ভেক্টর

QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ
†f±i
লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

একাডেমিক পাটথ
Ávbg~jK I Abyaveb
GKK †f±i (AvqZ GKK †f±i)
= †h †f±‡ii gvb GKK Zv‡K GKK †f±i e‡j|
= †h †f±‡ii cv`we›`y wbw`©ó bq ev †h †f±‡ii cv`we›`y B”Qvbyhvqx cwieZ©b Kiv hvq Zv‡K ¯^vaxb †f±i
e‡j|
Ae¯’vb †f±i
= cÖm½ KvVv‡gvi g~j we›`yi mv‡c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv we›`yi Ae¯’vb †h †f±‡ii mv‡_ wbY©q Kiv ev wb‡`©k Kiv nq
Zv‡K Ae¯’vb †f±i e‡j|
Kvj©, WvBfvi‡RÝ, †MÖwW‡q›U
= Acv‡iUi V Ges V Gi µm ev †f±i ¸Yb Øviv ZvrÿwbKfv‡e Nyb©b A‡ÿi w`‡K GKwU †f±i cvIqv
hvq| G RvwZq ¸b‡K Kvj© e‡j|
k~b¨ ‡f±i
= †h †f±‡ii gvb k~b¨ Zv‡K bvj ev ïb¨ †f±i e‡j|
Acv‡iUi
= †h MvwYwZK wP‡ýi Øviv GKwU †f±i ivwk‡K Ab¨ GKwU †¯‹jvi ev †f±i ivwk‡Z iƒcvšÍi Kiv hvq ev
†Kv‡bv cwieZ©bkxj †f±i ivwki e¨vL¨v †`qv hvq Zv‡K †f±i Acv‡iUi e‡j|
jwä †f±i
= `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i ivwk †hv‡M †h GKwU bZzb †f±i ivwk nq Zv‡K G‡ì jwä †f±i e‡j|
N~Y©vqgvb †Kvb KYvi e¨vmva© †f±i Ges KYvi Ici cÖhy³ e‡ji †f±i ¸Ydj‡K UK© e‡j|
`ywU mgvš—ivj †f±‡ii GKwUi gvb AciwUi wecixZ ivwk n‡j G‡ì‡K ci¯ú‡ii wecÖZxc
†f±i e‡j|
hw` GKwU mvgvš—wi‡Ki †Kvb †KŠwYK we›`y †_‡K Aw¼Z `ywU mwbœwnZ evû Øviv †Kvb KYvi
Dci GKKvjxb wµqvkxj GKB RvZxq `ywU †f±‡ii gvb I w`K wb‡`©k Kiv nq, Zvn‡j H we›`y
†_‡K Aw¼Z mvgvš—wi‡Ki KY©wU †f±i `ywUi wgwjZ d‡ji ev jwäi gvb I w`K wb‡`©k K‡i|

Fsin θ
cÖwZwµqv ej F
Fcos θ
W
wµqvej
nvuUvi mgq Avgiv f~wg‡K cv w`‡q Zx_©K ej cÖ‡qv‡M †cQ‡bi w`‡K †V‡j †`B| wbDU‡bi Z…Zxq m~Îvbymv‡i
f~wg Avgv‡ì Dci GKwU cÖwZwµqv ej F cÖ‡qvM K‡i| aiv hvK, cÖwÎwµqv ej f~wgi mv‡_ Q †Kv‡Y wµqv
K‡i| G cÖwZwµqv ej `ywU Dcvs‡k wef³ nq| Dj¤^ Dcvsk Fsin θ hv Avgv‡ì IRb wKQzUv n«vm K‡i
Ges Avbyf~wgK Dcvsk Fcos θ Avgv‡ì mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|
= †f±i A I B Gi ga¨Z©x †Kvb θ =900 n‡j,

A . B =ABcos900=0 [ cos900=0]
AZGe, gvb ïb¨ bq Ggb `ywU †f±‡ii WU ¸bdj ïb¨ n‡j Giv ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e|
= `ywU Amgvb †f±‡ii jwä ïb¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv| e¨vL¨vt P I Q †f±i `ywU hw`  †Kv‡b bZ _v‡K, Z‡e
G‡ì jwäi gvb n‡e
R = P 2 + Q 2 + 2PQcos hLb  =180 ZLb R b~b¨Zg nq| A_©vr jwä †f±‡ii b~b¨Zg gvb,
R = P 2 + Q2 − 2PQ = (P - Q)2 = P − Q |†`Lv hv‡”Q, †Kej Ges †Kej hw` P=Q nq Z‡e R Gi
gvb ïb¨ n‡e| Ab¨_vq, jwäi b~b¨Zg gvb _vK‡e| myZivs `ywU Amgvb ‡f±‡ii jwä KL‡bvB ïb¨ n‡Z
cv‡i bv|
Fsin

Fcos
W = mg
awi, jb †ivjv‡ii fi = m
 jb †ivjv‡ii IRb = mg
jb †ivjv‡ii †Vjvi mgq F ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j  †Kv‡Y f‚wgi mv‡_, Zv `yBwU Dcvs‡k wef³ nq
hvi GKwU F sin  IRb eivei KvR K‡i|
 AvcwZZ IRb = w + F sin
GRb¨ jb †ivjvi †Vjvi mgq IRb †e‡o hvq|

−
g‡b Kwi, M GKwU †bŠKv| Gi O we›`y‡Z ¸Y †eu‡a OR eivei b`xi cvo w`‡q →F e‡j †U‡b †bIqv
n‡”Q| wefvRb c×wZ Øviv O we›`y‡Z F - †K `ywU Dcvs‡k wefvwRZ Kiv hvq; h_v−Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk I Dj¤^
Dcvsk| Ab~f‚wgK Dcvsk = F cos , Gi w`K OA eivei| Dj¤^ Dcvsk = Fsin, Gi w`‡K OB ievei| e‡ji
Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk F cos †bŠKv‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvq Ges Dj¤^ Dcvsk Fsin †bŠKvwU‡K c‡oi
w`‡K Uv‡b| wKš‘ †bŠKvi nvj Øviv Dj¤^ Dcvsk Fsin cÖwZnZ Kiv nq| ¸Y hZ j¤^v n‡e, - Gi gvb ZZ
Kg n‡e, d‡j sin-Gi gvb ZZ Kg n‡e Ges F cos-Gi gvb ZZ †ewk n‡e| d‡j †bŠKvwU `ª“Z mvg‡bi
w`‡K GwM‡q hv‡e|
†¯‹jvi ¸Y‡bi †¶‡Î →A I →B †f±iØ‡qi ga¨Kvi †KvY  n‡j G‡ì †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj →A . →B = AB cos
Ges →A . →B = BA cos; GLv‡b, A I B n‡jv h_vµ‡g †f±iØ‡qi gvb|
myZivs, →A . →B = →B . →A
wKš‘ →A  →B = AB sin  ^ Ges →B  →A = AB sin ()
^
= − AB sin ^
→ → → → → → → →
 A  B = − B  A ev, A  B  B  A
`ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Yb wewbgq m~Î †g‡b Pj‡jI †f±i ¸YbZv †g‡b P‡j bv|

g‡b Kwi, †Kv‡bv ev·‡K †g‡Si Ici w`‡q †U‡b wb‡q hvIqvi †¶‡Î Gi Ici iwk Øviv F gv‡bi
ej cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡”Q Ges GB ej Abyf‚wg‡Ki mv‡_  †KvY Drcbœ K‡i| Zvn‡j ev·wU †U‡b wb‡q hvIqvi
†¶‡Î Kvh©Ki ej = cÖhy³ e‡ji Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk = F cos|
F

F cos 
j¶¨ Kwi †h, wbw`©ó gv‡bi F Gi Rb¨ F cos †ewk n‡e hw` cos Gi gvb †ewk nq ev  Gi gvb
Kg nq, GwU m¤¢e hw` iwki ˆ`N©¨ †ewk nq| GKvi‡YB, GKwU ev·‡K iwki mvnv‡h¨ †U‡b †bIqvi
†¶‡Î iwki ˆ`N©¨ †ewk n‡j Uvb‡Z myweav nq|

cÖ‡qvM I D”PZi `ÿZv

†ev‡W© cv‡ki Rb¨
০১. wecixZ cv‡o †cuŠQv‡Z mgq

প্রশ্নের ধরণঃ০১
B C D
30 ˆmÉ
vZ

63.43
A
wPÎvbyhvqx GKwU b`x 31 km cÖk¯—| `ywU BwÄb †evU AvovAvwo cvi nIqvi Rb¨ A n‡Z Awfbœ †e‡M
hvÎv ïi“ Kij hv‡ì GKwU AB eivei AciwU AC eivei| cÖ_gwU AvovAvwo cvi n‡q C we›`y‡Z
†cuŠQv‡jI wØZxqwU D we›`y‡Z †cuŠQvq| †mÖv‡Zi †eM 9 kmh−1|
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ †bŠKv `ywU GKB mg‡q b`xi Aci cv‡i †cuŠQvq wKbv MvwYwZK we‡klYmn
gZvgZ `vI|
সমোধোনঃ
†Ìqv Av‡Q, 2sin /2 cos/2
ev, =1
b`xi cÖ¯’, d = 31 km 2 cos2 /2
†mÖv‡Zi †eM, u = 9 kmh−1 ev, tan/2 = 1
ÔMÕ n‡Z cvB, †bŠKvi †eM, v = 18 ev, /2 = 45
kmh−1 ev,  = 90
†mÖv‡Zi †eM I 1g †bŠKvi †e‡Mi gaëZ©x awi, 1g †bŠKvi b`x cvi n‡Z t I 2q †bŠKvi
†KvY,  = 120 b`x cvi n‡Z t mgq jv‡M|
†mÖv‡Zi †eM I 2q †bŠKvi †e‡Mi gaëZ©x d 31
 t= = = 1.988
†KvY,  = ? v sin  18 sin 120
wØZxq †bŠKvi †¶‡Î, h
18 sin  d 31
tan63.43 = t = = = 1.722
9 + 18 cos  v sin  18 sin 90
2 sin  h
ev, 2 = MvwYwZK we‡klY †_‡K †`Lv hvq, t < t
1 + 2 cos 
sin  AZGe, †bŠKv `ywU GKB mg‡q b`xi Aci
ev, =1 cv‡i †cuŠQvq bv| 2q †bŠKvwU Av‡M b`xi Aci
1 + 2 cos 
cv‡i †cuŠQvq|

০২. e‡ji jwä wbY©q (b`x †bŠKv m¤úwK©Z g¨v_)
wb‡Pi wP‡Î Kwig I iwng `yRb gvwS w¯’i cvwb‡Z 500 kg f‡ii GKwU w¯’i †bŠKv‡K b`xi `yÕZxi
†_‡K `wo w`‡q 30 †Kv‡Y →
F e‡j Uvb‡Q| †bŠKvwU 5 wgwb‡U Zx‡ii mgvš—iv‡j 3.6 km c_ AwZµg
K‡i| Kwig iwng‡K e‡j Òmgvb Uv‡b G `~iZ¡ 5 wgwb‡Ui Kg mg‡q †cŠQv m¤¢e|Ó [†bŠKvi Zj I cvwbi
Nl©Y ej D‡c¶Yxq]|
500
kg b` xi cvo ng →
iw F
 = 30
 = 30
Kw
ig
b` xi cvo
3.6 km
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ DÏxc‡Ki →

F Gi gvb †ei Ki|
aiv hvK, Kwig I iwn‡gi cÖhy³ ej Ø‡qi †bŠKvi Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms−1
gaëZ©x †KvY 2| myZivs ej Ø‡qi jwä mgqKvj, t = 5 min = 300 sec
R = F2 + F2 + 2F  F cos2 miY, s = 3.6 km = 3600 m
= F 1 + 1 + 2 cos2 Avgiv Rvwb,
1 1
= F 2(1 + cos2) s = ut + 2 at2 = 2 at2
= F 22cos2 2 s 2  3600 m
= 2Fcos ev, a = t2 = (300 s)2 = 0.08
GLb cÖ`Ë ZÌvbymv‡i  = 30| myZivs ms−2
R = 2Fcos30 = 3F myZivs, 3 F = ma = 500 kg  0.08 ms−2 =
40 N
40 N
 F= = 23.094 N (Ans.)
3

03.cv‡oi w`‡K AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡
36 m PIov GKwU b`x‡Z 10 ms−1 †e‡M GKwU †bŠKv Pj‡Q (wPÎ-1)| †bŠKvwU b`x cvi n‡q wecixZ
Zx‡ii C we›`y‡Z †cŠQvj| b`x‡Z †mÖv‡Zi †eM 3ms−1|
B C
36 m Vb = 10
ms−1
37
A
w
Pò-1 Vr = 3 ms−1
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ b`xwUi wecixZ cv‡oi BC `yiZ¡ †ei Ki|

b`xi cÖ¯’ eivei †bŠKvi †e‡Mi Dcvsk = Vbsin37
= 10 ms−1  sin37 = 6.02 ms−1
d 36 m
 b`x cvi n‡Z mgq, t = 6.02 ms−1 = 6.02 ms−1 = 5.982 sec
b`xi cvo eivei †e‡Mi Dcvs‡ki †hvMdj = Vb  cos37 + Vr
= 10 ms−1  cos37 + 3 ms−1 = 10.986 ms−1
 `~iZ¡, BC = 10.986 ms−1  5.982 sec = 65.72 m (Ans.)

04.†f±i n‡Z GKK †f±i wbY©q [mgvšÍivj I Dj¤^ w`‡K]
Dî i
Y(−2, 1, 4) X(3, 2, 1)
cw
øg O cƒ
eÆ
`w
ÞY
DÏxc‡K X I Y we›`y `yBwU K‡j‡Ri Ae¯’vb wb‡`©k K‡i| O Dfq K‡j‡Ri hvÎv Ae¯’v‡bi mvaviY
we›`y|
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ ⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
OX , OY Gi Z‡ji Dci j¤^ GKK †f±i Ges OY , OX Gi Z‡ji
Dci j¤^ GKK †f±i, GKB n‡e wK? cÖ‡qvRbxq MvwYwZK we‡kl‡Yi gva¨‡g hyw³ `vI|
⎯→ ⎯→
OX  OY
সমোধোনঃ OX, OY Z‡ji Ici j¤^ GKK †f±i =
⎯→ ⎯→
⎯→ ⎯→
|OX  OY|
 î ^j ^k
GLv‡b, OX  OY =  3  ^ 2 1− ^j  3 1 + k^  3 2
1 =i
⎯→ ⎯→
2
 1 4 −2 4 −2 1
−2 1 4
= 7î − 14^j + 7k^
⎯→ ⎯→
Avevi, |OX  OY| = 72 + (−14)2 + 72 = 7 6
⎯→ ⎯→
OX  OY 7î − 14^j + 7k^ î − 2^j + k^
 ⎯→ ⎯→ = =
|OX  OY| 7 6 6
⎯→ ⎯→
⎯→ ⎯→ OY  OX
wKš‘ OY, OXGi Z‡ji Dci j¤^ GKK †f±i = ⎯→ ⎯→
|OY  OX|
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
my¯úóZ: OY  OX = − (OX  OY) = − 7 i + 14 j − 7k^
^ ^
⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→ ⎯→
Ges |OY  OX| = |OX  OY| = 7 6
⎯→ ⎯→
OY  OX −7î + 14^j − 7k^ î − 2^j + k^
 ⎯→ ⎯→ = =−
|OY  OX| 7 6 6
A_©vr j¤^ GKK †f±iØq gv‡b mgvb n‡jI w`‡K ci¯úi wecixZ|
⎯→ ⎯→
OX, OYGi Z‡ji Dci j¤^ GKK †f±i KvMRc„ô n‡Z j¤^fv‡e Lvov Ici w`‡K wµqv K‡i Ges
⎯→ ⎯→
OY, OX Gi Z‡ji Ici j¤^ GKK †f±i KvMRc„ô n‡Z j¤^fv‡e Lvov wb‡Pi w`‡K wµqv K‡i|

প্রশ্নের ধরণঃ০২
`ywU we›`yi wÎgvwÎK ¯’vbv¼ eë¯’vq ¯’vbv¼Øq h_vµ‡g A(1, 0, − 1) Ges B(1, 1, 0)|
→
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ AB †f±‡ii mgvš—iv‡j GKwU GKK †f±i wbY©q Ki
†Ìqv Av‡Q
A we›`yi ¯’vbv¼, A (1, 0, − 1) A
B we›`yi ¯’vbv¼, B (1, 1, 0)
A_©vr, †f±i ⎯→
AB = (1 − 1) î + (1 − 0) ^j + (0 + 1) k^
= ^j + k^
⎯→
AB †f±‡ii mgvš—iv‡j GKwU GKK †f±i,
⎯→
^ AB
n = ⎯→
|AB |
^
i + k^
=
(1)2 + (1)2
1 ^ 1 ^
= j + k (Ans.)
2 2

05.2wU †f±‡ii gaëZ©x †KvY

1
2
Dc‡ii wPÎ Abymv‡i OABC GKwU AvqZ‡¶Î| Gi OA Ges OB evû Øviv `ywU †f±i h_vµ‡g →
P
= î − 2^j − k^ Ges →
Q = 2î − 3^j + 2k^ wb‡`©wkZ n‡q‡Q| |→ →
P  Q | = 66
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ DÏxcK Abymv‡i 1 I 2 Gi g‡a¨ †KvbwU eo Zv MvwYwZK we‡kl‡Yi
mvnv‡h¨ †ei Ki|
  = 90 − 
|→
P  →
Q | = 66
=  − 
ev, PQ sin = 66 = 
ev, 12 + (−2)2 + (−1)2  Avevi,
22 + (−3)2 + 22  sin = 66  AOC Ges  OAB me©mg|
  = 53.55 AZGe, AOB = OAC
 OA Ges OB Gi Aš—M©Z †KvY,  =   =
53.55   = 53.55
 OABC GKwU AvqZ‡¶Î, AZGe,  > 
A_©vr, ,  A‡c¶v eo|
  AOC = 90

প্রশ্নের ধরণঃ০২
DÏxc‡K X I Y we›`y `yBwU K‡j‡Ri Ae¯’vb wb‡`©k K‡i| O Dfq K‡j‡Ri hvÎv Ae¯’v‡bi mvaviY
we›`y|
Dî i
Y(−2, 1, 4) X(3, 2, 1)
cw
øg O cƒ
eÆ
`w
ÞY
⎯→ ⎯→
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ OX I OY †f±iØ‡qi gaëZx© †KvY wbY©q Ki|
সমোধোনঃ GLv‡b, X we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ (3, 2, 1)
Y we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ (–2, 1, 4)
Zvn‡j,
⎯→ ⎯→
OX = 3î + 2^j + k^ Ges OY = − 2î + ^j + 4k^
†ei Ki‡Z n‡e, G‡ì gaëZx© †KvY,  = ?
Avgiv Rvwb,
⎯→ ⎯→
OX  OY = (3î + 2^j + k)
^  (− 2î + ^j + 4k)
^
⎯→ ⎯→
ev, |OX| |OY| cos = 3  (−2) + 2  1 + 1  4 = 0
ev, cos = 0
  = cos−10 = 90
AZGe, †f±iØ‡qi gaëZx© †KvY 90| (Ans.)

†ev‡W© A+ cvIqvi Rb¨
১.wÎfz‡Ri, mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †ÿÎdj wbY©q

1
2
Dc‡ii wPÎ Abymv‡i OABC GKwU AvqZ‡¶Î| Gi OA Ges OB evû Øviv `ywU †f±i h_vµ‡g →
P
= î − 2^j − k^ Ges →
Q = 2î − 3^j + 2k^ wb‡`©wkZ n‡q‡Q|
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ DÏxcK Abymv‡i OAB Gi †¶Îdj wbY©q Ki|
†Ìqv Av‡Q,
OA evû Øviv wb‡`©wkZ †f±i, →
P = i − 2j − 
k
OB evû Øviv wb‡`©wkZ †f±i, →
Q = 2i − 3j + 2
k
^ ^ ^
→ → i j k
GLb, P  Q = 1 −2 −1
2 −3 2
= i (−4 − 3) − j (2 + 2) + 
k (− 3 + 4)
= − 7i − 4j + 
k
|→
P  → Q | = (−7)2 + (− 4)2 + (1)2 = 66
1
 AOB Gi †¶Îdj = 2  |→ P  →Q|
1
= 2  66 eM© GKK
= 4.062 eM© GKK (Ans.)

2. QvZv KZ †Kv‡Y ai‡Z n‡e (e„wó n‡Z iÿvi Rb¨)
†Kv‡bv GK e„wói w`‡b bvwdmv Rvbvjvi cv‡k ùvwo‡q †`LwQj e„wó Dj¤^fv‡e 6 kmh−1 †e‡M cwZZ
n‡”Q| bvwdmv j¶¨ Kij, iv¯—vq GKRb †jvK 4 kmh−1 †e‡M nuvU‡Q Ges AciRb 8 kmh−1 †e‡M
mvB‡K‡j hv‡”Q| Zv‡ì Df‡qi QvZv wfbœ wfbœ †Kv‡Y euvKvfv‡e aiv|
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ †nu‡U Pjš— †jvKwUi Ges mvB‡K‡j Pjš— †jvKwUi QvZv GKB iKgfv‡e
euvKv‡bv bq− bvwdmvi ch©‡e¶YwU MvwYwZKfv‡e we‡klY Ki|
DÏxcK n‡Z cvB, A
†nu‡U Pjv †jv‡Ki †eM, v1 = 4 kmh–1
mvB‡K‡j Pjš— †jv‡Ki †eM, v2 = 8 kmh–1
e„wói †eM, u = 6 kmh–1
g‡bKwi, e„wó n‡Z euvPvi Rb¨ †nu‡U Pjš— †jvK‡K Dj‡¤î mv‡_ 1 †Kv‡Y Ges mvB‡K‡j Pjš—
†jvK‡K Dj‡¤î mv‡_ 2 †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e|
v1sin( − ) 4sin90 4
tan 1 = = = 6 = 0.666667
u + v1cos( − ) 6 + 4cos90
 1 = 33.69
v2sin( − ) 8sin90 8
Ges, tan 2 = = = 6 = 1.333333
u + v2cos( − ) 6 + 8cos90
 2 = 53.13
AZGe, †nu‡U Pjv †jvKwUi Ges mvB‡K‡j Pjš— †jvKwUi QvZv GKB iKgfv‡e euvKv‡bv bq|

3. 1wU †f±i 𝒙/𝒚/𝒛 A‡ÿi mv‡_ KZ †KvY Drcbœ K‡i|
Y
L(2,–1,1)
→
A → M(1,1,–2)
B →
C N(1,–2,3)
X
O
Z
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ →

C, X A‡¶i mv‡_ Drcbœ †Kv‡Yi gvb KZ?
†`qv Av‡Q, N we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ (1, - 2, 3)
→ ^ ^ ^
myZivs N we›`yi Ae¯’vb †f±i, C = i − 2j + 3k
†h‡nZz X A‡¶i w`‡K GKK †f±i î , myZivs î Gi mv‡_ †KvYB X A‡¶i mv‡_ †KvY
→
C I X A‡¶i Aš—f‚©³ †KvY,  = ?
→ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
C  i (i − 2j + 3k )  i 1
cos = C = = = 0.267
1+4+9 14
  = cos−1 (0.267) = 74.5 (Ans.)

4. †f±‡ii Awf‡ÿc I AskK wbY©q
`ywU we›`yi wÎgvwÎK ¯’vbv¼ eë¯’vq ¯’vbv¼Øq h_vµ‡g A(1, 0, − 1) Ges B(1, 1, 0)|
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ `ywU we›`yi A I B Gi Ae¯’vb †f±iØ‡qi X A‡¶i Dci j¤^ Awf‡¶c Gi
Zzjbvg~jK we‡klY K‡iv|
DÏxcK n‡Z, A
A we›`yi ¯’vbv¼, A (1, 0, − 1)
B we›`yi ¯’vbv¼, B (1, 1, 0)
A_©vr
⎯→ ^ ^
A we›`yi Ae¯’vb †f±i, OA = i − k
⎯→ ^ ^
B we›`yi Ae¯’vb †f±i, OB = i + j
⎯→
 X- A‡¶i Dci OA Gi j¤^ Awf‡¶c,
⎯→ ^
|OA | cos1 = (OA|î |).i
⎯→
^ ^ ^
(i − k ).i
=
1
=1
⎯→
Ges X- A‡¶i Dci OB Gi j¤^ Awf‡¶c
⎯→ ^
|OB |.i
|OB | cos
⎯→
2= ^
|i|
^ ^ ^
(i + j ).i
=
1
=1
AZGe, A I B Gi Ae¯’vb †f±iØ‡qi X A‡¶i Dci j¤^ Awf‡¶‡ci gvb mgvb Ges Zv 1|

5. mwjbqWvj ‡ÿÎ nIqvi kZ©

→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
A = mi + j − k , B = 3i − 2j + k , C = i − 3j + 5k Ges V = ( x + 3y) i + (ay −2z) j + (x + 4z) k
→
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ a Gi gvb KZ n‡j V †f±iwU mwjbqWvj n‡e Zv wbY©q Ki|
→
†Ìqv Av‡Q, V= (x + 3y) î + (ay − 2z) ^j + (x + 4z) k
^
→ → →
V †f±iwU mwjbqWvj n‡j  . V = 0
†ei Ki‡Z n‡e, a = ?
 ^  ^ 
Avgiv Rvwb,  . V= î
→ →
+ k  . {(x + 3y) i + (ay − 2z) j + (x + 4z) k }
^ ^ ^
+j
x y z
  
= (x + 3y) + (ay − 2z) + (x + 4z)
x y z
=1+0+a−0+0+4=a+5
→ →
kZ© g‡Z,  .V =0
ev, a + 5 = 0
 a = − 5 (Ans.)
→
 a Gi gvb − 5 n‡j V †f±iwU mwjbqWvj n‡e|

†ev‡W© hviv Place Ki‡Z Pvq
3wU †f±i GKB mgZ‡j Ae¯’vb Ki‡e wKbv

Y
L(2,–1,1)
→
A → M(1,1,–2)
B →
C N(1,–2,3)
X
O
Z
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ → →

B Ges C †f±iØ‡qi →
j¤^w`‡Ki †f±iwU A Gi mv‡_ GKB mgZ‡j Ae¯’vb
K‡i wK bv MvwYwZKfv‡e hvPvB Ki|
cÖ`Ë wP‡Îi Z_¨vbymv‡i,
→ ^ ^ ^
B = i + j − 2k
→ ^ ^ ^
C = i − 2j + 3k
→ ^ ^ ^
A = 2i − j + k
^ ^ ^
i j k 
= 1 1 −2 
→ → →
aiv hvK, D = B  C  
1 −2 3 
^ ^ ^
= (3 − 4) i + (−2−3) j + ( − 2 − 1) k
^ ^ ^
= − i − 5j − 3k
→ →
GLb Avgv‡ì‡K †`L‡Z n‡e, A I D GKB mgZ‡j wK bv| `ywU †f±i †h Ae¯’v‡ZB _vK bv †Kb
→ →
Zviv GKB mgZ‡j| myZivs A I D †f±iØqI GKB mgZ‡j|

†ÿÎdj [wÎf~R Ges mvgvšÍwiK]
C B
Error!

O
Error!
†Ìqv Av‡Q, |P| = A
→ →
30 Ges |Q| = 20,  = 60
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ DÏxcK n‡Z wK mvgvš—wi‡Ki †¶Îdj wbY©q Kiv hvq?
mvgš—wi‡Ki †¶Îdj A n‡j,
A = f‚wg  D”PZv
OA  OC sin
→ →
| P|  |Q|  sin 60
3
30  20  2
519.62 eM©
GKK|
AZGe, DÏxc‡Ki mvgš—wi‡Ki †¶Îdj wbY©q Kiv hv‡e Ges Zv 519.62 eM© GKK| (Ans.)

