Introduction to World

Religions and Belief

Systems
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Islam
Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 6: Islam
First Edition, 2020

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Introduction to World
Religions and Belief
Systems
Quarter 1 – Module 6:
Islam
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems – Grade

11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Islam.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or

facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum

while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also

aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into

consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the

body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this

module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to

manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist

the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems – Grade

11 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Islam.

Islam is the religion founded by the Muslim Prophet Muhammad in the 7th
century CE. Abraham's illegitimate son Ishmael is believed to be the prophet of Islam
and the ancestor of Muhammad. Islam is dominant in North Africa, South Asia and
the Middle East. Similar to Christianity Islam is still divided into major Shia and
Sunni sects which are still divided into different sects. Muslims believe in biblical
prophets including Jesus but do not accept the current bible of Jews and Christians
believing that they contain corruption.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

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 What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will
help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module is designed to help the learners understand the elements of

Islam, its Founder, Sacred texts, Doctrines and their God.

At the end of this module, the learner is expected to:

examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamental beliefs, practices, and

related issues of Islam.

(HUMSS_WRB12-I/IIIg-h-6.3)

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 What I Know

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of the correct
answer in your notebook.

1. What is the meaning of the Arabic term “Islam”?

a. Surrender c. Allah
b. Peace be unto you d. Holy God

2. It is the place where Muslims believe that Allah revealed his will to
Muhammad. What is this place?
a. Medina c. Jerusalem
b. Mecca d. Saudi Arabia

3. What is the center of the Islam faith which is expressed in their Shahaddah?
a. There is no god but Jesus Christ, and Muhammad is the messenger.
b. God is the Blessed Trinity: Father, Son and Holy Spirit!
c. There is no god but Muhammad, and Allah is the messenger of
Muhammad!
d. There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah!

4. What is the Sacred text of the Islamic religion which means recitation?
a. Hadith c. Sunna
b. Qur’an d. Shi’a

5. Who is the son of Abraham whom the Muslims believe as their great
ancestor?
a. Isaac c. Sarah
b. Ishmael d. Ephraim

6. He is the founder of Islam.

a. Confucius c. Muhammad
b. Jesus Christ d. Siddhartha Gautama

7. What name is given to a follower of the Islamic religion?

a. Buddhist c. Daoist
b. Confucian d. Muslim
8. What is the place of worships for Muslims?
a. Cathedral c. Synagogue
b. Mosque d. Temple
9. What is the first of the Five Pillars of Islam?
a. Shahada c. Hajj
b. Zalat d. Sawm

10. What the name of the God of the Islamic religion?

a. Adonai c. Buddha
b. Allah d. Jesus Christ

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 Lesson

1 Islam

Islam is the youngest among the world’s major religions but has become the
second largest group with more than 1.5 billion adherents. The Arabic term Islam
means “surrender”, particularly putting oneself totally to the will of the one God
(Manaloto and Rapadas 2016). Muslims share the same belief with Jews and
Christians that God’s covenant with Abraham is the foundation of their faith. The
people of Israel came forth from Isaac, the son of Abraham and Sarah, while Muslims
claim that Abraham became the patriarch of the Arabs through Ishmael, his son by
the Egyptian servant Haggar. Hence, this becomes the start of the widespread faith
of the Muslims that is considered one of the fastest growing religions in the world.
(Ong and Jose 2016)

What’s In

What comes into your mind when you hear the word “Muslim”? Why do you think
so?

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 Notes to the Teacher
This lesson will give the learners the idea on how they will
examine the brief history, core teachings, fundamentals belief,
practices, and doctrines of Islam.

What’s New

‫هللا‬
‫ال هللا محمد رسو ال ا‬
‫ال إله إ ا‬

lā ʾilāha ʾillallāh, Muḥammad rasūlu-llāh

"There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah."

(Manaloto and Rapadas 2016)

These words resound the very heart of the Islamic faith. Muslims repeatedly

pronounce these words to profess their faith in Allah, and to Muhammad as Allah’s

messenger.

