Academic Year

2020-2021

Application Development
and Emerging Technologies
(APPDET)
WEEK 4 :

Emerging Technology:
Overview in Internet of
Things
Session Outline

• Definition of Internet of Things

1 • History of IoT

• How IoT Works

2 • Pros and Cons of IoT

• IoT Intelligent Applications

3 • Emerging IoT Standards
Internet of Things
The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of
interrelated computing devices, mechanical and
digital machines, objects, animals or people that are
provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the
ability to transfer data over a network without
requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer
interaction.

https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/Internet-of-Things-IoT
Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of

physical objects or "things" embedded with
electronics, software, sensors, and network
connectivity, which enables these objects to collect
and exchange data.
Internet of Things: Better definition

“Sensors and actuators embedded in physical objects

are linked through wired and wireless networks, often
using the same Internet Protocol (IP) that connects the
Internet.”
Who invented “Internet of Things”

Kevin Ashton is an
innovator and consumer
sensor expert who coined
the phrase “the Internet
of Things” to describe the
network connecting
objects in the physical
world to the Internet.
Kevin Ashton
“Yet today's information technology is so dependent on data
originated by people that our computers know more about
ideas than things. If we had computers that knew everything
there was to know about things—using data they gathered
without any help from us—we would be able to track and
count everything, and greatly reduce waste, loss and cost.
We would know when things needed replacing, repairing or
recalling, and whether they were fresh or past their best. The
Internet of Things has the potential to change the world, just
as the Internet did. Maybe even more so.” – Kevin Ashton
History of IoT

The concept of connected devices itself dates back

to 1832 when the first electromagnetic telegraph
was designed. The telegraph enabled direct
communication between two machines through the
transfer of electrical signals. However, the true IoT
history started with the invention of the internet—a
very essential component—in the late 1960s, which
then developed rapidly over the next decades.
The 1980’s

Coca-Cola vending machine- put micro-

switches into the machine and used an early
form of the internet to see if the cooling device
was keeping the drinks cold enough and if
there were available Coke cans.
The 1990

In 1990, John Romkey connected a toaster to the internet

for the very first time with a TCP/IP protocol. One year
later, University of Cambridge scientists came up with the
idea to use the first web camera prototype to monitor the
amount of coffee available in their local computer lab’s
coffee pot. They programmed the webcam to take pictures
of the coffee pot three times per minute, then send the
images to local computers, thus allowing everyone to see if
there was coffee available.
The 1999
The year 1999 was easily one of the most significant for the IoT
history, as Kevin Ashton coined the term “the internet of things.” A
visionary technologist, Ashton was giving a presentation for Procter
& Gamble where he described IoT as a technology that connected
several devices with the help of RFID tags for supply chain
management. He specifically used the word “internet” in the title of
his presentation in order to draw the audience’s attention since the
internet was just becoming a big deal that time. While his idea of
RFID-based device connectivity differs from today’s IP based IoT,
Ashton’s breakthrough played an essential role in the internet of
things history and technological development overall.
The 2000’s
❑ Term of Internet of Things came into widespread
use by the media.
❑ 1st International Conference on the Internet of
Things held in Switzerland in 2008
❑ Refrigerator connected to the internet that was
introduced by LG Electronics in 2000
❑ Robot named Nabaztag- capable of telling the
latest news, weather forecast, and stock market
changes.
The 2000’s
The 2010’s

❑ Gartner Hype Cycle in 2011

❑ IPv6- network layer protocol that is central to IoT
❑ Global tech giants are focusing their efforts on
the production of IoT sensors and devices
❑ Application in manufacturing, healthcare,
transportation, oil & energy, agriculture, retail, and
many more
The 2013
By the year 2013, the Internet of Things had evolved
into to a system using multiple technologies, ranging
from the Internet to wireless communication and
from micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) to
embedded systems. The traditional fields of
automation (including the automation of buildings
and homes), wireless sensor networks, GPS, control
systems, and others, all support the IoT.
The 2018
How IoT Works: Components
1. Sensors. Data is first collected from the
environment for the IoT system to begin processing.
It is collected by sensors in devices that can
measure observable occurrences or changes in the
environment. The kind of data being measured by
the device depends on its function: It can be a
person’s pulse in the case of a fitness tracker or the
distance of the nearest object in that of an
autonomous vehicle.
How IoT Works: Components
2. Connection and Identification. The data must
be communicated from the device to the rest of the
IoT system, be it to a computer or to another device.
And for this communication to have any meaning, a
device must have a unique identifiable presence on
the internet, accomplished through its own IP
address.
How IoT Works: Components
3. Actuators. Most IoT devices are capable of doing their
primary functions without physical interaction with their
users. IoT devices should be able to take action based on
data from their sensors and the subsequent feedback from
the network. A smart lightbulb, for example, can turn on
upon the command of its user, even when the user is miles
away. In the same manner, a valve in a smart factory can
automatically open or close according to data gathered by
its sensors along the production line.
How IoT Works: COMPONENTS
4. IoT gateway. The IoT gateway acts as a bridge
for the different devices’ data to reach the cloud. It
also helps in translating the different protocols of the
various IoT devices into just one standard protocol
and in filtering out unnecessary data gathered by
the devices.
How IoT Works: COMPONENTS
5. The cloud. The cloud is where all the data
from the different devices is gathered and
where software can reach this data for
processing. Because most of data processing
happens in the cloud, it lessens the burden on
individual devices.
How IoT Works: COMPONENTS
6. User interface. The user interface
communicates to the users the data gathered
by the devices and allows the users to make
the necessary commands to be executed by
the devices.
Advantages of IoT

✓Automation
✓Efficiency
✓Cost Savings
✓Communication
✓Instant Data Access
Disadvantages of IoT

✓Privacy and Security

✓Compatibility
✓Complexity
✓Less Jobs
✓Technologically Dependent Life
IoT Intelligent Applications
Smart Manufacturing
→Reinvent manufacturing
processes
→Increase your revenue by
using IoT applications to
improve efficiency, increase
supply chain visibility, and
launch new business
models.
IoT Intelligent Applications

Connected Assets
→Monitor Machines
→Prevent downtime by
using IoT sensor data for
real-time visibility and
maintenance of
machines, vehicles, and
other assets.
 IoT Intelligent Applications

Connected Logistics
→IoT for transportation and
logistics
→Reduce costs by
connecting and monitoring
vehicle routes and products
in transit.
 IoT Intelligent Applications
Workplace Safety
→Connect and monitor workplace
→Ensure regulatory compliance and identify causes of
incidents, with real-time visibility into workplace
environments.
IoT Intelligent Applications
Service Monitoring
→Connect to service centers
→Combining customer Service
with IoT enables you to deliver a
predictive customer experience.
Empower your service team to
use insights from asset data and
knowledge bases to customize
service recommendations.
 Assignment

Think of an example of an IOT system with brief description

that can be developed in the near future.
 REFERENCES:
✓ https://www.dataversity.net/brief-history-internet-
things/#
✓ https://iot-analytics.com/internet-of-things-definition/
✓ https://www.trendmicro.com/vinfo/us/security/definitio
n/internet-of-things
✓ https://www.oracle.com/ph/internet-of-things/
✓ https://onecompiler.com/javascript