TRAN DAI NGHiA - TAM GUdNG SANG NGdl

VE N 6 Lire HOC TAP VA LAO DONG KHOA HOC*

Thieu tudng, Giao sU, Vien si T r i n Dai Nghia ten that

la Pham Quang Ld, sinh ngay 13-9-1913, trong mdt gia
dinh nha giao ngheo tai mien que sdng nUdc (xa Hda Hiep,
huyen Tam Binh, tinh Vinh Long). Ngay tii be, Pham
Quang Le da ham thich tim hieu cae hien tUdng thien
nhien, thien van. Cha dng vd'n la nha Nho uyen tham
chuyen sang hpc tieng Phap, dd Thanh chung, dUde biet
den la ngUdi hpc rdng, bidt sau.
NhUng mpt Men cd Idn xay den, cupc sd'ng dang yen a'm
thi ngUdi cha dot ngdt qua ddi. Vay la Pham Quang Ll mdi
len 7 tudi da md edi cha.
Sau khi cha mat, cudc sd'ng gia dinh het siic khd khan,
Pham Quang Le dUde me giii vao nha mdt dng giao ddng
nghiep eiia cha. Cudc sd'ng xa nha, xa ngUdi than eua ong bat
dlu tii dd. Ndi nhd cha, thUdng me, thUdng chi ludn khic
khoai trong ldng cau trd nhd. Me va ehi gai d que thi tan tao
mpt nIng hai sUdng, chiu mudn van cd cue de nudi ong an hpe.

TAM GUONG SANG NGCJl VE N 6 LUC HOC TAP

Den miia he nam 1926, dng thi dau vao TrUdng Trung

* Bki vie't cua Ban Tuyen giao Tinh iiy Hau Giang.

63
hpc My Tho. Chuyen cdm ao gao tidn khdng cdn phai lo niia,
vi vao day la cd hpc bong. Ong ludn hpc ra't gidi cac mon khoa
hpc tu nhien. Den cudi nien khoa 1932-1933, ngoai viec thi tii
tai ban xii, dng quyet dinh ghi danh thi lay bang tii tai Tay.
Hoan toan tin vao kha nang eiia minh, bdi dng da hpc ky eac
mdn tii nhien nhU toan, ly, hoa, nhiing mdn quyet dinh trong
viec thi la'y loai bing nay. Nam a'y, ong thi do thu khoa ca tii
tai Tay va tii tai ban xii.
Trd thanh thu khoa, dng khong ra Ha Ndi hpc dai hpe ma
di lam d Toa sii My Tho. Dd ciing la thdi gian ma dng tim cd
hdi de di hpe nUdc ngoai vdi hoai bao eua minh. Long yeu
nUdc nhen nhdm trong chang thanh nien moi liic cang trdi
day, de rdi ong nhan ra, chi ed da'u tranh vii trang mdi cd the
giai phdng dan tpc khdi canh thudc dia.
That may, chang trai tre Pham Quang Ld dUdc nha bao
VUdng Quang NgUdu nang dd. Ong NgUdu la ngUdi luon gin
gM, tim hieu tam tU, nguyen vpng cua nhiing ngUdi tre tudi cd
chi hudng gianh ddc lap cho To qud'e de tim each nang dd ho.
Nhd dd, dng dUde Hpi Ai hiiu cua TrUdng Chasseldup Laubat
clip hpc bdng 1 nam sang Phap. Neu thi dau dai hpc, nha nUdc
Phap se tiep tue cap hpc bong.
Thang 9-1935, dng xud'ng tau thuy di Phap. Hanh trang
mang theo minh ching cd gi ngoai hoai bao dUde hpc hdi de trd
vd phuc vu que hUdng. DUde nhan vao mdt trUdng trung hpc
dae biet 2 nam de chuan bi dii thi vao dai hpc, vdi kha nang
VUdt trdi, dng da hoan tat chUdng trinh trong vdng 1 nam. Vdi
tri thdng minh va ldng ham hpc, chang thanh nien hpc nhay
mdt ldp (riit ngin dUdc mpt nam). Tha'm nhuan truydn thdng
yeu nude ndng nan, long tU hao dan tpc, ong ludn nung na'u,
phai lam sao de cd kien thiic day du de trd ve phuc vu sii