†f±i †ÿÎwU ¸YYkxj wK bv
→
†Ìqv Av‡Q, F = (2x + y – z)î + (x – 2y + 3z)^j + (x – y – z)k^
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ DÏxc‡Ki †f±iwU wK N~Y©bkxj bvwK AN~Y©bkxj MvwYwZKfv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
GKwU †f±i N~Y©bkxj n‡e hw` Zvi Kvj©  0 nq|
^ ^ ^
  
→ → i j k
GLb,   F =
 
 x y z 
2x + y − z x − 2y + 3z x − y − z
^  
= i  (x − y − z) − (x − 2y + 3z)
y z 
^ 
  
− j  (x − y − z) − (2x + y − z)
x z 
^   
+ k  (x − 2y + 3z) − (2x + y − z)
  x  y 
^ ^ ^
= i(−1 − 3) − j(1 +1) + k(1 − 1)
^ ^
= −4i − 2j
0
AZGe, †f±iwU N~Y©bkxj| A

Uvbv I †Vjvi g‡a¨ †KvbwU mnR
mvwenv GKw`b kwcs g‡j evRvi Kivi mgq Uªwj Mvox eënvi Kij| †m Uªwj Mvoxi †n‡ÛjwU‡Z
Dj‡¤î mv‡_ 30 †Kv‡Y 10N ej cÖ‡qvM K‡i MvoxwU‡K †Vj‡Z _v‡K| GB †`‡L †`vKvb`vi ejj, Avcwb
Mvoxi †n‡Ûj a‡i Uv‡bb, Zvn‡j Kg ej jvM‡e|
ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ †`vKvb`vi mvwenv‡K Uªwji †n‡Ûj a‡i mvg‡b Uvb‡Z ejj †Kb ⎯ hyw³mn
MvwYwZK e¨vL¨v `vI|
Fcos30
Fsin30 F
30
30 F
Fsin30
Fcos30
w
Pò-1 w
Pò-2
wPÎ-1 Abymv‡i hLb Uªwj‡K †Vjv n‡”Q ZLb e‡ji Dj¤^ Dcvsk Fcos30 wb‡Pi w`‡K wµqv Ki‡Q|
Uªwji IRb W n‡j, wb“gyLx †gvU ej = W + Fcos30
G‡Z f‚wgi cÖwZwµqv ej e„w× cvq d‡j Nl©Y ej †ewk nq KviY Nl©Y ej Awfj¤^ cÖwZwµqvi
mgvbycvwZK| Aci c‡¶ UªwjwU‡K wPÎ-2 Abymv‡i Uvbv n‡j e‡ji Dj¤^ Dcvsk Fcos30 Dc‡ii w`‡K
wµqv K‡i| d‡j wbægyLx †gvU ej = W – Fcos30
G‡Z f‚wgi cÖwZwµqv ej n«vm cvq d‡j Nl©Y ej Kg nq| G Kvi‡Y Uªwj †Vjvi †_‡K Uvbv mnR nq|
ZvB †`vKvb`vi mvwenv‡K Uªwj Uvb‡Z e‡jwQj|

োমসথমট পাটথ
myPbvt c`v_©weÁv‡bi AšÍM©Z †h †Kv‡bv ivwk‡K †fŠZ ivwk (physical quantity) e‡j| †h me †fŠZ ivwki ïay
gvb Av‡Q, wKš‘ w`K †bB, Zv‡ì‡K †¯‹jvi ivwk ev Aw`K ivwk e‡j| †h me †fŠZ ivwki gvb Ges w`K `yB-B Av‡Q,
Zv‡ì‡K †f±i ivwk ev w`K ivwk e‡j|
†f±it
1. wfbœ cÖK…wZi †f±i‡K ‡hvM Kiv hvq bv|
2. `ywU †f±‡ii †f±i ¸Ydj GKwU †f±i ivwk nq|
3. `ywU †f±‡ii †Kjvi ¸Ydj GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|
4. †f±I ivwk †hvM ms‡hvRb I eÈb m~Î ( rules of addition and distribution)|
5. wÎgvwÎK ¯’vbv¼ eë¯’vq abvZ¥KX, Y Ges Z A‡¶i w`‡K eëüZ h_vµ‡g 𝑖̂, 𝑗̂ Ges 𝑘̂ wPý Øviv AvqZ GKK †f±i
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
†f±i cÖKvkt
ejt †h evwn¨K KviY e¯‘i MwZ ev w¯’wZ Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b NUvq ev NUv‡Z Pvq Zv‡K ej e‡j|
N~Y©b ej ev UK©t
†Kv‡bv A‡¶i mv‡c‡¶ N~Y©biZ e¯‘i Ici †h we›`y‡Z ej wµqvkxj IB we›`yi Ae¯’vb †f±i I cÖhy³ e‡ji ¸Ydj‡K
N~Y©b ej ev UK© e‡j|

†KŠwYK †eMtmgq eëavb k~‡bï KvQvKvwQ n‡j †KŠwYK mi‡Yi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Zvr¶wYK †KŠwYK †eM ev †KŠwYK
†eM (𝜔
⃗ ) e‡j|
†KŠwYK †e‡Mi w`‡K (‡f±i iƒc)t
GKwU Wvb cv‡Ki ¯Œy mvnv‡h¨ Gi w`K wb‡`©k Kiv hvq|
†KŠwYK fi‡eMt
N~Y©biZ †Kv‡bv e¯‘KYvi e¨vmva© †f±i I îwLK fi‡e‡Mi †f±i ¸Ydj‡K †KŠwYK fi‡eM e‡j|
we‡kl †f±it
GKK †f±it
†h †f±i ivwki gvb GK GKK Zv‡K GKK †f±i e‡j|
bvj ev k~b¨ †f±it †h †f±i ivwki gvb k~b¨ Ges hvi †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó w`K _v‡K bv, Zv‡K bvj ev k~b¨ †f±i e‡j| `ywU
mgvb I wecixZ †f±i †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z GKB mv‡_ wµqv Ki‡j Zv‡ì jweŸ GKwU bvj †f±i nq|
⃗ †f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡j 𝐴 × 𝐵

k~b¨ †f±‡ii ¸iæZ¡t𝐴 I 𝐵 ⃗ = 0 n‡e|
Ae¯’vb †f±it

cÖm½ KvVvgv‡i g~j we›`yi mv‡c‡¶ †Kv‡bv we›`yi Ae¯’vb †h †f±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q ev wb‡`©k Kiv nq Zv‡K Ae¯’vb
†f±i e‡j|
e¨vmva© †f±it
g~jwe›`y n‡Z †Kv‡bv we›`yi Ae¯’v‡bi `~iZ¡‡K e¨vmva© †f±i e‡j| G‡K 𝑟 Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
miY †f±it
îwLK ev mij c‡_ ev wbw`©ó w`‡K †Kv‡bv we›`yi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡‡K miY †f±i e‡j| Ab¨ K_vq †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Ae¯’vb
†f±‡ii cwieZ©b‡K miY †f±i e‡j| G‡K 𝑟 Øviv m~wPZ Kiv nq|
m`„k †f±it
⃗ hw` GKB w`‡K wµqv K‡i Z‡e Zv‡ì‡K m`„k †f±i e‡j|
mgRvZxq Amg gv‡bi `ywU †f±i 𝐴 I 𝐵
wecÖZxc †f±it `ywU mgvšÍivj †f±‡ii GKwUi gvb AciwUi wecÖZxc n‡j Zv‡ì‡K wecÖZxc †f±i e‡j|
mg‡iL †f±it
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i hw` Ggb nq †h Zviv GKB †iLvq ev mgvšÍiv‡j wµqv K‡i, Zv‡ì‡K mg‡iL †f±i e‡j|
mgZjxq †f±it
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i GKB Z‡j Ae¯’vb| Ki‡j Zv‡ì‡K mgZjxq †f±i e‡j|

wecixZ ev FY †f±i Ges mg‡f±it
wecixZ w`‡K wµqviZ `ywU mgRvZxq †f±‡ii gvb mgvb n‡j Zv‡ì‡K G‡K Ac‡ii wecixZ ev FY †f±i e‡j|
R¨vwgwZK c×wZ‡Z †f±i ivwki †hv‡Mi m~Î
mvaviY m~Ît
mgRvZxq `ywU †f±‡ii cÖ_gwUi kxl© ev †kl we›`y Ges wØZxqwUi Avw` we›`y GKB we›`y‡Z ¯’vcb K‡i cÖ_g †f±‡ii
Avw` we›`y I wØZxq †f±‡ii kxl©we›`yi g‡a¨ ms‡hvMKvix mij‡iLvi w`‡K jwä †f±‡ii w`K wb‡`©k Ki‡e Ges IB
mij‡iLvi ˆ`N¨© †f±i `ywUi jw×i gvb wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
wÎfzR myÎt
`ywU †f±i †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri mwbœwnZ evû Øviv GKB µ‡g gv‡b I w`‡K m~wPZ Kiv n‡j wÎfz‡Ri Z…Zxq| evûwU
wecixZµ‡g †f±i `ywUi jwÜ wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
wm×všÍt GKB we›`y‡Z GKB mg‡q wµqviZ wZbwU mgRvZxq mgZjxq †f±i ivwk‡K †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri wZbwU evû Øviv
GKB µ‡g wb‡`©k Ki‡j G‡ì jw× k~b¨ n‡e|
enfzR myÎt

`yB -Gi AwaK †f±i ivwki †¶‡Î †f±i ivwk¸‡jv‡K GKB µ‡g mvwR‡q cÖ_g †f±i ivwki cv`we›`y Ges †kl †f±i
ivwki kxl©we›`y ‡hvM Ki‡j †h eûfzR cvIqv hvq Gi †kl evûwU wecixZµ‡g †f±i ivwk¸‡jvi jwi gvb I w`K wb‡`©k
K‡i|
mvgvšÍwiK m~Ît
†Kv‡bv mvgvšÍwi‡Ki GKB we›`y n‡Z Aw¼Z mwbœwnZ evû `ywU hw` †Kv‡bv KYvi Dci GKB mg‡q wµqviZ `ywU †f±i
ivwki gvb I w`K wb‡`©k K‡i, Zv n‡j IB we›`y n‡Z Aw¼Z mvgvšÍwi‡Ki KY©B G‡ì jwÜi gvb I w`K wb‡`©k K‡i|
†R‡b ivLt
1. α = 0° n‡j, †f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡e|
2. 𝛼 = 120° n‡j, `ywU †f±‡ii jweŸ cÖ‡Z¨K †f±‡ii mgvb n‡e|
3. 𝛼 = 180° n‡j, †f±iØq ci¯ci wecixZ w`‡K wµqv Ki‡e|
4. †f±iØ‡qi AšÍf©z³ †KvY 90° n‡j Zv‡ì jw× GKwU †f±‡ii gv‡bi √2 ¸Y n‡e|
K‡qKwU we‡kl †¶Ît
1. `ywU †f±‡ii mwÜi m‡e©v”P gvb n‡jvc = a + b, hLb g~j †f±i `ywU mggywL|
2. `ywU †f±‡ii jweŸi me©wb¤œ gvb n‡jvc = a ~ b hLb g~j †f±i `ywU wecixZgywL|
3. g~j †f±i `ywU mgvb I wecixZgywL n‡j Zv‡ì jwäi gvb k~b¨ nq|
Abyavebg~jK KvRt

𝑣𝑅𝐻 -Gi AwfgyL Djø‡¤î mv‡_ AvbZfv‡e nq ZvB e„wói ga¨ w`‡q Abyf‚wgKfv‡e MwZkxj Mvwoi wbKU e„wó wZh©Kfv‡e
co‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡e| d‡j e„wói ga¨ w`‡q Pjgvb Mvwoi mvg‡bi KvP wcQ‡bi KvP A‡c¶v †ewk †f‡R| GB Kvi‡YB
Mvwoi wiper `Û¸wj Mvwoi mvg‡bi Kv‡P jvMv‡bv nq|
jwäi m‡e©v”P Ges me©wb¤œ gvbt
`ywU †f±i ivwki jwÜi gvb G‡ì ‡hvMdj A‡c¶v eo n‡Z cv‡i bv| `ywU †f±i ivwk hLb GKB mij‡iLv eivei
cici wecixZ w`‡K wµqv K‡i ZLb Zv‡ì mwÜi gvb me©wb¤œ n‡e Ges jwai me©wb¤œ gvb †f±i ivwk `ywUi weqv‡Md‡ji
mgvb n‡e|
†f±i †hv‡Mi K‡qKwU myÎt
Wewbgq m~Î
𝑃⃗ + 𝑄
⃗ =𝑄
⃗ + 𝑃⃗ | †f±i ivwki ‡hvM wewbgq m~Î †g‡b P‡j|
ms‡hvRb m~Î
(𝑃⃗ + 𝑄
⃗ ) + 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ + (𝑄
⃗ + 𝑅⃗ )| †f±i ivwki ‡hvM ms‡hvRb m~Î †g‡b P‡j|
eÈb myÎt
𝑚(𝑃⃗ + 𝑄
⃗ ) = 𝑚 𝑃⃗ + 𝑚𝑄
⃗ | †f±i ivwki †hvM eÈb m~Î †g‡b P‡j|
j¤^vs‡ki mvnv‡h¨ †f±I ivwki †hvRb I we‡qvRbt

GKwU †f±i ivwk‡K `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i ivwk‡Z wef³ Kivi cÖwµqvB n‡jv †f±i ivwkiwefvRb ev we‡kølY|
Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk (Horizontal component), Djø¤^ Dcvsk (Tangential component)|
†bŠKvi ¸Y Uvbvt
Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk𝐹 cos 𝜃†bŠKv‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvq | Djø¤^ Dcvsk 𝐹 sin 𝜃†bŠKvwU‡K cv‡oi w`‡K
Uv‡b| †bŠKvi nvj Øviv DjyaŸ Dcvsk 𝐹 sin 𝜃cÖwZnZ Kiv nq| ¸Y hZ j¤^v n‡e, 𝜃-Gi gvb ZZ Kg n‡e| ¸‡Yi iwk
†ewk j¤^v n‡j †bŠKv †ewk `ªæZ Pj‡e| Avevi | O we›`y‡Z iwk †eu‡a †mªv‡Zi wecix‡Z Abyf‚wg‡Ki mv‡_ 𝜃 †Kv‡Y
†bŠKvwU‡K F e‡j mvg‡bi w`‡K Uvb‡j Ges iwki ˆ`N¨© OP n‡j - (i) †bŠKv A‡c¶vK…Z `ªæZ Pj‡e; (ii) 𝐹 sin 𝜃 Gi
gvb Kg n‡j †bŠKv mvg‡bi w`‡K †ewk MwZkxj n‡e; (iii) OP iwk Øviv Uvb‡j †bŠKvi MwZ OQ iwk Øviv Uvbvi †P‡q
Kg n‡e|
jb-‡ivbjvi Pvjbvt e¯‘i IRb †ewk n‡j Nl©Y ejI †ewk nq|
†Vjvi †¶‡Ît

‡ivjv‡ii ‡gvU IRb nq (𝑊 + 𝑅 sin 𝜃 )|
Uvbvi †¶‡Ît
d‡j ‡ivjv‡ii IRb nq (𝑊 – 𝐹 sin 𝜃 )| jb-iv‡jvi †Vjv A‡c¶v Uvbv mnRZi|
†¯‹jvi ¸Yb ev WU ¸Ybt
`ywU †f±i ivwki ¸Y‡b ¸Ydj GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk n‡j GB ¸Yb‡K †Kjvi ¸Yb e‡j| G ¸Y‡bi Aci bvg WU
¸Yb|
we‡kl †¶Ît
1. hw` 𝛼 = 0° nq, Z‡e 𝑃⃗. 𝑄

⃗ = 𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑤𝑜𝑠 0° = 𝑃𝑄| G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯c‡ii mgvšÍivj n‡e|
2. hw` 𝛼 = 90° nq, Z‡e 𝑃⃗ . 𝑄

⃗ = 𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠 90° = 0| G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯ci j¤^ n‡e|
3. hw` 𝛼 = 180° nq, Z‡e 𝑃⃗. 𝑄

⃗ = 𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠 180° = −𝑃𝑄| G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯c‡ii mgvšÍivj Ges
wecixZgywL n‡e|
⃗ = 𝐵
†¯‹jvi ¸Yd‡ji K‡qKwU ag©t 𝐴. 𝐵 ⃗ . 𝐴A_©vr †Kjvi ¸Ydj wewbgq wbqg †g‡b P‡j|
†f±i ¸Yb ev µm ¸Yb: `ywU †f±i ivwki ¸Ydj hw` GKwU †f±i ivwk nq, Z‡e IB ¸Yb‡K †f±i ¸Yb ev µm
¸Yb
e‡j| GB ¸Y‡bi Aci bvg µm ¸Yb| †f±i ¸Yd‡ji w`K Dfq †f±‡ii Ici j¤^ eivei wµqvkxj| GB w`K
WvbnvwZ ¯Œy wbq‡g wbY©q Kiv nq|

Wvb nvwZ ¯Œy wbqgt †f±i `ywU †h mgZ‡j Aew¯’Z †mB mgZ‡ji Ici j¤^fv‡e GKwU Wvb nvwZ †K †i‡L cÖ_g
†f±i n‡Z wØZxq †f±‡ii w`‡K ¶z`ªZg †Kv‡Y Nyiv‡j µywU †hw`‡K AMÖmi nq †mB w`KB n‡e 𝑅⃗ Z_v 𝜂 Gi w`K|
we‡kl †¶Î :
1. hw` α = 0° nq, Z‡e 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ × 𝑄

⃗ = 𝜂̂ 𝑃𝑄 sin 0°G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯c‡ii mgvšÍivj n‡e|
2. hw` 𝛼 = 90°, Z‡e 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ × 𝑄

⃗ = 𝜂̂ 𝑃𝑄 sin 90 ° = 𝑃𝑄 G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯ci j¤^ n‡e|
3. hw` 𝛼 = 180°, Z‡e 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ × 𝑄

⃗ = 𝜂̂ 𝑃𝑄 𝑠𝑖𝑛 180° = 0 G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯ci mgvšÍivj Ges
wecixZgywL n‡e|
wm×všÍ : mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †¶Îdj `ywU †f±‡ii µm ¸Yd‡ji gv‡bi mgvb|
†f±i ¸Yd‡ji K‡qKwU ag©t
1. †f±i ¸Ydj wewbgq wbqg †g‡b P‡j bv|
⃗ , 𝐶 mgZjxq nevi kZ© n‡jv𝐴, (𝐵

2. 𝐴, 𝐵 ⃗ × 𝐶) = 0
c`v_©weÁv‡b K¨vjKzjvmt mgvKj‡bi mvnv‡h¨ KvR Ges †¶Îdj wbY©q Kiv hvq|
†f±i K¨vjKzjvmt
Acv‡iUit weÁv‡bi fvlvq Acv‡iUi GK ai‡bi cÖZxK ev ms‡KZ|
msÁvt †h MvwYwZK cÖKvk ev wP‡ýi Øviv GKwU ivwk‡K Ab¨ GKwU ivwk‡Z iƒcvšÍi Kiv hvq ev †Kv‡bv cwieZ©bkxj
ivwki e¨vL¨v †`qv hvq Zv‡K Acv‡iUi e‡j|
†f±i Acv‡iU‡ii eënvit
†f±i wWdv‡ibwkqvj Acv‡iUi 𝛁: †f±i wWdv‡ibwkqvj Acv‡iUiwU m¨vi n¨vwgjUb cÖ_g Avwe®‹vi K‡ib| wMem
G‡K ‘‡Wj’ bvgKiY K‡ib| Gi Ab¨ bvg b¨vejv| †¯‹jvi dvsk‡bi †MÖwW‡q›U, †f±i dvsk‡bi WvBfvi‡RÝ ev †f±i
dvsk‡bi Kvj© msÁvwqZ Kivi Rb¨ GB Acv‡iUiwU eënvi Kiv nq|
†¯‹jvi †¶Î I †f±i †¶Ît
†¯‹jvi †¶Î : †¶‡Îi mv‡_ mswkøó †fŠZ ¸Y hw` †Kjvi nq, Z‡e IB †¶Î‡K †¯‹jvi †¶Î e‡j| NbZ¡, DòZv,
wefe BZ¨vw` †Kjvi †¶‡Îi D`vniY|

†f±i †¶Î : †¶‡Îi mv‡_ mswkøó †fŠZ ¸Y hw` †f±i nq, Z‡e IB †¶Î‡K †f±i †¶Î e‡j| †eM, Zwor cÖvej¨,
gnvKl© cÖvej¨ BZ¨vw` †f±i †¶‡Îi D`vniY|
†¯‹jvi †¶‡Îi †MÖwW‡q›Ut
msÁvt †MÖwW‡q›U n‡jv GKwU †f±i †¶Î hv Aw`K ivwki me©vwaK e„w×i nvi cÖKvk K‡i| G‡K †¯‹jvi A‡c¶KI
e‡j|
†MÖwW‡q‡›Ui †fŠZ Zvrch©t D³ †f±i ivwki gvb IB †Kjvi ivwki me©vwaK e„w×i nv‡ii mgvb|
WvBfvi‡RÝt
msÁvt†f±i dvskb ev †¶‡Îi WvBfvi‡RÝ¸‡jv GKwU †K'jvi dvskb ev †¶Î hv Øviv †f±i †¶‡Îi| †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z
d¬v‡·i cÖK…wZ (ewn AšÍ) Rvbv hvq|
WvBfvi‡R‡Ýi †fŠZ ag©t
⃗ .𝑉
1. ∇ ⃗ ev 𝑑𝑖𝑣. 𝑉
⃗ Øviv GKK mg‡q †Kv‡bv Zij c`v‡_©i Nb‡Z¡i cwieZ©‡bi nvi eySvq|
2. gvb abvZ¥K n‡j, Zij c`v‡_©i AvqZb e„w× cvq; Nb‡Z¡i nªvm N‡U|
3. gvb FYvZ¥K n‡j, AvqZ‡bi ms‡KvPb N‡U; NbZ¡ e„w× cvq|
⃗ . ⃗⃗⃗⃗
4. gvb k~b¨ n‡j, AvMZ I wbM©Z d¬v· mgvb nq| †Kv‡bv †f±i †¶‡Îi WvBfvi‡RÝ k~b¨ n‡j A_©vr ∇ 𝑉 = 0 n‡j,
IB †f±i †¶Î‡K mwjbqWvj (𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑙) e‡j|
⃗ Gi µm ev †f±i ¸Yb Øviv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e N~Y©b A‡¶i w`‡K GKwU †f±i cvIqv hvq| G
Kvj©t Acv‡iUi ∇ Ges 𝑉
RvZxq ¸Yb‡K Kvj© e‡j|
msÁvt †f±i †¶‡Î Aew¯’Z GKwU we›`yi Pviw`‡K Gi jvBb BbwUMÖv‡ji gvb cÖwZ GKK †¶Îd‡j m‡e©v”P n‡j Zv
D³ we›`y‡Z †f±i| †¶‡Îi Kvj© cÖKvk K‡i|
Kv‡j©i †fŠZ Zvrch©t
1. Kvj© GKwU †f±i ivwk| Gi gvb IB †f±i †¶‡Î GKK †¶‡Îi Rb¨ me©vwaK †iLv Bw›UMÖv‡ji mgvb|
2. †Kv‡bv †f±i †¶‡Îi Kvj©-Gi bwZgvÎv (𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡) k~b¨|
3. †Kv‡bv †f±‡ii Kvj© k~b¨ n‡j †f±iwU AN~Yb© kxj nq|
eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœi DË‡ii Rb¨ cÖqv‡Rbxq welqvewji mvi-ms‡¶c

1. `ywU †f±i cici 45° †Kv‡Y wµqv Ki‡j G‡ì †Kjvi I †f±i ¸Yd‡ji gvb mgvb nq|
2. `ywU mgvb e‡ji Ges Zv‡ì gaëZ©x †KvY 60° Gi Rb¨ jwÜi eM© n‡e Zv‡ì gv‡bi 3 ¸Y |
⃗ ×𝑉
3. ∇ ⃗ = 0 n‡jv AN~Y©bkx‡ji kZ©, ∇
⃗ .𝑉
⃗ = 0 n‡jv mwjb‡q‡Wi kZ© Ges †Kv‡bv c`v_© AvMZ I wbM©Z d¬v·
mgvb nq| †Kjvi dvskb‡K †f±i ivwk‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i MÖ¨vwW‡q›U|
Type-1: †¯‹jvi ivwk,‡f±i ivwk I we‡kl

cÖKvi‡f`
 †f±i ivwk : †eM, Z¡iY, ej, fi‡eM, †KŠwYK miY, †KŠwYK †eM, †KŠwYK Z¡iY, UK©, †KŠwYK fi‡eM, †K›`ªgyLx
Z¡iY, AwfKl©R Z¡iY, mv›`ªZv, Zwor I †PŠ¤^K cÖvej¨, †PŠ¤^K åvgK, e‡ji åvgK, e‡ji NvZ, miY |
 †¯‹jvi ivwk : ˆ`N©¨, `ªwZ, RoZvi åvgK, PµMwZi e¨vmva©, KvR, kw³, ¶gZv, Kg©`¶Zv, w¯’wZ¯’vcKZv, Zi½ ‰`N©¨,
K¤úvsK, we¯—vi, NbZ¡, AvqZb, †¶Îdj, k‡ãi ZxeªZv I cÖvej¨, ZvcgvÎv, Av‡cw¶K Zvc, ZvcaviY ¶gZv,
myßZvc, cÖwZmivsK, PvR©, wefe, †iva, aviKZ¡, Zwor cÖevn |
 mgvb †f±i t GKB w`‡K wµqviZ `y'wU mgRvZxq mggv‡bi †f±i ivwk‡K mgvb †f±i e‡j|
 wecixZ †f±i t wecixZ w`‡K wµqviZ `y'wU mgRvZxq mggv‡bi †f±i ivwk‡K wecixZ †f±i e‡j|
 ¯^vaxb †f±i t †Kvb †f±i ivwki cv`we›`y †Kv_vq n‡e Zv hw` B‡”QgZ wVK Kiv hvq Z‡e Zv‡K ¯^vaxb †f±i e‡j|
 mxgve× †f±i t †h †f±‡ii cv`we›`y wbw`©ó Zv‡K mxgve× †f±i e‡j|
 Ae¯’vb †f±i t †Kvb we›`yi mv‡c‡¶ Ab¨ †Kvb we›`y Ae¯’vb †h †f±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q Kiv nq Zv‡K Ae¯’vb †f±i
e‡j|
Ae¯’vb†f±i‡K e¨vmva© †f±iI e‡j| GwU mxgve× †f±i|
 m`„k †f±i t GKB w`‡K wµqvkxj mgRvZxq Amgv‡bi `y'wU †f±i‡K m`„k †f±i e‡j|
 Am`„k †f±i t wecixZ w`‡K wµqvkxj mgRvZxq Amgv‡bi `y'wU †f±i‡K Am`„k †f±i e‡j|
 k~b¨ †f±i t †h †f±‡ii gvb k~b¨ Zv‡K k~b¨ †f±i e‡j|Bnvi wbw`©ów`K †bB| Bnv GKwU we›`y wb‡`©k K‡i|
 wecÖZxc †f±i t `y'wU mgvšÍivj †f±‡ii gvb AciwUi wecixZ †¯‹jvi ivwk , †f±i ivwk I K‡qKwU we‡kl †f±i
ivwk n‡j Zv‡ì‡K wecÖZxc †f±i e‡j|

MCQ:
Academic Part:
1. ‡¯‹jviivwki †ÿ‡Î- C. kw³ D. Av‡cwÿK

i)gvbØvivm¤ú~Y©iƒ‡ccÖKvkKivhvq ¸iæZ¡
ii) w`Kwb‡`©‡kicÖ‡qvRb ‡bB Soln: B
iii) gvbw`‡KiDciwbf©ikxj
wb‡Pi 7. ‡Kv‡bv †f±i‡KZvigvbØvivfvMKi‡j †Kvb
†KvbwUmwVK? †f±icvIqvhvq?
A.i I ii B.ii I iii A. Ae¯’vb †f±i B.miY †f±i
C.i I iii D.i, ii I iii C. GKK †f±i D.bvj †f±i
n
Sol : A Soln: C
8.gvbk~b¨ bq G iKg GKwU †f±i‡K Zvi gvb w`‡q

2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †¯‹jvi?
fvM Ki‡j Kx cvIqvhvq?
A.Z¡iY B. fi
A. GKK †f±i B.mgZjxq †f±i
C.fi‡eM D. †eM
C. Ae¯’vb †f±i D.bvj †f±i
Soln: B
Soln: A
   
9. A = −3B n‡j A I B †f±iØq-
৩. ‡Kvb `ywU †¯‹jviivwk?
i)wecixZ ‡f±i
A. MwZkw³, †eM B.Zwor‡ÿÎ I
ii) ci¯úiwecixZw`‡KwµqvK‡i
Zworwefe
iii)mgRvZxq †f±i
C.†K›`ªxqej, ZvcgvÎv D.PvR©, K¤úv¼
n wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
Sol : D
A.i I ii B.i I iii
৪. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU †f±‡ii cÖKvi‡f` bq?
C.ii I iii D.i, ii I iii
A. ab †f±i B.mgvb †f±i
C.mgZjxq †f±i D.ej †f±i
Soln: C
n
Sol : D

10. A ‡f±‡ii w`‡K GKK †f±i â n‡j â =
KZ?

A. A B.A
৫. wb‡Pi †Kvb †f±‡ii cv`we›`y I kxl©we›`y GKB? 
A
A.mg‡iL ‡f±i B.bvj †f±i C. D.1
A
C. GKK †f±i D.mgZjxq †f±i n
Sol : C
Soln: B 11. IRb Kx ivwk?

