due to force of gravity.

Remember !!!
Gravitational force is always
a force of attraction
 Question
Two object repel each other. This repulsion could be due to

A Magnetic force only

B Muscular force only

C Electrostatic force only

D Either an electrostatic force or a magnetic force

 Question
Apple is falling downward due to

A Magnetic force

B Gravitational force

C Electrostatic force

D Either by electrostatic force or by magnetic force

Question

Column A Column B

1) Force a) Unit of force

2) Friction force b) Always attractive in nature

3) Magnetic Force c) Attractive as well as repulsive

4) Gravitational Force d) Can change the speed of an object

5) newton e) Oppose the motion of an object

 Let us understand pressure

Why tyres in heavy

vehicles are wider ?

Have you ever wondered, why a

camel can walk on the sand easily ?
Why do school bags have broad shoulder straps ?

(i) The pressure produced by a given force

depends on the area of the surface on
which the force acts.
(ii) Greater the surface area less is the pressure
produced.
(ii) School bags have broad shoulder straps so that
the weight of the bag is distributed on a large
surface and hence pressure decreases on the
shoulder.
FLUIDS
Substances which can flow
are called Fluids.

LIQUIDS GASES
FLUIDS

FLUIDS EXERT PRESSURE

LIQUIDS GASES
PRESSURE IN SOLID

Solids exert pressure

due to its weight
PRESSURE IN FLUIDS

Liquids exert pressure on

base and wall of container
PRESSURE IN FLUIDS

Gases exert pressure

in all directions
PRESSURE IN FLUIDS

Gases exert pressure

in all directions
Let us understand different activities for liquid pressure
Liquid exerts pressure
As depth increases, At a certain depth,
sideways on the walls of
pressure increases. pressure remains same.
container.
 Atmospheric pressure H2 O2
Ar2 CO2
The pressure that the
atmosphere exerts is called
atmospheric pressure. CO2
N2

O2
H2

H2 O2

N2 N2

Ar2 Ar2
CO2 H2
Atmospheric pressure We knowHow
thatdo
thewe
atmosphere extends
survive carrying to a
such
hundredstremendous
of kilometres.
weight on our head ?

This is because, inside body we have fluids, which

exert outward pressure. So we do not feel the
atmospheric pressure
1000 kg

10 cm × 10 cm
Applications of atmospheric pressure

1 Rubber sucker
 Rubber sucker
Air

Air
Air
 Rubber sucker
Air pushed out Why a rubber sucker
sticks to the glass ?

Atmospheric
pressure
Applications of atmospheric pressure

1 Rubber sucker

2 Ink dropper

Ink dropper
 Ink dropper

Ink dropper Ink enters the dropper till the pressure in the bulb
Atmospheric pressure becomes equal to atmospheric pressure.

Air is pushed out, creating low

pressure in the bulb.

Ink bottle
Thank You
Baccho!