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 What is It

Place of Origin Islam began in Arabia in the Middle East

God Allah

Founder Muhammad

Sacred Text The Quran is the central religious text of Islam

Sacred Building Homes or wherever they are, in fact even in the

streets, Muslims also worship in mosques.

Holy Places Temple Mount, Mosque

Major Festivals Ramadan, Eid Al-Fitr and Eid Al-Adha.

Main Branches Sunni, Shi'a, Ibadi, Ahmadiyya, and Sufism

Muhammad was born in the oasis of Mecca around 570 C.E.

He began hearing the voice of God in cave on the summit of Mt. Hira
as God speaks to him in the Arabic language. He first disclosed this
revelation to his wife as he was preaching a new order built upon
the will of God and the people’s submission to him. (Ong and Jose
2016)
Source:
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/673640056740206609/?nic_v1=1amUN6ihDDbi
Xw5fo9B3wjfto%2BgCMz%2ByOMnoYflMY%2BWdiZjBG7PTxyaMAfFvLFePUe

The term “Islam” is an Arabic word that means

“submission.” As cited from Ong and Jose 2016), Islam
means “to surrender or submit oneself for obedience to
God” or “to enter into a condition of peace and security
with God through allegiance and surrender to him.
More so, a Muslim is “a person who surrenders or
submit himself to obey God.
Source: https://p.kindpng.com/picc/s/486-4867925_islam-png-
muslim-symbol-png-transparent-png.png

8
 Muslims also believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a
primordial faith that was revealed through the prophets including Adam, Abraham,
Moses and Jesus, and the Quran in its Arabic to be the unaltered and final revelation
of God. The prophet Muhammad alone has revealed the undiluted truths from Allah,
which is expressed in Quran (Manaloto and Rapadas 2016).

Muslims call God Allah which is a compound name al (the definite article,
the) and ilah (god or deity) or “the one who is God.” Muhammad preaches that there
can only be one God (Ong and Jose 2016). This makes the Islam faith a monotheistic
religion in line with Judaism and Christianity.

In 632 C.E., Muhammad died at the age of 62 after battling against the pagan
believers around him about the religion he is about to establish. His successful
preaching of Allah spread across the entire Arabian Peninsula and to the whole
world. (Ong and Jose 2016)

The Sacred Scriptures

Qur’an (Koran) is the sacred text of Islam which means “recitation” or

“reading”. It is believed to be the revelation of God of his speech which is also the
foundation of the Islamic faith. When Muhammad first received Allah’s revelation in
610 C.E., he was commanded by the Angel Gabriel to “iqra” or “recite”. Hence,
Muslims believe that the Quran is a copy of the eternal scripture written in heaven
which was revealed to Muhammad chapter by chapter (Manaloto and Rapadas 2016).
Allah revealed these messages through Muhammad for twenty-three years and
memorized them all since he is apparently illiterate. It was only twenty years after
the death of Muhammad that the Qur’an had officially been written which was
virtually unaltered ever since that guides all Muslims in every stage of their lives. A
person who memorized the whole of the Qur’an is called hafiz (guardian) while the
female counterpart is called hafiza. (Ong and Jose 2016)

The chapters of the Qur’an are called surahs while the verses are ayahs. The
Fatihah (The Opening) below is the Qur’an’s most frequently recited segment:

“In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful

Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the Words;
Most Gracious, Most Merciful;
Master of the Day of Judgement.
You do we worship and Your aid we seek.
Show us the straight way,
The way of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace, those whose (portion) is
not wrath, and who go not astray.”
(Ong and Jose 2016)

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 Citing from Ong and Jose (2016), the HADITH, is the collection of the deeds
and sayings of Muhammad and his followers (traditional reports or saying) and the
second source of shari’a law. The hadiths were collected generations after the death
of Muhammad. The hadiths are recognized as second authority after the Quran.