A. ‡¯‹jvi B. †f±i
6. ‡KvbwU †f±iivwk? C. Aw`K D.Av‡cwÿK ¸iæZ
n
A. NbZ¡ B. †PŠ¤^K ZxeªZv Sol : C

13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡KcÖKvkKivi Rb¨ gvb I
12. RoZviåvgK Kx ai‡biivwk? w`KDf‡qicÖ‡qvRb?
A.w`Kivwk B. †¯‹jvi A. KvR B. kw³
C. †f±i D. †gŠwjK C.ej D.wefe
n
Sol : B n
Sol : C
Admission Part :
1
.†KvbwU †f±i ivwk- (RU’06-07)
A. KvR B. ¶gZv C. fi‡eM D. 4.Aw`K ivwk †KvbwU? (RU’10-11)
kw³ A. ej B. cxob
Soln: [C] C. Pvc D. †KvbwUB bq
Soln: [D]
2. †KvbwU †f±i ivwk? (JU’13-14) 5. †KvbwU †f±iivwk bq- (RU’08-09)

A. `yiZ¡ B. AvqZb C. kw³ D. A. ê`y¨wZK cÖvej¨ B. ê`y¨wZK wefe
miY C. IRb D. fi‡eM
Soln: [D] n
Sol : [B]
3. wbgœwjwLZ ivwk¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †KvbwU †f±i ivwk?
(NU’10-11) 6. AbyeZ©x ivwk¸wji g‡a¨ †Kvb&wU †¯‹jvi ivwk?
A. ê`y¨wZK wefe B. KvR (RU’07-08)
C. ¯^Kxq Av‡ek ¸Yv¼ D. †PŠ¤^K cÖvej¨ A. fi B. †eM C. IRb D.
n
Sol : [D] Z¡iY
Soln: [A]
Type-2: jwäi gvb I w`K wbY©q
 †f±i ivwki †hvMÑwe‡qvM †f±i exRMwY‡Zi wbq‡g ev mvgvšÍwi‡Ki m~Î g‡Z nq
 wÎf~R m~Î: hw` †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri mwbœwnZ `ywU evû GKB µ‡g `ywU GKB RvZxq †f±i‡K wb‡`©k K‡i, Zvn‡j wÎf~‡Ri
Z…Zxq evûwU wecixZ µ‡g †f±Ø‡qi jwäi gvb I w`K wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
C
  
R =P+Q
A B

  
R = P+Q
mvgvšÍwi‡Ki m~Î
• jwä, R = P 2 + Q 2 + 2PQ cos 

Q sin 
jwäi †KvY,  = tan–1
P + Q cos 
→ → → →
• A I B †Kvb mvgvšÍwiK A_ev i¤^‡mi mwbœwnZ evû n‡j Z‡e mvgvšÍwiK ev i¤^‡mi †¶Îdj = A B
→ →
• A I B †Kvb mvgvšÍwiK A_ev i¤^‡mi KY© n‡j Z‡e
1 → →
mvgvšÍwiK ev i¤^‡mi †¶Îdj = A B
2
 Need To Know:
1.  = 0n‡j, R = P + Q, hv jwäi m‡e©v”P gvb|
2.  = 180n‡j, R = P  Q hv jwäi ¶z`ªZg gvb|
3.  = 90n‡j, R = P 2 + Q 2
4. R2max + R2min = 2R290
5. wZbwU ej †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z fvimvg¨ m„wó Ki‡j G‡ì †h‡Kvb `yBwUi jwä AciwU n‡e|
6. P = Q n‡j Ges ejØ‡qi jwä †h †Kvb e‡ji mgvb n‡j  = 120
7. P = Q n‡j Ges ejØ‡qi jwä †h †Kvb e‡ji wØ¸Y n‡j  = 0
8. P = Q n‡j Ges ejØ‡qi jwä †h †Kvb e‡ji A‡a©K n‡j  = 151

9. P = Q n‡j R = 2Pcos
2
Prob: 20 N Ges 60 N gv‡bi `ywU †f±i ivwki ga¨Kvi †KvY 30n‡j, jwäi gvb I w`K †ei Ki|
Solve: R= P 2 + Q 2 + 2PQ cos 
= (20)2 + (60)2 + 2  20  60 cos 30 = 77.96 N Ans.
Q sin 
jwäi w`K,  = tan–1 = tan–1
P + Q cos 
= tan–10.4169 = 22.63 Ans.
Prob:†Kvb we›`y‡Z wµqviZ 10N I 15N gv‡bi `yBwU ej x -A‡¶i mv‡_ h_vµ‡g 30 I 60 †Kv‡Y wµqv Ki‡j
G‡ì jwä KZ?
Solve: jwä R = (10)2 + (15)2 + 2  10  15 cos 30
 R = 24.33 N Ans.
= (60–30)=30
1
5N
R
6 1
0 0N
3
 X
Prob:`yBwU e‡ji jwäi m‡e©v”Pgvb 7 N ejØq j¤êivei wµqv Ki‡j jwäi gvb 5N n‡j jwäi me©wbgœ gvb KZ?
Solve: R2max + R2min = 2R290

(7) 2 + R2min = 2(5)2  Rmin = 1 Ans.
Prob: 5N Ges 7N gv‡bi `yBwU e‡ji gaëZ©x †KvY KZ n‡j G‡ì jwä †QvU e‡ji mv‡_ j¤^ eivei wµqv K‡i?
P 5
Solve: cos = – =– (hvi mv‡c‡¶ †m wb‡P em‡e)
Q 7
 = 135.58 Ans.
Prob:†QvU e‡ji gvb 30N Ges jwä 40N eo e‡ji gvb KZ n‡j jwä †QvU e‡ji mv‡_ j¤^ eivei wµqv K‡i|
Solve: jwä †QvU e‡ji mv‡_ j¤^ eivei e‡j
R2 = P2 – Q2
 (40)2 = P2 – (30)2
 R = 50 N Ans.
†f±‡ii †hvM, we‡qvM Ges gvb wbY©q

→ →
• ( )
A  B = (A x  B x )î + A y  B y ĵ + (A z  Bz )k̂

• R = A x î + A y ĵ + A Z k̂ GKwU †f±i ivwk n‡j,

Gi gvb, R = A x 2 + A y 2 + A z 2
      
Prob: A = 3î − 2 ĵ + k̂ , B = 2î − 4 ĵ − 3k̂ , C = − î + 2 ĵ + 2k̂ n‡j, gvb †ei Ki, C, A + B + C Ges
  
2A − 3B − 5C .

Solve: C = (−1) 2 + (2) 2 + (2)2 = 9 = 3
  
A + B + C = 4î − 4 ĵ
  
 A + B + C = (4)2 + (−4) 2 = 4 2
  
2A − 3B − 5C
( ) ( ) (
= 2 3î − 2 ĵ + k̂ − 3 2î − 4 ĵ − 3k̂ − 2 − î + 2 ĵ + 2k̂ )
= 5î − 2 ĵ − k̂
  
 2A − 3B − 5C = (5) 2 + (−2) 2 + (−1) 2 = 30 Ans.
MCQ:
Academic Part
1. b`xi Zxi eivei3km AwZµg Ki‡Z KZ mgq A. ‡ÿÎdj B.Dcvsk
jvM‡e? C.jwä D. j¤^ Awf‡ÿc
n
A.150S B.170S Sol : C
C.200S D.100S
Soln: C ❑
wb‡PiAv‡jv‡KcÖk¸
œ ‡jviDËi `vI
2. `yBevZ‡ZvwaK †f±i †hvMKi‡j †h GKwUbZzb b`xi †¯ªvZevg †_‡K Wvbw`‡K cÖevwnZn‡”Q|
†f±icvIqvhvqZv‡KwKe‡j? †¯ªv‡Zi †eM=15ms-1, †bŠKvi †eM=20ms-1, b`xi
cÖ¯’=3km|

3. `ywUmgvbe‡jijwäieM© Zv‡ì ¸Yd‡ji3 ¸Y| b`xi †¯ªvZevg †_‡K Wvbw`‡K cÖevwnZn‡”Q|
Zv‡ìgaëZx© †KvYn‡e - †¯ªv‡Zi †eM=15ms-1, †bŠKvi †eM=20ms-1, b`xi
cÖ¯’=3km|
A. 0 B.30
C. 60 D.120
8. ‡bŠKvijwä †eM KZ n‡e?
Soln: C
A.25ms-1 B.20ms-1
4. P I Q `yBwU mgvb †f±i GKwU we›`y‡Z 60
†Kv‡Y wµqviZ| jwä †f±‡ii mv‡_ Q †f±‡ii C.10ms-1 D.5ms-1
gaëZx© †Kv‡Yi gvb KZ? Soln: A
A. 23 B.30
C. 37 D. 45
Soln: B 9. b`xicÖ¯’ eivei3km AwZµgK‡iAcicv‡o
†cŠuQv‡Z †bŠKvwUi KZ mgqjvM‡e?
5. `ywU †f±i ivwk cÖ‡Z¨KwUi gvb I GKK| Giv A.150S B.140S
hw` ci¯úi 120†Kv‡Y wµqv K‡i Z‡e jwäi C.160S D.100S
gvb n‡e- Soln: A
A.4.5 GKK B.0
C.6 GKK D.3 GKK   
10. `ywU †f±i P I Q Gi jwä R Gi gvb-
n
Sol : D A.R = P+Q B.R  P + Q
C.R  P –Q D.P–Q ≤
R≤P+Q
6. jwä †f±‡ii †ÿ‡ÎcÖ‡hvR¨- Soln: D
i) `ywU †f±‡ii m‡ev©”PgvbR = P + Q
ii) jwäime©wb¤œgvbR = P – Q
 
iii)mggv‡biwecixZ †f±‡ii jwäAmxg nq 11. A I B †f±i `ywUigvbGgb †h,
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?    
A+B = A − B †f±iØ‡qigaëZx© †KvY
A.i I ii B.ii I iii
C.i I iii D.i, ii I iii KZ?
A.30 B.45
Soln: A C. 60 D. 90
Soln: D
7. `ywUmgvbgv‡bie‡jijwäigvb
†h‡Kv‡bvGKwUe‡jigv‡bimgvbn‡jej  
12. r = 4î − 6 ĵ + 12 k̂ n‡j r Gi gvb †KvbwU?
`ywUigaëZx© †KvYn‡e-
A. 60 B. 90 A. 4 GKK B.10 GKK
C. 120 D. 0 C.14 GKK D. 24 GKK
Soln: C Soln: C
13. wP‡ÎP we›`y‡Z10N Gi

❑ `ywUmgvbejwµqvKi‡Q| G‡ìgaëZx©
wb‡PiAv‡jv‡KcÖk¸
œ ‡jviDËi `vI †KvY120|

10N Soln: B
  
16. ‡f±i A , B I C Gi gvbh_vµ‡g 12,
    
120° 5Ges13 Ges A + B = C | †f±i A I B
Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
10N
P 
A. B.
2
jwäe‡jigvb KZ? 
C.k~b¨ D.
A. 5N B. 10N 4
C. 17N D. 20N Soln: B
  
Soln: B 17. P, Q, R Gi gvbh_vµ‡g 12, 5Ges13 GKK
    
14. hw` `ywUmgvb †f±‡ii jwä G‡ì †h Ges R = P + Q n‡j P I Q Gi gaëZx©
†Kv‡bvGKwUimgvb nq Z‡e †f±iØ‡qigaëZx© †KvY KZ?
†KvYn‡e- A.180 B. 90
A.0 B.180 C. 45 D. 0
C.90 D. 120 Soln: B
Soln: D 18. `ywU w`K ivwki jwäi m‡ev©”P I me©wb¤œ gvb

h_vµ‡g 12 I 2 GKK| ivwkØ‡qi gvb KZ?
15. `ywU †f±‡ii †hvM I we‡qvMdj GKB| G‡ì A.7 I 5 GKK B.6 I 6 GKK
gv‡S †KvY n‡jv-
C.8 I 4 GKK D.10 I 2 GKK
A. 0 B. 90
C. 120 D. 60
Admission Part
১. `ywU w`K ivwki cÖ‡Z¨KwUi gvb 10 GKK| G‡ì 3. `ywU †f±‡ii mevi gvb 5 GKK| Zviv GKB
jwäi gvb 10 2 GKK n‡j Zv‡ì gaëZx© †KvY we›`y‡Z ci¯úi 90˚ †Kv‡Y wµqv K‡i| Zv‡ì jwäi gvb
KZ? (JU’13-14) KZ? (JU’11-12)
A. 0 B. 60 C. 90 D. A. 5 GKK B. 5 3 GKK
120 C. 5 2 GKK D. 6 GKK
n n
Sol : [C]
     
Sol : [C]
2. (A + B) + C = A + (B + C) GKwU.†f±i- (JU’12-
13) 4. `ywU †f±i wecixZ w`‡K wµqviZ _vK‡j jwäi gvb
A. wewbgq m~Î B. ms‡hvb m~Î n‡e- (JU’11-12)
C. e›Ub m~Î D. †KvbwUB bq A. me©vwaK B. me©wbgœ
n
Sol : [B] C. k~b¨ D. †KvbwUB bq
Soln: [B]

C. †hvMd‡ji mgvb D. fvMd‡ji mgvb
5. `ywU †f±‡ii jwäi gvb me©wbgœ nIqvi Rb¨ Zv‡ì E. ¸Yd‡ji A‡a©‡Ki mgvb
n
AšÍf³ ‚© †KvY KZ n‡Z n‡e? (JU’10-11) Sol : [C]
A. 90 B. 270 C. 0 D.  
180 12. A = 6î − 3 ĵ + 2k̂ n‡j A = KZ? (CU’04-05)
Soln: [D] A.0 B.5 C. 31 D.7
Soln: [D]
6. †mªv‡Zi †e‡Mi gv‡bi 2 ¸Y gv‡bi †e‡M mvuZvi
†K‡U GKRb mvuZviæ b`xi Aci cv‡o †mvRvmywR  
13. O we›`y‡Z †f±i P I †f±i Q wµqvkxj|
wM‡q †cŠuQj| b`xi Zx‡ii mv‡_ mvuZviæi †e‡Mi   
bwZ wbY©q Ki| (SUST’07-08) G‡ì jwä †f±i R | †f±i P I †f±i Q Gi gaëZx©
 
A. 120 B. 130 C. 135 D. †KvY | †f±i R I †f±i P gaëZx© †KvY |  =
65 180 n‡j,  = 180 n‡e hLb- (RU’11-12)
     
Soln: C A. P  Q B. Q  P C. P = Q D.
†KvbwUB bq
7. 3N Ges 5N gv‡bi `ywU ej ci¯úi j¤^w`‡K GK Soln: [D]
we›`y‡Z wµqv K‡i| Zv‡ì jwäi gvb KZ? 14. 2N Ges 5N gv‡bi `yÕwU ej ci¯úi j¤^w`‡K wµqv
(SUST’05-06) K‡i| 17.Zv‡ì jwäi gvb KZ? (CoU’08-09)
A. 34 N B. 8 N C. 86 N D. A. 6N B. 29 N C. 2 5 N D.
15 N 52 N
n
Sol : [A] Soln: [B]
15.†Kvb we›`y‡Z `yBwU ej 120 †Kv‡Y wµqvkxj|

৮.`yÕwU †f±i ivwki cÖ‡Z¨KwUi gvb 7 GKK| Giv e„nËi ejwUi gvb 10 N Ges Zv‡ì jwä ¶z`ªZi
ci¯úi 120 †Kv‡Y †_‡K GKB mv‡_ †Kvb we›`y‡Z e‡ji mv‡_ mg‡KvY Drcbœ Ki‡j ¶z`ªZi e‡ji
wµqvkxj| G‡ì jwäi gvb n‡e: (CU’07-08) gvb– (NU’08-09)
A. 8 GKK B. 7 GKK A. 4N B. 5N C. 6N D.
C. 9 GKK D. 10 GKK E. 6 GKK 8N
n
Sol : [B] Soln: [B]
9.`ywU mggv‡bi †f±i GKwU we›`y‡Z wµqvkxj| G‡ì 16.5N I 5N ej `yBwUi jwäi gvb 5N n‡j Zv‡ì
jwäi gvb †h †Kvb GKwU †f±‡ii gv‡bi mgvb| gaëZ©x †KvY n‡e- (NU’10-11)
†f±i†qi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ? (CU’12-13) A. 0 B. 60 C. 90 D.
A. 180 B. 0 C. 120 D. 120
90 Soln: [D]
Soln: [C]
17. 20N Ges 60N gv‡bi `yB †f±i ivwki g‡a¨ 30
10.†Kvb we›`y‡Z wµqviZ `ywU e‡ji GKwU AciwUi wØ¸b †KvY n‡j ivwk `yBwUi jwäi gvb- (RU’13-14)
Ges jwä ¶z`ªwUi Dci j¤^| ejØ‡qi AšÍM©Z †Kv‡Yi A. 77.96N B. 75.96N
cwigvY: (SUST’04-05) C. 65.86N D. 78.76N
A.45 B.150 C. 120 Soln: [A]
D.135
Soln: [C]
১১. `ywU †f±i GKB w`‡K wµqv Ki‡j G‡ì jwäi gvb 18.GKwU KYvi Dci †m‡K‡Û 2, 3 Ges 5 m/s gv‡bi
†f±i `ywUi gv‡bi - (CU’05-06) wZbwU †eM wewfbœ w`K n‡Z Kvh©iZ _vK‡jI KYvwU
A. we‡qvMd‡ji mgvb B. ¸Yd‡ji mgvb w¯’wZkxj i‡q‡Q| ¶z`ªZi `ywU †e‡Mi gaëZx©
†KvbwUi cwigvY KZ? (CoU’08-09)

A. 0 B. 180 C. 30 D. A. 5I, 3I B. 9I, 3I C. 5I, I D.
90 9I, I
Soln: [D] Soln: [A]
 
19. hw` A = 2î + ĵ − 2k̂ nq, Zvn‡j A Gi gvb n‡eÑ 22. `yBwU e‡ji jwäi gvb 40N| ej `yBwUi g‡a¨ †QvU
ejwUi gvb 30N Ges GwU jwä e‡ji j¤^ eivei wµqv K‡i|
(JnU’05-06)
eo ejwUi gvb KZ? (DU’10-11)
A. 1 B. 5 C. 0 D. 3
n
Sol : [D] A. 40N B. 45N C. 50N D.
60N
 
20. †f±i A = 2î + 4 ĵ − 5k̂ Ges B = î + 2 ĵ + 3k̂ Soln: [C]
 
†Ìqv Av‡Q| Zvn‡j A + B †ei Ki| (JnU’08-09) →    →   
23. P = i + 2 j− 2 k Ges Q = 3 i + 2 j+ 2 3 k
A. 3 B. 6 C. 7 D. 9
‡f±i `yBwU GKwU we›`y‡Z ci¯úi j¤^fv‡e
Soln: [C] →
wµqvkxj| G‡ì jwä †f±‡ii w`K ( P Gi
mv‡c‡¶) KZ? (DU’07-08)
21. `ywU Zi‡½i cÖvej¨ h_vµ‡g I Ges 4I, G‡K Ac‡ii A. 20 B. 59 C. 70 D.
Dci DcwicvZb n‡j m‡e©v”P I me©wbgœ cÖvej¨ n‡e t 90
(BUET 08-09) Soln: [B]
Type-3: †f±i ¸Yb , ‡f±‡ii gaëZ©x †KvY wbY©q
 
• A.B = AB cos  = AxBx + AyBy + AzBz
î ĵ k̂
 
• A  B = AB sin  = A x Ay Az
Bx By Bz
 î.î = ĵ. ĵ = k̂.k̂ = 1 Ges î  î = ĵ  ĵ = k̂  k̂ = 0

 î  ĵ = k̂ , k̂  î = ĵ , ĵ  k̂ = î , ĵ  î = −k̂
  2   2
Prob: A . B + A  B = KZ?
Solve: (AB cos )2 + (AB sin )2 = A2B2 Ans.
Prob: ( î  ĵ ) . k̂ Gi gvb KZ?
Solve: ( î  ĵ ) . k̂ = k̂.k̂ = 1 Ans.
Prob: ( î  ĵ ) . ( ĵ î )Gi gvb KZ?
Solve: ( î  ĵ ) . ( ĵ î ) = k̂.(−k̂ ) = –1
   
Prob:hw` A = 6î − 3 ĵ + 2k̂ Ges B = 2î + 2 ĵ + k̂ nq, A . B wbY©q Ki|
 
Solve: A . B = AxBx + AyBy + AzBz
= 6  2 + (–3)  2 + 2  1 = 8
Prob:hw` A = 2î + 4 ĵ − 5k̂ Ges B = î + 2ˆj + 3k̂ nq, Z‡e G‡ì gaëZ©x †KvY KZ?
 
  A.B
Solve: A . B = AB cos cos =
AB

A = (2) 2 + (4) 2 + (−5) 2 = 45
B = (1) 2 + (2) 2 + (3) 2 = 14
 
A . B = 2  1 + 4  2 + (–5)  3 = –5
−5
 cos = = –0.19920
45 14
 = 101.49
Prob: `ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj 18 GKK| G‡ì †f±i ¸Yd‡ji gvb 63 GKK| †f±iØ‡qi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ?
Solve:†¯‹jvi ¸Ydj, ABcosθ = 18
6 3
†f±i ¸Ydj, AB sin  = 6 3  = cot –1   = 30 

 18 
†f±i ¸b‡bi cÖ‡qvM
 
• AI B †f±iØq j¤^ n‡j AxBx + AyBy + AzBz = 0
  A A A
• AI B ‡f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡j x = y = z
Bx By Bz
Prob: 2î + ĵ + k̂ Ges 4î − 2aĵ + 2k̂ †f±iØq mgvšÍivj/j¤^ n‡j a Gi gvb KZ?
Solve: mgvšÍivj n‡j,
Ax Ay 2 1
=  =
Bx B y 4 − 2a
–4a = 4 a = –1 Ans.
†f±iØq j¤^ n‡j,
AxBx + AyBy + AzBz = 0
8 – 2a + 2 = 0
10 = 2a a = 5 Ans.
   
Prob: A = î + ĵ , B = 2î + k̂ , C = aî + 4ˆj n‡j (A + B)Ges C ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j a Gi gvb KZ?
 
  
Solve: A+B=3iˆ+ ˆj+kˆ Ges C = aî + 4ˆj
†f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j, 3  a + 1  4 + 1  0 = 0
3a + 4 = 0  a = –4/3 Ans.
→ ^ ^ ^ → ^ ^ ^
Prob:GKwU KYvi Dci F = (6 i − 3 j+ 2 k ) N ej cÖ‡qv‡M KYvwUi r = (2 i + 2 j− k ) m miY nq| ej KZ…K
© m¯úvw`Z
Kv‡RicwigvY wbY©q Ki|
→ → ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Solve: K…Z KvR, W = F . r = (6 i − 3 j+ 2 k ).(2 i + 2 j− k )
= 62 + (–3)  2 + 2 (–1) = 12 – 6 – 2 = 4J Ans.
†f±‡ii gaëZ©x †KvY wbY©q

 
A.B
• cos  =
AB
A x Bx + A y B y + A z Bz
• cos =
AB
A‡¶i mv‡_ Drcbœ †Kv‡Yi †¶Î,

 
 î -Gi 
x = cos–1   Ges
 AmnM
2 2
x + Ay + AZ
2

 

 
–1  ŷ -Gi 
y = cos  
 AmnM
2 2
x + Ay + AZ
2

 
 
 ẑ -Gi 
z = cos–1  
 mnM
Ax2 + Ay2 + Az2 
 
 
Prob: A = î + ĵ , B = ĵ + k̂ G‡ì gaëZx †KvY KZ?
 
Solve: A.B = AB cos 
 
1
 = cos–1  
A.B 1
 cos = =
AB 2 2
 = 60 Ans.
 
Prob: A = î + ĵ , B = î − ĵ , G‡ì gaëZx †KvY KZ?
 
Solve: A.B = AB cos 
0
 cos = =0
2 2
 = cos–1 (0) = 90 Ans.


Prob: A = 2î + 2 ĵ + k̂ †f±iwUi X-A‡¶i mv‡_ †KvY KZ?
2 2 2
Solve: cos = =  = cos–1  
3 1 3 3
 = 48.1 Ans.
MCQ:
ACADEMIC PART
 wb‡Pi A.4 B. 5
Z‡_ïAv‡jv‡KcÖk¸œ ‡jviDËi `vI C. 6 D.7
 
A = 5î + 2 ĵ − 3k̂ Ges B = 15î − aĵ − 9k̂ Soln: C
    
1. A = ? 3. A ‡f±i = − B †f±in‡j ( A ‡f±i B
‡f±i) Gi gvb †ei Ki|
A. 26 B. 29 A. –A2 B. 0
C. 38 D. 38 2
C. –B D. 1
Soln: C Soln: B
 
2. A I B ci¯úimgvšÍivjn‡ja Gi gvb KZ?

4. ‡¯‹jvi ¸Yb †f±iivwki `ywUigv‡Yi WU ¸Yb A.mg‰iwLK B.ci¯úi j¤^
GesZv‡ìgaëZx© †Kv‡Yi ----------- Gi ¸Ydj? C.mgZjxq D.mgRvZxq
A.sin B.cosec Soln: C
C.cos D. sec
Soln: C  
10. A = 3î − 3 ĵ + 3k̂ Ges B = 2 î − ˆj − 3k̂
 
n‡j A I B gaëZx© †Kv‡Yigvb KZ n‡e?
     A.60 B.0
5. A I B †f±i `ywUigvb| A + B | = | A
 C.120 D.90
– B | †f±iØ‡qigaëZx© †KvY KZ?
Soln: D
A.30 B.45  
11. PX Aÿeiveiwµqvkxj| hw` PQ = 0 nq
C. 60 D. 90 
Z‡e †KvbwU Q n‡e?
Soln: D
A. 2 î B. î + 2ˆj
C. 2 ˆj D ˆj + k̂
 
6. A = 9î + ĵ − 6k̂ Ges B = 4î − 6 ĵ + 5k̂ Soln: C
n‡j G‡ì WU ¸Yb KZ n‡e?  
12. A I B Gi WU ¸Y‡b KZ n‡e?
A.9 B. 10.86 A.38 B. 90
C. 8.77 D. 0
C. 3 38 D. 4
Soln: D n
Sol : B
 
13. A = î + ˆj + k̂ Ges B = 2 î + 2ˆj + 2 k̂ n‡j
7. GKwU we›`yi ¯’vbvsK (2, 3,1) n‡j we›`ywUi  
Ae¯’vbw`Kivwkigvbn‡e- A  B =?
A. 19 B. 15 A. 3î + 3ˆj + 3k̂ B.
C. 14 D. 10 2 î + 2ˆj + 2k̂
Soln:C (
C. 12 î + ˆj + k̂ ) D.0
  Soln: D
8. hw` A I B †f±iØq GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki
`yBmwbœwnZevûwb‡`©k K‡i Z‡e mvgvšÍwi‡Ki 14.`ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj18Ges †f±i
†ÿÎdjn‡e-
    ¸Yd‡jigvb 6 3 | †f±iØ‡qigaëZx© †KvYn‡e-
A. A.B B. A  B A.60 B. 90
 
AB C. 30 D. 120
C.   D.Dc‡ii Soln: C
A B
†KvbwUbq
15. a Gi gvb KZ n‡j, 3î + aˆj + k̂ I
Soln: B
4 î + 3ˆj − 6k̂ ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e?
A.1 B.–2
      C. 3 D. 4
9. A.(B  C) = 0 n‡j A, B I C Gi g‡a¨
m¤úK© Kx n‡e? Soln: B

Soln: C
16.`ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi/WU ¸Ydjk~b¨ n‡j,
†f±iØ‡qigaëZx© †KvY KZ n‡e?  
22. P I Q †f±iØ‡qi †¯‹jvi ¸Yd‡jigvbn‡e-
A.0 B.90
C. 60 D. 30 A. 96 B.16
Soln: B C. 180 D. 10
 
17. A = 2î + 3 ĵ Ges B = 4î + 5k̂ ‡f±iØ‡qi Soln: D
†¯‹jvi ¸Y‡bigvb- 
A. 13 B. 41 23. ‡f±i A = î − 3ˆj + 5k̂ Ges

C. 8 D. 2.5 B = a î + 6 ĵ − 10 k̂ | a Gi gvbn‡j †f±i
Soln: C `ywUmgvšÍivjn‡e?

18.‡f±i A abvZ¥KXAÿeiveiwµqvKi‡Q| Ab¨ A.0 B. –2
  
GKwU †f±i B Ggbfv‡ewµqvKi‡Q †h, A  B k~b¨ C. –1 D. 1

nq| Zvn‡j B n‡e-
Soln: B
A. 4ˆj B. 4 î
( )
C. − î + ˆj D. ĵ + k̂ 24.
 
hw` F = 8î − 2ˆj Ges r = 6î + 8ˆj nq Zvn‡j
Soln: B 
F.r̂ n‡e-
  A.48 B. 32
19. P = 4î − 4 ĵ + k̂ Ges Q = 2î − 2 ĵ − k̂
C. 8 D.6
†f±iØvivGKwUmvgvšÍwi‡Ki
`ywUmwbœwnZevûwb‡`©k Ki‡jZvi †ÿÎdj- Soln: A
A. 6.49 GKK B.7.49 GKK  
C.8.49 GKK D. 9.9 GKK 25. A I B †f±iØqci¯ú‡iiDci j¤^ n‡ehw` -
   
A. A . B = 1 B. A . B = 90
    
Soln: C C. A . B = 0 D. A  B = 0

20. ‡Kvb †f±iwU A = 4î + 3 ĵ Gi Dci j¤^? Soln: C
A. 4î + 3ˆj B. 6 î  
26. A = 2î − 3 ĵ + 5k̂ Ges B = xî + 2ˆj − 10 k̂
C. 7k̂ D. 3ˆj
†f±i `ywUci¯ú‡iiDci j¤^ n‡jx Gi gvb KZ?
Soln: C
 wb‡Pi A.22 B. 21
Z‡_ïAv‡jv‡K 21-22 bs cÖ‡kœiDËi `vI C. 2 D. –2
  Soln: A
P = 2 î − 3ˆj − k̂ Ges Q = 2 î − ˆj − 3k̂
†f±iØq GKB mgZ‡jAew¯’Z|    
  27. A = − B n‡j A  B Gi gvbn‡e
21. P I Q †f±iØq †h Z‡jAew¯’Z ZviAwfj¤^
w`‡Ki †f±iwUn‡e- A. –A2 B.k~b¨
2
C.– B D. 1
A. 4 î + 4ˆj + 4k̂ B. 4 î + 8 ĵ − 4k̂ n
Sol : B
C. 8î − 4ˆj + 4k̂ D. 4 î + 4ˆj − 8k̂

  
28. ‡f±i A , B I C Gi gvbh_vµ‡g 12,
      
5Ges13 Ges A + B = C | †f±i A I B 34. hw` A = 6î + 4ˆj Ges B = 8î + 6k̂ nq,
 
Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ? Zvn‡j A . B n‡e-
 A.48 B.32
A. B.
2 C.24 D. 72
 Soln: A
C.k~b¨ D.
4
Soln: B  
35. A I B ci¯úimgvšÍivj nq ZLb-
   
29. `ywU †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj18Ges †f±i ¸Yd‡jigvb A. A . B = 1 B. A  B = –1
   
6 3 | †f±iØ‡qigaëZx© †KvYn‡e- C. A . B = 0 D. A  B = 0
A.60 B. 90 Soln: D
C. 30 D. 120    
n
Sol : C 36. `ywU †f±i A I B ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j A . B Gi
gvb KZ?
 
