Government Polytechnic, Washim

A
MICRO PROJECT REPORT
ON
NAME OF

PREPARE A LABELLED ClAY MODEL AND OTHER MATERIALS OF

GAS FIRED THERMAL POWER PLANT.

OF

Subject- Electrical Power Generation (22327)

Submitted By
Student Name
Mr.Pratham Dipaksingh Ajmire Ms.Poonam Sunil Digraskar
Mr.Abhay Rajendra Bhadade. Ms.Sanika Namdeo Khthole

Subject Teacher H.O.D.

Mr. A. N. Wankhade Sir Mr. M. S. Kherde Sir
(Lecturer in Electrical.Department) (Electrical Department)

Principal

Dr. B. G. Gawalwad Sir

Government Polytechnic, Washim

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
2022-2023
 Government Polytechnic, Washim

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that

Mr.Pratham Dipaksingh Ajmire Ms.Poonam Sunil Digraskar

Mr.Abhay Rajendra Bhadade. Ms Sanika Namdeo Khthole

Second year Student of Engineering has submitted a MICRO PROJECT report on

PREPARE A LABEL MODEL AND OTHER MATERIAL OF GAS FIRE

THERMAL POWER PLANT

During the academic session 2022-2023 in a satisfactory manner in the partial fulfillment for the
requirement of

Subject –Electrical Power Generation (22327)

for the Diploma in “Electrical Engineering ”

Awarded by
Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai.

Subject Teacher H.O.D

Mr. A. N. Wankhade Sir Mr. M. S. Kherde Sir
(Lecturer in Electrical Department) (Electrical Department)
``

Principal
Dr. B. G. Gawalwad sir

Government Polytechnic, Washim

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

 Submitted By The Group Of

Roll No Name Of Student Enrollment

2200310417
41. Abhay Rajendra Bhadade

2200310417
42. Poonam Sunil Digraskar

2200310418
Sanika Namdeo kthole
43.

45. Pratham Dipaksingh Ajmire 2200310420

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23 Page 2

Certificate
This is to certify that Mr/Miss.
_________________________________________________________Roll No.
___
Of Semester 3nd of Diploma in Electrical Engineering [EE3I] of Institute,
Government Polytechnic, Washim (0031) has complete their micro project
satisfactory in Course _________________________________ for academic year
2022-23.
Place : Washim
Enrollment No. :
Date:

Subject Teacher H. O. D
Mr. A. N. Wankhade Sir Mr. M. S. Kherde Sir

Principal
Dr. B. G. Gawalwad sir

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

Table of contents

Sr. No Contents Page no

1 Introduction 1

2 Plant types 2-3

3 Green house emissions 4

4 Hydrogen 5-6

5 Advantages and disadvantage 7

6 Natural gas power plant 8-10

7 Gas fired plant 11

8 How does the gas fired power station work 12-13

9 Reference 14

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Introduction
A gas-fired power plant or gas-fired power
station or natural gas power plant is a thermal
power station which burns natural gas to generate
electricity. Natural gas power stations generate
almost a quarter of world electricity and a significant
part of global greenhouse gas emissions and
thus climate change.[3] However they can provide
seasonal dispatchable generation to
balance variable renewable
energy where hydropower or interconnectors are
not available.

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Natural gas is combusted in a gas turbine
burner which drives a generator to
produce electricity. The hot exhaust
gases coming from the gas turbine are
sent to a heat recovery steam generator
(HRSG) to generate either subcritical or
supercritical steam. The steam is directly
sent to a turbine / generator unit to
produce additional electricity, then
passed through a condenser to convert it
into demineralized water again.
Sulzer provides gas and steam turbine
services to support you and make your
power train operation more reliable and
flexible. We develop service solutions for
all your rotating equipment in a gas-fired
process.

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Plant types
1.Simple cycle gas-turbine

In a simple cycle gas-turbine, also known as

open-cycle gas-turbine (OCGT), hot gas drives
a gas turbine to generate electricity. This type
of plant is relatively cheap to build and can
start very quickly, but due to its lower efficiency
is at most is only run for a few hours a day as
a peaking power plant.[4]

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2.Combined cycle gas-turbine (CCGT)

CCGT power plants consist of simple cycle gas-

turbines which use the Brayton cycle, followed by
a heat recovery steam generator and a steam
turbine which use the Rankine cycle. The most
common configuration is two gas-turbines
supporting one steam turbine.[5] They are more
efficient than simple cycle plants and can achieve
efficiencies up to 55% and dispatch times of around
half an hour.

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Construction, which cost $386 million, began in
2001; the station began delivering power to
customers in 2009. Its nominal capacity is 530 MW,
with a peak capacity of 580 MW. It generates
electricity using two combustion turbines, paired
with heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs) that
power one steam turbine. The facility is owned and
operated by Pacific Gas and Electric
Company (PG&E).
Reciprocating engine
Reciprocating internal combustion engines tend to
be under 20MW, so much smaller than other types
of natural gas-fired electricity generator, and are
typically used for emergency power or to balance
variable renewable energy such as wind

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

Greenhouse gas emissions
In total gas-fired power stations emit about 450
grams (1 lb) of CO2 per kilowatt-hour of electricity
generated.[8][9] This is about half that of coal-fired
power stations but much more than nuclear power
plants and renewable energy.[8] Life-cycle
emissions of gas-fired power stations may be
impacted by methane emissions such as from gas
leaks.[10]
Carbon capture
As of 2022 very few power plants have carbon
capture and storage or carbon capture and
utilization.[11]

