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Chapter 4: Young Adults and the Transition to Adulthood
Multiple Choice
1. Which of the following is not true about the legal definition of adulthood?
*a. You have to be 22 to rent a car
b. You have to be 21 to drink and purchase alcohol
c. You have to be 18 to vote and serve on juries
d. You have to be 18 to serve in armed forces
Answer location: Defining the Transition to Adulthood
Difficulty level: Easy
2. According to sociologists which of the following is one of the Big 5 indicators of adulthood?
a. Finishing school
b. Having sex
c. Getting married
*d. Both a and c are correct
Answer location: Defining the Transition to Adulthood
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
3. According to sociologists which of the following is not one of the Big 5 indicators of adulthood?
*a. Graduating college
b. Moving out of the parental home
c. Having children
d. Getting a full time job
Answer location: Defining the Transition to Adulthood
Difficulty level: Medium
4. At what age do most Americans think that young adults should be financially independent, living away from
parents and working full-time?
a. 19
*b. 21
c. 25
d. 31
Answer location: Defining the Transition to Adulthood
Difficulty level: Medium
5. At what age do most Americans think that young adults should be married with children?
a. 19
b. 21
*c. 26
d. 31
Answer location: Defining the Transition to Adulthood
Difficulty level: Medium
6. In the pre-Industrial United States who was often expected to remain at home and care for their aging
parents?
*a. Youngest daughter
b. Oldest daughter
c. Oldest son
d. Youngest son
Answer location: Transition to Adulthood in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Medium
8. Which of the following phrases was used by Japanese families in the 1990s and 2000s to describe the social
occurrence of young adults completing life transitions at later ages?
*a. Parasite singles
b. Failure to launch
c. Delayed adulthood
d. Prolonged adolescence
Answer location: Transition to Adulthood in the Early 21st Century
Difficulty level: Hard
10. According to Ciabattari, what ideology do young adults feel is out of reach?
a. American work ethic
*b. American dream
c. Religious ideology
d. None of the above
Answer location: Economic Uncertainty and Higher Education
Difficulty level: Medium
11. What is the contemporary medium age for a young man to get married in the U.S.?
a. 21
b. 30
*c. 29
d. 25
Answer location: Changing Patterns of Family Formation
Difficulty level: Medium
12. What is the contemporary medium age for a young woman to get married in the U.S.?
a. 21
*b. 27
c. 29
d. 25
Answer location: Changing Patterns of Family Formation
Difficulty level: Medium
14. According to Ciabattari, which of the following is a reason that an increasing amount of young people
remain financially dependent on their parents into their twenties?
a. Expansion of higher education
b. The generation x effect
c. Low wages
*d. Both a and b are correct
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Medium
15. Schoeni and Ross (2005) estimate that “on average” parents provide what amount in material assistance
to help their young adult transition into adulthood?
a. $15,000
b. $50,000
c. $10,000
d. $38,000
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Hard
16. Which of the following were included in Schoeni and Ross’s (2005) conceptualization of material assistance
that parents provide young adults?
a. Food
b. Direct cash assistance
c. Emotional support
*d. Both a and b are correct
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Medium
17. Which of the following was not included as an example of material assistance that parents provide young
adults?
a. Emotional support
b. Social support
c. Educational expenses
*d. Both a and b are correct
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Medium
18. On average, how much did middle-class parents contribute to their children’s educational expenses in
2014–2015?
a. $4,300
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
*b. $6,000
c. $9,700
d. $15,000
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Hard
19. On average, how much did low-income parents contribute to their children’s educational expenses in
2014-2015?
*a. $4,300
b. $6,000
c. $9,700
d. $15,000
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Hard
20. On average, how much did high-income parents contribute to their children’s educational expenses in
2014–2015?
a. $4,300
b. $6,000
c. $9,700
*d. $15,000
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Hard
21. Which of the following statements is true regarding the living arrangements of young adults in 2012?
a. The majority of young men aged 25 to 34 lived with roommates
b. The majority of young women aged 25 to 34 lived with a parent
*c. The majority of young women aged 25 to 34 lived with a spouse
d. Both a and c are correct
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Hard
22. Which of the following was one of the reasons given to explain why the social practice of dating began in
the lower classes U.S. families?