30. A = 9 î + ˆj − 6k̂ Ges B = 4î − 6ˆj + 5k̂ A.0 B.A + B
†f±iØ‡qi †¯‹jAi ¸Ydj KZ? C. AB D. 1
Soln: A
A.36 B. 30
C. 6 D.k~b¨
37. î + k̂ = ?
Soln: D
 wb‡Pi Z‡_ïAv‡jv‡K 31-32 bs cÖ‡kœiDËi A. ˆj B.0
`vI
  C. 1 D. − ˆj
A = 2 î + 2ˆj − k̂ Ges B = 6î − 3ˆj + 2k̂
  Soln: D
n‡j A I B Gi gaëZx© †KvYwbY©q Ki|
31. ‡f±i `ywUi †¯‹jvi ¸Yb KZ n‡e?   
38. hw` A + B = C nq †f±i-
A.4 B. 6 
A.ïay A Gi mv‡_ j¤^
C. 8 D. 10 
Soln: A B.ïay B Gi mv‡_ j¤^

C.ïay B Gi mv‡_ mgvšÍivj
 
32. ‡f±iivwk `ywUigaëZx© †Kv‡Yigvb KZ? D. A I B Df‡qi mv‡_ j¤^
A.45 B. 56 Soln: D
C. 69 D. 79
Soln: 39. mwVKDËi †KvbwU?
A. k̂  ĵ = î B. k̂  ĵ = 1

33. ‡Kvb †f±iwU A = 4 î + 3ˆj Gi Dci j¤^? C. k̂  ˆj = − î D k̂  ĵ = 0
A. 4 î + 3ˆj B. 6 î Soln: C
C. 7k̂ D. 3ˆj  
n
Sol : C 40. A I B †f±i `ywU †_‡K cvB-

   
i) A  B = B  A 
    C. D.
2
ii) A . B = B . A
    Soln: C
iii) A + B = B + A
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK? 
42. A wb‡Pi †Kvb †f±iwUi mv‡_ mgvšÍivj?
A.i B.i I ii  
C.ii I iii D.i, ii I iii A. B B. C
   
Soln: C C. B . C D. B  C
Soln: D
 wb‡Pi
Z‡_ïAv‡jv‡K 41-42 bs cÖ‡kœiDËi `vI 43. `ywU †f±iivwki †¯‹jvi ¸Yb-
  
wZbwU †f±i A , B I C Gi m¤úK© n‡”Q GB A.GKwUexRMvwYwZK ¸Ydj
   
iKg A . B = 0Ges A . C =0| B.GKwU †f±iivwk nq
 
41. A I C Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ? C.GKwU †¯‹jviivwk nq
D.ivwk `ywUigaëZ©x †Kv‡YimvB‡bimgvbycvwZK

A.0 B. Soln: C
21
ADMISSION PART
১.y Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ †f±iØq 2î + yĵ + k̂ Ges    

4î − 2 ĵ − 2k̂ ci¯c‡ii Dci j¤^? (DU’01-02) 4. A = − B n‡j, A  B Gi gvb †ei
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 KiÑ(DU’05-06)
A. −A2 B. 0 C. −B2 D. 1
n
Sol : [B]
Soln: C  
5.hw` P = 2iˆ + 4 ˆj − 5kˆ Ges Q = iˆ + 2 ˆj + 3kˆ nq Z‡e

2. `ywU †f±i A = 2î + 3 ĵ − 4k̂ Ges G‡ì gaëZ©x †KvYÑ (DU’09-10)
 A. 78.51 B. 105.25
B = x î + 6 ĵ − 8k̂ †`qv Av‡Q| x Gi †h gv‡bi Rb¨
  C. 11.49 D. 101.49
†f±i A Ges †f±i B mgvšÍivj n‡e Zv
Soln: [D]
njÑ(DU’02-03)
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
n
6.GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †¶ÎdjÑ (DU’11-12)
Sol : B    
A. A  B B. A.B C. AB D.
†KvbwUB bq
৩. hw` A = î + ĵ + k̂ , B = 2î + 2 ĵ + 2k̂, n‡j
Soln: [A]
A  B = ? (DU’03-04) →   
৭।.hw` A = 2 i + 3 j − 5k Ges
A. 3î + 3 ĵ + 3k̂ B. 2î + 2 ĵ + 2k̂ →   
B = m i + 2 j + 10k Z‡e m Gi gvb KZ n‡j
C. 12 (î + ĵ + k̂ ) D. 0
†f±iØq ci¯ú‡ii Dci j¤^ n‡e? (DU’13-14)
A. 12 B. 20 C. 22 D.
120
Soln: D Soln: C

৮GKwU Kv‡Vi LÐ‡K Avbyf‚wg‡Ki mv‡_ 60 †Kv‡Y 14.`ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj 18 Ges †f±i
200N ej Øviv Uvbv n‡”Q| e¯‘wUi Dci ¸Yd‡ji gvb 6 3 | †f±iØ‡qi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ ?
Avbyf‚wg‡Ki w`‡K Kvh©Kix ej KZ? (DU’13- (KUET 11-12)
14) A. 20 B. 25 C. 30 D.
A. 200N B. 100N C. 174N D. 40
zero Soln: [C]
Soln: [B] →   →    →  
15. A = 2 i – 3 j ,B = i + j – k , C = 3 i – k
A = 3.0i – 3.0j Ges
→
৯ `yBwU †f±i wbgœwjwLZ †f±i †cÖvWv‡±i gvb †ei Ki:
→ → →
B = 5.0i – 5.0
→ A  (B  C)(CUET 11-12)
k Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
(DU’14-15) A. 4 B. 8
A. 60 B. 30 C. 45 D. C. −4 D. None of
90 these
Soln: [A] Soln: [A]
 
→ → → 16.hw` A = 3î + 3 ĵ + 3k̂ Ges B = 2î + ĵ − 3k̂ nq,
10.†f±i A B Ges C Gi gvb h_vµ‡g 12, 5 Ges 13  
→ → → → → Zvn‡j A I B Gi gaëZ©x †KvY wbY©q Ki|
GKK Ges A + B = C †f±i A I B Gi gaëZ©x (JnU’06-07)
†KvY n‡e t (BUET 06-07) A. 45 B. 0 C. 30 D.
 90
A.  B. 2 C. zero D.
Soln: [D]

4 17.GKK †f±i-Gi †¶‡Î †Kvb gvbwU mwVK?
Soln: [B] (JnU’13-14)
   
  
A. i × i = 1 B. i × j = 1
11.hw` p− = 4 i − 4 j + k Ges †f±iØq GKwU   
C. i × i = k
mvgvšÍwi‡Ki `yBwU mwbœwnZ evû wb‡`©k K‡i Z‡e  
Dnvi †¶Îdj n‡eÑ (KUET 06-07) D. i × i = –1
Soln: [C]
A. 32 sq. unit B. 81 sq. unit  
17. A = ĵ + k̂, B = î n‡j- (JnU’04-05)
C. 72 sq. unit D. 98 sq. unit    
A. A I B ci¯úi j¤^ B. A I B ci¯úi
D. 50 sq. unit
mgvšÍivj
Soln: [C]  
−    C. A I B Gi gaëZ©x †KvY 45
12. †f±i A = 2 i + 2 j + k Ges  
−   
D. A I B Gi gaëZ©x †KvY 60
B = 6 i − 3 j + 2k n‡j G‡ì AšÍf~©³ †KvY Soln: [A]
wbY©q Ki| (KUET 09-10)
A. 77 B. 78 C. 79 D. 18.`yB †f±‡ii gvb h_vµ‡g 8 Ges 6 GKK| Zviv
80 E. 81 ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ 30 †Kv‡Y wµqv K‡i| G‡ì †f±i
n
Sol : [C] ¸Ydj KZ? (CU’08-09)
→    →   
13. A = 2 i + 2 j − k Ges B = 15 i + a j + 2k A. 16 GKK B. 20 GKK
→ → C. 24 GKK D. 28 GKK E. 48
n‡j "a" Gi gvb KZ n‡j A I B ci¯úi mgvb
GKK
n‡e (KUET 10-11)
Soln: [C]
A. 7 B. 6 C. 5 D. 4   
E. 8 19. K (i × j )Gi gvb KZ?
Soln: [B] (CU’11-12)
A. 2 B. 4
C.0 D. 6 E. 1

Soln: [E] Soln: [A]

20. A = 5î + 2 ĵ − 3k̂ Ges 28. `ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj 18

"a" Gi gvb KZ n‡j †f±iØq
B = 15 î + aĵ − 9k̂ | GKK| G‡ì †f±i ¸Yd‡ji gvb 63 GKK|
†f±iØ‡qi gaëZ©x †KvY: (SUST’06-07)
ci®úi mgvšÍivj n‡e? (CU’12-13)
A. 6 B. 3 C. 7 D. A.600 B. 900 C. 300 D.
0
11 120
Soln: [A] Soln: [C]
→ →
  
21.. (2 i – 3 j + k ) Gi gvb KZ?(CU’13-14) 29. a Gi gvb KZ n‡j wb‡Pi †f±i A I B ci¯úi

A. –2 B. 3 mgvšÍivj n‡e, †hLv‡b A = 5î + 2 ĵ + 3k̂ Ges

C. 1 D. 2 E. – B = 15 î + aĵ + 9k̂ ? (SUST’07-08)
3
A. 6 B. 4 C. 3 D. 5
Soln: [E]
Soln: [A]
 
22.hw` A = 2î + 3 ĵ − k̂ Ges B = 3î − 2 ĵ − 3k̂ nq,  
   30. hw` A = 4î + 3 ĵ − 4k̂ Ges B = 8î − 2 ĵ − 3k̂ nq
Zvn‡j ( A + B ).B Gi gvb: (SUST’04-05)  
Zvn‡j A . B KZ? †hLv‡b A I B `ywU †f±i ivwk|
A.2 B.3 C.4
(RU’05-06)
D.25
A. 25 B. 38 C. 0 D.
Soln: [D]   30
23. a Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ †f±i A I B mgvšÍivj
 Soln: [B]
n‡e †hLv‡b A = 5î + 2 ĵ − 3k̂ I
 31. A = 5 ˆj + 2 ˆj − 3kˆ Ges B = 15iˆ + aˆj − 9kˆ; a Gi
B = aî + 4 ĵ − 6k̂ :( SUST’04-05)
†Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ A I B ci¯úi mgvšÍivj n‡e?
A.2 B.4 C.6 (RU’05-06)
D.10 A. 3 B. 4 C. 0 D. 6
Soln: [D] Soln: [D]
   
24. P⊥Q n‡j P  (Q  P) Gi gvb: (SUST’04- 32. †f±i‡K †f±i Øviv ¸Y Ki‡j ¸Ydj nq:
05) (RU’09-10)
A.0 B.1 C.P2Q A. †¯‹jvi B. †f±i
D.PQ C. KLbI †¯‹jvi,KLbI †f±i D.
Soln: [C] aªæeK
 
25. A = 2î + 3 ĵ − 5k̂ Ges B = mî + 2 ĵ + 10 k̂ n‡j Soln: [C]
m-Gi wK gv‡bi Rb¨ †f±iØq ci¯ú‡ii Dci j¤^   
n‡e? (SUST’05-06) 33. A, B I C †f±i wZbwU GKB Z‡j nIqvi kZ©
A. 22 B. 20 C. 18 D. †KvbwU? (RU’09-10)
A. A • (B  C ) = 0 B. A • (B • C ) = 0
     
25
Soln: [A]      
C. A • B • C = 0 D. A  B  C = 0
26. hw` A = 3i − k Ges B=i+2j GKwU   
Soln: [A] A • B • C = 0
mvgvšÍwi‡Ki `yÕwU mwbœwnZ evû nq, Z‡e   
mvgvšÍwiKwUi †¶Îdj KZ? (SUST’05-06) 34. A  B †f±iwU A Gi mv‡_ KZ †KvY ˆZix K‡i?
1 1 1 (RU’10-11)
A. 7 B. 17 C. 41 D.
2 2 2 A. 0 B. 45
41 C. 90 D. 60
Soln: [D] Soln: [C]
27. hw` A.(B  C ) = a Ges B.(C  A ) = b nq Z‡e-
       
35. i × i × k -Gi gvb KZ?(RU’13-14)
(SUST’06-07) 
A. i B. 1 C. 0 D. –
A. a = b B. a > b 
C. b > a D. a  b j

 
Soln: [B] 40. P = 2î − 3 ĵ + k̂ Ges Q = 3î + 6 ĵ + k̂ †f±iØq
   
ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j  Gi gvb KZ? (CoU’08-09)
36. k × j + j × k -Gi gvb- (RU’13-14) A. 7 B. 12 C. 18 D.
  
A. j B. ⃗0 C. i D.k 29
Soln: [B] Soln: [B]
37. î + ĵ Ges î + ĵ + pk̂ ‡f±i `y‡Uvi gaëZ©x †KvY
41.gvb k~b¨ bq Ggb `ywU †f±‡ii WU ¸Ydj k~b¨ n‡j
 n‡j
4 †f±iØq ci¯úi- (JU’10-11)
p-Gi gvb KZ? (CoU’08-09) A. j¤^ B. mgvšÍivj
A. 12 B.  2 C. 2 D. 1 C. mgvb D. †KvbwUB bq
Soln: [B] Soln: [A]
 
38 . GKwU KYvi Dci †m‡K‡Û 2, 3 42. †f±i A = 3î − 4ˆj + 2kˆ I B = 6î + 2ˆj − 3kˆ
Ges 5 m/s gv‡bi wZbwU †eM wewfbœ w`K n‡Z Gi †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj n‡e- (JU’10-11)
Kvh©iZ _vK‡jI KYvwU w¯’wZkxj i‡q‡Q| ¶z`ªZi A. 10 B. 4
`ywU †e‡Mi gaëZx© †KvbwUi cwigvY KZ?
C. 8î + 2ˆj + 30kˆ D. 6î + 3ˆj − 2kˆ
(CoU’08-09)
A. 0 B. 180 C. 30 D. Soln: [B]
90  43. îî GKK †f±‡ii ¸Ydj KZ? (JU’11-12)
Soln: [D] A. 1 B. 0 C. –ĵ D.
39. î − ĵ I ĵ + k̂ Gi gaëZx© †KvY †KvbwU? (08-09) k̂
Soln: [B]
A. 90 B. 80 C. 120 D.
60 
Soln: [C]
Type-3: j¤^ Awf‡¶c

 
  A.B
• A eivei B Gi Awf‡¶c =
A
   
Prob: A = 2î + ĵ + k̂ Ges B = î + 2 ĵ n‡j B eivei A Gi Awf‡¶c KZ?
 
  A.B 2 + 2 4
Solve: B eivei A Gi Awf‡¶c = = = Ans.
B 5 5

Prob: A = 2î + ĵ + 2k̂ †f±iwUi Y A¶ eivei j¤^ Awf‡¶c KZ?
1
Solve: Y - A¶ eivei Awf‡¶c = = 1 Ans.
1
     
Prob: B = 2 i − 10 j− 11k †f±i eivei A = 2 i − 2 j+ k †f±‡ii Dcvsk KZ?
→ →
B.A 4 + 20 − 11 13
Solve: AskK Gi gvb = →
= = Ans.
B
2 2
2 + 10 + 11 2 15
MCQ:

Academic Part
    
1. A I B Gi gaëZx© †KvYGes A Gi w`‡KGKwU GKK †f±i â n‡j A Gi D ci B Gi j¤^ Awf‡ÿcn‡jv-
i) Acos ii) Bcos

iii) B . â
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
A.i B.ii
C.i I ii D.ii I iii
Soln: D
Admission Part
1.
 
A = î + 2ĵ + k̂ †f±iwUi B = î + ĵ †f±i Awfg~‡L
AskK KZ? (DU’00-01) 
3 3.†f±i B = 6î − 3 ĵ + 2k̂ Gi Dci †f±i
A. 3 B. 6 C. D. 
2 A = 2î + 2 ĵ + k̂ Gi j¤^ Awf‡¶c KZ? (RU’07-
7 08)
 
2 A.5/4 B.10/11 C.8/10
Soln: C D.8/7
Soln: D
→    →   
2. A = 2 i + 2j + k Ges B = 6 i - 3 j + 2k n‡j →    →  
→ → 4. A = 2 i + 2j + k †f±iwUi B = i + j †f±i
B eivei A Gi Awf‡¶c n‡e t (BUET 09- Awfgy‡L AskK KZ?(RU’13-14)
10) 3
8 8 3 A. 3 B. 6 C. D.
A. 7 B. 3 C. 8 D. 2
7
7
2
8
Soln: [C]
Soln: [A]
Type-4: GKK †f±i

 R
• R Gi w`‡K GKK †f±i, r̂ = 
|R|
→ →
→ → A B
• A I B Gi j¤^w`‡K GKK †f±i,  =  → →
A B
       
Prob: A = î + ĵ + 2k̂ , B = 2î + ĵ + k̂ , R = 2î + ĵ − k̂ | A, B, C Gijwä R n‡j, C Gi GKK †f±i wbY©q Ki|

       
Solve: R = A + B + C C = R − (A + B)

 C = − î − ĵ − 4k̂

C 1
GKK †f±i ĉ =  = (−î − ĵ − 4k̂ ) Ans.
|C| 3 2
Prob: î + 2 ĵ + k̂ Ges 2î + ĵ + 2k̂ †f±Ø‡qi jwäi mgvšÍivj GKK †f±i wbY©q Ki|
Solve: R = î + 2 ĵ + k̂ + 2î + ĵ + 2k̂
R = 3î + 3 ĵ + 3k̂
R = 32 + 32 + 32 = 3 3

= 1 (î + ĵ + k̂ ) Ans.
R 3î + 3 ĵ + 3k̂
GKK †f±i, r̂ =  =
R 3 3 3
MCQ:
Academic Part
 
1. A  B Gi Awfgy‡L GKK †f±i ‡KvbwU? 1
  C. î − ĵ + k̂ D.
AB 2
A. n̂ =   B. 2 2ˆ 1
B A î + j + k̂
  3 3 3
AB Soln: A
n̂ =  
AB
 
AB 3. 3î + ˆj + 2k̂ ‡f±iwUx-y Z‡j ‰`N¨© n‡e-
C. n̂ =   D.
AB i) 14
 
AB ii) 10
n̂ =  
AB iii) 5
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
Soln: B
A.i B.ii
C.iii D.ii I iii
Soln: A
 
2. A = 3î − 3 ĵ + 3k̂ n‡j A Gi w`‡K GKK
†f±in‡e 4.AvqZ GKK n‡”Q k̂ Gi AwfgyL n‡”Q-
2 2 1 i)X Aÿeivei ii) †h †Kvbw`‡K
A. î − ˆj + k̂ B.
3 3 3 iii) Z Aÿeivei
2 1 wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
î − ˆj + k̂
3 3 A.i I ii B.ii I iii
C.i I iii D.iii
Soln: D

A9 B 19
5.‡Kv‡bv †f±i‡KZvigvbØvivfvMKi‡j †Kvb C 19 D6
†f±icvIqvhvq?
Soln: C
A Ae¯’vb †f±i B miY †f±i
C GKK †f±i D bvj †f±i 9.‡f±iØ‡qimgvšÍivj GKK †f±i Kx?
Soln: C 3 3 3
A î + ĵ + k̂
  19 19 19
6. P = 3î + 6 ĵ − 2k̂ n‡j P Gi mgvšÍivj GKK 3 3 3
B î + ĵ + k̂
†f±i †KvbwU? 9 9 9
3 6 2 3 3 3
A î + ĵ + k̂ C î + ĵ + k̂
7 7 7 19 19 19
3 6 2 3 3 3
B î + ĵ − k̂ D î + ĵ + k̂
7 7 7 6 6 6
3 6 2 Soln: A
C î − ĵ + k̂ 
7 7 7
10. A ‡f±‡ii w`‡K GKK †f±i â n‡j â =
3 6 2 KZ?
D î − ĵ − k̂
7 7 7 
n
AA BA
Sol : A 
A
C D1
 A
7. F = 5î + 2 ĵ − 3k̂ GB ej †f±iwUi XZ Z‡j
Soln: C
gvb KZ GKK?
A 13 B 29
11.XOZZ‡jimgvšÍivjGes 3î + ˆj + 4k̂
C 34 D 38 ‡f±‡ii mv‡_ j¤^ GKK †f±iwU n‡e-
Soln: C 1
A 4 î − 3k̂ B (4î − 3k̂ )
5
 wb‡Pi 1
Z‡_ïAv‡jv‡K 103-104 bs cÖk¸ œ ‡jviDËi `vI C (3î − 4k̂ ) D 3î − 4 k̂
  5
A = î + 2ˆj − 2k̂ Ges B = 2 î + ˆj + k̂ Soln: B
8.‡f±iØ‡qijwäigvb KZ?
Admission Part

1.wb‡Pi †KvbwU A =3î − 6 ĵ + 2K̂ ‡f±‡ii w`‡K GKK †f±i? (SUST’07-08)
3 6 2 1 1
A. î − ĵ + K̂ B. î − ĵ + K̂
7 7 7 2 3

2 6 3
C. î − ĵ + K̂ D. î + ĵ + K̂
7 7 7
Soln: [A]
Type-5: Dcvsk wefvRb
C B

 R
Y

O  A
X
• j¤^fv‡e wefvR‡bi †¶‡Î,


• Avbyfw~ gK Dcvsk, X = R cos 

• Dj¤^ Dcvsk, Y = R sin 
Prob:Kvb ¯’v‡b evZvm 20 kmh–1†e‡M cwðg w`‡Ki mv‡_ 60†Kv‡Y `w¶Y w`K †_‡K eB‡Q| evZv‡mi †e‡Mi DËigyLx
I c~e©gyLx Dcvs‡ki gvb KZ?
Solve: c~e©gyLx Dcvsk, VE = V cos = 20 cos 60 = 10 kmh–1
DËigyLx Dcvsk, VN = V sin  = 20 sin 60 = 17.32 kmh–1
Prob:4ms–1 †e‡M j¤^vjw¤^ e„wó co‡Q GKRb †jvK 3ms–1 †e‡M †`Šov‡bvi mgq Dj‡¤î mv‡_ KZ †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡j e„wó n‡Z
i¶v cv‡e|
†jv‡Ki †eM 3
Solve: tan = e„wói †eM  tan =  = 36.8Ans.
4
Prob:evqy `w¶Y-c~e© w`‡K cÖevwnZ n‡”Q| Gi †e‡Mi `w¶YgyLx As‡ki gvb N›Uvq 8 km Ges c~e©gyLx As‡ki gvb N›Uvq 6
km| evqyi cÖK…Z †eM Ges w`K wbY©q Ki|
Solve: cÖK…Z †eM, w = u2 + v2 = 82 + 62 = 100 =10km / h
v 6
tan  = u  tan  = 8  = tan-1(o.75)
 36.87 hv `w¶Y w`‡Ki mv‡_ †KvY m„wó K‡i| Ans.
Academic Part
1.GKwU †e‡MiAbyf~wgK I Djø¤^ Dcvskh_vµ‡g ❑ wb‡Pi Aby‡”Q`wU

6ms-1 Ges8ms-1n‡j †eMwUigvb KZ? co GescÖk¸ œ ‡jviDËi `vI
A.12ms-1 B.14ms-1 N›Uvq 40km †eM c~e©w`‡K Pjgvb †Kvb
C.9ms-1 D.10ms-1 cÖvB‡fUKvi Gi PvjK N›Uvq 40 3 km †e‡M GKwU
UªvK‡K DËi w`‡K Pj‡Z †`Lj|
Soln: D 2.UªvKwU KZ †Kv‡Y †Kvbw`‡K PjwQj?