Beliefs/ Doctrines

The Five Pillars of Islam

First Pillar: Shahada (Profession of Faith/ The Creed)

The first pillar of Islam is the Shahada, the assertion of faith. There is no God,
but Allah and Muhammad are his messenger”. It is essential to utter it to become a
Muslim and to convert to Islam. The creed asserts the divinity of Allah and that he
revealed his message to Muhammad. Denying the shahada is tantamount to a
serious crime punishable by the Islamic law. (Ong and Jose 2016)

Second Pillar: Salat (Obligatory Prayer)

Before prayer is observed, ablutions are performed including washing one’s

hand, face and feet. Verses from Quran are recited either loudly or silently. These
prayers are very specific type, and these are done five times a day, at a set strict time
with the individual facing Mecca. The prayers are performed at dawn (as-subh), noon
(az-zhur), mid-afternoon (al-asr), evening or immediately after sunset (al-maghreb)
and before midnight (al-isha). Aside from salat, Muslims can utter their prayer
anywhere in any circumstances, provided they are facing Mecca. (Ong and Jose 2016)

Third Pillar: Zakat (Almsgiving/ Poor Tax)

Zakat means purification which indicates that a payment makes the rest of
ones’ wealth legally or religiously pure. By following this pillar, Muslims have to
deduct certain amount of their income to support the Islamic community and it is
usually about 2.5% of an individual’s income. This is not merely charity but an
annual wealth tax to help the poor and the affluent. (Ong and Jose 2016)

Fourth Pillar: Sawm (Fasting)

Fasting takes place during the month of Ramadan, which is the holy month
in the Islamic Calendar (lunar calendar). The fasting occurs from dawn to sunset
each day during which time believes are expected to prohibit themselves from any
food, drink, sexual intercourse or smoking. However, after sunset or before dawn,
individuals can participate in any of the actions previously stated as desire. Ramadan
is a period of reflection when Muslims are called upon to recharge their faith,
10
 increment their charity and make apology to Allah. Any Muslim who has reached the
age of puberty must undertake sawm. (Ong and Jose 2016)

Fifth Pillar: Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca)

During one’s life, a Muslim is required to make a pilgrimage to Mecca during

the 12thmonth of the lunar calendar. This ritual consists of making journey to Mecca
wearing only 2 white sheets, so all of the pilgrims are identical and there is no class
distinction among them. The Grand Mosque in Mecca houses the most sacred site in
Islam, the Kaaba (Black Stone) which they believe is the place where Muhammad
received Allah’s divine revelation.

Sacred Building

A Mosque or Masjid (“place of prostration”) is a place of

Source:
https://www.kindpng.com/imgv/iTiom
Rh_politics-clipart-masjid-dome-
mosque-easy-clip-art/
worship for followers of Islam. Informal and open-air
places of worship are called musalla, mosques used for
communal prayer on Fridays are known as jāmi. Mosque
buildings typically contain an ornamental niche (mihrab)
set into the wall that indicates the direction of Mecca,
ablution facilities and minarets from which calls to
prayer are issues. (Ong and Jose 2016)

Worship and Observances

Table is taken from (Ong and Jose 2016).

MONTH
Month 1: Muharram (“The Sacred Month”)
Month 3: Rabai al-Awai (“The Spring”)
Month 9: Ramadan (The Month of Great
Heat”)
FESTIVITIES/SIGNIFICANCE
• The Islamic year starts in the day of
the hijra, Muhammad’s journey from
Mecca to Medina in 622 CE.
• Ashura: the assassination of the
Imam Husayn at Karbala in 680 CE
is commemorated on the 10th by the
Shi’ite Muslims
• Birth of the Prophet Muhammad on
the 12th
• Muslims do not eat or drink during
the daylight hours throughout the
month.
• Laylat al-Qadr: the commemoration
of the first revelation to the prophet is
often celebrated on the 27th.

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 Moth 10: Shawwal: (“The Month of • ‘Id al-Fitr: The Festival of the
Hunting”) Breaking of the Fast and the
beginning of Shawwal concluded the
fasting season.
Moth 12: Dhu al-Hijja (“The Month of Hajj”) • Month of pilgrimage (Hajj) to Mecca.
• Yawn Arafat: on the 9th, fasting
pilgrims perform the wuquf standing
in front of God on Mt. Arafat.
• ‘Id al-Adha: The Festival of the
Sacrifice on the 10th recalls the
sacrificial ram God gave to Abraham
in place of his son and coincides with
the end of Hajj.

