•intervention(n): action taken to improve or help a situation

/ˌɪntəˈvenʃn/ Ex: In the second group of states, direct intervention in the

economy was limited.
(n)action by a country to become involved in the affairs of another
country when they have not been asked to do so
Ex:NATO intervention in the troubled region
(n)action taken toa medical/surgical intervention
Ex: Most patients make a recovery without further intervention
(n) the act of interrupting somebody when they are speaking in order
to say something
Ex: People resented his repeated interventions in the debate
(n)an occasion when a group of people meet to take action with a
friend or family member who has an addiction to drugs or alcohol, in order to help
them recover
Ex: Her daughters staged an intervention.
Ex: Family intervention is an essential component of treatment for
adolescent drug abuse.
•ruminationnoun(n): the act of thinking deeply about something; deep thoughts about
something (sự tư lự, sự trầm ngâm suy nghĩ,sự ngẫm nghĩ)
/ˌruːmɪˈneɪʃn/ (n): the act of bringing up food from the stomach and chewing it
again (sự nhai lại)
•divert(v): [often passive] to make somebody/something change direction
/daɪˈvɜːt/ Ex: Northbound traffic will have to be diverted onto minor roads.
(v): [often passive] to use money, materials, etc. for a different purpose
from their original purpose
Ex: More of the budget was diverted into promotions.
•on the bottom rung (of the ladder): Occupying the lowest position in a hierarchy,
as in terms of power, influence, respect, etc.
Ex:Tech startups may start on the bottom rung economically, but, given
their business model, they have a very high potential for growth.
•rat race: the way of life of people living and working in a large city where
people compete in an aggressive way with each other in order to be more successful,
earn more money, etc.
Ex: The novel is about a couple who get out of the rat race and buy a
farm in France.
•hard-wired (a) (specialist) (of computer functions) built into the permanent
system and not provided by software
/ˌhɑːdˈwaɪəd/
(a)(of a skill, quality or type of behaviour) present as part of who
you are and the way your brain is made, not learned from experience
Ex: Anxiety is a hardwired response that everyone experiences
•scratch(v): [transitive, intransitive] to rub your skin with your nails, usually
because it is itching
/skrætʃ/ Ex: The dog scratched itself behind the ear.
(v)[transitive, intransitive] to cut or damage your skin slightly with
something sharp
Ex: I'd scratched my leg and it was bleeding.
•spontaneity(n): the quality of being natural rather than planned in advance
/ˌspɒntəˈneɪəti/ Ex: The script has a refreashing spontaneity and sparkle
(n): a way of behaving in which you do what feels natural and good
whenever you want to, rather than planning things first
Ex: I got fed up with his procrastinating and lack of
spontaneity.
•innocence
•penetrating
•insanity
•boldly
•coulrophobia