a. Lower family values
b. Parents did not have time to monitor them in the home
*c. There was not room in the home to entertain
d. All of the above
Answer location: Dating in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Hard
23. Which activist crusaded for women’s sexual autonomy in the 20th century?
*a. Margaret Sanger
b. Betty Davis
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
24. What two decades were revolutionary regarding sexuality in the U.S.?
a. 1910s and 1950s
*b. 1920s and 1960s
c. 1970s and 1980s
d. 1960s and 1990s
Answer location: Dating in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Hard
25. What decade in U.S. history is the label “sexual revolution” usually applied to?
a. 1950s
*b. 1960s
c. 1980s
d. 1940s
Answer location: Dating in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Easy
27. According to the author, traditional heterosexual dating practices in the U.S. have been replaced by what
new trend?
a. Monogamy
b. Polyandry
*c. Hookup culture
d. Abstinence
Answer location: Decline of Dating and the Rise of Hookup Culture
Difficulty level: Medium
28. Which of the following sequences best describes 21st-century dating practices?
a. Asking out on a date, going to see a movie, taking the girl home – then repeating before “going steady”
*b. Casually hanging out, hooking up and then becoming a romantic couple
c. Hooking up with a stranger and then expecting a romantic relationship
d. None of the above
Answer location: Decline of Dating and the Rise of Hookup Culture
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
True/False
29. About 70% of college students report that they have sexually hooked up with at least one person that they
were not romantically dating by their senior year.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Decline of Dating and the Rise of Hookup Culture
Difficulty level: Medium
30. About half of contemporary teenagers have sex during their high school years.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Decline of Dating and the Rise of Hookup Culture
Difficulty level: Easy
31. The United States has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates in the developed world.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Decline of Dating and the Rise of Hookup Culture
Difficulty level: Easy
32. In the 21st century the traditional heterosexual date, where a boy asks a girl out, picks her up, treats her to
a movie or dinner and then takes her home is no longer common.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Dating in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Medium
33. The social practice of dating first emerged in middle-class families in the U.S..
a. True
*b. False
Answer location: Dating in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Medium
34. Co-residence between young adults and their parents can be understood as a positive sign of family
solidarity and support which is a healthy interdependence between the generations.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Easy
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
35. More than three quarters of single mothers live with their parents at some point after the birth of their
child.
a. True
*b. False
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Medium
36. In 2012 only 10% of young women aged 25 to 34 years lived with their parents.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Changing Relationships with Parents
Difficulty level: Medium
37. Eighty percent of young women who have a child in their early twenties are single or cohabitating rather
than married.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Changing Patterns of Family Formation
Difficulty level: Medium
38. From a contemporary perspective, young people are partnering at about the same time that their parents
did.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Changing Patterns of Family Formation
Difficulty level: Medium
39. Graduation rates at community colleges are higher than those at four year universities.
a. True
*b. False
Answer location: Economic Uncertainty and Higher Education
Difficulty level: Medium
40. The percentage of Americans with a college degree has tripled since 1970.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Transition to Adulthood in the Early 21st Century
Difficulty level: Medium
41. Only about half of Americans believe that today’s youth are likely to have a better life than their parents.
*a. True
b. False
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
42. As late as 1900 a 16 year old black male was twice as likely to be in the labor force as he was to be in
school.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Transition to Adulthood in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Medium
43. As late as 1900 a 16 year old white male was as likely to be in the labor force as he was to be in school.
*a. True
b. False
Answer location: Transition to Adulthood in Historical Context
Difficulty level: Medium
44. The pathway to adulthood looks similar for young people in different social locations.
a. True
*b. False
Answer location: Introduction
Difficulty level: Easy
Short Answer/Essay
47. Using three examples from the reading discuss how the relationship between young adults and their
parents has changed over the last fifty years.
48. Construct an essay describing three specific ways that your social class of origin has influenced your life.
49. Using examples from the reading explain how the social practice of dating has changed.
Instructor Resources
Ciabattari, Sociology of Families: Change, Continuity, and Diversity
SAGE Publishing, 2017
50. Using examples from the reading discuss how the image of popularity has changed within the social
practice of dating.
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immoral :
— Le poète est comme la guerre. Il est le plus utile à l’homme,
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— Tu ne tueras point, dit le soldat.
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