Subdivisions

Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of

Islam, followed by 90% of the world's Muslims. Sunni
comes from the word Sunnah (Followers of the
Smooth Path), that refers to the behavior of
Muhammad the Islamic prophet. They are
traditionalists and considered to be the Orthodox of
Islam. (Ong and Jose 2016)

Source:
https://www.scientologyreligion.pt/blog/kazak
h-sunni-muslim-given-5-year-sentence-for-
talking-about-islam.html

Shia Islam, also known as Shi’ism, originated

as a response to questions of Islamic religious
leadership which became manifest as early as the
death of Muhammad. They are the largest faction that
separated from the community. The main Shi’ite
sects are the Seveners, Twelvers, and ‘Ibadis. (Ong
and Jose 2016)
Source: https://www.irantravelingcenter.com/sufism/

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 Sufis are Muslims who are more concerned to
dwell in mystical union with God. The word originally
came from suf which means “woolen” or the garment
they are wearing that symbolizes poverty and
denunciation of earthly pleasures. It began very early
in Islamic history that represents the manifestation
and also the most important and the central
crystallization of mystical practices of Muslims. (Ong
and Jose 2016)
Source:
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/75245305022
2287831/?nic_v1=1a%2FrA3cA6w30esHUOA
fx9SiFQbSMwcu2gZaLHaIejxuqHbcKRTFRdY
4K22T6rHt5He

Selected Issues Concerning Islam

The Holy War (Jihad) is a controversial

requirement given to Muslims by their faith which
is usually mistranslated term. Jihad literally
means “effort” or “Struggle” pertaining to the
pursuance of a Muslim way of life. This is often
taken literally by the Jihadist to go into war by
wiping out those who do not adhere the Islamic
faith. On the one hand, Muslims can opt to perform
Jihad among themselves as they struggle towards
life, and not to choose violence. (Ong and Jose
Source:
2016)
https://live.staticflickr.com/5507/18828627136_ca
f39d4167_b.jpg

People tend to associate Muslims as

terrorists because of the many instances of war
and chaos related to Islam believers (i.e. ISIS, Abu
Sayaff, Maute group, etc.). However, as cited from
Ong and Jose (2016), is “a religion of mercy that
prohibits terrorism.” War and destruction of
human lives and properties do not embody the
ideals of the Islam faith. That is why it is wrong to
speculate that all Muslims are terrorists. Those
Muslims who participate in terrorisms are
completely abhorred by the Islamic religion.

Source:
https://live.staticflickr.com/4025/4661784234_e81ed5
42e6_b.jpg

13
 What’s More

Watch the National Geographic documentary on YouTube entitled Inside

Islam using the link below and answer in your notebook the guide questions for
reflection afterwards.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gx_PuMvpdkA

Guide questions for reflection:

1. What is the real essence of becoming a believer of the Islamic religion as
shown in the video documentary?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. What are the things that you have learned from the documentary? Cite
concrete examples.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

3. Do you believe that Muslims promote violence and terrorism? Why? State
your opinion.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Rubrics for the Activity

5 The question was answered very clearly and definitively.
4 The question was answered clearly and definitively
3 The question was treated quite clearly and definitively.
2 The question was poorly answered
1 The question was not answered well.

14
 What I Have Learned

Make a Reflective Journal with two to three sentences based on the discussion
by starting with the following statements.

I learned that ____________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

I believed that ___________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

And now I knew that _____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
Quality of The opinion The opinion The The opinion The
Writing given is is opinion is is not opinion is
excellent. informative quite related to poorly
and vague and the done.
organized. general. concepts
discussed.
Grammar No Few errors in Minimal Numerous Poor
Usage grammatical spelling and number of numbers of grammar
errors. punctuations errors errors in usage
spelling and
punctuation

15
 What I Can Do

Explain: The core teaching of Islam is there is only one God and Muhammad

is his final and greatest messenger. Make use of the ideas presented in the

discussion. Write an essay regarding the given topic in your notebook.

