Reciprocal Quotient Relationships Pythagorean

Relationships Relationships
sin
csc =
1 tan =
sin cos sin2  + cos2  = 1
cos
sec =
1 cot = 1 + tan  = sec2 
cos sin 1 + cot2  = csc2 
1
cot =
tan

Negative Angle Cofunction

sin (− ) = - sin sin ( °− ) = cos

cos (− ) = cos
tan (− ) = - tan
csc (− ) = - csc
sec (− ) = sec
cot (− ) = - cot
cos (° − ) = sin
tan (° − ) = cot
cot (° − ) = tan
sec (° − ) = csc
csc (° − ) = sec

°
ADDITION FORMULAS
sin( +  ) = sin  cos  + cos sin 
cos( +  ) = cos cos  − sin  sin 
tan + tan 
tan( +  ) =
1− tan  tan 

SUBTRACTION FORMULAS
sin( −  ) = sin  cos  − cos sin 
cos( −  ) = cos cos  + sin  sin 
tan − tan 
tan( −  ) =
1+ tan  tan 

DOUBLE-ANGLE FORMULAS
sin 2 = 2 sin  cos
cos 2 = cos2  − sin2  = 1 − 2 sin2  = 2 cos 2 −1
2 tan 
tan 2 =
1 − tan2 
HALF-ANGLE FORMULAS
1
sin  =  1 − cos
2 2
1
cos  =  1 + cos
 2 2
1
tan  =  1 − cos = sin = 1 − cos
2 1 + cos 1 + cos sin
PRODUCTS OF SINES AND COSINES
1
sin  cos  = [sin( +  ) + (sin  −  )]
2
1
cos sin  = [sin( +  ) − sin( −  )]
2
1
cos cos  = [cos( +  ) + cos( −  )]
2
1
sin  sin  = − [cos( +  ) − cos( −  )]
2

SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF SINES AND COSINES

1 1
sin A + sin B = + − B)
2 sin ( A B) cos ( A
21 12
sin A − sin B = + − B)
2 cos ( A B) sin ( A
21 21
cos A + cos B = + − B)
2 cos ( A B) cos ( A
21 21
cos A − cos B = − + − B)
2 sin ( A B) sin ( A
2 2