64
nghiep giai phdng da't nUdc. NhUng nen b i t dau bing each
nao day, khi day la linh viic bi mat dd'i vdi ba't ky qud'c gia
nao? Hoai bao va nhiing cau hdi ludn chay bdng trong ldng
chang thanh men xa xii.
Ong quyet tam nop ddn thi vao trUdng dai hpc cd nhiing
chuyen nganh lien quan den hoai bao cua minh nhidu nha't.
Ong chpn TrUdng Dai hpe qud'c gia Clu dUdng Pari. Cdng siic
cud'i cung ciing dUde den dip. Ong thi dd va dUde hpe bdng
len tdi 1.200 franc/thang. Ngoai viec hpc d TrUdng Dai hpc
qud'c gia Clu dudng Pari, dng cdn hpc d cac dai hpc danh
tieng khac nhu TrUdng Sorbonne, Dai hpc Md, Dai hpc Bach
khoa, Dai hpe Dien va Hpc vien Ky thuat Hang khong va lan
lUdt thi dau cac bing cii nhan khoa hpe, ky sU cau dUdng, ky
sU dien, ky sU hang khdng; ddng thdi dat chiing chi d Dai hpc
Md va Dai hpc Bach khoa. Sau khi ra trUdng, dng d lai Phap
lam viec tai Vien Nghien ciiu may bay. Nam 19427^ng sang
Diie lam viec trong xUdng chd tao may bay va Vien Nghien
ciiu vii khi.
NgUdi ta tha'y dng thudng xuyen xud'ng cac nha may, xi
nghiep, vao thU vien, diing hang gid trUde nhiing thidt bi khi
tai trong Vien Bao tang vii khi. Thdi gian lam viec cho phdng
thiet ke cua hang may bay, dng da tidp xiic vdi ra't nhieu tai
lieu quan sii, vii khi vi hang nay cdn san xua't ca may bay
quan sii. Kien thiic cii am tham nga'm vao va Idn len trong
dng theo each a'y.

BI DANH " T R I N DAI NGHIA"

Sau ngay da't nUde gianh dpc lap (thang 8-1945), trUdc
tinh thd "ngan can treo sdi tdc", cae the liic thu trong giac

65
ngoai, de qud'c phan ddng ludn tim moi each de xoa bd ehinh
quyen each mang non tre. Ngay 31-5-1946, Chii tich Hd Chi
Minh sang tham Phap, ciing la de chon lua mdt so' tri thUc
yeu nude ed hieu biet ve vu khi dUa ve Td qud'c trong dd cd
Pham Quang Le (luc dd 33 tuoi), dang la ky sU ciia hang ehe
tao may bay.
Trong nhiing ngay gan giii Bae d Pari, dng lai cang hieu
sau sac hdn ve tai, dUc ciia Bac. Ong da trinh bay vdi Bac
nhieu kie'n thUe ve khoa hpc - ky thuat, dac biet la khoa hoc
quan sU, ve nhUng hieu biet xung quanh Chien tranh the gidi
thii hai. NhUng gi dm a'p ba'y nay gid dUde dip tho Id, nhu ca
gap nUdc, dng lap tiic chu^n bi cho ngay rdi Phap. Trudc khi
ve nude, dng cdn tap trung thu thap hang nghin cud'n sach
lien quan de'n nhieu linh vUe ma phan Idn la de phuc vu
chien tranh.
Chi 7 ngay sau khi ve nude (ngay 27-10-1946), dng dUdc
Bac true tiep giao nhiem vu len Thai Nguyen nghien ciiu che'
tao sung chd'ng tang diia theo m i u bazooka ciia My, vdi hai
vien dan do Giao sU Ta Quang B i u Oiic nay la Thii trudng
Bd Qud'c phdng cung ca'p). Phai bat tay vao viec ngay. Nhung
mdi ehi dUdc it hdm thi lai co dien ga'p tii Bo Qud'c phdng goi
ve gap Bac Hd.
Ngay 5-12-1946, dng tdi Bae Bo Phu. Viia gap, Chil tieh
Hd Chi Minh trinh trong nhUng eiing day than mat bao:
Khdng chien sdp de'n nai 'roi, hdm nay tdi goi chu de'n de trao
cho nhiem vu lam Cue tritdng Cue Quan gidi, Chu lo vU lihi
cho bo dgi diet giac. Bac Ho giao cho dng toan quyen hanh
ddng trong viec che tao vu khi ma khdng phai thdng qua ba't
ky mdt ca'p nao khac. Va Bac can dan tiep: Viec cua chu la
viec dai nghia, vi the ke tii nay, Bdc dat ten cho chu la
Trdn Dgi Nghia. Diing bi danh ndy degiit bi mat cho chu. vd
de bdo ve gia dinh, bd con chii, con d trong Nam. Bac giai
thich y nghia cai ten: Mot la, hg Trdn, Id hg cua danh titdng
Trdn Hitng Dgo. Hai Id, Dgi Nghia la nghia Idn de chu nhd
den nhiem vu cua minh vdi nhdn dan, vdi ddt nitdc. Dgi
Nghia con la chii cua Nguyen Trdi trong Binh Ngo dgi cao.
Cha CO Ung bi danh do khdngT
Thd la tii da'y, cai ten Tran Dai Nghia gin vdi cupc ddi
dng. Cd the ndi, trong nhiing ngay thang miet mai nghien
ciiu che tao vii khi d Chien khu Viet Ble la thdi gian ky sU
Tran Dai Nghia cam tha'y cd y nghia nha't trong cupc ddi hoat
dpng eiia minh. Sau nay, den nhiing ngay trUde khi qua ddi,
Vien SI Tran Dai Nghia van nhic lai tinh cam sau sac Bac
danh cho dng, nhae lai ngay 5-12 lich sii, dng dupe giao
nhiem vu Cue trUdng Cue Quan gidi va dUde Bac dat cho cai
ten diy y nghia. Dd la mpt mdc son, budc ngoat ra't Idn doi
vdi eupe ddi dng.