The core teaching of Islam is there is only one God and Muhammad is his final
and greatest messenger.

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
Quality of The opinion The opinion The The opinion The
Writing given is is opinion is is not opinion is
excellent. informative quite related to poorly
and vague and the done.
organized. general. concepts
discussed.
Grammar No Few errors in Minimal Numerous Poor
Usage grammatical spelling and number of numbers of grammar
errors. punctuations errors errors in usage
spelling and
punctuation

16
 Assessment

Answer the following questions exhaustively. Write your answers in your notebook.
1. In what way is Islam similar to Judaism and Christianity?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is the importance of the adherence of the Muslims to the Five Pillars of
Islam?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

3. What do you think is the reason behind the negative notions of people against
Muslims regarding terrorism and violence?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

4. How can you help people change their negative perceptions against Muslims?
Defend your answer.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Criteria 5 4 3 2 1
Quality of The opinion The opinion The The opinion The
Writing given is is opinion is is not opinion is
excellent. informative quite related to poorly
and vague and the done.
organized. general. concepts
discussed.
Grammar No Few errors in Minimal Numerous Poor
Usage grammatical spelling and number of numbers of grammar
errors. punctuations errors errors in usage
spelling and
punctuation

17
 Additional Activities

Make a poster spreading awareness about Islam and the good things about

their religion to get rid of the people’s prejudices and biases against them. You will

be graded using the rubrics below.

RUBRICS FOR POSTER-MAKING (Ong and Jose 2016)

CRITERIA DESCRIPTION POINTS POINTS
OBTAINED

Organization The concept was 10

clearly and
creatively conveyed

Content The illustrations 5

were appropriate
to the theme

Visual The idea was 5

Presentation clearly presented
based on the
pictures and words
used.

Total: 20

18
19
What I know
1. a 6. c
2. b 7. d
3. d 8. b
4. b 9. a
5. b 10. b
Answer Key
References

Manaloto, Christian B., and Maria Teresita R. Rapadas. 2016. Pilgrimage to Sacred
Spaces: An Introduction to World Religions. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing
House Inc.

Ong , Jerome A., and Mary Dorothy dL. Jose. 2016. Introduction to World Religions
and Belief Systems: Textbook. Quezon City: Vibal Group, Inc.
http://religious-symbols.net/islam-symbols.html

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org
%2Fwiki%2FFile%3AIslamicSymbol.png&psig=AOvVaw0G8wjMiV8BrXQpglp
SWC4d&

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/673640056740206609/?nic_v1=1amUN6ihDDbiXw
5fo9B3wjfto%2BgCMz%2ByOMnoYflMY%2BWdiZjBG7PTxyaMAfFvLFePUe

https://p.kindpng.com/picc/s/486-4867925_islam-png-muslim-symbol-png-
transparent-png.png

https://www.kindpng.com/imgv/iTiomRh_politics-clipart-masjid-dome-mosque-
easy-clip-art/

https://www.scientologyreligion.pt/blog/kazakh-sunni-muslim-given-5-year-
sentence-for-talking-about-islam.html

https://www.irantravelingcenter.com/sufism/

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/752453050222287831/?nic_v1=1a%2FrA3cA6w30e
sHUOAfx9SiFQbSMwcu2gZaLHaIejxuqHbcKRTFRdY4K22T6rHt5He

https://live.staticflickr.com/5507/18828627136_caf39d4167

https://live.staticflickr.com/4025/4661784234_e81ed542e6_b.jpg

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpixabay.com%2Fphotos%2
Fislam-mecca-kaaba-religion-
3782623%2F&psig=AOvVaw0aVdi7NatuB6qVRSPyubzS&ust=159471572466
9000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCLDnw5jpyeoCFQAAAAA
dAAAAABAD

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gx_PuMvpdkA

20
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph