HOLY CROSS OF HAGONOY, INC.

Poblacion, Hagonoy Davao del Sur

Government Permit No: 16 s 1968 SEC NO. 32063
A.Y. 2023-2024

Learning Plan in General Mathematics

Quarter/Semester: First
Date:
St. Louis Bertrand - Aug. 14, 15, 16, 18, 2023
St. Thomas - Aug. 15, 16, 17, 18, 2023
A. OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to
a. represents real-life situations using functions, including piece-wise
function(M11GM-Ia-1)
b. evaluates a function(M11GM-Ia-2);
c. performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and composition of
functions(M11GM-Ia-3);
d. solves problems involving functions(M11GM-Ia-4)
B. SUBJECT MATTER
TOPIC: Functions and their graphs
INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS: graphing paper, meter stick,
REFERENCES: General Mathematics. Manila; Diwa Store; Inc. pg. 21-36
Values Integration: (truth)
As a student, truth must prevail in taking responsibility of his/her study. In life, we
need to know our functions and be truthful for us to be guided on the path that we are
going to take/face. Because I believe that being truthful leads you in having a bright
future.
I. PRELIMINARIES
a. GREETINGS
b. PRAYER
c. CHECKING OF ATTENDANCE
d. MOTIVATION

“Math Investigation”
Direction: The students must follow the given steps.
1. Think of a number.
2. Multiply it by 3.
3. Add 6.
4. Divide this number by 3.
5. Subtract the number from Step 1 from the answer in Step 4.

II. LESSON PROPER

A. ACTIVITY
Directions: Determine whether or not each relation is a function. Put a check ( ) on the
space provided that correspond your answer.
1. {(1 ,2),(2 , 5),(3 , 10),(4 ,17)}
2.
INPUT OUTPUT
1 2
2 4
3 6

3.
4.

B. ANALYSIS-
1. Are all functions considered relations? Why do you say so?
2. Are all relations considered as function? Why do you say so?
3. How will you identify that the given relations are functions??
C. ABSTRACTION

Day 1
 FUNCTION
-It is a relation in which each element of the domain corresponds to exactly one element of the
range. The members of the domain can be called inputs and the members of the range can be
called outputs. Arrows can be used to describe correspondences in the function.

DOMAIN RANGE
I

L 2

O 3

V 4

E 5

M 6

A 8

{(I,4),(L,5), (O,6), (V,8), (E,3), (M,6), (A,2), (T,8), (H,4)}

EXAMPLE 1: Determine whether each of the following is a function or not.
a. f ={ ( 0 ,−1 ) , ( 2 ,−5 ) , ( 4 ,−9 ) , ( 6 ,−13 ) } c. g= (5 ,−10 ) , ( 25 ,−75 ) ,(50 ,−100)
b. R={( a , 0 ) , ( b ,−1 ) , ( c , 0 ) , ( d ,−1 ) } d. T ={ (−2, 0 ) , (−1 ,1 ) , ( 0 , 1 ) ,(−2 ,2)
Solution:

✔ The examples given in (a) and (b) are functions since no two ordered pairs have the same

values of x.
 ✔ Example (c) is not a function as it does not indicate a set. It is simply a listing of ordered

pairs.

✔ Example (d) is not a function because there are ordered pairs having the same first
element x.
TABLE OF VALUES
A table of values is commonly observed when describing a function. This shows the
correspondence between a set of values of x and a set of values of y in tabular form.
EXAMPLE 2:
a.
X 0 1 4 9 16
Y -5 -4 -1 4 11

b.
x -1 −1 0 1 1
4 4
y -1 −1 0 1 1
2 2

In the examples above, it can be clearly seen that no two more ordered pairs have the same values of x,
thus, are functions.
Day 2.
 MAPPING
*A function can also be expressed as a correspondence or mapping of two nonempty sets.
EXAMPLE 3: Consider the figures below.
F G

X y

-3 0 -3
-4
1 2
-2
2
5 8
-4

Figure 1.1 Figure 1.2

In the figure 1.1, F is a function since each element in X corresponds to a unique element in Y. However,
in figure 1.2, G is not a function. Notice that the element 2 in X is mapped to two elements of Y, which
are -3 and 4.
*The idea of a function can also be extended to real-life situations.
EXAMPLE 4: Identify whether the relationship that exist between each of the following pairs indicates a
function or not.
a. A jeepney and its plate number c. A teacher and his cellular phone
b. a student and his ID number d. A pen and the color of its ink
Solution:
a. Function. A jeepney can only be assigned one plate number
b. Function. A student may only be issued one ID number.
c. Not a function. A teacher may have two or more cellular phones.
d. Not a function. There are some pens that have two or three colors of ink contained in only one
unit.
GRAPHS
*Another way to determine functions is through their graphs. Recall that in a function, every
value of the independent variable, say x, corresponds to a unique value of the independent variable, y.
therefore, any vertical line drawn through the graph of a function must intersect the graph at exactly one
point.
EXAMPLE 5: Which of the following graphs illustrate a function?

Solution:
The graph in (a) and (b) illustrate a function. Notice that when vertical line is drawn over these
graphs, the line will intersect each graph at exactly one point. On the other hand, the graph in (c) is not a
function because any vertical line will intersect the graphs at two or three points.
*The relationship between the variables x and y can be denoted by the equation y=f (x ). This
rule allows you to determine the unique value of y for every given value of x. The variable x is the
independent variable, while the variable y is the dependent variable.