MIET MAI LAO DONG KHOA HOC

Ciing cae cdng sii, Tran Dai Nghia b i t tay vao cdng viec
ngay. Ong say me lam viec ddn quen an, quen ngu. Nhieu
dem dng chi mong cho trdi chdng sang de lam viec, nghien
ciiu, thii nghiem. Song cdng viec khdng hd dd dang. Dan
bazooka cua My dUde nhdi bing thud'c phdng, edn ta chi cd
loai thudc Sling la'y dUdc tii bom dan eua Phap. Ta't ca deu
phai tinh toan lai tir dau va phai hieu dUpc nhiing nguyen ly
cd ban ve thud'c phdng, thud'c no. Nhiing kien thiic sach vd

1. Xem Nguyin Van Dao: Vien si Trdn Bai Nghia, Sdd, tr.139-140.

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11 nam thu lupm xU ngUdi bat dau phat huy tac dung. Hinh
anh ngudi ky sU miet mai tinh toan td'c do chay, dot thii cac
loai thud'c siing, ngay dem vdi cay thudc tinh trong tay,... da
trd nen qua doi quen thude vdi cac can bp d chien khu. Chi
mpt sai sdt nhd se phai tra gia bang xUdng thit ciia chien si
noi tran mac, vi the' trach nhiem cang de nang len vai dng.
Cud'i cung, dieu ky dieu ciing da de'n. Cud'i thang 2-1947,
cude thii nghiem bazooka thanh edng. Miic dam xuyen ciia
dan vUa che tao dat dp sau 75cm tren tudng thanh xay gach
tuong duong vdi sUc nd' xuyen cua dan bazooka do My che
tao. Day la ba't ngd Idn dd'i vdi dich.
Mdt cudn day dien trd loai nhd, dUdc thao ra tii mdt
chiee vdn ke. Nd dupe dung lam sdi tdc dd't mdi thud'c siing
den amode, neu sdi tdc bi dUt thi dan hi xit. Tran Dai Nghia
ludn giii eudn day ay ben minh, cho de'n mdt dem dang nhd:
2-3-1947. Cudn day da dUpc dem ra sv! dung trong tinh trang
khan ca'p. Dem dd, dng Phan My, Chanh Van phdng Bd Qud'c
phdng giao nhiem vu san xua't cap td'e dan bazooka de can
pha cudc hanh quan cua Phap. Chiing ta da vay Phap hdn 2
thang d Ha Ndi va gid chung dang tim each thoat ra. Ong
Phan My yeu cau: Cdc dong chi dd bdn thit bazooka thdnh
cong, tuy chUa chac chdn lam nhitng tinh hinh luc ndy rdt
cdp bdch. Sdng mai qudn Phdp co khd ndng choc thung mat
trdn Cau Mdi - Hd Bong. Be nghi anh Nghia cho nhdi gdp
dan bazooka ngay trong dim de kip mang de'n cho dong chi
Vuang Thiia VU trong ngdy mai. Anh VU dang bao vi Bdc Ho
vd Chinh phu d Quoc Oai, Hd Tdy.
Dudi anh den leo let, ta't ea deu dUdc huy ddng nhoi
thude, lap dan. Cat luc sud't dem, de'n 3 gid sang thi to nghien

