EGERTON UNIVERSITY.

FACULTY OF ENGINERING AND

TECHNOLOGY.
DEPARTMENT: CEEN.
CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL
ENGINEERING.
NAME: EDWIN MURIMI MWANGI.
REG. NO: BP12/00234/22.

BIOLOGY OF HIV/AIDS AND

SOCIETY.
UNIT CODE: ZOOL 143.
SUBMITTED TO: DR WALTER
ESSSENDI.
1. Explain the circumstances at which PrEP and PEP are administered.

These are drugs which are administered to HIV negative people so that to prevent HIV infection in
case of HIV exposure. For instance, PEP is given to a person who has been exposed to HIV infection
so that to prevent HIV infection before 72 hours. For PrEP, it is given to HIV negative individual's so
that to lower the chances of them acquiring HIV In case of exposure.

2. Identify five difference between HAART and PEP.

HAART PEP.
Used for HIV treatment. Used to prevent HIV infection.
Given to HIV positive individuals. Given to HIV negative individual's exposed to
HIV infection.
It is mainly a combination of three or more It has no combination of different drugs.
drugs.
It is taken continuously for the rest of the Administered before 72 hours and proceed for
patient’s life. four weeks.
It is administered after sometime from the It is administered immediately before 72
HIV infection. hours.

3. List other ARVs in use elsewhere but not in local market.

1. Saquinavir.
2. Ritonavir.
3. Indinavir.
4. Nelfinavir.
5. Atazanavir.

4. Suggest reasons why PrEP is not being advocated for in Kenya as

compared to HAART.
1. High rate of poverty makes people unable to afford purchasing the preventive drugs.
2. People attitude that it is only after infection is one supposed to take HIV drugs.
3. Ignorance in most people as they prefer treatment than preventive measures thus they have no
time to purchase PrEP

5. Management of HIV in pregnant mothers is a big challenge to

healthcare providers. Explain why this is so.

For pregnant mothers with HIV, it is a big challenge to manage HIV as most treatment may directly
affect the child. For instance, some ARVs has significant effect like anemia, this may affect both the
mother and child. Furthermore, the high amount of doses taken by the mother to treat HIV toxify the
mother’s blood. This also directly affect the child. Some ARVs also results to some infection like
diabetes, this likewise may transfer to the unborn child.