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Hydrogen
Gas-fired power plants can be modified to run
on hydrogen[12] and according to General
Electric a more economically viable option than
CCS would be to use more and
more hydrogen in the gas turbine fuel.
[13] Hydrogen can at first be created from
natural gas through steam reforming, or by
heating to precipitate carbon, as a step towards
a hydrogen economy, thus eventually reducing
carbon emissions.[14]
Hydrogen is nonmetallic, except at extremely high
pressures, and readily forms a single covalent
bond with most nonmetallic elements, forming
compounds such as water and nearly all organic
compounds. Hydrogen plays a particularly important
role in acid–base reactions because these reactions
usually involve the exchange of protons between
soluble molecule

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

Economics
1.New plants
Sometimes a new battery storage power
station together with solar power or wind power is
cheaper in the long-term than building a new gas
plant, as the gas plant risks becoming a stranded
asset.[15
2.Existing plants
As of 2019 a few gas-fired power plants are being
retired because they are unable to stop and start
quickly enough.[16] However, despite the falling
cost of variable renewable energy most existing gas-
fired power plants remain profitable, especially in
countries without a carbon price, due to
their dispatchable generation and because shale
gas and liquefied natural gas prices have fallen since
they were built.[17] Even in places with a carbon
price, such as the EU, existing gas-fired power
stations remain economically viable, partly due to
increasing restrictions on coal-fired power because
of its pollution.[18]

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Advantages of gas firedThermal Power Plant.
1.One of the main advantages of thermal power is the low
cost of power generation
2. The plants use fossil fuels to generate power which is
still abundant and economical.
3. The use of thermal power to generate electrical power
has been an age-old mechanism that is still contributing
to a major part of electrical.
Disadvantages of gas fired Thermal Power Plant.
1. Thermal plants require a large amount of water to
produce steam that can drive the turbines to produce
electricity. The huge requirement of water causes a
serious impact on water sources in rivers, lakes, and
groundwater.
2. The fuels used to produce thermal power are
exhaustible
3. Thermal power generation requires the extraction of
coal and natural oil from the earth which causes
depletion of these fossil fuels.

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

Natural gas power plants.

Natural gas power plants generate electricity by

burning natural gas as their fuel. There are many
types of natural gas power plants which all generate
electricity, but serve different purposes. All natural
gas plants use a gas turbine; natural gas is added,
along with a stream of air, which combusts and
expands through this turbine causing a generator to
spin a magnet, making electricity.

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Natural gas power plants are cheap and quick to
build. They also have very high thermodynamic
efficiencies compared to other power plants.
Burning of natural gas produces
fewer pollutants like NOx, SOx and particulate
matter than coal and oil.[2] On the other hand,
natural gas plants have significantly
higher emissions than a nuclear power plant. This
means that air quality tends to improve (ie.
reduces smog) when switching to natural gas plants
from coal plants—but nuclear power does even
more to improve air quality.
Despite the improved air quality, natural gas plants
significantly contribute to climate change, and that
contribution is growing (see pollutant vs greenhouse
gas).[3] Natural gas power plants produce
considerable carbon dioxide, although less than coal
plants do. On the other hand, the process of getting
natural gas from where it's mined to the power
plants leads to considerable release
of methane (natural gas that leaks into
the atmosphere). As long as natural gas plants are
used to produce electricity their emissions will
continue to warm the planet.

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

Types.
There are two types of natural gas power
plants: Simple cycle gas plants and combined
cycle gas plants. The former consists of a gas
turbine connected to a generator and the latter
consists of a simple cycle plant, combined with
another external combustion engine, operating on
the Rankine cycle—hence its name "combined
cycle".
The simple cycle is simpler but less efficient than
the combined cycle. However, simple cycle plants
are able to dispatch faster than coal-fired power
plants or nuclear plants. This means they can be
turned on or off faster in order to meet societies
electricity needs.[4] Often needed on
the grid with wind power and solar power, its
purpose is to meet the fluctuating electricity needs
of society, known as peaking power. Combined
cycle plants are more efficient because it makes use
of the hot exhaust gases that would otherwise be
dispelled from the system.

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Gas-fired power generation

We offer efficient repair and maintenance

services for rotating equipment like gas
turbines, compressors, pumps, and
generators. Our pumps cover applications
from boiler feed to condensate extraction.
We produce critical turbine components.

Two cycles are combined in one single

plant. In a combined-cycle power plant,
approximately 2/3 of the electricity
generation comes from the gas turbine
Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.
set and 1/3 comes from the steam turbine
set.

How does a gas-fired power station work?

Gas-fired power stations burn natural gas
to produce electricity.

There are two main ways they do this –

open cycle and combined cycle.

Open Cycle Gas Turbine

Open-cycle production is the most

common method. Natural gas is burned to
create a pressurised gas, which powers a
turbine that is connected to a generator.
The turbine turns the magnets in the
generator to create electricity.

Combined Cycle

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The Combined-Cycle Gas & Steam Turbine
(CCGT) plant generates energy using two
different types of turbines in combination:
a gas turbine and a steam turbine. In
essence, it recycles its fuel to maximise
its electricity output.
Pelican Point Power Station Energy Generation
Process

 Natural gas arrives at the power station via a

pipeline.

 Air is drawn through filters and then compressed

Micro Project, Dept. EE, GP Washim 2022-23. Page 3.

  The natural gas is mixed with the compressed air,
and this mixture is then burnt in a combustor.

References
1. ^ "Data & Statistics". International Energy

2. World gross electricity production by source, 2019 – Charts – Data

Statistics". International Energy Agency. Retrieved

3. Clean fuel? Methane leaks threaten natural gas' climate-friendly image

4. https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Simple_cycle_gas_plant

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