68
ciiu cua dng cung anh em trong cd quan Cue Quan gidi nhoi
l i p dUde 10 qua dan mang ma hieu B.60, kem 1 qua dan
khdi, 1 Sling My eai tien dUa ra mat tran. Sang 3-3-1947,
may bay Phap b i t dau quin dao nhim yem trd cho xe tang,
cd gidi cua dich danh chiem thi xa Ha Ddng. Chide xe tang di
dau bi b i n chay ngiin ngut, chide thii hai ciing bi dan b i n
hdng. Ca doan xe dich khiing lai, hon loan rdi nit lui. Sii xuat
hien cua mpt loai vii khi mdi da khidn ehiing ba't ngd va
hoang mang. Ngay 3-3-1947 da trd thanh mpt md'c son ciia
nganh quan gidi Viet Nam trong viec che tao khi tai, siing
dan. Chien cdng nay gdp phan be gay cupc tien cdng cua dich
ra vung ChUdng My, Qud'c Oai.
Dang va Nha nUdc ta danh gia ra't eao cdng trinh nghien
ciiu Sling bazooka. Nam 1996, Giao sU, Vien si T r i n Dai
Nghia da vinh dii dUdc nhan Giai thudng Hd Chi Minh ve
cdng trinh nghien ciiu che tao bazooka trong nhiing nam dau
khang chidn chd'ng thiic dan Phap.
Sau viec san xua't siing dan bazooka thanh cdng. Cue
Quan gidi chuyen len Vi^t Bac va tiep tue san xua't hang loat
Sling nay. Vii khi eua ta liic nay ra't hiem, rieng bazooka la
loai vii khi quy. Bazooka xua't Men l i n dlu tien tren the gidi
vao Chien tranh thd gidi thii hai (1943) da trd thanh vii khi
dang sd dd'i vdi nhidu ddn vi quan dpi. Tuy nhien, vi§c mdt
da't nude vufa thoat khdi canh thudc dia va niia phong kidn
nhu nUdc ta da ehe tao thanh cdng loai vii khi Men dai nay,
that nhu huyen thoai va la dieu khdng the ngd den cua dich.
Dan bazooka ed tam xa tdi 600m, pham vi sat thUdng tdi
50m, nhUng khdng lam hdng vii khi dd'i phUdng. Vi vay
chiing ta da tich thu dUdc nhieu siing dan eua giac sau mdi
tran thing. Tii khi dUa vad sii dung, bazooka da gay cho dich

69
nhieu tdV tha't ra't Idn. Sung bazooka da trd thanh noi kinh
hoang ciia ke dich, nhUng van cdn nhiing ban che, ching han
nhu tam ban chUa td't, neu ban each xa 100m thi siie edng
pha se kem di...
Ngudi hnh trdng dpi nhiJng vti khi uy liic hdn, tien dung
hdn. Va the la ky sU lai miet mai nghien ciiu, khae phuc
nhiing j'eu diem eua bazooka. Chien sii ngay mot ac liet, ngoai
bazooka chien trUdng can phai cd them vu khi hang nang.
Ong lai dem ngay nghien eUu. Nam 1948, khi vii khi hang
nang bat dau dUde san xua't thi dng ciing dUpc phong quan
ham Thieu tudng, trd thanh 1 trong 11 vi tudng dau tidn cua
quan dpi ta. Khi a'y dng mdi 35 tud'i. Dd'i vdi dng, viec dUde
phong quan ham Thid'u tudng la vinh dii ra't Idn. Hai nam
trudc, khi cdn la mdt ky sU tre, dUdc Bac ddn ve phue vu
khang chien, dng chua bao gid dam nghi de'n dieu nay, du chi
la trong md. NhUng khang chidn da hun due, tdi luyen con
ngudi dng, tii mpt ky sU tre trd thanh mpt Thieu tUdng quan
dpi vdi day dii kinh nghidm viing vang ve siing dng, vii khi chi
trong vdng hai nam trdi. Chi ba'y nhieu thdi ciing dii tha'y eupe
chien tranh ve qud'c cua dan toe ta mang y nghia 16n lao de'n
nhudng nao.
Cudc chien dang vao hoi cam go, khdng dem nao dng cd
dupc mdt gia'c ngii trpn ven. Ong ludn suy nghi v^ cae loai vii
khi mdi, cd uy lUe, ngay ea trong nhiing gia'c ngu ngin ngiii.
Ngay tu dlu khang ehien, cac ed sd quan gidi ciia ta da san
xua't nhieu vu khi nhu liiu dan, min giii ra mat trSn, nhUng
hieu qua ciia chiing khdng Idn. Tran Dai Nghia ludn nghi ve
mdt loai sung that nhe, cd thg' van chuyen, mang vac dd
dang, nhung lai cd siic cdng pha ngang dai bac. Ong nghi tdi
sung khong giat (SKZ). Day la loai vu khi hien dai, mdi xua't

70
Men lan dlu trong tran quan My do bd len dao Okinawa cua
Nhat Ban hdi eudi Chien tranh the gidi thii hai. Ta't nhien,
edng nghe che tao ra nd ra sao, each thiie the nao thi chi
ngUdi My mdi biet.
Ciing cac cdng sU, dng phai lap lai cai cdng viec ma cae
nha sang che My da hoan thanh. Rdi dng da thanh cong. Dd
la loai Sling ra't nhe, chi 20kg, dlu dan 16m cd 160mm, diing
de ban vao nhiing phao dai kien eo cua dich, dlu dan xuyen
thung betdng day hang met. Chi sau SKZ My ma'y nam, SKZ
Viet Nam xua't Men lan dau trong tran Phd'Lu, danh pha tan
tanh eac Idcd't dich. Sau nay, trong cudn Chien tranh Dong
Duong, xua't ban tai Pari nam 1963, ky gia Lucien Bodart
vidt: "Cai thii gay khd khan cho chiing tdi, cai thii xuyen
thung betdng day 60em la nhiing qua dan SKZ. Chi can vai
qua la da tieu diet dUde Idcd't cua chiing tdi"^
Ta da nghien eiiu mat 2 nam mdi thanh edng, trUde dd
khdng mpt tai lieu nao nhac tdi vii khi nay. SKZ da phat huy
tac dung ra't Idn. Gan den Chien dich Dien Bien Phu, Cue
Quan gidi chuyen vao chien trUdng 10 khau SKZ va 100 qua
dan. Sd Sling dan nay da gdp phan giiip anh em chidn si ha
guc nhieu ddn bdt dich.
Cudc chien da'u dang diing trUdc nhidu yeu eau ca'p bach,
ddi hdi cac loai vii khi ngay cang hoan thien hdn. Ta da tao
dUdc nhflng thay ddi Idn tren cue dien chidn trUdng, diy
quan dich vao the cd cum. NhUng chinh liie nay, tinh the
ciing dat ra yeu clu cin cac loai vii khi ed siic tieu diet Idn,
danh nhiing ddn chi mang vao eac diem co cum cua dich.

. Din theo Nguyen Van Dao: Vien si Trdn Bai Nghia, Sdd, tr.31.

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Tuy da nhieu lan nghien ciiu eae loai bom bay mang bi so VI,
V2 cua Diie nhUng bi mat ve cae loai vii khi dd, dng v i n chua
giai ma dUdc. Trong dng ludn nung na'u se cd ngay tao ra mpt
loai vii khi cd uy liie sa'm set. Diia tren thiie dia chidn trUdng,
dng da cd phac hoa ddi net ve loai vii khi nay. Dd la do ta va
dich ludn d the cai rang lUde, vi vay tam hieu qua cua "bom
bay" chi ban ehe tii 3 den 4km, qua dan eiing ehi nang t i m
25 - 30kg.
NhUng va'n de la lam sad de day ea khdi thud'c nd dd di
xa mpt hanh trinh dai tdi ma'y kilomet. Ong da danh toan
bp thdi gian de nghien ciiu phUdng an tdi Uu che tao thud'c
day. Ngay dem may md, cud'i ciing vi§c gi ddn ciing phai
den. PhUdng an ep tiing ldp thud'c vao d'ng thep dUdc dng
nghi den. Va dng thanh edng. Vii khi mdi dUdc k h i n trUdng
san xua't vdi ten gpi "dan bay". Sau dd, nd dUdc ca'p td'c dUa
den cac viing chidn sii khd'c liet. Ndi diing hdn phai gpi la
"bom bay" bdi da triit nhiing ddn sa'm set xud'ng dlu quan
thii. Mdt hang binh sau nay khai: Ngay ea linh cam tii cua
dpi quan le dUdng ciing cd nhieu ke mud'n chay sang hang
ngii Viet Minh de tranh dUde tham canh gay ra bdi mpt loai
vii khi mdi rat khiing khiep, ching kem gi so vdi bom VI,
V2 hdi CMen tranh the gidi thii hai.
Nam 1949, dng dUdc giao ddng thdi hai nhiem vu Cue
trudng Cue Quan gidi va Cue trUdng Cue Phao binh. Ong da
gdp phan quan trpng xay diing liic lUdng phao binh de tham
gia Chien dich Bien gidi nam 1950, sau do la Chien dich Dien
Bien Phii, Chidn dich Ddng - Xuan 1953-1954. Thdi ky nay,
viec dao tao, xay diing dpi ngii can bp phao binh la yeu clu vd
ciing cap bach. Liic dd, Bp Tdng tham mUu thanh lap ba
trung doan phao binh va den nam 1952 thi thanh lap dai
doan phao binh. Dd la ddn vi phao binh dlu tien eua quan
dpi ta, sau nay tham gia Chien dich Dien Bien Phu va gay
nhiing tdn tha't Idn cho quan dich.
Tai Dai hpi CMen si thi dua va can bp gUdng miu toan
qud'c lan thii nha't (1952), dng dupe phong danh hieu Anh
hiing lao dpng (1 trong 3 Anh hiing lao dpng dlu tien cua
nude ta).
Sau ehien thing Dien Bien Phu, midn Bac dUde hoan
toan giai phdng, Trin Dai Nghia dUdc chuyen ra ngoai quan
dpi. NhUng mdt thdi gian sau, dng dUde trd lai de ehe tao vu
khi trong ehien tranh chd'ng My.
Khi cupc khang cMen chdng My, eiiu nude bude vao giai
doan quydt liet, dng dUdc didu ddng trd lai quan dpi, lam
Phd Chu nhiem Tdng cue Hau can, phu trach ky thuat. Dd
ciing la nam dng dUdc b i u lam Vien si Vien Han lam Khoa
hpc Lien Xd - danh vi cao nhat cua nhiing ngUdi lam cdng
tac khoa hpc. Ve lai vdi quan dpi, dng van dung ta't ca
nhiing kinh nghiem quy bau tich luy dUdc trong cudc
khang chidn chd'ng Phap eiing nhU cac kinh nghi§m ra't
phong phii cua the gidi sau Chidn tranh the gidi thii hai.
Dd'i dlu vdi nhiing vii khi, khi tai hien dai va phiic tap cua
My, liic dau ta phai cai tien cac vii khi dUde vien trd. Sau
dd, phai phat tri§n nhidu loai vii khi khae nhau de dich dd'i
phd khd hdn. Tinh hinh ehien trUdng, chien lupc, chien
thuat eua ta cd nhieu diem khac vdi cac nude, bdi vay viec
san xua't them via khi mdi cho thich hdp la rat can thiet,
mac dii viec cai tidn eac vii khi vien trd cung quan trpng
khdng kem. May bay B,52 ciia dich cd tam bay rat cao, cd
siie oanh tac ghe gdm va cd kha nang gay nhieu lam cho
cac rada cua ta khdng the phat hien ra. Tran Dai Nghia da
chi dao nganh quan gidi nghien ciiu tim ra each khIc phuc
cac thu doan gay nhidu tren rada de dieu khien SAM-2 tim
diing muc tieu tieu diet B.52. My dung dii loai vu khi mdi
vdi khdi lupng khong id nhU: bom bi, bom laze, bom tii
trUdng, cay nhiet ddi, tia hdng ngoai, may dem, may thdng
tin... Kem theo dd la cae loai may bay ma ndi tieng nha't
trong so dd phai ke den B.52. Cac nha khoa hoc da hudng
din cho cae ddn vi nhieu bien phap chdng vii khi, chang
han bom tii trudng, each chd'ng ddn gian nha't la diing
manh sat budc vao dau day, keo qua chd cd bom de pha.
Cay nhiet ddi thi la'y day budc cae canh lai lam chiing ma't
tac dung. Bom laze thi dot khdi danh liia. Vdi min la thi ta
ddi phd bang each di theo nhiing con dudng mdn s i n cd,
khdng cd cd, cd the tranh dUdc min. Khi phat hien thi gom
canh la cay vun lai thanh ddng la de ngUdi sau phat hien
dUdc. Dac Met, vdi may bay B.52, loai phao dai bay chien
lupc cua My, ta da nghien ciiu va cd nhiing bien phap dd'i
phd hflu hieu, nhu dung eao xa phdng khong...