A.c~e© w`‡Ki mv‡_ 60†Kv‡YDËiw`‡K gwbiMvwo‡ZP‡o40 km/s ‡e‡MXvKv †_‡K
B.c~e© w`‡Ki mv‡_ 60 †Kv‡Y `wÿYw`‡K Uv½vB‡j hv‡”Q| cw_g‡a¨ e„wóïiæn‡jvhvicÖK…Z
†eM40km/h|
C.c~e© w`‡K mv‡_ 45†Kv‡YDËiw`‡K
6.gwbi evZv‡m †h cÖevn Abyfe Ki‡Q Zvi MwZ‡eM
D.c~e© w`‡Ki mv‡_ 45†Kv‡Y `wÿYw`‡K KZ?
Soln: A A 40 km/h B 30 km/h
C 20 km/h D 10 km/h
3.UªvKwU cÖK…Zc‡ÿ KZ †e‡M PjwQj?
Soln: A
A.60kmh-1 B.70kmh-1
C.80kmh-1 D.90kmh-1 7.cošÍ e„wói AvcvZ †e‡Mi-
Soln: A i) gvbn‡e 40 2km / h
4.evqyDËiw`K I c~e© w`‡Kiga¨ w`‡qcÖevwnZn‡”Q| ii) w`Kn‡eDjø‡¤î mv‡_ 45 †KvY
†e‡MiDËiw`‡KiAsk‡KN›Uvq5 kmGesc~e©w`‡Ki iii) gvbe„wóicÖK…Z gv‡bi †P‡q Kg n‡e
Ask‡KN›Uvq12 kmjwä †eM KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?
A.17 kmh–1 B. 13 kmh–1 A i I ii B i I iii
C. 60 kmh–1 D. 7 kmh–1 C ii I iii D i, ii I iii
Soln: B Soln: A
5.‡Kvbej †bŠKv‡Kmvg‡bGwM‡q †bq? 8.GKwU †f±i‡K m‡ev©”P KqwU Dcvs‡k fvM Kiv
A Djø¤^ Dcvsk B jwä hvq?
C IRb D Abyf~wgKDcvsk A `ywU B wZbwU
n
Sol : D C QqwU D AmsL¨
Soln: D
wb‡Pi Z‡_ïAv‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœiDËi
`vI
Admission Part
1.GKRb mvB‡Kj Av‡ivnx mgZj iv¯Ívi Dci w`‡q KZ Ges c~e© w`‡Ki AskK 12 km/hr| jwä‡eM
†e‡M Pj‡j 6 m/s †e‡Mi e„wói †dvUv Zvi Zv‡q KZ ? (KUET 05-06)
45 †KvY co‡e ? (KUET 05-06) A. 17 hm/hr B.
A. 8 m/s B. 7 m/s C. 6 m/s D. 5 13 km/hr
m/s C. 60 km/hr D. 7
Soln: [C] km/hr
2. evqy DËi w`‡K I c~e© w`‡Ki ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ Soln: [B]
n‡”Q| evqyi †e‡Mi DËi w`‡Ki AskK 5 km/hr

3. 4ms−1†e‡M MgbKv‡j GKRb †jvK 6ms−1†e‡M Soln: [A]
j¤^fv‡e cwZZ e„wói m¤§yLxb nj| e„wó †_‡K i¶v
†c‡Z n‡j †jvKwU‡K KZ †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e? 5.3 m/s †e‡M †`Š‡o hvevi Kv‡j GKRb †jvK 6 m/s
(JnU’10-11) †e‡M j¤^fv‡e cwZZ e„wói m¤§yLxb n‡jv| e„wó n‡Z
A. 43.7 B. 33.7 †f±i K¨vjKzjvm I Acv‡iUi i¶v †c‡Z n‡j Zv‡K
C. 23.7 D. 33.2 E. 43.2 KZ †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e? (RU’07-08)
Soln: [B] A.26 34 B. 30
4.†f±i wefvR‡bi `„óvšÍ †KvbwU? (JnU’13-14) C. 71 57 D. †KvbwUB bq
A. ¸YUvbv †bŠKvi MwZ B. cvwLi DÇqb Soln: [A]
C. PjšÍ Mvwo‡Z cošÍ e„wó D. Mvwoi MwZ
Type-6: †f±i K¨vjKzjvm, MÖvwW‡q›U, WvBfvi‡RÝ, Kvj
 MÖvwW‡q›U 1wU †f±i ivwk hv Aw`K ivwki me©vwaK e„w×i nvi cÖKvk K‡i|
 WvBfvi‡RÝ GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk hv d¬v·, WvBfvR© I døv· Gi cwigvY cÖKvk K‡i| †f±i ivwki WvBfvi‡RÝ k~b¨
  
n‡j †mB †f±i‡K mwjbqWvj e‡j| G‡K . ev div  AvKv‡i cÖKvk Kiv nq|
  
 Kvj© GKwU †f±i ivwk| Kvj© k~b¨ n‡j D³ †f±i‡K AN~Y©bkxj †f±i ejv nq| G‡K   V ev curlV AvKv‡i
  
cÖKvk Kiv nq|   V = 2
 Acv‡iUi n‡”Q GK ai‡bi MvwYwZK wb‡`©k| D`vniY- log, ln, sin, f etc.

1.‡KvbAšÍixKiY‡hvM¨ †f±iA‡cÿ‡KiKvj© n‡”Q dP 
   C. D.dt.d P
A. .V B. .V dt
  
C. V D.   V Soln: C
Soln: D
1
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwUiAšÍiKjb?
2.wb‡Pi †Kvb `ywUAwfbœ? 1− x2
A.AšÍixKiY †hvMRxKiY A. sin–1x B. cos–1x
B.AšÍiKjb-mgvKjb C. tan–1x D. sec–1x
C. eëKjb-mgvKjb Soln: A
D. †hvMRxKiYmgvKjb
Soln: D d
6. (tan x ) = wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
dx
3.wb‡¤œi †KvbwUigva¨‡g A. sin2x B. cos2x
Kvw•LZdjvdjwbLy©Zfv‡ecvIqvhvq? C. cot2x D. sec2x
A.exRMwYZ B.cvwUMwYZ Soln: D
C.K¨vjKzjvm D.R¨vwgwZ
Soln: D 7.emx Gi AšÍiKjbwb‡Pi †KvbwU?
1 mx
 A. emx B. e
4.t mv‡c‡ÿ P Gi AšÍiKmnMwb‡Pi †KvbwU? m
dt  C. memx D. mex
A.  B. dP.dt Soln: C
dP

  
A. P = Pt B. P = P( t )
8.GKwUdvsk‡biDci cÖhy³ n‡qZv‡K Ab¨
P
dvsk‡biƒcvšÍiK‡iwb‡Pi †KvbwU? C. P = Pt D. P =
t
A. B.
Soln: B
C. D.
Soln: A d
15 (1) = KZ?
dx
9.‡Kv‡bv †ÿ‡ÎicÖ‡Z¨K we›`yi mv‡_ hy³
†fŠZ¸‡Yi cÖK…wZn‡e- A. 0 B. 1
A. ïay †¯‹jvi B.ïay †f±i 1
C. D. 2
C. †¯‹jviev †f±i D.†Kv‡bvwUBbq 2
Soln: A
Soln: C
16.Ae¯’v‡bimv‡c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv †¯‹jvi

10.cÖevnx ej we`¨vq wK‡mi f~wgK vjÿ¨ Ki vhvq?
‡ÿ‡Îim‡ev©”PcwieZ©‡bi nvi H †ÿ‡Îi-
A. MÖ¨vwW‡q›U B. WvBfvi‡RÝ A †Wj B MÖvwW‡q›U
C.Kvj© D. me¸‡jv C WvBfvi‡RÝ D
n
Sol : B wWdv‡iwÝ‡qkb
Soln: B

11.Curl F = wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
    
A.  . F B. F .  17. A mwjbqWvjn‡ehLb -
     
C.   F D. F   A CurlA = 0 B divA = 0
 d 
Soln: C C grad A = 0 D A=0
dt
12.wb‡¤œi †Kvb †ÿ‡ÎKvj© Gi f~wgKvAcwimxg?
A.cÖevnx ej we`¨vq Soln: A
B.R¨vwgwZ‡Z
C. N~Y©‡bi ‡ÿ‡Î 18.‡Kv‡bvAšÍixKiY‡hvM¨ †¯‹jviA‡cÿ‡Ki
†MÖwW‡q›Un‡”Q-
D.AwfKl© e‡ji †ÿ‡Î   
A .V B 
Soln: C  
C .V D 
13.K¨vjKzjvmeënv‡i- Soln: B
i) eoMvwYwZKevK¨‡K mswÿßiƒ‡ccÖKvkKivhvq
ii) 19.‡Kvb AšÍixKiY‡hvM¨ †f±I A‡cÿ‡Ki Kvj©
c`v_©weÁv‡biKvw•ÿZdjvdjwbLyuZfv‡ecvIqv m¤¢e bq n‡”Q-
  
iii) c`v_©weÁvb mg„×kvjxn‡q‡Q A .V B .V
wb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?    
CV D  F
A. i I ii B.i I iii
C. ii I iii D.i, ii I iii
n
Soln: D
Sol : B

14.¯^vaxbPjKt Gi cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ P
cwiewZ©Zn‡jwb‡Pi †KvbwUmwVK?

লিমেডকে পাটথ
myPbvt
 c`v_©weÁv‡bi AšÍM©Z †h †Kv‡bv ivwk‡K †fŠZ ivwk (physical quantity) e‡j|
 ag© ev êwkó¨ Abzmv‡i †fŠZ ivwk¸‡jv‡K Avgiv 2fv‡M fvM Ki‡Z cvwi, †hgb-
1) †¯‹jvi ev Aw`K ivwk
2) †f±i ev mw`K ivwk
 †h me †fŠZ ivwki ïay gvb Av‡Q, wKš‘ w`K †bB, Zv‡ì‡K †¯‹jvi ivwk ev Aw`K ivwk e‡j| ‡hgbt ˆ`N¨©, fi,
mgq, RbmsL¨v, ZvcgvÎv, Zvc, ê`¨zwZK wefe, `ªæwZ, KvR BZ¨vw` †¯‹jvi ev Aw`K ivwk|
 †h me †fŠZ ivwki gvb Ges w`K `yB-B Av‡Q, Zv‡ì‡K †f±i ivwk ev w`K ivwk e‡j| ‡hgbt miY, †eM, Z¡iY,
g›`b, ej, IRb BZ¨vw` †f±i ev w`K ivwk|
†f±it
‡f±i ivwk KZ¸‡jv wbqg †g‡b P‡j| h_v-
➢ ‡f±i ivwki gvb I AwfgzL Av‡Q
➢ 2 ev Z‡ZvwaK mgRvZxq †f±i‡K †hvM Kiv hvq| wfbœ cÖK…wZi †f±i‡K ‡hvM Kiv hvq bv|
➢ `ywU †f±‡ii †f±i ¸Ydj GKwU †f±i ivwk nq|
➢ `ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|
➢ ‡f±i ivwk †hvM ms‡hvRb I e›Ub m‚Î( rules of addition and distribution) †g‡b P‡j|
➢ ‡f±i ivwk‡K Dcvsk wef³ Kiv hvq
➢ wÎgvwÎK ¯’vbv¼ eë¯’vq abvZ¥K X, Y Ges Z A‡¶i w`‡K eëüZ h_vµ‡g 𝑖̂, 𝑗̂ Ges 𝑘̂ wPý Øviv AvqZ GKK †f±i
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
†f±i cÖKvkt
‡Kvb GKwU †f±i ivwk †K wPý Øviv `zBfv‡e cÖKvk Kiv n‡q _v‡K| h_v - A¶i Øviv Ges mij‡iLv Øviv|
Avevi A¶i Øviv GKUv †f±i ivwk †K Pvi fv‡e cÖKvk Kiv nq-

 A
 A
 A
 A
ejt
†h evwn¨K KviY e¯‘i MwZ ev w¯’wZ Ae¯’vi cwieZ©b NUvq ev NUv‡Z Pvq Zv‡K ej e‡j|
N~Y©b ej ev UK©t
▪ †Kv‡bv A‡¶i mv‡c‡¶ N~Y©biZ e¯‘i Ici †h we›`y‡Z ej wµqvkxj IB we›`yi Ae¯’vb †f±i I cÖhy³ e‡ji
¸Ydj‡K N~Y©b ej ev UK© e‡j|
▪ U‡K©i GKK N-m
†KŠwYK †eMt
 mgq eëavb k~‡bï KvQvKvwQ n‡j †KŠwYK mi‡Yi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Zvr¶wYK †KŠwYK †eM ev †KŠwYK †eM
(𝜔
⃗ ) e‡j|

†KŠwYK †e‡Mi w`‡K (‡f±i iƒc)t
GKwU Wvb cv‡Ki ¯Œy mvnv‡h¨ Gi w`K wb‡`©k Kiv hvq|

†KŠwYK fi‡eMt
▪ N~Y©biZ †Kv‡bv e¯‘KYvi e¨vmva© †f±i I îwLK fi‡e‡Mi †f±i ¸Ydj‡K †KŠwYK fi‡eM e‡j|
▪ †KŠwYK fi‡eM Gi GKK Kgm2s-1
▪ ‡KŠwYK fi‡eM Gi gvbt
g‡b Kwi, r = N‚Y©b †K‡›`Öi mv‡c‡¶ †Kv‡bv e¯ÍzKYvi e¨vmva© †f±i Ges P = e¯Ízi îwLK fi‡eM| AZGe,
msÁvbzmv‡i
e¯ÍzwUi †KŠwYK fi‡eM,
Zj
• ‡Kvb GKwU c…‡ôi ev mgZ‡ji Dci Awfj¤^ AsKb Ki‡j †hw`K wb‡`©wkZ n‡e ZvB n‡jv IB Z‡ji †f±i|
G‡¶‡Î c…ôvwUB n‡e Zj|
• Z‡e †Kv‡bv e¯Ízi Zj ev c…ô GKUv †¯‹jvi ivwk *
we‡kl †f±it (VVI)
GKK †f±it
• †h †f±i ivwki gvb GK GKK Zv‡K GKK †f±i e‡j|
• ‡hmKj †f±i Gi gvb k‚b¨ bq Giƒc GKwU †f±i‡K Gi gvb Øviv fvM Ki‡j IB †f±‡ii w`‡K ev Gi mgvšÍiv‡j
GKwU GKK †f±i cvIqv hv‡e|
mwVK †f±i
‡h mKj †f±‡ii gvb k‚b¨ bq Zv‡ì‡K mwVK †f±i e‡j| (BmnvK m¨v‡ii eB‡q "bq" Gi RvqMvq "nq" K_vUv
UvBwcs wg‡÷K)
bvj ev k~b¨ †f±it

▪ †h †f±i ivwki gvb k~b¨ Ges hvi †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó w`K _v‡K bv, Zv‡K bvj ev k~b¨ †f±i e‡j|
▪ k‚b¨ †f±‡ii kxl©we›`z I cv`we›`z GKB|
▪ G‡K 0 Øviv m‚wPZ Kiv nq|
▪ `ywU mgvb I wecixZ †f±i †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z GKB mv‡_ wµqv Ki‡j Zv‡ì jweŸ GKwU bvj †f±i nq|
k~b¨ †f±‡ii ¸iæZ¡t
 `zwU mgvb †f±i Gi we‡qvMdj †evSv‡Z k‚b¨ †f±i cÖ‡qvRb |
 `zwU mgvšÍivj †f±‡ii †f±i ¸Ydj cÖKvk Kivi Rb¨ k‚b¨ †f±i cÖ‡qvRb
 mg‡e‡M MwZkxj †Kvb e¯Ízi Z¡iY k‚b¨| mzZivs mg‡e‡M MwZkxj e¯Ízi Z¡iY k‚b¨ †f±i Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
⃗ †f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡j 𝐴 × 𝐵

 𝐴I𝐵 ⃗ = 0 n‡e|
mgvb †f±it
2wU †f±‡ii gvb I w`K GKB n‡j Zv‡ì‡K mgvb †f±i e‡j|
𝐴 ⃗ †f±iØq mgvb †f±i|

GLv‡b 𝐴 I 𝐵
⃗
𝐵
Ae¯’vb †f±it
cÖm½ KvVvgv‡i g~j we›`yi mv‡c‡¶ †Kv‡bv we›`yi Ae¯’vb †h †f±‡ii mvnv‡h¨ wbY©q ev wb‡`©k Kiv nq Zv‡K Ae¯’vb
†f±i e‡j|
e¨vmva© †f±it
g~jwe›`y n‡Z †Kv‡bv we›`yi Ae¯’v‡bi `~iZ¡‡K e¨vmva© †f±i e‡j| G‡K 𝑟 Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
we.`Ö. Ae¯’vb †f±i †K A‡bK mgq e¨vmva© †f±i e‡j Ges G‡K r Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq |
cÖK…Zc‡¶ Ae¯’vb †f±i Ges e¨vmva© †f±i `z‡UvB GKB wRwbm|

AvqZ GKK †f±it
wÎgvwÎK Kv‡Z©mxq ¯’vbvsK eë¯’v wZbwU abvZ¥K A¶ eivei †h wZbwU GKK †f±i we‡ePbv Kiv nq Zv‡ì‡K AvqZ
GKK †f±i ev AvqZ †f±i e‡j|
miY †f±it
▪ îwLK ev mij c‡_ ev wbw`©ó w`‡K †Kv‡bv we›`yi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡‡K miY †f±i e‡j|
▪ Ab¨ K_vq †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Ae¯’vb †f±‡ii cwieZ©b‡K miY †f±i e‡j|
▪ G‡K 𝑟 Øviv m~wPZ Kiv nq|
m`„k †f±it
⃗ hw` GKB w`‡K wµqv K‡i Z‡e Zv‡ì‡K m`„k †f±i e‡j|
mgRvZxq Amg gv‡bi `ywU †f±i 𝐴 I 𝐵
wecÖZxc †f±it
`ywU mgvšÍivj †f±‡ii GKwUi gvb AciwUi wecÖZxc n‡j Zv‡ì‡K wecÖZxc †f±i e‡j|
mg‡iL †f±it

`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i hw` Ggb nq †h Zviv GKB †iLvq ev mgvšÍiv‡j wµqv K‡i, Zv‡ì‡K mg‡iL †f±i e‡j|
mgZjxq †f±it
`yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i GKB Z‡j Ae¯’vb| Ki‡j Zv‡ì‡K mgZjxq †f±i e‡j|
wecixZ ev FY †f±i Ges mg‡f±it
▪ wecixZ w`‡K wµqviZ `ywU mgRvZxq †f±‡ii gvb mgvb n‡j Zv‡ì‡K G‡K Ac‡ii wecixZ ev FY †f±i e‡j|
▪ `zwU mgRvZxq †f±‡ii gvb mgvb I w`K GKB w`‡K n‡j Zv‡ì‡K mg‡f±i e‡j|
‡cvjvi †f±it
 e¯Ízi N‚Y©b Gi m‡½ hz³ bq Ggb †f±i‡K †cvjvi †f±i e‡j hv Zxi wPý hz³ mij‡iLv Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
 GB †iLvi ˆ`N¨© †f±‡ii gvb Ges wPý w`K wb‡`©k K‡i|
 D`vniY- ej, miY, MwZ, †eM cÖf…wZ
A¶xq †f±it
e¯Ízi N‚Y©‡bi m‡½ hz³ †f±i‡K A¶xq †f±i e‡j|
†iLv †f±iwUi ˆ`N¨© ivwki gvb wb‡`©k K‡i Ges w`K ¯Œz wbqg Abzhvqx wbY©q Kiv nq|
D`vniY- †KŠwYK †eM,†KŠwYK Z¡iY, †KŠwYK fi‡eM cÖf…wZ
mxgve× †f±i
 ‡Kvb †f±‡ii cv`we›`z hw` wbw`©ó _v‡K Z‡e Zv‡K mxgve× †f±i e‡j|
 D`vniY- Ae¯’vb †f±i GKwU mxgve× †f±i| KviY, GwU me©`v cÖm½ KvVv‡gvi g‚jwe›`z †_‡K wb‡Z nq|

R¨vwgwZK c×wZ‡Z †f±i ivwki †hv‡Mi m~Î
R¨vwgwZK c×wZ‡Z †f±i ivwki †hvM wbgœwjwLZ cvuPwU m‚‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ Kiv hvq| (VVI) h_v
1)mvaviY m‚Î
2) wÎfzR m‚Î
3) eûfzR m‚Î
4) mvgvšÍwiK m‚Î
5) Dcvsk m‚Î
mvaviY m~Ît
mgRvZxq `ywU †f±‡ii cÖ_gwUi kxl© ev †kl we›`y Ges wØZxqwUi Avw` we›`y GKB we›`y‡Z ¯’vcb K‡i cÖ_g †f±‡ii
Avw` we›`y I wØZxq †f±‡ii kxl©we›`yi g‡a¨ ms‡hvMKvix mij‡iLvi w`‡K jwä †f±‡ii w`K wb‡`©k Ki‡e Ges IB
mij‡iLvi ˆ`N¨© †f±i `ywUi jw×i gvb wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
wÎfzR myÎt
`ywU †f±i †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri mwbœwnZ evû Øviv GKB µ‡g gv‡b I w`‡K m~wPZ Kiv
n‡j wÎfz‡Ri Z…Zxq evûwU wecixZµ‡g †f±i `ywUi jwÜ wb‡`©k Ki‡e|
wm×všÍt GKB we›`y‡Z GKB mg‡q wµqviZ wZbwU mgRvZxq mgZjxq †f±i ivwk‡K †Kv‡bv wÎfz‡Ri wZbwU evû Øviv
GKB µ‡g wb‡`©k Ki‡j G‡ì jw× k~b¨ n‡e|
enfzR myÎt

`yB -Gi AwaK †f±i ivwki †¶‡Î †f±i ivwk¸‡jv‡K GKB µ‡g mvwR‡q cÖ_g
†f±i ivwki cv`we›`y Ges †kl †f±i ivwki kxl©we›`y ‡hvM Ki‡j †h eûfzR cvIqv
hvq Gi †kl evûwU wecixZµ‡g †f±i ivwk¸‡jvi jwäi gvb I w`K wb‡`©k K‡i|
mvgvšÍwiK m~Ît
†Kv‡bv mvgvšÍwi‡Ki GKB we›`y n‡Z Aw¼Z mwbœwnZ evû `ywU hw` †Kv‡bv KYvi Dci
GKB mg‡q wµqviZ `ywU †f±i ivwki gvb I w`K wb‡`©k K‡i, Zv n‡j IB we›`y n‡Z
Aw¼Z mvgvšÍwi‡Ki KY©B G‡ì jwäi gvb I w`K wb‡`©k K‡i|
jwäi jwäi
gvb w`K
†R‡b ivLt (VVI)

 α = 0° n‡j, †f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡e|
 𝛼 = 120° n‡j, `ywU †f±‡ii jweŸ cÖ‡Z¨K †f±‡ii mgvb n‡e|
 𝛼 = 180° n‡j, †f±iØq ci¯ci wecixZ w`‡K wµqv Ki‡e|
 `ywU mgvb †f±iØ‡qi AšÍf©z³ †KvY 90° n‡j Zv‡ì jw× GKwU †f±‡ii gv‡bi √2 ¸Y n‡e|
K‡qKwU we‡kl †¶Ît (VVI)
 `ywU †f±‡ii mwÜi m‡e©v”P gvb n‡jv c = a + b, hLb g~j †f±i `ywU mggywL|
 `ywU †f±‡ii jweŸi me©wb¤œ gvb n‡jv c = a ~ b hLb g~j †f±i `ywU wecixZgywL|
 g~j †f±i `ywU mgvb I wecixZgywL n‡j Zv‡ì jwäi gvb k~b¨ nq|
⃗ †f±iØ‡qi AšÍf©z³ †KvY = 90° n‡j jw× †f±‡ii gvb n‡e, R= √𝐴2 + 𝐵 2
 𝐴 ,𝐵
 Ges we‡qvMd‡ji gvbI n‡e, S= √𝐴2 + 𝐵 2
 *AZGe, R=S =√𝐴2 + 𝐵 2
 2wU †f±‡ii gaëZ©x †KvY = π/2 n‡j †f±i 2wUi †hvMdj I we‡qvMd‡ji gvb mgvb n‡e|
Abyavebg~jK KvRt
1.
2.
3. mzZivs,
𝑣𝑅𝐻 -Gi AwfgyL Djø‡¤î mv‡_ AvbZfv‡e nq ZvB e„wói ga¨ w`‡q Abyf‚wgKfv‡e MwZkxj Mvwoi wbKU e„wó wZh©Kfv‡e
co‡Q e‡j g‡b n‡e| d‡j e„wói ga¨ w`‡q Pjgvb Mvwoi mvg‡bi KvP wcQ‡bi KvP A‡c¶v †ewk †f‡R| GB Kvi‡YB
Mvwoi wiper `Û¸wj Mvwoi mvg‡bi Kv‡P jvMv‡bv nq|
jwäi m‡e©v”P Ges me©wb¤œ gvbt
 `ywU †f±i ivwki jwÜi gvb G‡ì ‡hvMdj A‡c¶v eo n‡Z cv‡i bv|
 `ywU †f±i ivwk hLb GKB mij‡iLv eivei cici wecixZ w`‡K wµqv K‡i ZLb Zv‡ì jwäi gvb me©wb¤œ n‡e
 Ges jwäi me©wb¤œ gvb †f±i ivwk `ywUi we‡qv‡Md‡ji mgvb n‡e|
†f±i †hv‡Mi K‡qKwU myÎt
wewbgq m~Î
𝑃⃗ + 𝑄
⃗ =𝑄
⃗ + 𝑃⃗ | †f±i ivwki ‡hvM wewbgq m~Î †g‡b
P‡j|
ms‡hvRb m~Î
(𝑃⃗ + 𝑄
⃗ ) + 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ + (𝑄
⃗ + 𝑅⃗ )| †f±i ivwki ‡hvM ms‡hvRb
m~Î †g‡b P‡j|
eÈb myÎt
𝑚(𝑃⃗ + 𝑄
⃗ ) = 𝑚 𝑃⃗ + 𝑚𝑄
⃗ | †f±i ivwki †hvM eÈb m~Î †g‡b P‡j|
j¤^vs‡ki mvnv‡h¨ †f±i ivwki †hvRb I we‡qvRbt

GKwU †f±i ivwk‡K `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i ivwk‡Z wef³ Kivi cÖwµqvB n‡jv †f±i ivwki wefvRb ev we‡kølY|
†bŠKvi ¸Y Uvbvt
• Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk 𝐹 cos 𝜃 †bŠKv‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q wb‡q hvq |
• Djø¤^ Dcvsk 𝐹 sin 𝜃 †bŠKvwU‡K cv‡oi w`‡K Uv‡b|
• †bŠKvi nvj Øviv DjyaŸ Dcvsk 𝐹 sin 𝜃 cÖwZnZ Kiv nq|
• ¸Y hZ j¤^v n‡e, 𝜃-Gi gvb ZZ Kg n‡e|
• ¸‡Yi iwk †ewk j¤^v n‡j †bŠKv †ewk `ªæZ Pj‡e|
• we›`y‡Z iwk †eu‡a †mªv‡Zi wecix‡Z Abyf‚wg‡Ki mv‡_ 𝜃 †Kv‡Y †bŠKvwU‡K F e‡j mvg‡bi w`‡K Uvb‡j Ges iwki
ˆ`N¨© OP n‡j –
(i) †bŠKv A‡c¶vK…Z `ªæZ Pj‡e;
(ii) 𝐹 sin 𝜃 Gi gvb Kg n‡j †bŠKv mvg‡bi w`‡K †ewk MwZkxj n‡e;

(iii) OP iwk Øviv Uvb‡j †bŠKvi MwZ OQ iwk Øviv Uvbvi †P‡q Kg n‡e|
jb-‡ivjvi Pvjbvt
 e¯‘i IRb †ewk n‡j Nl©Y ejI †ewk nq|
†Vjvi †¶‡Ît
‡ivjv‡ii ‡gvU IRb nq (𝑊 + 𝑅 sin 𝜃 )|
Uvbvi †¶‡Ît
‡ivjv‡ii IRb nq (𝑊 – 𝐹 sin 𝜃 )|
 jb-‡ivjvi †Vjv A‡c¶v Uvbv mnRZi|
†¯‹jvi ¸Yb ev WU ¸Ybt
 `ywU †f±i ivwki ¸Y‡b ¸Ydj GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk n‡j GB ¸Yb‡K †¯‹jvi ¸Yb e‡j|
 G ¸Y‡bi Aci bvg WU ¸Yb|

we‡kl †¶Ît
 hw` 𝛼 = 0° nq, Z‡e 𝑃⃗. 𝑄

⃗ = 𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠 0° = 𝑃𝑄| G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯c‡ii mgvšÍivj n‡e|
 hw` 𝛼 = 90° nq, Z‡e 𝑃⃗. 𝑄

⃗ = 𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠 90° = 0| G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯ci j¤^ n‡e|
 hw` 𝛼 = 180° nq, Z‡e 𝑃⃗. 𝑄

⃗ = 𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠 180° = −𝑃𝑄| G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯c‡ii mgvšÍivj Ges
wecixZgywL n‡e|
†f±i ¸Yb ev µm ¸Yb:
 `ywU †f±i ivwki ¸Ydj hw` GKwU †f±i ivwk nq, Z‡e IB ¸Yb‡K †f±i ¸Yb ev µm ¸Yb e‡j|
 GB ¸Y‡bi Aci bvg µm ¸Yb|
 †f±i ¸Yd‡ji w`K Dfq †f±‡ii Ici j¤^ eivei wµqvkxj|
 Gi w`K WvbnvwZ ¯Œy wbq‡g wbY©q Kiv nq|
Wvb nvwZ ¯Œy wbqgt
†f±i `ywU †h mgZ‡j Aew¯’Z †mB mgZ‡ji Ici j¤^fv‡e GKwU Wvb nvwZ †K †i‡L cÖ_g †f±i n‡Z wØZxq †f±‡ii
w`‡K ¶z`ªZg †Kv‡Y Nyiv‡j µywU †hw`‡K AMÖmi nq †mB w`KB n‡e 𝑅⃗ Z_v 𝜂 Gi w`K|
†f±i ¸Yd‡ji K‡qKwU ag©t
 †f±i ¸Ydj wewbgq wbqg †g‡b P‡j bv|

⃗ , 𝐶 mgZjxq nevi kZ© n‡jv 𝐴, (𝐵
 𝐴, 𝐵 ⃗ × 𝐶 ) = ⃗0
we‡kl †¶Î :
 hw` α = 0° nq, Z‡e 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ × 𝑄

⃗ = 𝜂̂ 𝑃𝑄 sin 0°G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯c‡ii mgvšÍivj n‡e|
 hw` 𝛼 = 90°, Z‡e 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ × 𝑄

⃗ = 𝜂̂ 𝑃𝑄 sin 90 ° = 𝑃𝑄 G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯ci j¤^ n‡e|
 hw` 𝛼 = 180°, Z‡e 𝑅⃗ = 𝑃⃗ × 𝑄

⃗ = 𝜂̂ 𝑃𝑄 𝑠𝑖𝑛 180° = 0 G‡¶‡Î †f±i `ywU ci¯ci mgvšÍivj Ges
wecixZgywL n‡e|
wm×všÍ :
 mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †¶Îdj `ywU †f±‡ii µm ¸Yd‡ji gv‡bi mgvb|
 wÎfz‡Ri †¶Îdj `ywU †f±‡ii µm ¸Yd‡ji gv‡bi A‡a©‡Ki mgvb|
c`v_©weÁv‡b K¨vjKzjvmt
mgvKj‡bi mvnv‡h¨ KvR Ges †¶Îdj wbY©q Kiv hvq|
†f±i K¨vjKzjvmt
Acv‡iUit
▪ weÁv‡bi fvlvq Acv‡iUi GK ai‡bi cÖZxK ev ms‡KZ|
▪ †h MvwYwZK cÖKvk ev wP‡ýi Øviv GKwU ivwk‡K Ab¨ GKwU ivwk‡Z iƒcvšÍi Kiv hvq ev †Kv‡bv cwieZ©bkxj
ivwki e¨vL¨v †`qv hvq Zv‡K Acv‡iUi e‡j|
†f±i Acv‡iU‡ii eënvit
†f±i wWdv‡ibwkqvj Acv‡iUi 𝛁:
➢ †f±i wWdv‡ibwkqvj Acv‡iUiwU m¨vi n¨vwgjUb cÖ_g Avwe®‹vi K‡ib|
➢ wMem G‡K ‘‡Wj’ bvgKiY K‡ib|
➢ Gi Ab¨ bvg b¨vejv|
➢ †¯‹jvi dvsk‡bi †MÖwW‡q›U, †f±i dvsk‡bi WvBfvi‡RÝ ev †f±i dvsk‡bi Kvj© msÁvwqZ Kivi Rb¨ GB
Acv‡iUiwU eënvi Kiv nq|

†¯‹jvi †¶Î I †f±i †¶Ît
†¯‹jvi †¶Î :
▪ †¶‡Îi mv‡_ mswkøó †fŠZ ¸Y hw` †¯‹jvi nq, Z‡e IB †¶Î‡K †¯‹jvi †¶Î e‡j|
▪ NbZ¡, DòZv, wefe BZ¨vw` †¯‹jvi †¶‡Îi D`vniY|
†f±i †¶Î :
▪ †¶‡Îi mv‡_ mswkøó †fŠZ ¸Y hw` †f±i nq, Z‡e IB †¶Î‡K †f±i †¶Î e‡j|
▪ †eM, Zwor cÖvej¨, gnvKl© cÖvej¨ BZ¨vw` †f±i †¶‡Îi D`vniY|
†¯‹jvi †¶‡Îi †MÖwW‡q›Ut
▪ †MÖwW‡q›U n‡jv GKwU †f±i †¶Î hv Aw`K ivwki me©vwaK e„w×i nvi cÖKvk K‡i|
▪ G‡K †¯‹jvi A‡c¶KI e‡j|
WvBfvi‡RÝt
msÁvt †f±i dvskb ev †¶‡Îi WvBfvi‡RÝ¸‡jv GKwU †¯‹jvi dvskb ev †¶Î hv Øviv †f±i †¶‡Îi †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z
d¬v‡·i cÖK…wZ (ewn: AšÍ:) Rvbv hvq|
WvBfvi‡R‡Ýi †fŠZ ag©t

1. ⃗∇. 𝑉
⃗ ev 𝑑𝑖𝑣. 𝑉
⃗ Øviv GKK mg‡q †Kv‡bv Zij c`v‡_©i Nb‡Z¡i cwieZ©‡bi nvi eySvq|
2. gvb abvZ¥K n‡j, Zij c`v‡_©i AvqZb e„w× cvq; Nb‡Z¡i nªvm N‡U|
3. gvb FYvZ¥K n‡j, AvqZ‡bi ms‡KvPb N‡U; NbZ¡ e„w× cvq|
4. gvb k~b¨ n‡j, AvMZ I wbM©Z d¬v· mgvb nq| †Kv‡bv †f±i †¶‡Îi WvBfvi‡RÝ k~b¨ n‡j A_©vr ⃗∇. ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑉 = 0 n‡j,
IB †f±i †¶Î‡K mwjbqWvj (𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑙) e‡j|
Kvj©t
▪ ⃗ Gi µm ev †f±i ¸Yb Øviv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e N~Y©b A‡¶i w`‡K GKwU †f±i cvIqv hvq| G
Acv‡iUi ∇ Ges 𝑉
RvZxq ¸Yb‡K Kvj© e‡j|
▪ msÁvt †f±i †¶‡Î Aew¯’Z GKwU we›`yi Pviw`‡K Gi jvBb BbwUMÖv‡ji gvb cÖwZ GKK †¶Îd‡j m‡e©v”P n‡j
Zv D³ we›`y‡Z †f±i †¶‡Îi Kvj© cÖKvk K‡i|
Kv‡j©i †fŠZ Zvrch©t
1. Kvj© GKwU †f±i ivwk| Gi gvb IB †f±i †¶‡Î GKK †¶‡Îi Rb¨ me©vwaK †iLv Bw›UMÖv‡ji mgvb|
2. †Kv‡bv †f±i †¶‡Îi Kvj©-Gi bwZgvÎv (𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡) k~b¨|
3. †Kv‡bv †f±‡ii Kvj© k~b¨ n‡j †f±iwU AN~Y©bkxj nq|
eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœi DË‡ii Rb¨ cÖqv‡Rbxq welqvewji mvi-ms‡¶c
1. `ywU †f±i cici 45° †Kv‡Y wµqv Ki‡j G‡ì †Kjvi I †f±i ¸Yd‡ji gvb mgvb nq|
2. `ywU mgvb e‡ji Ges Zv‡ì gaëZ©x †KvY 60° Gi Rb¨ jwÜi eM© n‡e Zv‡ì gv‡bi 3 ¸Y |
3. ⃗∇ × 𝑉
⃗ = 0 n‡jv AN~Yb© kx‡ji kZ©, ⃗∇. 𝑉
⃗ = 0 n‡jv mwjb‡q‡Wi kZ© Ges †Kv‡bv c`v_© AvMZ I wbM©Z d¬v·
mgvb nq| †Kjvi dvskb‡K †f±i ivwk‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i MÖ¨vwW‡q›U|

c`v_©weÁvb †gwW‡Kj fwZ© cix¶vi R‡b¨ Important MvwYwZK mgm¨vejx

mgyn
G Aa¨v‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© MvwYwZK m~Îmg~n:
1. jw× 𝐑 = √𝐏 𝟐 + 𝐐𝟐 + 𝟐𝐏𝐐 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝛂,
𝐐 𝐬𝐢𝐧𝛂
𝐭𝐚𝐧𝛉 = 𝐏+𝐐 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛂
⃗⃗𝐀
2. GKK †f±i 𝐚
̂=
𝐀
̂ (𝐀𝐳 + 𝐁𝐳 )
⃗⃗𝐀 + ⃗⃗𝐁 = 𝐢̂ (𝐀𝐱 + 𝐁𝐱 ) + 𝐣̂(𝐀𝐲 + 𝐁𝐲 ) + 𝐤
3. ⃗⃗𝐀. ⃗⃗𝐁 = 𝐀𝐁𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛉,

⃗⃗𝐀. ⃗⃗𝐁 = 𝐀𝐱 𝐁𝐱 + 𝐀𝐲 𝐁𝐲 + 𝐀𝐳 𝐁𝐳
𝐢̂ 𝐣̂ ̂
𝐤
4. ⃗⃗𝐀 × ⃗⃗𝐁 = 𝐀𝐁 𝐒𝐢𝐧𝛉 𝐚
̂, ⃗⃗𝐀 × ⃗⃗𝐁 = |𝐀𝐱 𝐀𝐲 𝐀𝐳 |
𝐁𝐱 𝐁𝐲 𝐁𝐳
5. ̂
⃗𝐫 = 𝐱𝐢̂ + 𝐲𝐣̂ + 𝐳𝐤
6. 𝐫 = √𝐱 𝟐 + 𝐲 𝟐 + 𝐳 𝟐
⃗⃗𝐀.𝐁
⃗⃗
7. ⃗⃗ Gi Dci 𝐀
𝐁 ⃗⃗ Gi j¤^ Awf‡ÿc =
𝐁
8. 𝐑𝐦𝐚𝐱 = 𝐏 + 𝐐, 𝐑𝐦𝐢𝐧 = 𝐏~𝐐
‡f±i
❑ `ywU mgvb gv‡bi e‡j jwäi gvb †h †Kv‡bv GKwU e‡ji gv‡bi mgvb n‡j ej `ywUi gaëZx© †KvY n‡e- (VVI)
A. 600 B. 900
C. 1200 D. 00 .DËi: C.
e¨vL¨vt `yB e‡ji gaëZx© †KvY wbY©q:
g‡b Kwi, `ywU mgvb e‡ji gvb P Ges `ywU gaëZx© †KvY α |
kZ©vbymv‡i, P 2 = P 2 + P 2 + 2P × Pcosα [mvgvšÍwi‡Ki m~Î Abyhvqx]
 0 − P 2 + P 2 cosα
 2cosα = −1
1
 cos α = − 2
 cos α = cos 1200
 α = 1200
❑ `ywU †f±‡ii †hvM I we‡qvMdj GKB| G‡ì gv‡S †KvY n‡jv-
A. 00 B. 900
C. 1200 D. 600 .DËi: B.
(wb‡R †Póv K‡iv)
❑ 𝟐𝟎 𝐍 Ges 𝟔𝟎𝐍 gv‡bi `ywU †f±i ivwki ga¨Kvi †KvY 𝟑𝟎𝟎 | ivwk `yBwUi jwäi gvb KZ 𝐍 n‡e?
A. 69.77 B. 96.77

C. 77.96 D. 77.69 .DËi: C.
e¨vL¨vt jwä wbY©q
GLv‡b, cÖ_g ivwki gvb, 𝐏 = 𝟐𝟎𝐍
wØZxq ivwki gvb, 𝐐 = 𝟔𝟎𝐍
gaëZx© †KvY, 𝛂 = 𝟑𝟎𝟎
jwäi gvb, 𝐑 =?
Avgiv Rvwb,
𝐑𝟐 = 𝐏 𝟐 + 𝐐𝟐 + 𝟐𝐏𝐐𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛂
= (𝟐𝟎𝐍)𝟐 + (𝟔𝟎𝐍)𝟐 + 𝟐 × 𝟐𝟎𝐍 × 𝟔𝟎𝐍 × 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝟑𝟎𝟎
= [𝟒𝟎𝟎 + 𝟑𝟔𝟎𝟎 + 𝟐 × 𝟐𝟎 × 𝟔𝟎 × 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔𝟔]
 𝐑= √𝟔𝟎𝟕𝟖. 𝟒 𝐍
= 𝟕𝟕. 𝟗𝟔 𝐍
̂ Gi gvb KZ?
❑ 𝟑𝐢̂ − 𝟐𝐣̂ + 𝟓𝐤
A. √6 GKK B. 6 GKK
C. √38 GKK D. 38 GKK .DËi: .
e¨vL¨vt ‡f±‡ii gvb wbY©q:
̂ | = √𝟑𝟐 + (−𝟐)𝟐 + (𝟓)𝟐
|𝟑𝐢̂ − 𝟐𝐣̂ + 𝟓𝐤
= √𝟗 + 𝟒 + 𝟐𝟓
= √𝟑𝟖
❑ evqy DËi w`K I c~e© w`‡Ki ga¨w`‡q cÖevwnZ n‡”Q| †e‡Mi DËi w`‡Ki AskK N›Uvq 𝟓𝐤𝐦 Ges c~e© w`‡Ki AskK
N›Uvq 𝟏𝟐𝐤𝐦| jwä †eM KZ?
A. 17 kmh−1 B. 13km h−1
C. 60 km h−1 D. 7 km h−1 .DËi: B.
e¨vL¨vt jwä †eM wbY©q:
g‡b Kwi jwäi gvb = 𝐑
Avgiv cvB,
𝐑 = √𝐏 𝟐 + 𝐐𝟐 + 𝟐𝐏𝐐 𝐜𝐨𝐬𝛂
𝐑 = √𝟓𝟐 + 𝟏𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐 × 𝟓 × 𝟏𝟐 𝐂𝐨𝐬 𝟗𝟎𝟎
= √𝟐𝟓 + 𝟏𝟒𝟒 + 𝟎
= √𝟏𝟔𝟗 𝐤𝐦𝐡−𝟏
= 𝟏𝟑 𝐤𝐦𝐡−𝟏
❑ 𝟒𝐦𝐬−𝟏 ‡e‡M †`Š‡o hvevi mgq GKRb †jvK 𝟒𝐦𝐬−𝟏 †e‡M j¤^fv‡e cwZZ e„wói m¤§yLxb nj| e„wó n‡Z iÿv
†c‡Z n‡j Zv‡K KZ †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e?
A. 450 B. 100
C. 56.30 D. 900 .DËi: A.
e¨vL¨vt g‡b Kwi, ‡jv‡Ki mv‡c‡ÿ e„wói †eM Djø¤^ w`‡Ki mv‡_ 𝛉 ‡KvY Drcbœ K‡i|

myZivs †jvKwU‡K Djø¤^ w`‡Ki mv‡_ 𝟒𝟓𝟎 †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e|
`„wó AvKl©Y: me mgq †jv‡Ki †eM j¤^ e„wói †eM f~wg|
❑ GKwU e¨w³ 𝟑𝐦𝐬−𝟏 †e‡M †`Šuov‡”Q| e„wó j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e 𝟑𝐦𝐬 −𝟏 †e‡M c‡o‡Q| e„wó †_‡K euvP‡Z n‡j H e¨w³‡K
wb‡¤œi KZ wWMÖx (𝟎 ) †Kv‡Y QvZv ì‡Z n‡e?
A. 60 B. 30
C. 40 D. 45 .DËi: D.
❑ Lvovfv‡e cwZZ e„wói †e‡Mi gv‡bi mgvb †e‡Mi GK e¨w³ mgZj iv¯Ívi Dci w`‡q †`Š‡o Av‡Q| e„wó n‡Z iÿv
‡c‡Z Zv‡K D‡jø‡¤î mv‡_ KZ †Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e?
A. 450 B. 1200
C. 900 D. 600 .DËi: A.
❑ GKwU b`x‡Z †¯ªv‡Zi †eM 𝟓𝐤𝐦𝐡−𝟏 Ges GKwU †bŠKvi †eM * †¯ªv‡Zi mv‡_ KZ wWMÖx †KvY K‡i †bŠKv Pjv‡j
†bŠKvwU Aci cv‡i wVK †mvRvmywR †cuŠQv‡e?
A. 1500 B. 1000
C. 1200 D. 1300 .DËi: C.
e¨vL¨vt aiv hvK, †¯ªv‡Zi †eM u Ges †bŠKvi †eM v Ges †eMØ‡qi gaëZx© †KvY α| b`xwU‡K †mvRvmywR AwZµg
Ki‡Z †bŠKvi jwä †eM R †¯ªv‡Zi †eM μ Gi mv‡_ θ = 900 †KvY ˆZix Ki‡Z n‡e|
mgxKi‡Y gvb ewm‡q cvB,
10 sinα
tan 900 = 5+10 cos α
sin 900 10 sinα
 =
cos 900 5 + 10 cosα
ev, 5 + 10 cosα = 0 [ cos 900 = 0]
ev,10 cosα = −5
1
ev, cosα = − 2
 α = 1200

weKí mnR wbqg:
ABC G
BC 5
sinθ = =
AC 10
1
ev, sinθ = 2
ev, θ = 300
 α = 30 + 90 =
120
❑ wP‡Î 𝐏 we›`y‡Z 𝟏𝟎𝐍 Gi `ywU mgvb ej wµqv Ki‡Q| G‡ì gaëZx †KvY 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝟎 n‡j jwä e‡ji gvb KZ?
A. 5N B. 10 N
C. 17N D. 20 N .DËi: B.
e¨vL¨vt jwä ej wbY©q:
GLv‡b, 1 ej, P = 10 N
2q ej, Q = 10 N
gaëZx© †KvY, α = 1200
jwä e‡ji gvb, R = √P 2 + Q2 + 2PQ cosα
= 102 + 102 + 2.10.10 cos 1200
1
= √100 + 100 + 200 (− 2)
= 100 + 100 − 100
= 10 N
❑ ‡¯ªvZ bv _vK‡j GKRb muvZviæ 𝟒 𝐤𝐦𝐡−𝟏 †e‡M muvZvi KvU‡Z cv‡ib| 𝟐𝐤𝐦𝐡−𝟏 †e‡M mij †iLv eivei
cÖevwnZ GKwU b`xi Gcvi †_‡K Icv‡ii wVK wecixZ we›`y‡Z †h‡Z n‡j muvZviæ‡K †Kvb w`‡K muvZvi KvU‡Z n‡e?
A. 1500 B. 1000
C. 1200 D. 1300 .DËi: C.
̂ Ges 𝐁 = 𝐦𝐢̂ + 𝟐𝐣̂ − 𝟏𝟎𝐤

❑ 𝐀 = 𝟐𝐢̂ + 𝟑𝐣̂ − 𝟓𝐤 ̂ 𝐦 Gi gvb KZ n‡j ‡f±iØq ci¯ú‡ii Dci j¤^ n‡e?
A. 22 B. 2.2
C. 222 D. 50 .DËi: A.
e¨vL¨vt m Gi gvb wbY©q:
⃗A I ⃗B ci¯ú‡ii Dci j¤^ n‡j G‡ì WU ¸Ydj 0 n‡e|
A_©vr ⃗A. ⃗B = AB cos 900 = 0 n‡e|
GLv‡b, ⃗A. ⃗B = 0
wKš‘⃗A. ⃗B = Ax Bx + Ay By + Az Bz
= 2 × m + 3 × 2 + (−5) × 10
= 2m + 6 − 50
myZivs 2m + 6 − 50 = 0
 m = 22

⃗ I ⃗𝐁 Gi gvb h_vµ‡g 𝟓 I 𝟔 GKK| Giv †Kvb we›`y‡Z 𝟔𝟎𝟎 †Kv‡Y wµqvkxj| 𝐀
❑ `ywU †f±i 𝐀 ⃗ × ⃗𝐁 Gi gvb
KZ?
A. 15√2 B. 10√3
C. 15√3 D. 15√5 .DËi: C.
e¨vL¨vt ⃗A × ⃗B Gi gvb wbY©q:
⃗ ×B
|A ⃗ | = AB sin600
√3
=5×6× = 5 × 3 × √3 = 15√3
2
❑ `ywU †f±i 𝐀 I 𝐁 Gi gvb h_vµ‡g 𝟓 I 𝟔 GKK| Giv †Kvb we›`y‡Z 𝟔𝟎𝟎 †Kv‡Y wµqvkxj| 𝐀. 𝐁 = KZ?
A. 15 B. 20
C. 25 D. 30 .DËi: A.
e¨vL¨vt A. B wbY©q:
A = 5, B = 6
1
A. B = AB cos600 = 5 × 6 × 2 = 15
̂ )𝐍 ej cÖ‡qv‡M KYvwUi 𝐫 = (𝟐𝐢̂ + 𝟐𝐣̂ − 𝐤
❑ GKwU 𝐅 = (𝟔𝐢̂ − 𝟑𝐣̂ + 𝟐𝐤 ̂ )𝐦 miY nq| ej KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z
Kv‡Ri cwigvY KZ?
A. 12 B. 4
C. 8 D. 5 .DËi: B .
e¨vL¨vt ej KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbY©q:
Avgiv Rvwb, KvR = ej I mi‡Yi WU ¸Ydj
ev,W = F ⃗ .r
= (6î − 3ĵ + 2k̂). (2î + 2ĵ − k̂)
= 6 × 2 + (−3) × 2 + 2 × 1(−1)
= 12 − 6 − 12
= 4J
̂ Ges ⃗𝐁 = 𝟐𝐢̂ + 𝟐𝐣̂ + 𝐤
⃗ = 𝟔𝐢̂ − 𝟑𝐣̂ + 𝟐𝐤
❑ hw` 𝐀 ̂ nq Z‡e 𝐀
⃗ . ⃗𝐁 Gi gvb KZ?
A. 10 B. 12
C. 8 D. 6 .DËi: C .
e¨vL¨vt ⃗A. ⃗B wbY©q
Avgiv Rvwb,
⃗⃗A. ⃗⃗B = Ax B + Ay By GLv‡b,
+ Az Bz ̂
⃗⃗A = 6î − 3ĵ + 2k
= 6 × 2 + (−3) × ̂
⃗⃗B = 2î + 2ĵ + k
2+2×1 ⃗⃗ . B
A ⃗⃗ =?
= 12 − 6 + 2
=8
̂ ) Ges (𝐢̂ − 𝟐𝐣̂ + 𝟓𝐤
❑ (𝟐𝐢̂ + 𝟑𝐣̂ − 𝟓𝐤 ̂ ) †f±iØ‡qi mv‡_ Kx †f±i †hvM Ki‡j jwä wn‡m‡e 𝐣̂ cvIqv hv‡e
A. 5î − 3k̂ B. 3î − 2k̂

C. 2î − 3k̂ D. −3î + 2k̂ .DËi: D.
e¨vL¨vt aiv hvK, cÖ`Ë †f±iØ‡qi mv‡_ ⃗A †f±i †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
cÖkvœ bymv‡i,
⃗A + (2î + 3ĵ − 5k̂) + (î − 2ĵ + 3k̂) = ĵ
ev ⃗A + 3î + ĵ − 2k̂ = ĵ
ev, ⃗A = −3î + 2k̂
weMZ ‡gwW‡Kj fwZ© cixÿvi e¨vL¨vmn MCQ

mg~n
1. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±‡ii wewbgq m~Î? [‡gwW‡Kj 18-19] K. 15√2 L. 10√3
K. 𝑃(𝑄 + 𝑅) = 𝑃𝑄 + 𝑃𝑅 M. 15√3 N. 15√5
L. 𝑃 + 𝑄 = 𝑄 + 𝑅 DËi : M.
M. (𝑃 + 𝑄) + 𝑅 = 𝑃 + (𝑄 + 𝑅) e¨vL¨vt GLv‡b, |𝐴 × 𝐵| = 𝐴𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
N. 𝑃 + 𝑄 = 𝑃 − 𝑄 √3
= 5 × 6 × 𝑠𝑖𝑛600 = 30 × = 15√3
DËi : L 2
5. ‡¯‹jvi ivwki †ejvq †KvbwU mwVK bq? [‡gW‡Kj 13-
e¨vL¨vt wewbgq m~Î 𝑃 + 𝑄) + 𝑅 = 𝑃 + (𝑄 +
14]
𝑅)
K. †¯‹jvi ivwki †hvM, we‡qvM, ¸Y mvaviY MvwYwZK
e›Ub m~Î (𝑚(𝑃 + 𝑄) + 𝑚𝑃 + 𝑚𝑄
wb‡q‡g Kiv hvq
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±‡ii w`K wb‡`©k bq? [‡gwW‡Kj 17-
L. gv‡bi cwieZ©b n‡j ‡¯‹jvi ivwki cwieZ©b nq
18]
M. `ywU †¯‹jvi ivwki †KvbwUi gvb k~b¨ bv n‡jI G‡ì
K. wecÖZxc †f±i L. k~b¨ †f±i
¸Ydj k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i|
M. mgvb †f±i N. wecixZ †f±i
N. `ywU †¯‹jvi ivwki ¸Ydj GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk
DËi : L
DËi : M.
e¨vL¨vt bxj ev k~b¨ †f±‡ii †ÿ‡Î-
e¨vL¨vt ‡f±i ivwki êwkó¨ t
‡f±i ivwki gvb k~b¨|
1| †f±i ivwki gvb I AwfgyL Av‡Q|
wbw`©ó w`K _v‡K bv|
2| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK mgRvZxq †f±i‡K †hvM Kiv hvq|
k~b¨ †f±‡ii cv`we›`y, kxl©we›`y GKB|
wfbœ cÖK…wZi †f±i ivwk †hvM Kiv hvq bv|
G‡K 𝑂 Øviv cÖKvk Ki nq|
3| `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK †f±i †hvM Ki‡j †h ‡f±i cvIqv
3. ‡Kvb †f±‡ii kxl©we›`y I cv`we›`y GKB n‡j †f±iwU
hvq Zv cª_‡gv³ †f±i MwZi mw¤§wjZ wµqvi
n‡e bx‡Pi †KvbwU? [‡W›Uvj 17-18]
djvd‡ji mgvb|
K. e¨vmva© ‡f±i L. m`„k †f±i
4| `ywU †f±‡ii †f±i ¸Ydj †f±i ivwk|
M. bvj †f±i N. mg‡iL †f±i
5| `ywU †f±‡ii ¸Ydj †¯‹jvi ivwk|
DËi : M.
6| †Kv‡bv †f±i ivwk I Zvi gv‡bi AbycvZ Øviv
e¨vL¨vt
†f±iwUi w`K wb‡`©wkZ nq|
4. `ywU †f±i 𝐴 I 𝐵 Gi gvb h_vµ‡g 5 I 6 GKK|
7| †f±i ivwki †hvM, ms‡hvRb I e›Ub m~Î †g‡b P‡j
G‡ì gaëZx© ‡KvY 600 n‡j 𝐴 × 𝐵 Gi gvb KZ? |
[‡gWwK‡j 13-14] 8| †f±i ivwk‡K Dcvs‡k fvM Kiv hvq|

6. GK e¨w³ m~‡h©v`‡qi w`‡K 12𝑚 hvevi ci wVK DËi 8. GK e¨vw³ 3𝑚𝑠 −1 ‡e‡M ‡`Šov‡”Q| e„wó j¤^vjw¤^fv‡e
w`‡K Nyiv‡jv Ges 5𝑚 ‡Mj| Zvi miY KZ wgUvi? 3𝑚𝑠 −1 ‡e‡M co‡Q| e„wó †_‡K euvP‡Z n‡j H
[‡gwW‡Kj 12-13] e¨w³‡K wb‡¤œ KZ wWMÖx ‡Kv‡Y QvZv ai‡Z n‡e?
K. 17 L. 16.67 [‡W›Uvj 08-09]
M. 17.67 N. 13 K. 60 L. 30
DËi : N. M. 40 N. 45
e¨vL¨vt miY = √122 + 52 DËi : N.
= √144 + 25 = 13. e¨vL¨vt
7. wb‡¤œi ‡KvbwU †¯‹jvi ivwk? [‡gwW‡Kj 09-10] GLv‡b , e¨w³i †eM 𝑄 = 3𝑚𝑠 −1
K. Zwor cÖvej¨ L. Zwor wefe e„wói †eM 𝑃 − 3𝑚𝑠 −1
M. fi‡eM N. ‡eM e„wó I e¨w³i gaëZx© †KvY 𝛼 = 900 , ‡KvY 𝜃 =?
DËi : L. 𝑄𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎 3𝑠𝑖𝑛900
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑃+𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎 = 3+3𝑐𝑜𝑠900 = 1 =
𝑡𝑎𝑛450
NCTB Aby‡gvw`Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© eBmg‡qi Abykxjbxi Important MCQ mg~n

W. Avwgi †nv‡mb Lvb m¨vi
1. ‡Kvb `ywU †f±i ivwk? M. (î × ĵ) × ĵ N. (k̂ × ĵ) × k̂
K. MwZkw³, †eM L. Zwor wefe, Z¡iY DËi : M
M. ‡K›`ªgyLx Z¡iY, ZvcgvÎv 5. `ywU mgvb †f±i †_‡K k~b¨ †f±i †c‡Z n‡j G‡ì
N. Zwor †ÿÎ, ej gaëZx© †KvY n‡e-
DËi : N K. 0 L. 45
2. GKwU jb †ivjvi †Vjv ev Uvbvi mgq Gi nvZ‡j M. 90 N. 180
Abyf‚wg‡Ki mv‡_ 30 ‡Kv‡Y 19.6N ej cÖ‡qvM DËi : N
Ki‡j Gi Uvbv A‡cÿvK…Z mnR nq KviY Gi IRb 6. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi w`K wbw`©ó bq?
ZLb K‡g- K. wecÖfxc ‡f±i L. k~b¨ †f±i
K. 0.5kg L. 1kg M. mgvb †f±i N. wecixZ †f±i
M. 3kg N. 9.8kg DËi : L
DËi : N 7. hw` ⃗C = ⃗D × ⃗B Ges ⃗D = ⃗B × ⃗A nq Zvn‡j ⃗C
3. ⃗A = 2î + ĵ − 3k̂ I ⃗B = 4ĵ − k̂ †f±iØ‡qi Ges ⃗D Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
†ÿjvc ¸Ydj KZ? K. 90 L. 0
K. 3 L. 7 M. 180 N. 45
M. 9 N. 11 DËi : M
DËi : L
8. ⃗A I ⃗B †K mwbœwnZ evû a‡i Aw¼Z wÎfz‡Ri
4. wbPi †KvbwU X − A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj?
†ÿÎdj-
K. (î × ĵ) × î L. (î × ĵ) × k̂ ⃗ .B
⃗ ⃗ ×B
⃗|
K. A L. |A

1 1
⃗ × ⃗B|
M. 2 |A ⃗ . ⃗B)
N. 2 (A M. ⃗A = ⃗A N. ⃗A= −B
⃗
DËi : M DËi : L
9. A, X A‡ÿi mv‡_ 30 †Kv‡Y wµqvkxj| Y Aÿ 17. 50ms−1 †eM †f±‡ii `ywU j¤^ Dcvs‡ki GKwUi
eivei Dcvs‡ki gvb 3 GKK n‡j X Aÿ eivei gvb 30ms −1 Aci DcvskwU KZ?
Dcvs‡ki gvb - K. 15 ms −1 L. 20 ms −1
1
K. 2 GKK L. 3 GKK M. 30 ms −1 N. 40ms −1
DËi : N
M. 3√3 GKK N. 6 GKK
⃗ = 5î + 2ĵ − 3k ̂ GKB ej †f±iwUi XZ
18. F
DËi : M
Z‡j gvb KZ GKK?
10. ⃗A I ⃗B Gi jw×i m‡e©v”P gvb †KvbwU?
K. √13 L. √29
K. A × B L. A − B
M. A + B N. A × B M. √37 N. √38
DËi : M DËi : M
⃗ = 4î + 2ĵ Gi Dci j¤^?
11. ‡Kvb †f±iwU P 19. ⃗A = î, ⃗B = ĵ + k ̂ n‡j ⃗A I ⃗B Gi gaëZx©
†KvY KZ?
K. 3î + 4ĵ L. 6î
K. 0 L. 45
M. 5k̂ N. 4ĵ
M. 90 N. 180
DËi : M
DËi : K
12. †Kv‡bv †f±‡ii kxl©we›`y I cv`we›`y GKB n‡j
†f±iwU n‡e- ⃗ IB
20. A ⃗ Gi GKK †f±i â Gi gaëZx© †KvY -
K. ¯^vaxb †f±i L. wecixZ †f±i K. 0 L. 45
M. mg‡iL †f±i N. bvj †f±i M. 90 N. 180
DËi : N DËi : K
13. A ⃗ = 2î + k̂, A
⃗ = î, B ⃗ I B⃗ †f±‡ii gaëZx© 21. ⃗A. ⃗B = 0 n‡j eySv hvq -
†KvY- K. ⃗A = 0 L. ⃗B = 0
K. 25.12 L. 26.57 M. ⃗A I ⃗B G‡K Ac‡ii Dci jk^
M. 90.67 N. 180.25 N. ⃗A I ⃗B ci¯úi mgvšÍivj DËi : M
DËi : M 22. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †¯‹jvi ivwk?
⃗ × ⃗B| = ⃗A. ⃗B n‡j G‡ì gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
14. |A K. e‡ji åvgK L. †KŠwYK fi‡eM
π π
K. 4 L. M. †K›`ªgyLx ej N. RoZvi åvgK
2
M. π 4
π
N. 2π DËi : N
23. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †¯‹jvi ivwk?
DËi : K
K. ‡KŠwYK Z¡iY L. e‡ji åvgK
15. ‡¯‹jvi dvskb‡K †f±i ivwk‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i-
M. RoZvi åvgK N. †KŠwYK fi‡eM
K. µm ¸Yb L. WU ¸Yb
DËi : M
M. †MÖwW‡q›U N. WvBfvi‡RÝ
24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±i ivwk?
DËi : L
K. cxob L. weK…wZ
16. ⃗A + ⃗B = ⃗A − ⃗B m¤úK©wU †Kvb k‡Z© mwVK?
M. mv›`ªZv N. c„ô kw³
K. ⃗A = 0 L. ⃗B = 0 DËi : K

25. `~wU mgvb †f±i †_‡K g~b¨ †f±i †c‡Z G‡ì 33. ⃗A − ⃗B − ⃗C Ges A − B = C n‡j ⃗A Ges ⃗B
gaëZx© †KvY n‡e? †f±i `ywUi gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
K. 0 L. 45 K. 0 L. 30
M. 90 N. 180 M. 60 N. 90
DËi : N DËi : K
26. GKwU †f±i‡K m‡e©v”P KqwU Dcvs‡k fvM Kiv hvq? ⃗ = (−3î + 20ĵ + 8k̂ N) ej GKwU e¯‘i
34. F
K. `ywU L. wZbwU
Ici wµqv Ki‡j Y Aÿ eivei 8m miY N‡U| K…Z
M. QqwU N. AmsL¨
KvR KZ?
DËi : N
K. 200J L. 160J
27. `ywU †f±‡ii jw×i gvb m‡e©v”P n‡e hLb G‡ì
M. 240J N. 64J
gaëZx© †KvY
DËi : L
K. 0 L. 45
35. 2î + 3ĵ †f±iwU X A‡ÿi mv‡_ KZ †Kv‡Y AvbZ?
M. 90 N. 180 3 2
DËi : K K. tan−1 2 L. cos −1
√13
2 𝟐
28. `ywU ‡f±i ivwki †¯‹ji ¸Ydj 18 GKK Ges †f±i M. sin−1 N. cos−1
3 𝟑
¸Yd‡ji gvb 6√3 ¸Yb GKK| †f±i `ywUi DËi : L
gaëZx© †KvY KZ? 36. `ywU GKK †f±‡ii mgwó GKwU GKK †f±i| G‡ì
K. 30% L. 60% we‡qvMdj KZ?
M. 90% N. 120% K. √2 L. √3
DËi : K M. √4 N. √7
29. î Ges ĵ †h Z‡j Aew¯’Z †mB Z‡ji Dci j¤^ GKK DËi : L
†f±i n‡jv
37. ⃗C = ⃗A − ⃗B †f±iwUi gvb (A + B)| ⃗A Ges ⃗B
K. (ĵ × k̂) L. (î × ĵ) †f±i `ywUi gaëZx© †KvY-
M. (k̂ × î) N. (î × k̂) π
K. 0 L. 2
DËi : L
M. π N. 2π
30. `ywU †f±‡ii ·m ¸Y‡Ki gvb G‡ì ¸Y‡Ki mgvb|
DËi : M
†f±i `ywUi gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
2
K. 30 L. 45 38. (a⃗. ⃗b) = a2 b2 n‡j ⃗a n‡j ⃗b †f±i `ywUi
M. 60 N. 90 gaëZx© †Kvb KZ?
DËi : L K. 90 L. 60
⃗ +B
31. |A ⃗ | = |A
⃗ −B ⃗ | n‡j A
⃗ Ges B⃗ ‡f±i `ywUi M. 45 N. 0
gaëZx© †KvY KZ? DËi : N
K. 90 L. 60 39. GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki `ywU mwbœwnZ evû ⃗A = î + ĵ +
M. 0 N. 45 3k̂ Ges ⃗B = 3î − 2ĵ + k̂ †f±i Øviv cÖKvi
DËi : K Kiv hvq| GB mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †ÿÎdj KZ?
32. î + ĵ Ges ĵ + k̂ †f±i `ywUi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ? K. 2√3 L. 4√3
K. 30 L. 45 M. 6√3 N. 8√3
M. 60 N. 90 DËi : N
DËi : M

40. XY mgZ‡j 3î + 5ĵ + 4k̂ †f±‡ii ˆ`N©¨ KZ M. A N. 2A
GKK? DËi : K
K. 5 L. √34 49. YZ mgZ‡j 5î + 3ĵ + 4k̂ †f±‡ii ˆ`N©¨ KZ
M. √41 N. 12 GKK?
DËi : L K. √25 L. √34
2
41. |⃗A × ⃗B| = wb‡Pi †KvbwU? M. √41 N. √50
K. A2 B2 − (A. B)2 L. A2 B2 − 2A. B DËi : K
M. A2 B2 − 2ABsinθ N. A2 B2 − 50. (⃗A + ⃗A) I (⃗A − ⃗A) †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j
2AB cosθ -m
DËi : K K. A = 2B L. A = B
42. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi w`K wbw`©ó bq? M. 2A = B N. A = 3B
K. k~b¨ †f±i L. mgvb †f±i DËi : L
M. wecixZ †f±i N. wecÖZxc †f±i ⃗⃗ †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j (⃗P × ⃗Q) ×
⃗ I Q
51. P
DËi : K ⃗ −Q⃗ )=?
(P
43. e¨vmva© †f±i I cÖhy³ e‡ji †f±i ¸Yb‡K e‡j?
K. (⃗P + ⃗Q) L. −2(⃗Q × ⃗P)
K. RoZvi åvgK L. UK©
M. †KŠwbK fi‡fM N. PµMwZi e¨vmva© ⃗⃗ × P
M. Q ⃗ N. 2(⃗Q × ⃗P)
DËi : L DËi : N
44. ⃗P I ⃗⃗Q †f±iØq j¤^ nIqvi kZ© †KvbwU? 52. GKwU KYvi Dci ⃗F = (2î + 2ĵ + k̂)N ej
K. ⃗P. ⃗⃗Q = 0 L. ⃗P. ⃗Q = 1 cÖ‡qv‡M KYvwUi miY r = (6î − 3ĵ − 2k̂)m

nq| cÖ‡qvMK…Z ej KZ…©K m¤úvw`Z Kv‡Ri cwigvY
M. ⃗P × ⃗⃗Q = ⃗0 N. ⃗P × ⃗⃗Q = ⃗1
n‡e-
DËi : K
K. 20 L. 4
⃗ = (px + y)î + (y − 2z) ĵ + (x +
45. A
M. (8î − ĵ − k̂) N. (−4î + 5ĵ +
3z)k ̂ †f±iwU mwjb‡qWvj n‡e hw` P =? 3k̂)
K. 2 L. 4
DËi : L
M. 3 N. −4
⃗ IB
53. A ⃗ Gi wecixZ †f±‡ii jw×i gvb-
DËi : N
K. 0 L. 1
46. (î × k̂) × (j × k̂) = ?
M. A N. 2A
K. 0̂ L. ŝ
DËi : L
M. î N. k̂ 54. ‡KvbwU †¯‹jvi ivwk?
DËi : N K. MÖvwW‡q›U L. WvBfvi‡RÝ
47. Y − A‡ÿi mv‡_ r = 4î − 4k̂ †f±‡ii Drcbœ M. Kvj© N. miY
†KvY n‡e - DËi : L
K. 0 L. 45 55. ⃗P + ⃗Q = ⃗P − ⃗Q n‡j
M. 90 N. 180
K. ⃗P I ⃗Q ci¯úi mgvšÍivj
DËi : M
L. ⃗P I ⃗⃗Q ci¯úi j¤^
48. ⃗A I ⃗A Gi wecixZ †f±‡ii jw×i gvb
K. 0 L. 1 ⃗ =0
M. P ⃗ =0
N. Q

DËi : N K. A = 2B L. 2A = B
56. (⃗A + ⃗B) I (⃗A − ⃗B) †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j M. A = B N. A = 3B
DËi : M
kvnRvnvb Zcb m¨vb
1. hw` A ⃗ = −B ⃗ nq, Z‡e A
⃗ ×B⃗ Gi gvb n‡e- 9. A ⃗ = 3î − 4ĵ + 2k̂ Ges B ⃗ = 6î + 2ĵ − 3k̂
K. −A2 L. 1 n‡j A ⃗ ×B ⃗ Gi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
2
M. −B N. 0 K. 18î + 21ĵ + 30k̂
DËi : N L. 8î + 21ĵ + 18k̂
̂
2. ĵ × (ĵ × k) = KZ? M. 8î + 3ĵ + 30k̂
K. −k̂ L. 0 N. 8î + 21ĵ + 30k̂
M. k̂ N. î DËi : N
DËi : K
10. m − Gi gvb KZ n‡j ⃗P = 4î + mĵ Ges
3. (ĵ + k̂) × k̂) KZ?
⃗Q0 8î − 4ĵ + 9k̂ ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e?
K. l L. î
K. 8 L. 6
M. ĵ N. k̂
M. 4 N. −4
DËi : L DËi : K
4. ‡¯‹jvi ¸Y‡Ki D`vniY-
11. m Gi gvb KZ n‡j ⃗P = 4î + mĵ Ges ⃗⃗Q =
K. KvR L. ej
M. UK© N. †KŠwYK fi‡eM 8î − 4ĵ + 9k̂ ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e?
DËi : K K. 8 L. 6
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GKK †f±i wb‡`©k K‡i? M. 4 N. −4
A A̅ DËi : K
K. a = ⃗⃗ L. a = A̅
A
̅ ̅
12. ‡f±i ⃗V KLb mwjb‡qW n‡e?
A A
M. a = A2 N. a = A
K. ⃗∇. ⃗V = 0 L. ⃗∇ × ⃗V = 0
DËi : N
M. ⃗∇⃗V = 0 N. ⃗∇. ⃗V ≠ 0
6. A⃗ IB ⃗ ci¯úi mgvšÍivj nq ZLb DËi : K
K. ⃗A. ⃗B = 1 L. ⃗A × ⃗B = 0 13. ⃗A †f±‡ii w`‡K GKK †f±i â n‡j â = KZ?
M. ⃗A. ⃗B = 0 N. |A ⃗ | × |⃗B| = 1 K. ⃗A L. A
DËi : L
M. A⃗⃗ N. 1
7. mggv‡bi `ywU †f±‡ii jw×i gvb †h †Kv‡bv GKwU A
wf±‡ii mgvb| †f±i `ywUi gaëZx© †KvY KZ? DËi : M
K. 30 L. 60 14. `ywU †f±i A ⃗ IB⃗ ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j A⃗ .B⃗ Gi gvb KZ?
M. 120 N. 90 K. 0 L. A + B
DËi : M M. AB N. 1
8. hw` r = xî + yĵ + 2k̂ nq Z‡e ⃗∇. r KZ? DËi : K
K. 1 L. 2 15. W = F ⃗ . s hLb ⃗F I s k~b¨ bq wKš‘W = 0 GB
M. 3 N. 4 mgxKib n‡Z Avgiv cvB
DËi : N K. ⃗F I s w`K GKB L. ⃗F I s Gi w`K
wecixZ

M. ⃗F I s cvi¯úwiK j¤^ M. 7k̂ N. 36î + 3ĵ
N. F > 𝑠 DËi : M
DËi : M 17. ⃗A = −B⃗ n‡j ⃗A × ⃗B Gi gvb n‡e
2
16. GKwU ej F⃗ 1 = (4î − 3ĵ) Ges Aci GKwU ej K. −A L. 0
⃗ 2 hw`| Gi Dci j¤^ nq Z‡e F
F ⃗1? M. −B2 N. 1
K. 4î − 3ĵ L. 6î DËi : L
W. Zdv¾j †nv‡mb m¨vi
⃗ ej‡K Fh I Fv `ywU ci¯úi j¤^ -Dcvs‡k wPÎ
1. F M. bvj †f±i N. KLIi †¯‹jvi KLbI
Abyhvqx wefvRb Kiv nq| †Kvb DËiwU mwVK bq - †f±i
K. θ Kg‡j Fh ev‡o L. θ evo‡j Fv ev‡o DËi : K
8. KZ †Kv‡Y wµqv Ki‡j 2wU †f±i jw× m‡e©v”P nq?
M. Fh I Fv Gi †hvMdj ⃗F Gi gv‡bi mgvb
K. 0 L. 180
N. Fh I Fv Gi †hvMdj ⃗F Gi gvb nZ eo
M. 90 N. 180
DËi :
DËi : K
2. î × k̂ =?
9. (A⃗ −B ⃗ ) Gi m‡e©v”P gvb KZ?
K. ĵ L. 0
K. A − B L. A
M. 1 N. − ĵ
DËi : N M. A + B N. √𝐀𝟐 + 𝐁 𝟐
3. ‡f±i‡K †f±i Øviv ¸Y Ki‡j ¸Ydj n‡e-? DËi : N
K. †¯‹jvi L. †f±i 10. F1 I F2 ej 1wU e¯‘i 1wU we›`y‡Z j¤^fv‡e wµqv
M. KLbI †¯‹jvi, KLbI †f±i Ki‡Q, G‡ì jw× ej n‡e
N. ayªeK K. F1 + F2 L. F1 − F2
DËi : M M. √𝐹12 + 𝐹22 N. √𝐹12 − 𝐹22
4. hw` ⃗A × ⃗B ci¯úi j¤^ n‡j ⃗A. ⃗B Gi gvb KZ? DËi : M
K. ïay ⃗A Gi mv‡_ j¤^ 11. ci¯úi mgvšÍivj ⃗A I ⃗B †hvM Kiv n‡j, jw× n‡e?
L. ïay ⃗B Gi mv‡_ j¤^ K. ⃗A Gi wØ-¸Y L. ⃗B Gi wØ- ¸Y
M. ïay ⃗B Gi mv‡_ mgvšÍivj M. ⃗A Gi mgvšÍivj N. ⃗A Gi wecixZ
N. ⃗A I ⃗B Df‡qi mv‡_ j¤^ DËi : M
DËi : N 12. GKB mgZ‡j wfbœ gvb m¤úbœ me©wb¤œ KqwU †f±‡ii
†hvMdj g~b¨ n‡e?
5. ⃗A = 3k̂ − 6ĵ + 2k̂, ⃗A − Gi gvb KZ?
K. 2 L. 3
K. 5 L. 9
M. 4 N. 5
M. 7 N. 25 DËi : M
DËi : L
6. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±i ivwk?
13. F gv‡bi 2wU e‡ji jw× gvb hw` GKB we›`y‡Z wµqv
K. ê`y¨wZK cÖvej¨ L. ê`y¨wZK wefe
K‡i hvq gvbI F Zvn‡j ej `ywUi g‡a¨ we`¨vgvb †KvY
M. ¯^Y©cvZ aviK hš¿ N. N~Y©vqgvb e¯‘i wbw`©ó
KZ?
g~n‡Z©
DËi : K K. 0 L. 60
7. AvqZb GKwU M. 90 N. 120
K. †¯‹jvi ivwk L. †f±i ivwk DËi : N

14. 1wU KYv 5 m/s †e‡M c~e© w`‡K Pj‡Q| 10 s ci 45
M. 16J N. √(13) J
KYvwU 5 m/s †e‡M DËi w`‡K hvÎv ïiæ Kij|
KYvwUi Mo Z¡iY KZ? DËi : L
K. 0 L.
1
𝑚𝑠/𝑠 2 19. (10î − 3ĵ + 6k̂) N ejwU 5kg f‡ii †Kvb e¯‘i
√2
1 2
Dci KvR K‡i e¯‘wU‡K (6î − 5ĵ + 3k̂) Ae¯’vb
M. 𝑚𝑠/𝑠 N. √2 ms/s2
√2 n‡Z (10î − 2ĵ + 7k̂) Ae¯’v‡b wb‡q hvq|
DËi : M K…ZKv‡Ri gvb KZ n‡e?
15. `yBwU Ak~b¨ †f±‡ii mgxKiY |⃗A + ⃗B| = |A
⃗ − ⃗B| K. 148J L. 121J
G‡ì g‡a¨Kvi †KvY KZ? M. 100J N. 0
K. 0 L. 45 DËi : L
M. 90 N. 180 20. ⃗P = −Q ⃗ n‡j ⃗P I ⃗⃗Q Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ n‡e
DËi : M
K. 0 L. 90
16. hw` ⃗A × ⃗B = ⃗B × ⃗A Z‡e G‡ì gaëZx© †KvY? M. 120 N. 180
π
K. π L. 2 DËi : N
π π
M. 3 N. 4 21. ⃗P = −B ⃗ = 1 |⃗A × ⃗B| n‡j ⃗A I ⃗B Gi gaëZx©
√3
DËi : K †KvY n‡e
17. GKwU ej (3î − 2ĵ)N †Kvb GKwU e¯‘i Dci wµqv K. 0 L. 30
K‡i (2ĵ − 3ĵ) m miY ˆZwi K‡i| K…ZKv‡Ri gvb M. 60 N. 90
KZ n‡e? DËi : M
K. 0J L. 5J 22. ⃗A. ⃗B = |⃗A × ⃗B| n‡j ⃗A I ⃗B Gi gaëZx© †KvY n‡e
M. 12J N. 13J K. 0 L. 45
DËi : K M. 90 N. 180
18. ⃗F = (2î − 4ĵ + 5k̂)N ej †Kvb e¯‘i Dci DËi : L
cÖhy³ n‡q s = (3î − 2ĵ + k̂)m miY m„wó Ki‡j 23. AvqZ GKK †f±i î I k̂ Gi gaëZx© †KvY KZ?
K…ZKvR KZ n‡e? K. 0 L. 90
K. √(45 × 13)𝐽 L. 19J M. 120 N. 180
DËi : L
PRACTICE PROBLEM
 
➢ `ywU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj 18 Ges †f±i ¸Yd‡ji gvb • a Gi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ †f±i A I B mgvšÍivj

6 3 | †f±iØ‡qi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ ? n‡e †hLv‡b A = 5î + 2 ĵ − 3k̂ I
A. 20 B. 25 C. 30 D. 40 
B = aî + 4 ĵ − 6k̂ :
• ‡Kvb we›`y‡Z wµqviZ `ywU e‡ji GKwU AciwUi wØ¸b
Ges jwä ¶z`ªwUi Dci j¤^| ejØ‡qi AšÍM©Z †Kv‡Yi A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 10
cwigvY:
• GKwU e¯‘i Ae¯’vb †f±i
A. 45 B. 150 C. 120 D.
†hLv‡b t n‡”Q
135
†m‡KÛ| t = 0 mg‡q e¯‘wUi †e‡Mi gvb:
A. 5 GKK B. 12 GKK


C. 10 GKK D. 14 GKK • ‡Kvb †f±iwU A = 4î + 3 ĵ Gi Dci j¤^?
 
• A = 2î + 3 ĵ − 5k̂ Ges B = mî + 2 ĵ + 10 k̂ n‡j
K 4î + 3ˆj L 6 î
m-Gi wK gv‡bi Rb¨ †f±iØq ci¯ú‡ii Dci j¤^
n‡e? M 7k̂ N 3ˆj
A. 22 B. 20 C. 18 D. 25 • ‡KŠwYK fi‡e‡Mi w`K n‡”Q-
• 3N Ges 5N gv‡bi `ywU ej ci¯úi j¤^w`‡K GK    
we›`y‡Z wµqv K‡i| Zv‡ì jwäi gvb KZ? K r  P Gi w`‡K L P  r Gi w`‡K
 
A. 34 N B. 8 N C. 86 N D. M r .P Gi w`‡K N P.r Gi w`‡K
15 N • `ywU mgvb e‡ji jwäi eM© Zv‡ì ¸Yd‡ji 3 ¸Y|
• A = 3i − k Ges B = i + 2 j GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki Zv‡ì gaëZx© †KvY n‡e -
`yÕwU mwbœwnZ evû nq, Z‡e mvgvšÍwiKwUi †¶Îdj K 0 L 30
KZ? M 60 N 120
1 1 1
A. 7 B. 17 C. 41 D. d
2 2 2 • (1) = KZ?
dx
41
K0L1
• `ywU e‡ji jwäi gvb 4N| ej `ywUi g‡a¨ †QvUwUi
gvb 3N Ges GwU jwä e‡ji j‡¤î eivei wµqv 1
M N2
K‡i| eo ejwUi gvb KZ? 2
K 3N L 4N • Ae¯’v‡bi mv‡c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv †¯‹jvi ‡ÿ‡Îi m‡ev©”P
cwieZ©‡bi nvi H †ÿ‡Îi-
M 5N N 7N
  K †Wj L MÖvwW‡q›U
• A  B Gi Awfgy‡L GKK †f±i ‡KvbwU?
    M WvBfvi‡RÝ N wWdv‡iwÝ‡qkb
AB AB 
K n̂ =   L n̂ =   • ‡Kvb †f±iwU A = 4î + 3 ĵ Gi Dci j¤^?
B A AB
    K 6 î L 3ˆj M 7 k̂ N 4î − 3 ĵ
AB AB 
M n̂ =   N n̂ =   • A mwjbqWvj n‡e hLb -
AB AB  
K CurlA = 0 L divA = 0
 
• hw` A I B †f±iØq GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki `yB  d 
M grad A = 0 N A=0
mwbœwnZ evû wb‡`©k K‡i Z‡e mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †ÿÎdj dt
n‡e-
• GKwU †f±i‡K m‡ev©”P KtqwU Dcvs‡k fvM Kiv hvq?
   
K A.B L AB K `ywU L wZbwU M QqwU
  N AmsL¨
AB  
M   N Dc‡ii †KvbwU • A I B †f±i `ywUi gvb Ggb †h,
AB    
A + B = A − B †f±iØ‡qi gaëZx© †KvY
bq
KZ?
• GKwU we›`yi ¯’vbvsK (2, 3,1) n‡j we›`ywUi Ae¯’vb
w`K ivwki gvb n‡e- K 30 L 45
K 19 L 15 M 60 N 90
• 5 GKK I 10 GKK †f±i gv‡bi `ywU ‡f±‡ii jwä
M 14 N 10 wb‡Pi †KvbwU n‡Z cv‡i bv?

K 5 GKK L 12 GKK M 15 A. opposite shore
GKK N 20 GKK B. somewhat upstream
• `ywU mgvb gv‡bi e‡ji jwäi gvb †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU C. somewhat
e‡ji gv‡bi mgvb n‡j ej `ywUi gaëZx© †KvY n‡e- downstream D. None
• ‡f±i wefvR‡bi `„óvšÍ †KvbwU?
K 60 L 90
A. ¸YUvbv †bŠKvi MwZ
M 120 N 0
B. cvwLi DÇqb
• ‡Kvb †bŠKv‡K Abyf~wg‡Ki mv‡_  †KvY Drcbœ K‡i C. PjšÍ Mvwo‡Z cošÍ
F ej Øviv ¸Y Uvbv n‡j Abyf~wgK Dcvs‡ki gvb
e„wó D. Mvwoi MwZ
KZ?   
• K (i × j ) Gi gvb KZ?
K F tan L F sin
M F cos N F cot A. 2 B. 4
C.0 D. 6 E. 1
• evqy DËi w`‡K I c~e© w`‡Ki ga¨ w`‡q cÖevwnZ
n‡”Q| evqyi †e‡Mi DËi w`‡Ki AskK 5 km/hr
• bvj †f±‡ii Aci bvg Kx?
Ges c~e© w`‡Ki AskK 12 km/hr| jwä‡eM KZ ?
A. 17 hm/hr B. 13
km/hr C. 60 km/hr D. 7
km/hr
  
• hw` p− = 4 i − 4 j + k Ges †f±iØq GKwU (A) we›`y †f±i (B) k~b¨ †f±i
mvgvšÍwi‡Ki `yBwU mwbœwnZ evû wb‡`©k K‡i Z‡e
Dnvi †¶Îdj n‡eÑ
(C) mxgve× †f±i (D)mgvšÍivj
A. 32 sq. unit B. 81 sq. unit • Zj ev Z‡ji †ÿÎdj-
C. 72 sq. unit D. 98 sq. unit (A) †¯‹jvi ivwk (B) Aw`K ivwk
E. 50 sq. unit
• †mªv‡Zi †e‡Mi gv‡bi 2 ¸Y gv‡bi †e‡M mvuZvi (C) †f±i ivwk (D) †gŠwjK ivwk
†K‡U GKRb mvuZviæ b`xi Aci cv‡o †mvRvmywR
wM‡q †cŠuQj| b`xi Zx‡ii mv‡_ mvuZviæi †e‡Mi bwZ
wbY©q Ki|
A. 120 B. 130 C. 135 D. 65
• ejwe`¨vi wewfbœ †gŠwjK †fŠZ ivwkmg~n n‡jv-
A. fi, ej Ges mgq
B. fi, ˆ`N©¨ Ges mgq
C. ej, kw³ Ges mgq
D. ej, fi Ges mgq
( ) ( )
     
• A + B + C = A + B + C GwU †f±i-
A. wewbgq m~Î
B. ms‡hvM m~Î
C. eÈb m~Î
D. †Kv‡bvwUB bq
• GKwU Li‡¯ªvZv b`x me‡P‡q Kg mg‡q cvi n‡Z
GKwU †bŠKvi †Kvb w`‡K hvIqv DwPZ?

ইমিমিয়ামরিং পাটথ
`ywU †f±‡ii jwä wbY©q :
j¤^ †e‡M wµqvkxj e‡ji †ÿ‡Î Avgiv mivmwi wc_v‡Mviv‡mi m~Î eënvi Ki‡Z cvwi| A_©vr
P + 𝑄2 = 𝑅2
2
Abyiæcfv‡e jwä cÖ_g e‡ji mv‡_ θ †Kv‡Y AvbZ e‡ji Dcvs‡ki m~Î eënvi K‡i gvb †ei Ki‡Z
cvwi|
P = Rcosθ I Q = Rsin θ
Avmjjwäi m~Î R = √𝑃2 + 𝑄2 + 2𝑃𝑄𝛼 GLv‡b, α gaëZ©x †KvY 90
1.ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ j¤^fv‡e wµqvkxj `yBwU e‡ji jwä 80N| hw` jwä †KwU e‡ji m‡½ 60 †Kv‡Y
Avb‡Z _v‡K, Z‡e ej `yBwUi gvb wbY©q Ki| [RUET 17 − 18]
mgvavb: GLb Rcos60 = Pcos0 + Qcos90
 P = 80cos60 = 40N (Ans. )
Avevi, R sin60 = Psin0 + Qsin90

 Q = 80 sin60 = 40√3𝑁 (𝐴𝑛𝑠. )
2. ⃗A I B ⃗ +B
⃗ †f±i `ywU Ggb †h, |A ⃗ −B
⃗ | = |A ⃗ || †f±iØ‡qi ga¨Kvi †KvY wbY©q Ki|
[BUTex 02 − 03]
⃗ +B
mgvavb: |A ⃗ −B
⃗ | = |A ⃗|
A2 + B 2 + 2AB cosθ = A2 + B 2 + 2AB cos(180 − θ)
A2 + B 2 + 2AB cosθ = A2 + B 2 − 2AB cosθ
4AB cosθ = 0 cosθ = 0θ = cos −1 0 = 90
A⃗ ∧B ⃗ = 90 (Ans. )
b`x I †mªvZ mgm¨v :

‡¯ªv‡Zi †eM u, †bŠKvi †eM v n‡j hw` Aci cv‡i †mvRvmywR †cŠQv‡Z nq †bŠKvi Z‡e †bŠKv Pvjv‡bvi
𝑢
†KvY α = cos −1 (− ) DËeP‡j Avm‡e|
𝑣
GLv‡b, Avbyf‚wgK eivei †¯ªv‡Zi †eM I †bŠKvi †e‡Mi Dcvs‡ki †hvMdj 0 n‡Z n‡e †Kbbv miY
n‡e ïay jw¤¢K ZvB, u + vcosα = 0
4 4
cosα, − , ∝= cos (− )
v 𝑣
1. ‡Kvb b`x‡Z GKwU †bŠKvi †eM ‡¯ªv‡Zi AbyKz‡j I cÖwZK‚‡j h_vµ‡g 18 Ges 6km/hour |
†bŠKvwU KZ †e‡M †Kvb w`‡K Pvjbv Ki‡j †mvRv Aci cv‡o †cŠQv‡e? [RUET 10 − 11]
mgvavb: v + u = 18  v = 12kmh−1 , 𝑢 = 6𝑘𝑚ℎ−1

𝑢
u cosθ + v cosα = R cos90  u + v cosα = 0  cos 𝛼 = −
𝑣
16
 α = cos −1
(− 12) = 120  12khm −1
†e‡M 120 †Kv‡Y (Ans)
2. GKwU BwÄb PvwjZ †bŠKvi †eM N›Uvq 14 wK‡jvwgUvi| GKwU b`x AvovAvwo cvi n‡Z n‡j †bŠKvwU‡K
†Kvb w`‡K Pvjv‡Z n‡e? b`xi cÖ¯’ 12.125km n‡j Zv cvwo w`‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e? ‡¯ªv‡Zi †eM
NÈvq 7 km| [CUET 04 − 05]
Qsinα 14sinα
mgvavb: tanθ tan90 =
P+Qcosα 7+14cosα
1 14sinα
 = 7 + 14 cosα = 0
0 7+14cosα
1
cosα = − α = 120 (Ans. )
2
R= √𝑃2 + 𝑄2 + 2𝑃𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
= √72 + 142 + 2.7.14 cos 120 = 12.124𝑘ℎ𝑚−1
12.125
t = = 1 hours (Ans. )
12.124
3. cÖwZ NÈvq 1800 m †e‡M 240m cÖk¯Í GKwU b`x bx‡Pi w`‡K cÖevwnZ n‡”Q Ges cÖwZ NÈvq
3600 m †e‡M mvuZv‡i mÿg GKRb mvZviæ GKwU wecixZ we›`y‡Z †h‡Z B”QzK| †m †Kvb w`K
eivei mvuZvi †`‡e Ges †mB we›`y‡Z †h‡Z KZ mgq †b‡e? [BUET 03 − 04]
mgvavb: b`xi †¯ªvZ eivei Dcvsk, 3600 cosα + 1800 = 0
1
cosα = − = cos120α = 120
2
cÖ¯’ eivei Dcvsk, 3600 cos(α − θ) − 0 = 3600cos30
240
n  3117.69mh−1  t = = 0.07698h
3117.69
4. GKwU b`xi †¯ªv‡Zi †eM 5ms −1 | 10 ms −1 †e‡Mi GKwU †bŠKvi †mvRvmywRfv‡e b`x cvwo
w`‡Z 1 min 40 secodnd mgq jv‡M| b`xi cÖ¯’ KZ? [CUET 03 − 04]
mgvavb: b`x †mvRvmywR cvi n‡Z †M‡j jwä †eM, w = √𝑢2 − 𝑣 2 | 𝑢 = †bŠKvi †eM, v =
†¯ªv‡Zi †eM
GLv‡b, w = √102 − 52 = √75 𝑚𝑠 −1
d = wt = √75  (60 + 40) = 866.025 m
Av‡cw¶K †eM :
awi, P n‡jv e„wói †eM I Q n‡jv evZv‡mi †eM|
QvZv P Gim v‡_ A_©vr Dj¤^w`‡Ki mv‡Z Q †KvY K‡i ai‡Z n‡j,
𝑄
θ = tan−1 [ †KbbvGLv‡b †eM`ywU ci¯úi j¤^ ZZ mg‡KvY wÎfzR aiv hv‡e]
𝑃
𝑄 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
Avgiv Rvwb, jwä †KvY θ = tan−1
𝑃−𝑄 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
GLv‡b, α n‡jv P I Q Gi gaëZ©x †KvY hv n‡jv 90

1. ‡Kvb GK w`b 30ms −1 MwZ‡Z Djø¤^fv‡e e„wó cowQj| hw` evqy 10 ms −1 MwZ‡Z DËi †_‡K
`wÿ‡Y eB‡Z ïiæ K‡i Zvn‡j e„wó †_‡K iÿv †c‡Z †Zvgvi QvZv †Kvb w`‡K †g‡j ai‡Z n‡e †ei
Ki| [BUET 06 − 07]
𝑄 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 10 𝑠𝑖𝑛90 1
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, tanθ = = =
𝑃+𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 30+10𝑐𝑜𝑠90 3
1
θ= tan1 = 18.43
3
awi, QvZv e„wói mv‡_ θ †Kv‡Y ai‡Z n‡e|
 e„wói w`‡Ki mv‡_ 18.43 †Kv‡Y QvZv †g‡j ai‡Z n‡e|
2. 10 wK‡jvwgUvi/N›Uvq e„wó co‡Q Ges 60 wK‡jvwgUvi/N›Uvq c~e© n‡Z cwð‡g evZvm eB‡Q| c~e©
n‡Z cwðg AwfgyLx PjšÍ Mvoxi MwZ‡eM wbY©q Ki hv‡Z (a) Mvoxi mvg‡bi I wcQ‡bi KvuP wf‡R,
(b) ïaygvÎ wcQ‡bi KvuP wf‡R| [RUET 04 − 05]
mgvavb: evZv‡mi †eM V ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗w , e„wói †eM ⃗⃗⃗
Vr , Mvwoi †eM ⃗⃗⃗
Vc , e„wói jwä †eM ⃗⃗⃗⃗
VR = ⃗⃗⃗
Vr + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
VW
Mvwoi mv‡c‡ÿ e„wói †eM, ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ VRC = ⃗⃗⃗⃗ VR − V⃗⃗⃗⃗C = ⃗⃗⃗
Vr + V⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗w − ⃗⃗⃗
Vc
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗W − V
|V ⃗⃗⃗⃗C | = |V
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗W + (−V ⃗⃗⃗⃗C )| = Vw − Vc
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
|V w −V ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗C | 𝑉𝑊 − 𝑉𝐶
tanθ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗r |
=
|V 𝑉𝑟
(a). Mvwoi mvg‡bi I †cQ‡bi KvuP wfR‡j,
Vw − Vc
θ 0tanθ = 0  = 0 𝑉𝑤 = 𝑉𝑐  𝑉𝑐 = 60𝑘𝑚ℎ−1
𝑉𝑟
c~e© → cwðg
V −V
(b). ïaygvÎ wcQ‡bi KvuP wfR‡j, θ > 0tanθ > 0 w c > 0  𝑉𝑤 >
𝑉𝑟
𝑉𝑐 Vc < 60kmh −1
; 60km/hr Gi Kg †e‡M c~e© → cwðg|
†f±‡ii Dcvsk :
GKB mgZj Aew¯’Z nIqvi kZ© n‡jv A(B × C) = 0 n‡e
⃗ I 𝐶 wZbwU †f±i
‡hLv‡b, 𝐴, 𝐵
𝐴= x1 𝑖̂ + 𝑦1 𝑗̂ + 𝑧1 𝑘̂
⃗ = x2 𝑖̂ + 𝑦2 𝑗̂ + 𝑧2 𝑘̂
𝐵
𝐶 = x3 𝑖̂ + 𝑦3 𝑗̂ + 𝑧3 𝑘̂
⃗ × 𝐶 ) Gi gvb 0 n‡j Zv mgZjxq n‡e|
𝐴. (𝐵
1. A ̅ = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ , 𝐵⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ Ges 𝐶 = 𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂ wZbwU †f±i| †`LvI †h,
†f±i wZbwU GKB mgZ‡j Aew¯’Z| [BUTex 04 − 05]
mgvavb: 𝐴 = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂, 𝐵 ⃗ = 3𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂, 𝐶 = 𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂

2 1 −1
kZ©vbymv‡i, |3 −2 4 | = 2(−10 + 12) − (15 − 4) − 1(−9 + 2) = 4 −
1 3 5
11 + 7 = 0
 †f±i Îq mgZjxq| ( †`Lv‡bv nj)
 𝐴 = 𝑥1 𝑖̂ + 𝑦1 𝑗̂ + 𝑧1 𝑘̂
⃗ = x2 𝑖̂ + 𝑦2 𝑗̂ + 𝑧2 𝑘̂
𝐵
⃗ = 0 n‡j †f±i Øq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e
𝐴. 𝐵
𝐴×𝐵 ⃗ = 0 n‡j †f±i Øq ci¯úi mgvšÍivj n‡e
⃗
⃗ Gi w`‡K 𝐴 Gi j¤^ Awf‡ÿc n‡e 𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 𝐴.𝐵
𝐵 |𝐵|
̅ ̅
2. (a) †Kvb †Kvb A I B †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ Ges mgvšÍivj nq? [BUET 00 − 01]
(b)𝐵̅ = 5𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂ Gi w`‡K A̅ = 10𝑖̂ + 8𝑗̂ − 8𝑘̂ Gi j¤^ Awf‡ÿc †ei Ki|
mgvavb: (a) A̅IB ̅ †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e hw` Zv‡ì †¯‹jvi ev WU ¸Ydj k~b¨ nq Ges
Zv‡ì †KvbwU hw` bvj †f±i bv nq|  A
̅ . 𝐵̅ = 0 n‡e|
̅IB
A ̅ †f±i ci¯úi mgvšÍivj n‡e hw` Zv‡ì †f±i ev µm¸Ydj k~b¨ nq GesZv‡ì †KvbwU
hw` bvj †f±i bv nq|
A ̅ × 𝐵̅ = 0 n‡e|
̅ ̅
(b) B̅ Gi w`‡K A̅ Gi j¤^ Awf‡ÿc = Acosθ, A ̅ . 𝐵̅ = 𝐴𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃  Acosθ = A.𝐵 =
𝐵
50+48−72 26
=
√142 √172
3. (a) †Kvb †Kvb A̅IB ̅ †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ Ges mgvšÍivj nq? [BUET 00 − 01]
(b)𝐵̅ = 5𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ + 9𝑘̂ Gi w`‡K A̅ = 10𝑖̂ + 8𝑗̂ − 8𝑘̂ Gi j¤^ Awf‡ÿc †ei Ki|
mgvavb: (a)A̅IB ̅ †f±iØq ci¯úi j¤^ n‡e hw` Zv‡ì †¯‹jvi ev WU ¸Ydj k~b¨ nq Ges
Zv‡ì †KvbwU hw` bvj †f±i bv nq| A̅ . 𝐵̅ = 0 n‡e|
̅IB
A ̅ †f±i ci¯úi mgvšÍivj n‡e hw` Zv‡ì †f±i ev µm¸Ydj k~b¨ nq GesZv‡ì †KvbwU
hw` bvj †f±i bv nq|
A ̅ × 𝐵̅ = 0n‡e|
̅ ̅
(b)B̅ Gi w`‡K A ̅ Gi jk¦ Awf‡ÿc = Acosθ, A ̅ . 𝐵̅ = 𝐴𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 Acosθ = A.𝐵 =
𝐵
50+48−72 26
=
√142 √172
⃗ ci¯úi mgvšÍivj n‡j, †f±i `ywUi KZ n‡e? [BUEtex 04 − 05]

4. mggv‡bi `ywU †f±i a⃗ Ges b
mgvavb: aî + bĵ + ck̂ I dî + eĵ + fk̂
a b c
‡f±i `ywU mgvšÍivj n‡j = = n‡e|
d e f
Avevi, G‡ì gvb mgvb e‡j, †f±iØq mgvb n‡e|
⃗ .A
5. A ⃗ Ges A ⃗ A
⃗ Gi gvb wb©Yq Ki| [BUETex 18 − 19]
mgvavb: A̅. A
̅ = |A̅ |cos0 |A
̅| cos 0 = |A
̅ |2

⃗ A
A ⃗ = |A
⃗ ||A
⃗ | sin 0 η̂ = 0 (0 n‡j k~b¨ †f±i)|
 ‡Kv‡bv †f±i †ÿÎ ∇ ⃗ = 𝜕 𝑖̂ + 𝜕 𝑗̂ + 𝜕 𝑘̂ n‡j Ges †f±i 𝑉⃗ =

𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
(𝑥1 𝑦1 𝑧1 )𝑖̂ + (𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2 )𝑗̂ + (𝑥3 𝑦3 𝑧3 )𝑘̂
Z‡e AvswkK A_©vr, ∇ ⃗ .𝑉⃗ = 0 n‡j Zv mwjqbfvj n‡e| A_©vr WvBfvi‡RšÍv 0 n‡j mwjbqfvj
nq|
6. p Gi gvb KZ n‡j †f±i ∇ ⃗ = (5𝑥 + 2𝑦)𝑖̂ + (2𝑝𝑦 − 𝑧)𝑗̂ + (𝑥 − 2𝑧)𝑘̂ mwjbqfvj
n‡e? [RUET 15 − 16]
mgvavb : 𝑉 ⃗ = (5𝑥 + 2𝑦)𝑖 + (2𝑝𝑦 − 𝑧)𝑗 + (𝑥 − 2𝑧)𝑘 ⃗
∇ ⃗ = 𝜕(5𝑥+2𝑦) + 𝜕(2𝑝𝑦−𝑧) + 𝜕(𝑥−2𝑧) = 0  5 + 2p − 2 = 0
⃗ .𝑉
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
3
 p = − (𝐴𝑛𝑠. )
2
7. (a) †Kvb we›`y P Gi ¯’vbvsK P (2, −3, 4) n‡j we›`ywUi Ae¯’vb †f±i wbY©q Ki|
[CUET 05 − 06]
(b)A (2, −1, 3) Ges B (−1, 2 − 3) we›`yØ‡qi mns‡hvMKvix w`K ivwkwU wb©Yq Ki|
mgvavb: (a) r = 2î − 3ĵ + 4k̂ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + AB
OA ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = OB
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AB = (−1 − 2)î + (2 + 1)ĵ + (−3 − 3)k̂
(b). ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OB − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OA
AB
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = −3î + 3ĵ − 6k̂ (Ans. )
MCQ
1. GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki mwbœwnZ evû `yBwU h_vµ‡g ⃗A = (3î + ĵ − 2k̂)m Ges B

⃗ =
(2î − ĵ − k̂)m| mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †ÿÎdj KZ? [KUET 18 − 19]
A. 5.92m2 B. 2.76 m2 C. 10.39 m2
D. 2.96m2
Ans: A ; |A⃗ B
⃗ | = 5.92m2
2. `yBwU †f±‡ii †¯‹jvi ¸Ydj 20 GKK| G‡ì †f±i ¸Yd‡ji gvb 6√2 GKK| †f±iØ‡qi gaëZ©x
†KvY KZ? [KUET 11 − 12, 17 − 18]
A. 30 B. 242′ C. 2259′
D. 2214′
ABsinθ |A⃗⃗ B ⃗⃗ | 6√ 2
Ans: C; tanθ = = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗ .kB
= = 2259′
ABcosθ A 20

3. hw` A ⃗ GKwU †f±i nq Ges |A ⃗ | Gi GKK m−2 nq| Z‡e ∇ ⃗ A

⃗ . (∇ ⃗ ) ivwkwUi gvÎv-
[SUST 17 − 18]
A. m−4 B. m−3 C. m−2
D. m−1
Ans: A
4. hw` ⃗P = 2î + 4ĵ − 5k̂ Ges Q = −î + 2ĵ + 3k̂ n‡j ⃗P Ges ⃗Q Gi gaëZ©x ‡KvY KZ?
[KUET 16 − 17]
A. 111.01 B. 110.49 C. 101.49
D. 68.98
⃗⃗
⃗P.Q −9 −9
Ans: A ; cosθ = ⃗ |.|Q⃗⃗ |
= θ = cos −1 ( ) = 111.01
|P √45.√14 √45√14
5. `ywU †f±‡ii g‡a¨ GKwU Ab¨wUi wØ¸Y Ges G‡ì jwäi gvb eo †f±iwUi mgvb n‡j †f±iØ‡qi
ga¨Kvi †Kv‡Yj gvb- [BUTex 16 − 17]
1 1 1
A. cos −1 ( ) B.cos −1 (− ) C. cos −1 (− )
2 2 4
1
D.cos −1 ( )
4
1
Ans: C; cÖkœg‡Z, (2P)2 = P 2 + (2P)2 + 2P. 2P cosθcosθ = −  θ =
4
−1 1
cos (− 4)
6. m Gi gvb KZ n‡j ⃗A = î − 3ĵ + 5k̂ Ges B
⃗ = mî + 6ĵ − 10k̂ †f±iØq ci¯úi
mgvšÍivj n‡e? [KUET 10 − 11, SUST 16 − 17]
A. -2 B.-1 C. 1 D.2
1 3 5
Ans: A; A||B n‡j, = − = m = −2
m 6 −10
7. a, b I c Gi gvb KZ n‡j ⃗V = (x + y + ax)î + (bx + 3y − z)ĵ + (3x + cy + z)k̂
‡f±iwUi ANyY©bkxj n‡e? [CUET 15 − 16]
A. (3, 1, 1) B. (3, −1, −1) C. (−3, 1, −1)
D. (3, 1, −1)
î ĵ k̂
∂ ∂ ∂
Ans: D; ∇V ⃗ =0 | |=0
∂x ∂y ∂z
x + y + az bx + 3y − z 3x + cy + z
î (c + 1) + ĵ(a − 3) + k̂(b − 1) = 0  a = 3, b = 1, c = −1
8. `ywU †f±i ivwki e„nËi I ÿz`ªZi jwäØq h_vµ‡g 28 GKK I 4 GKK| ivwk `ywU ci¯úi mv‡_
90 †Kv‡Y †Kvb GKwU KYvi Dci wµqv Kij| jwäi gvb KZ? [CUET 15 − 16]
A. None of them B. 28 unit C. 24 unit
D. 20 unit
Ans: D; P + Q = 28, P − Q = 4

1
j¤^fv‡e KvR Ki‡j jwä = √𝑃2 + 𝑄2 = √ {(𝑃 + 𝑄)2 + (𝑃 − 𝑄)2 } = 20 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
2
9. `ywU mggv‡bi †f±i †Kvb GK we›`y‡Z wµqvkxj| Zv‡ì jwäi gvb †h †Kvb GKwU †f±‡ii gv‡bi
mgvb| †f±iØ‡qi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ? [BUTex 15 − 16]
A. 45 B.90 C. 120
D.150
1
Ans: C; P 2 = P 2 + P 2 + 2. pp. cosθ cosθ = − θ = 120
2
10. For what value of ''A'' the vectors ai − 2j + k ⃗ and 2ai − aj − 4k
⃗ will be
perpendicular to each other? [RUET 09 − 10, KUET 14 − 15]
A. 3, 1 B.2, 4 C. -2, 1 D.3,
2
Ans: C; 2a2 + 2a − 4 = 0a = 1, −2
11. GKwU mvgšÍwi‡Ki †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki hvi KY©Øq h_vµ‡g A = 3i − 2j + 5k Ges B = i +
6j − k| [KUET 14 − 15]
A. 10.95 units B. 17.6 units C. 17.66 units
D. 15.74 units
Ans: C; ⃗AB
⃗ = −28î + 8ĵ + 20k̂|A
⃗ B
⃗ | = √282 + 82 + 202 = 35.327
⃗⃗ B
|A ⃗⃗ |
Area = = 17.66𝑠𝑞. 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡.
2
12. hw` A = 5î − 4ĵ − 2k̂ Ges B = 3î − 3ĵ + k †f±iØq GKwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki mwbœwnZ `yBwU
evû wb‡`©k Ki‡j Zvi †ÿÎdj KZ? [RUET 14 − 15]
A. √7 B. 2√7 C. √14
D. None
î ĵ k̂
Ans: AB = |5 −4 2| = 2î + ĵ − 3k̂ †ÿÎdj √22 + 12 + 32 = √14
⃗ ⃗
3 −3 1
13. `yBwU †f±i A = 2î + 2ĵ − k̂ Ges B
⃗ ⃗ = 6î − 3ĵ + 2k̂ n‡j G‡ì AšÍfz©³ †KvY KZ?
[KUET 09 − 10, 12 − 13, 13 − 14]
A. 77 B.78 C. 79
D.80
⃗⃗ .B
A ⃗⃗ 4 4
Ans: C; cosθ = |𝐴||𝐵| = θ = cos −1 ( ) = 79
√9.√ 49 21
⃗ = (5î − 6ĵ + 3k̂) ej cÖ‡qvM Kivi d‡j KYvwUi d
14. GKwU KYvi Dci F ⃗ = (3î + dy ĵ +
5k̂) miY nq| dy Gi gvb KZ n‡j m¤úvw`Z Kv‡Ri cwigvY k~b¨ n‡e? [BUET 12 − 13]
A. 0 B.5 C. 6 D.-6

Ans: B; d 0 = 5.3 + (−6)dy + 3.5 0 = 15 − 6dy +

W = ⃗F. ⃗⃗⃗
156dy = 30 dy = 5
15. `ywU †f±i ivwki cÖ‡Z¨KwUi gvb 5 GKK| Zviv GKB we›`y‡Z ci¯úi 120 †Kv‡Y wµqv K‡i|
Zv‡ì jwäi gvb KZ? [RUET 12 − 13]
A. 5 unit B. 0 unit C. 25 unit
D. 15 unit
Ans: R = 2P + 2P cos120 = p2  R = P = 5
2 2 2
16. ‡KvbwU mvgvšÍwi‡Ki ‡ÿÎdj? [BUETex 12 − 13]

1 1
A. |A ̅ B
̅| ̅ B
B. A ̅ C. ̅+ B
(A ̅)
2 2
̅ B
D. |A ̅|
Ans: µm ¸Y‡bi †ÿ‡Î Avgiv Rvwb, mvgvšÍwi‡Ki ‡ÿÎdj= |A ⃗ B
⃗|
17. wb¤œwxjwLZ †f±i cÖWv‡±i gvb evwni Ki: (2î − 3ĵ). |(î + ĵ − k̂)(3î − k̂)|
[CUET 11 − 12]
A. 4 B. 8
C. −4 D. None of these
Ans: D; (2î − 3ĵ). |(î + ĵ − k̂)(3î − k̂)|is not correct because |(î + ĵ −
k̂)3î − k̂|is scalar
⃗ .B
18. A ⃗ = 0. A⃗ IB ⃗ Gi gaëZ©x †KvY KZ? [BUTex 11 − 12]
A. 0 B.90 C. 30
D.45
Ans: B; ⃗A. B
⃗ = 0 ev, ABcosθ = 0cosθ = 0θ = 90
19. GKwU jb †ivjvi †Vjv ev Uvbvi mgq Zzwg Gi nvZ‡j Abyf‚wg‡Ki mv‡_ 30 †Kv‡Y 19.6N ej
cÖ‡qvM KiQ| GUv Uvbv A‡cÿvK…Z mnR KviY Gi IRb ZLb K‡g- [BEUT 10 − 11]
A. √3kg B. 19.6 kg C. 1 kg
D. 9.8 kg
Ans: C  IRb K‡g= 19.6 cos(60) N = 9.8 N = 1 kg

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QNA পদার্থ ১ম cÎ

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

= †f±i A I B Gi ga¨Z©x †Kvb θ =900 n‡j,

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

cÖ‡qvM I D”PZi `ÿZv

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

০১. wecixZ cv‡o †cuŠQv‡Z mgq

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ DÏxc‡Ki →

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ b`xwUi wecixZ cv‡oi BC `yiZ¡ †ei Ki|

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

05.2wU †f±‡ii ga¨eZ©x †KvY

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

১.wÎfz‡Ri, mvgvšÍwi‡Ki †ÿÎdj wbY©q

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ →

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

5. mwjbqWvj ‡ÿÎ nIqvi kZ©

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

3wU †f±i GKB mgZ‡j Ae¯’vb Ki‡e wKbv

ব োশ্নডে আসো প্রেঃ → →

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

Zv‡`i‡K †f±i ivwk ev w`K ivwk e‡j|

1. wfbœ cÖK…wZi †f±i‡K ‡hvM Kiv hvq bv|

2. `ywU †f±‡ii †f±i ¸Ydj GKwU †f±i ivwk nq|

3. `ywU †f±‡ii †Kjvi ¸Ydj GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|

N~Y©b ej ev UK© e‡j|

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

†KŠwYK †e‡Mi w`‡K (‡f±i iƒc)t

GKwU Wvb cv‡Ki ¯Œy mvnv‡h¨ Gi w`K wb‡`©k Kiv hvq|

†h †f±i ivwki gvb GK GKK Zv‡K GKK †f±i e‡j|

⃗ †f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡j 𝐴 × 𝐵

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

R¨vwgwZK c×wZ‡Z †f±i ivwki †hv‡Mi m~Î

mij‡iLvi ˆ`N¨© †f±i `ywUi jw×i gvb wb‡`©k Ki‡e|

wecixZµ‡g †f±i `ywUi jwÜ wb‡`©k Ki‡e|

GKB µ‡g wb‡`©k Ki‡j G‡`i jw× k~b¨ n‡e|

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

1. α = 0° n‡j, †f±iØq mgvšÍivj n‡e|

2. 𝛼 = 120° n‡j, `ywU †f±‡ii jweŸ cÖ‡Z¨K †f±‡ii mgvb n‡e|

3. 𝛼 = 180° n‡j, †f±iØq ci¯ci wecixZ w`‡K wµqv Ki‡e|

K‡qKwU we‡kl †¶Ît

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

Mvwoi wiper `Û¸wj Mvwoi mvg‡bi Kv‡P jvMv‡bv nq|

jwäi m‡e©v”P Ges me©wb¤œ gvbt

†f±i †hv‡Mi K‡qKwU myÎt

j¤^vs‡ki mvnv‡h¨ †f±I ivwki †hvRb I we‡qvRbt

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর

Abyf‚wgK Dcvsk (Horizontal component), Djø¤^ Dcvsk (Tangential component)|

লেকচার শীট লেক্টর