EXAMPLE 6: Find the value of y in the equation y=3 x−2 if x=−1

Solution: Substitute the value of x into the given equation, then solve for y.
y=3 x−2
y=3 (−1 )−2
y=−5
Therefore, in the given equation, if x=-1, the y=-5. These values can be written as and ordered pair
(-1,5)
Day 3.
OPERATIONS ON FUNCTIONS

● ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF POLYNOMIALS

RULE: To add polynomials, write the sum and simplify by combining like terms.
To subtract an expression from another expression, add its negative. That is,
EXAMPLE 1:
To add 3 x+ 4∧7 x−8 ,we have;
( 3 x+ 4 )+ ( 7 x−8 )= ( 3 x +7 x ) +(4−8) Combine Like terms
¿ 10 x+ (−4 )
¿ 10 x−4
To subtract 7 x +2 ¿5 x +4 , we have;
( 5 x+ 4 )−( 7 x +2 )=( 5 x−7 x ) +(4−2) Combine Like terms
¿ (−2 x )+(2)
¿−2 x +22

● MULTIPLICATION OF POLYNOMIALS

RULE: To multiply a polynomial by a monomial, multiply each term of the

polynomial by the monomial.

EXAMPLE 2:
To find the product of 5 x∧x +4 ,we have;
5 x ( x +4 )=5 x ( x )+5 x ( 4 ) Distributive property
2
¿ 5 x +20 x
SPECIAL PRODUCTS

● SQUARE OF BINOMIAL

It is the square of the first term plus(or minus) twice the product of the two terms plus the
square of the last term.
2 2 2
( x + y ) =x +2 xy + y
2 2 2
(x− y ) =x −2 xy + y
The square of a binomial is the sum of the square of the first terms, twice the product of
the two terms, and the square of the last term.

EXAMPLE 3: Using the Special Rule with a positive sign

EXAMPLE 4: Using the Special Rule with a negative sign

Day 4.
COMPOSITE FUNCTIONS
Another operation which involves functions is obtaining the composite function of two
given functions. Given two functions f ∧g , the composite function denoted by f ∘ g (read as
f composed with g ¿ . Is defined by ( f ∘ g ) ( x ) =f [ g(x ) ].The domain of f ∘ g is the set of all
numbers x in the domain of g such that g(x ) is the domain of f . When computing for (f ∘ g)(x),
apply first the function g to x and then f to g(x). the following examples demonstrate this
procedure.
EXAMPLE 7: If f ( x )=4 x−5∧g ( x ) =x 2+ 4 , find ;
a. ( f ∘ g ) (x) b. (g ∘ f )(x) c. (g ∘ f )(2)
Solution:
a. Because ( f ∘ g ) ( x ) means f ( g ( x ) ) , we must replace each occurrence of x in the function
f by g ( x ) .
f ( x )=4 x−5 Given equation for f .
( f ∘ g ) (x)=f ( g ( x ) )=4 ( g ( x ) )−5 Replace x by g( x )

¿ 4 ( x 2+ 4 )−5 Replace g ( x ) by x 2+ 4
2
¿ 4 x +16−5 Apply Distribution Law
2
¿ 4 x +11 Combine like terms
Thus, ( f ∘ g ) ( x ) =4 x 2 +11
b. ( g ∘ f ) ( x ) means g(f ( x )). Hence, we must replace each occurrence of x in the function
g by f ( x ) .
2
g ( x )=( x + 4) Given equation for g .
( g ∘ f ) ( x ) =g ( f ( x ) )=¿ Replace x by f (x)
¿¿ Replace f ( x ) by 4 x−5
2
¿ 16 x −40 x +25+ 4 Square the binomial
2
¿ 16 x −40 x +29 Combine like terms
Thus, ( g ∘ f ) ( x ) =16 x2 −40 x+ 29.
c. Since ( g ∘ f ) ( x ) =16 x2 −40 x+ 29 ,
( g ∘ f ) ( 2 )=16 ¿ Replace x by 2
¿ 16 ( 4 )−80+29 Simplify
¿ 64−80+29
¿ 13
D. APPLICATION
BOARD WORK:
Direction: Answer the following activity below. Check the word YES if the given
relation is a function, and NO if it is not.
RELATION YES NO
1. { (1 , 2 ) , (2 , 3 ) , ( 3 , 4 ) , ( 4 ,2 ) }
2.

x g o b a c k
y 2 3 4 2 -3 5

3.

4.

5. The number of hours you study for your exam and the grades you obtain.

III. EVALUATION “Individual Work”

Directions: Represent each real-life situation using functions.
1. The price of a variety of rice is ₱48 per kilogram. Write a function for the price of n kilogram
of rice.
2. A printer can print (k-10) election posters in a minute. Write a function for the number
ofelection posters that can be printed in t minutes.
3. A student organization is having a sale on its sponsored stage-play tickets. If you buy 3 or less,
you pay the regular price of ₱200. if you buy more than 3 tickets, you pay only ₱175 per ticket.
Write a function for the price of x tickets.

IV.ASSIGNMENT
Have a further study of this lesson and prepare for a short review.

PREPARED BY:
MR. MICHAEL C. PALACAY, LPT
General Mathematics Subject Teacher

CHECKED BY:
MDM. CRISTINE JEAN V. MIRAFUENTES, LPT
SHS Academic Coordinator

APPROVED BY:
MARIFE F. SAYMAN, OP
Directress/Principal