Nhiing nghien ciiu, cdng Men ciia dng ciing cac cdng sii
da gdp phan khdng nhd eiing vdi toan dan tpc tao nen chidn
thing oai hiing - Chidn dich Ho Chi Minh lich sii. Ngay 30-4-
1975, mien Nam hoan toan dUpc giai phdng. Ngay lich sii a'y,
ong ghi vao sd tay: Nhiem vu cua Bdc giao cho chiing tdi vd
tap the cdc nhd khoa hgc Viet Nam Id tham gia ve mat vU khi
vd khoa hgc qudn sit trong hai cuoc khdng chien dd dUOc
hodnthdnh.
Ngay sau khi midn Nam dUde giai phdng, thang 5-1975,

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CMnh phu da quydt dinh thanh lap Vien Khoa hpc Viet Nam -
trung tam nghien ciiu khoa hpc Idn nha't ca nUdc vd khoa hpc
tii nhien va mpt sd nganh ky thuat. Vien si T r i n Dai Nghia
liic nay la Chu nhiem Uy ban Khoa hpe va Ky thuat Nha
nude dupe cut kiem chiic vu Vien trudng dau tien ciia Vien
Khoa hpc Viet Nam.
Ban lanh dao Vien phai ganh vac trach nhiem nang nd,
xay dung ndn khoa hpc Viet Nam trong hoan canh vd cung
khd khan, da't nUde viia trai qua hai cudc chien tranh,
thieu thdn du mpi dUdng, tir liic lUdng can bp khoa hpc, cd
sd vat cha't, kinh phi,... NhUng dng v i n ludn danh sii quan
tam dae biet ddn viec bdi dudng thd he tre, dpi ngii nha
khoa hpe gidi.
Hinh anh eiia Tran Dai NgMa ling dpng sau dam trong
tam tri mpi ngUdi la mdt con ngUdi nhan hau, khiem tdn,
binh di. Ta'm ldng dng rdng md vdi mpi ngUdi. Nhiing ngUdi
tiing tidp xiic vdi dng ludn tha'y d dng ve hien lanh binh di ra't
dang mdn. Dii la mdt nha khoa hpe uyen bac, mpt Giao sU,
Vien si nhUng dng ludn khiem nhUdng.
vao hdi 16 gid 20 phiit ngay 9-8-1997, Tran Dai Nghia
tnit hdi thd cud'i ciing. Ong ra di de lai bao ndi tide thUdng va
ldng tdn kinh cho nhflng ngUdi d lai. Noi gUdng dng, ehiing ta
nguyen khdng ngflng hpe tap va tich cUc lao ddng de gdp mpt
phin cdng sflc nho be cua minh cung ea nUdc "sanh vai vdi
cac cUdng qud'c nam chau" nhU Bac Hd mudn van kinh yeu
tflng mong ddi.

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